JP2009176518A - Manufacturing method of membrane electrode assembly for fuel cell - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide technique enhancing joining property between an electrolyte membrane and an electrode while suppressing deterioration of a membrane electrode assembly. <P>SOLUTION: An electrolyte membrane 11 and a catalyst layer 14 formed on one side of it are interposed between two press plates 301, 302. A laser beam is almost uniformly irradiated across the whole surface of the catalyst layer 14 from the electrolyte membrane 11 side with a laser beam source device 400. The laser beam transmitted through the first press plate 301 which is a glass plate and the electrolyte membrane 11, reaches the contact surface of the catalyst layer 14 with the electrolyte membrane 11, locally heats the contact interface between the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14, and heat-bonds the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell.

  A fuel cell usually includes a power generator (membrane electrode assembly) in which an electrolyte membrane is sandwiched between two electrodes. Further, a catalyst layer carrying a catalyst for promoting a fuel cell reaction is provided between the two electrodes of the membrane electrode assembly and the electrolyte membrane (Patent Document 1, etc.).

JP 2006-278073 A JP 2005-222894 A JP 63-218164 A

  In the fuel cell, it is required to improve the power generation efficiency by reducing the contact resistance by improving the bondability between the electrolyte membrane and the electrode in the membrane electrode assembly. Therefore, in the manufacturing process of the membrane electrode assembly, for example, a hot press method in which the electrolyte membrane and the electrode are heated and pressed to join them has been adopted.

  However, when heated to an excessively high temperature by the hot press method or when excessively pressurized, the electrolyte membrane and the catalyst layer may be deteriorated. The deterioration of the membrane / electrode assembly in the joining process of the electrode and the electrolyte membrane is not a problem limited to the joining process by the hot press method, but is a problem common to the joining process by other methods. However, the fact is that until now there has not been enough contrivance for these problems.

  An object of this invention is to provide the technique which improves the adhesiveness of an electrolyte membrane and an electrode, suppressing deterioration of a membrane electrode assembly.

[Application Example 1] A method for producing a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly,
(A) preparing an electrolyte membrane;
(B) providing a catalyst layer carrying a catalyst on the first surface of the electrolyte membrane;
(C) Heating the boundary region by irradiating a wave reaching the boundary region sandwiched between the electrolyte membrane and the catalyst layer from the second surface side facing the first surface of the electrolyte membrane By this, the manufacturing method of the membrane electrode assembly for fuel cells provided with the process of joining the said electrolyte membrane and the said catalyst layer. According to this manufacturing method, the boundary region including the contact interface between the electrolyte membrane and the catalyst layer can be locally heated to join the electrolyte membrane and the catalyst layer. Therefore, it is possible to improve the bondability between the electrolyte membrane and the electrode while suppressing the deterioration of the membrane electrode assembly.

Application Example 2 A method for manufacturing a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to Application Example 1, wherein the wave is a laser beam. According to this manufacturing method, since the contact surface of the catalyst layer with the electrolyte membrane can be heated by the laser light that passes through the electrolyte membrane, the contact interface between the electrolyte membrane and the catalyst layer can be locally heated. . Therefore, it is possible to improve the bondability between the electrolyte membrane and the electrode while suppressing the deterioration of the membrane electrode assembly.

Application Example 3 A method for manufacturing a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to Application Example 1, wherein the wave is an ultrasonic wave. According to this manufacturing method, ultrasonic waves can reach the contact interface between the electrolyte membrane and the catalyst layer to locally heat the contact interface. Therefore, it is possible to improve the bondability between the electrolyte membrane and the electrode while suppressing the deterioration of the membrane electrode assembly.

[Application Example 4] The fuel cell membrane electrode assembly manufacturing method according to any one of Application Example 1 to Application Example 3, wherein the boundary region is formed of an electrolyte having a glass transition temperature lower than that of the electrolyte membrane. A method for producing a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell, wherein the intermediate electrolyte layer is provided. According to this manufacturing method, the electrolyte membrane and the catalyst layer can be heat-sealed using the intermediate electrolyte layer as an adhesive layer. Moreover, since heat fusion can be performed at a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature of the electrolyte membrane, deterioration and structural change due to heating of the electrolyte membrane can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to improve the bondability between the electrolyte membrane and the electrode while suppressing the deterioration of the membrane electrode assembly.

[Application Example 5] A method of manufacturing a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell according to Application Example 4, wherein the intermediate electrolyte layer includes moisture inside, and the wave is a microwave for heating the moisture. Of manufacturing membrane electrode assembly for use. According to this manufacturing method, by heating the moisture of the intermediate electrolyte layer by irradiating microwaves, the intermediate electrolyte layer is softened to function as an adhesive layer, and the degree of bonding between the electrolyte membrane and the catalyst layer is improved. be able to. Therefore, it is possible to improve the bondability between the electrolyte membrane and the electrode while suppressing the deterioration of the membrane electrode assembly.

  The present invention can be realized in various forms, for example, in the form of a fuel cell, a fuel cell system including the fuel cell, a vehicle equipped with the fuel cell system, and the like. .

A. First embodiment:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a fuel cell as an embodiment of the present invention. The fuel cell 100 is a polymer electrolyte fuel cell that generates power by receiving supply of hydrogen and oxygen as reaction gases. The fuel cell 100 does not have to be a solid polymer fuel cell, and the present invention can be applied to any of various types of fuel cells.

  The fuel cell 100 has a so-called stack structure in which a plurality of power generation modules 110 are stacked. The power generation module 110 includes a membrane electrode assembly 10 and two separators 20 and 30 that sandwich the membrane electrode assembly 10. The membrane electrode assembly 10 is a power generator including an electrolyte membrane 11 sandwiched between an anode 12 and a cathode 13.

  The electrolyte membrane 11 is a polymer thin film that exhibits good proton conductivity in a wet state. Specifically, the electrolyte membrane 11 may employ a resin (for example, Nafion, manufactured by DuPont) that includes a sulfonic acid group as an ion exchange group that realizes ion conductivity and is configured as a perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid polymer. Is possible.

  Each of the anode 12 and the cathode 13 has a catalyst layer 14 for promoting a power generation reaction on the outer surface in contact with the electrolyte membrane 11, and the supplied reaction gas is spread all over the outer surface not in contact with the electrolyte membrane 11. A gas diffusion layer 15 is provided. In addition, as a catalyst of the catalyst layer 14, platinum (Pt) can be used, for example. As the gas diffusion layer 15, for example, carbon paper can be used.

  The two separators 20 and 30 can be configured by conductive gas-impermeable plate-like members (for example, metal plates). The anode separator 20 is disposed on the anode 12 side of the membrane electrode assembly 10, and the cathode separator 30 is disposed on the cathode 13 side of the membrane electrode assembly 10. Each of the two separators 20 and 30 is provided with gas flow paths 21 and 31 for inducing hydrogen or oxygen on the surface side in contact with the electrode (the anode 12 or the cathode 13).

  The gas flow paths 21 and 31 are configured as a plurality of flow path grooves that run side by side over the entire power generation region used for power generation. The reaction gas is supplied to the electrodes 12 and 13 via the gas flow paths 21 and 31 of the separators 20 and 30. As a result, protons are conducted through the moisture in the membrane of the electrolyte membrane 11, and an electrochemical reaction occurs in each of the electrodes 12 and 13, so that the membrane electrode assembly 10 generates power. The two separators 20 and 30 may have other configurations, for example, a separator having a multilayer structure. In addition, a porous member having conductivity that functions as a gas flow path and a conductive path may be disposed between the separators 20 and 30 and the electrodes 12 and 13.

  By the way, generally in a fuel cell, the contact resistance can be reduced and the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell can be improved by improving the bondability between the electrolyte membrane and the electrode in each membrane electrode assembly. Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to improve the bonding property between the electrolyte membrane 11 and the cathode 13 in the membrane / electrode assembly 10, the membrane / electrode assembly 10 is manufactured by the steps described below.

  2 to 3 are explanatory views for explaining the manufacturing process of the membrane electrode assembly in this embodiment in the order of steps. FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of preparing the electrolyte membrane 11. The thickness of the electrolyte membrane 11 may be about several μm.

  FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram showing a process of forming the cathode-side catalyst layer 14. In this step, a catalyst ink in which catalyst-supported carbon is dispersed in a water-soluble solvent or an organic solvent is directly applied to one surface on the cathode side of the electrolyte membrane 11 by a spray 200 and dried to thereby form a catalyst layer 14. Is provided.

  FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram showing a thermal fusion process of the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14 by laser light irradiation. In this step, first, the electrolyte membrane 11 provided with the catalyst layer 14 in the step of FIG. 2B is sandwiched and pressed by the first and second press plates 301 and 302 from both sides thereof. In addition, the 1st press board 301 arrange | positioned at the electrolyte membrane 11 side is comprised with the glass plate etc. which can permeate | transmit a laser beam.

  Next, in a state where the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14 are pressurized in the stacking direction, the laser light source device 400 irradiates laser light substantially uniformly over the entire surface of the electrolyte membrane 11 from the first press plate 301 side. . Here, since the electrolyte membrane 11 is generally highly transparent, the laser light passes through the electrolyte membrane 11. Therefore, the surface of the catalyst layer 14 in contact with the electrolyte membrane 11 is heated by the laser light, and the temperature of the contact interface between the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14 can be raised. In addition, in order to confirm the heat_generation | fever by the laser beam in the catalyst layer 14 surface, the inventor of this invention performed the following experiments.

  4A to 4D are explanatory diagrams for explaining an experiment for confirming heat generation by laser light on the surface of the catalyst layer 14. FIG. 4A schematically shows a state in which laser light is emitted from one surface in the stacking direction of the stacked body 500 along the stacking direction by the laser light source device 400. In this experiment, similarly to the laser flash method performed for measuring the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of the sample, one side of the laminate 500 is instantaneously heated by uniform irradiation with a pulsed laser.

  The laminated body 500 is obtained by sequentially stacking a gas diffusion layer 510, a porous body 520, and a separator 530 on one surface of an experimental membrane electrode assembly 10A in which a catalyst layer 14 is provided on both surfaces of an electrolyte membrane 11. That is, the laminated body 500 is a schematic reproduction of a part of a general fuel cell configuration. The porous body 520 is a gas flow path member that generally constitutes a flow path of a reaction gas in a fuel cell, such as a carbon sintered body or a porous metal.

FIG. 4B is a graph showing the temperature change at the observation point S1 on the surface facing the catalyst layer 14 irradiated with the laser beam. At the observation point S1, the maximum temperature T _m1 is measured at time t ₁ after instantaneous heating with laser light. In the graph, the time (half time) required to reach T _m1 / 2, which is half the maximum temperature T _m1 , is shown as th ₁ .

  FIG. 4C is a schematic diagram for explaining an experiment for comparison. FIG. 4C schematically shows a state where the laser light source device 400 irradiates laser light along the stacking direction from one surface of the stacked body 500A. FIG. 4C is substantially the same as FIG. 4A except that the laminated body 500A does not have the experimental membrane electrode assembly 10A. That is, in this comparative experiment, similarly to the experiment of FIG. 4A, the stacked body 500A is instantaneously heated from the surface of the stacked body 500A on the gas diffusion layer 510 side by laser light irradiation of the laser light source device 400.

FIG. 4D is a graph showing a temperature change at the observation point S2 on the outer surface of the separator 530 of the multilayer body 500A. In observation point S2, the maximum temperature T _m2 is measured at time t ₂ after the instantaneous heating by the laser beam. In the graph, the half time of the maximum temperature T _m2 is shown as th ₂ .

Comparing the graphs of FIG. 4B and FIG. 4D, the laminated body 500 having the experimental membrane electrode assembly 10A has a longer half time (th ₁ > th ₂ ). In the laminated body 500, since the experimental membrane electrode assembly 10A generates heat due to the irradiation of the laser beam, it can be estimated that such a half-time difference occurs. Further, as described above, since the electrolyte membrane 11 generally has a property of transmitting laser light, the heat generation of the experimental membrane electrode assembly 10A due to the laser light irradiation is generated at the contact surface of the catalyst layer 14 with the electrolyte membrane 11. It is estimated that.

  FIG. 3B is a schematic view showing the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14 removed from the two press plates 301 and 302 after the step of FIG. The contact surface between the catalyst layer 14 and the electrolyte membrane 11 is heated by the laser light irradiation, and the contact interface between the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14 is thermally fused. Therefore, the bondability between the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14 is improved.

Here, the amount of heat generated by laser light irradiation is preferably such that the contact surface of the electrolyte membrane 11 with the catalyst layer 14 can be softened by raising the temperature to the glass transition temperature of the electrolyte membrane 11. For example, it is assumed that the electrolyte membrane 11 has an area of about 200 cm ² , a density of about 2170 kg / m ³ , a specific heat of about 0.96 kJ / kg · K, and a glass transition temperature of about 110 ° C. Then, in order to raise the thickness of the surface of the electrolyte membrane 11 on the catalyst layer 14 side of about 5 μm from room temperature (about 30 ° C.) to about 110 ° C., a heat amount of about 16 J may be generated by laser light irradiation. preferable. In this case, a ruby laser (6 J / Pulse or more) can be used as the laser light source device 400.

  After the above process, the catalyst layer 14 is formed on the surface of the electrolyte membrane 11 on the anode side in the same manner as in the process of FIG. The membrane electrode assembly 10 can be formed by disposing the layer 15 (FIG. 1). The fuel cell 100 can be configured by sandwiching the membrane electrode assembly 10 between the two separators 20 and 30 to form the power generation module 110 and further stacking the plurality of power generation modules 110.

  As described above, according to the process of the present embodiment, the contact interface between the electrolyte membrane 11 and the cathode catalyst layer 14 can be locally heated by laser light irradiation. While suppressing deterioration due to heating, the degree of bonding between them can be improved. Therefore, the durability of the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14 can be improved as compared with the case where the entire electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14 are heated and joined.

  Moreover, since the structural change of the electrolyte membrane 11 due to heating and pressurization is suppressed, the water movement path (water path) in the electrolyte membrane 11 can be maintained in a good state, and the proton conductivity in the electrolyte membrane 11 is maintained. Can be improved. Therefore, the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell can be improved.

B. Second embodiment:
FIGS. 5-6 is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing process of the membrane electrode assembly as 2nd Example of this invention in order of a process. The manufacturing process of the second embodiment is the same as the manufacturing process of the first embodiment except for the points described below.

  FIG. 5A shows a preparation process for the electrolyte membrane 11. In the second embodiment, the intermediate electrolyte layer 16 is formed by applying and drying a liquid electrolyte on one surface of the electrolyte membrane 11 with a spray 200.

  FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram showing a process of forming the cathode-side catalyst layer 14. FIG. 5B is almost the same as FIG. 2B except that an intermediate electrolyte layer 16 is added between the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14. That is, in this step, the catalyst layer 14 is formed on the outer surface of the intermediate electrolyte layer 16 by spray coating.

  FIG. 6 (A) is a schematic diagram showing a heat fusion process of the electrolyte membrane 11, the intermediate electrolyte layer 16, and the catalyst layer 14 by laser light irradiation. FIG. 6A is substantially the same as FIG. 3A except that an intermediate electrolyte layer 16 is added. Since the laser light from the laser light source device 400 passes through the electrolyte membrane 11 and the intermediate electrolyte layer 16, the contact surface of the catalyst layer 14 with the intermediate electrolyte layer 16 generates heat. As a result, the intermediate electrolyte layer 16 can be heated up to its glass transition temperature and softened.

  6B is a schematic diagram showing the electrolyte membrane 11, the intermediate electrolyte layer 16, and the catalyst layer 14 removed from the two press plates 301 and 302 after the step of FIG. 6A. A portion of the intermediate electrolyte layer 16 softened by the heat generated by the laser light irradiation penetrates into the concave portions of the contact surfaces of the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14 and is cured. That is, in the second embodiment, the intermediate electrolyte layer 16 functions as an adhesive layer, and the bonding property between the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14 can be improved by a so-called anchor effect.

  In addition, it is preferable to employ | adopt the thing whose glass transition temperature is lower than the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14 as the electrolyte which comprises the intermediate | middle electrolyte layer 16. FIG. As a result, deterioration of the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14 due to heating and the structural change thereof can be further suppressed.

C. Third embodiment:
7-8 is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing process of the membrane electrode assembly as 3rd Example of this invention in order of a process. The manufacturing process of the third embodiment is the same as the manufacturing process of the second embodiment except for the points described below.

  FIG. 7A shows a preparation process for the electrolyte membrane 11, which is almost the same as FIG. 5A except that a water-containing intermediate electrolyte layer 16 w in a water-containing state is provided instead of the intermediate electrolyte layer 16. The same. The hydrous intermediate electrolyte layer 16w is obtained by adding moisture to the inside of the intermediate electrolyte layer 16 of the second embodiment.

  FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram showing a process of forming the cathode-side catalyst layer 14. In this step, a Teflon sheet 600 having the catalyst layer 14 formed on one surface is prepared in advance, and the Teflon sheet 600 and the electrolyte membrane 11 are stacked so that the catalyst layer 14 is in contact with the water-containing intermediate electrolyte layer 16w. As a result, the catalyst layer 14 can be transferred to the water-containing intermediate electrolyte layer 16w.

  FIG. 8A is a schematic diagram showing a transfer process of the catalyst layer 14 to the intermediate electrolyte layer 16. In this step, the electrolyte membrane 11, the water-containing intermediate electrolyte layer 16 w, the catalyst layer 14, and the Teflon sheet 600, which are laminated in the previous step, are sandwiched and pressed from the outside by the two press plates 302. In this state, microwaves that can be heated by resonating water molecules (for example, microwaves having a frequency of about 2.45 GHz) are irradiated from the electrolyte membrane 11 side toward the water-containing intermediate electrolyte layer 16w. As a result, the water contained in the water-containing intermediate electrolyte layer 16w is heated to raise the temperature of the water-containing intermediate electrolyte layer 16w to its glass transition temperature.

  FIG. 8B is a schematic view showing a state in which the two press plates 302 and the Teflon sheet 600 are removed after the step of FIG. 8A, and is almost the same as FIG. 6B. In addition, since the water | moisture content which existed in the inside of the hydrous intermediate electrolyte layer 16w is removed in a previous process, it is shown as the intermediate electrolyte layer 16 similar to the second embodiment.

  According to the manufacturing method of the third embodiment, the hydrous intermediate electrolyte layer 16w can be directly heated by microwaves. Therefore, it is possible to further suppress deterioration and structural change due to heating of the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14.

D. Variations:
The present invention is not limited to the above-described examples and embodiments, and can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist thereof. For example, the following modifications are possible.

D1. Modification 1:
In the above embodiment, the degree of bonding between the electrolyte membrane 11 and the cathode-side catalyst layer 14 is improved, but the degree of bonding between the electrolyte membrane 11 and the anode-side catalyst layer 14 is improved by the same method. Also good. However, it is preferable to improve the degree of bonding between the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14 on the cathode side for the following reasons.

  In general, in a fuel cell during power generation, a large amount of moisture is generated on the cathode side. If the degree of bonding between the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14 on the cathode side is improved, the energy barrier at the contact interface can be lowered, and the mobility of moisture generated on the cathode side into the electrolyte membrane 11 can be improved. . Therefore, generation of concentration overvoltage in the fuel cell 100 can be suppressed, and power generation efficiency can be improved. Here, the “concentration overvoltage” means that a large amount of water generated on the cathode side by the fuel cell reaction during power generation stays at the contact interface between the cathode and the electrolyte membrane, thereby causing the flow of the reaction gas on the cathode side. A phenomenon that hinders and lowers the voltage of a fuel cell.

D2. Modification 2:
In the first embodiment, the contact interface between the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14 is heated by laser light irradiation, but may be heated by irradiation of waves other than the laser light. For example, it is good also as what irradiates an ultrasonic wave instead of a laser beam. In this case, the frequency at which the ultrasonic wave can reach the region in consideration of the film thickness of the electrolyte membrane 11 so that the region between the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14 is heated by resonance by ultrasonic waves. Is preferably set.

  In addition, one catalyst layer 14 of the membrane electrode assembly 10 is heated and bonded by laser light irradiation in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and then the other catalyst layer 14 is heated and bonded by ultrasonic waves as described above. Also good. In this way, it is possible to improve the degree of bonding between the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14 on both the anode side and the cathode side while suppressing deterioration of the electrolyte membrane 11 and the catalyst layer 14.

The schematic sectional drawing which shows the structure of a fuel cell. The schematic diagram which shows the electrolyte membrane preparation process and catalyst layer formation process in 1st Example. The schematic diagram which shows the joining process of the electrolyte membrane and catalyst layer in 1st Example. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the experiment which confirms the heat_generation | fever of the catalyst layer surface by laser beam irradiation. The schematic diagram which shows the electrolyte membrane preparation process and catalyst layer formation process in 2nd Example. The schematic diagram which shows the joining process of the electrolyte membrane and catalyst layer in 2nd Example. The schematic diagram which shows the electrolyte membrane preparation process and catalyst layer formation process in 3rd Example. The schematic diagram which shows the transcription | transfer process of the catalyst layer to the electrolyte membrane in 3rd Example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Membrane electrode assembly 10A ... Experimental membrane electrode assembly 11 ... Electrolyte membrane 12 ... Anode 13 ... Cathode 14 ... Catalyst layer 15 ... Gas diffusion layer 16 ... Intermediate electrolyte layer 16w ... Hydrous intermediate electrolyte layer 20, 30 ... Separator 21 , 31 ... Gas flow path 100 ... Fuel cell 110 ... Power generation module 200 ... Spray 301 ... First press plate 302 ... Second press plate 400 ... Laser light source device 500, 500A ... Laminate 510 ... Gas diffusion layer 520 ... Porous Body 530 ... Separator 600 ... Teflon sheet

Claims (5)

A method for producing a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly comprising:
(A) preparing an electrolyte membrane;
(B) providing a catalyst layer carrying a catalyst on the first surface of the electrolyte membrane;
(C) Heating the boundary region by irradiating a wave reaching the boundary region sandwiched between the electrolyte membrane and the catalyst layer from the second surface side facing the first surface of the electrolyte membrane A step of joining the electrolyte membrane and the catalyst layer;
A method for producing a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell. A method for producing a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell according to claim 1,
The method for producing a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell, wherein the wave is a laser beam. A method for producing a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell according to claim 1,
The method for producing a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell, wherein the wave is an ultrasonic wave. A method for producing a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The method for producing a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly, wherein the boundary region is provided with an intermediate electrolyte layer formed of an electrolyte having a glass transition temperature lower than that of the electrolyte membrane. A method for producing a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell according to claim 4,
The method for producing a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell, wherein the intermediate electrolyte layer contains moisture therein, and the wave is a microwave that heats the moisture.

Images