JP2009142122A - Motor controller - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a motor controller capable of exactly detecting the life of a switching element, such as a relay, with a simple means and issuing a warning. <P>SOLUTION: The motor controller includes a control unit 1 which outputs a normal rotation signal and a reverse rotation signal for rotating a motor 3 in a normal direction and in a reverse direction, and a motor driving circuit 2 which changes the direction of a current supplied to the motor 3 by a switching element operating based on the normal rotation signal and the reverse rotation signal to drive the motor 3. The motor controller also has a catch detecting means which detects an object's being caught in an opening and closing body during the operation of the opening and closing body. A counter 62 counts the number of times the object being caught is detected by the catch detecting means, and when the detected number of times of the object being caught exceeds a preset threshold 61, a lamp 8 is turned on to issue a warning on the life of the switching element. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a motor control device that controls energization of a motor using a switching element such as a relay.

  For example, in a power window device that controls the opening and closing of a window of an automobile, a window is opened and closed by moving a motor forward or backward by moving a switch to move a window glass of a door up and down. Some of such power window devices have a manual mode for manually opening and closing a window and an auto mode for automatically opening and closing a window. Patent Document 1 described later describes an operation switch for a power window device that can be switched to five operation states of manual close, auto close, manual open, auto open, and neutral (stop).

  In general, in manual mode, the window is closed or opened only while the switch operation knob is held in the manual close or open position by hand. When returning to the position, the window closing or opening operation stops. On the other hand, in the auto mode, once the operation knob is operated to the auto-close or auto-open position, after that, even if you release the operation knob and the knob returns to the neutral position, The closing or opening operation continues.

  In the power window device, if an object or human body is caught in the gap between the window glass while the window is closed, this is detected and the closing operation of the window is switched to the opening operation, thereby damaging the object or human body. To prevent and ensure safety. In particular, when a window is closed by an automatic closing operation, if there is no pinch detection function, the window will continue to close even after pinching has occurred, so the pinch detection function is indispensable in order to avoid danger.

  When pinching occurs, the load on the window glass raising / lowering motor increases and the rotation speed decreases, so the amount of change in the rotation speed of the motor increases. Therefore, the amount of change in the rotational speed of the motor is compared with a predetermined threshold value, and if the amount of change does not exceed the threshold value, it is determined that pinching has not occurred, and if the amount of change exceeds the threshold value, it is determined that pinching has occurred. Thus, it is possible to detect the presence or absence of pinching. Further, it is possible to detect the presence or absence of pinching by using the amount of change in the current flowing in the motor instead of the amount of change in the rotational speed of the motor.

  Patent Document 2 describes a power window device having a pinching detection function. In this document, speed control for maintaining the motor speed at the target value is executed in principle by changing the applied voltage of the motor when the window is closed, and the motor load or its differential value is larger than the first threshold value. When the second threshold value is exceeded, it is determined that pinching has occurred, and the window is switched to the opening operation, so that a pinching prevention function with a low pinching load can be realized.

  By the way, when pinching is detected while the motor is rotated forward by closing the switch and the window is closed, the motor is automatically reversed to open the window. When suddenly reversed, a large current generated at that time flows to the motor drive circuit, which causes the life of a switching element (such as a relay) in the drive circuit to be shortened. Further, when the window is opened by performing an opening operation while the window is closed, the rotation direction of the motor is suddenly reversed to cause the same problem as described above.

  Therefore, as described in Patent Document 3, when the rotation direction of the motor is reversed, both the motor poles are held at the same potential for a predetermined time, thereby generating a braking force by electromagnetic induction to temporarily turn off the motor. If the motor is stopped and then the motor is driven reversely, no large current is generated when the motor is reversed, and the life of the element can be suppressed from being shortened.

  FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a motor drive block in the power window device. 1a is a CPU, 2 is a motor control circuit, and 3 is a DC motor for opening and closing windows. The CPU 1a has a port A that outputs a normal rotation signal and a port B that outputs a reverse rotation signal. In the motor control circuit 2, RY1 is a forward rotation control relay, L1 is a coil of the relay RY1, X1 is a contact of the relay RY1, Q1 is a forward rotation control transistor, RY2 is a reverse rotation control relay, and L2 is a relay RY2. , X2 is a contact of relay RY2, and Q2 is a transistor for reverse rotation control. In relays RY1 and RY2, NO is a normally open contact, and NC is a normally closed contact. A ′ is one terminal of the motor 3, and B ′ is the other terminal of the motor 3.

  In the state of FIG. 24, no signal is output from the ports A and B of the CPU 1a, and the transistors Q1 and Q2 are both OFF. Therefore, the coils L1 and L2 of the relays RY1 and RY2 are not energized, the contacts X1 and X2 are on the normally closed (NC) side, and both terminals A ′ and B ′ of the motor 3 are grounded and become zero potential. Therefore, the motor 3 is stopped.

  FIG. 25 shows a case where a normal rotation signal is output from the port A of the CPU 1a. The transistor Q1 is turned on by the forward rotation signal, and the coil L1 of the relay RY1 is energized from the power source + V, so that the relay RY1 operates and the contact X1 is switched from the normally closed (NC) side to the normally open (NO) side. . On the other hand, since the transistor Q2 remains OFF and the relay RY2 does not operate, the contact X2 is on the normally closed (NC) side. As a result, a current flows from the power source + V through the contact X1, the motor 3, and the contact X2, as indicated by an arrow, and the motor 3 rotates in the forward direction. At this time, the potential of one terminal A 'of the motor 3 is + V, and the potential of the other terminal B' is zero.

  FIG. 26 shows a case where a reverse rotation signal is output from the port B of the CPU 1a. The transistor Q2 is turned on by the reverse signal, and the coil L2 of the relay RY2 is energized from the power source + V, so that the relay RY2 operates and the contact X2 is switched from the normally closed (NC) side to the normally open (NO) side. On the other hand, since the transistor Q1 remains OFF and the relay RY1 does not operate, the contact X1 is on the normally closed (NC) side. As a result, a current flows from the power source + V through the contact X2, the motor 3, and the contact X1, as indicated by an arrow, and the motor 3 is reversed. At this time, the potential of one terminal A ′ of the motor 3 is zero, and the potential of the other terminal B ′ is + V.

  FIG. 27 shows a case where the normal rotation signal and the reverse rotation signal are simultaneously output from the ports A and B of the CPU 1a. In this case, the transistors Q1 and Q2 are both turned ON, and the relays RY1 and RY2 operate to switch the contacts X1 and X2 from the normally closed (NC) side to the normally open (NO) side. As a result, the potentials of one terminal A 'and the other terminal B' of the motor 3 are both + V and the same potential. For this reason, no current is supplied to the motor 3, and the rotating motor 3 is stopped due to regenerative braking.

  FIG. 28 and FIG. 29 show timing charts of motor control when there is pinching. FIG. 28 is a timing chart when the reverse rotation signal is output after stopping the normal rotation signal, and FIG. 29 is a timing chart when the reverse rotation signal is output before stopping the normal rotation signal. In the figure, A is a normal rotation signal output from the port A of the CPU 1a, B is a reverse rotation signal output from the port B, A 'is a potential of one terminal A' of the motor 3, and B 'is the other of the motor 3. Each potential of the terminal B ′ is shown. t1, t2, t3,... represent times.

  In FIG. 28, when a normal rotation signal is output from port A at t1, relay RY1 is turned on at time t2 with a delay of time α, and motor 3 starts normal rotation (FIG. 25). Thereafter, when pinching is detected at t3, the output of the forward rotation signal from port A stops, and relay RY1 is turned off at time t4 with a delay of time β. From time t4, the relays RY1 and RY2 are both turned OFF, and both terminals A 'and B' of the motor 3 are grounded via the contacts X1 and X2 (FIG. 24). As a result, since both terminals A ′ and B ′ have the same potential, the regenerative braking is applied to the forwardly rotating motor 3 and the motor 3 stops. When a reverse rotation signal is output from port B at t5, the relay RY2 is turned on at time t6 with a delay of time α, and the motor 3 starts reverse rotation (FIG. 26). When the output of the reverse rotation signal from the port B stops at t7, the relay RY2 is turned off at t8 with a delay of time β, and the motor 3 stops after a certain time from this point.

  On the other hand, in the case of FIG. 29, after the motor 3 starts normal rotation, a reverse rotation signal is output from the port B at time t3 when pinching is detected. That is, the normal rotation signal and the reverse rotation signal are simultaneously output from the ports A and B. Then, the relay RY2 is turned on at t4 'with a delay of time α from this point. As a result, the relays RY1 and RY2 are both turned on, and both terminals A 'and B' of the motor 3 are connected to the power source + V via the contacts X1 and X2 (FIG. 27). As a result, since both terminals A ′ and B ′ have the same potential, the regenerative braking is applied to the forwardly rotating motor 3 and the motor 3 stops. When the forward rotation signal from the port A is stopped at t5 'and only the reverse rotation signal is output from the port B, the relay RY1 is turned off at time t6' with a delay of time β from this point. Thereby, the motor 3 starts reverse rotation (FIG. 26). When the output of the reverse rotation signal from the port B stops at t7, the relay RY2 is turned off at t8 with a delay of time β, and the motor 3 stops after a certain time from this point.

  By the way, as the operation characteristics of the relay, the operation time when turning from OFF to ON (the time from when the coil is energized until the movable contact comes into contact with the normally open contact) α and the operation time when turning from ON to OFF ( It is known that the relation of α <β is established when β is compared with the time (between the time when the coil is turned off until the movable contact comes into contact with the normally closed contact). In the case of OFF to ON, the movable iron piece is immediately attracted to the fixed iron core by the magnetic attractive force generated by the excitation of the coil. On the other hand, in the case of ON to OFF, the fixed iron core is released even if the coil is de-energized. This is because residual magnetism remains in the magnetic iron and it takes time for the movable iron piece to move away from the fixed iron core. In particular, when a flywheel diode for back electromotive force absorption is connected in parallel with the coil, the coil maintains an excited state while a regenerative current flows through the diode, so that the time until turning off becomes longer.

  Therefore, comparing FIG. 28 with FIG. 29, in FIG. 28, the forward rotation signal is stopped at the time t3 when the pinching is detected, and the energization of the coil L1 of the relay RY1 is cut off almost simultaneously with this. However, from this time until t4 when the relay RY1 is actually turned off, that is, until the contact X1 is switched to the normally closed (NC) side and the motor 3 is braked, β time is required. For this reason, the time τ1 from when the pinching is detected until the motor 3 starts reverse rotation becomes longer, and the pinching cannot be released quickly. On the other hand, in the case of FIG. 29, the reverse rotation signal is output at the time t3 when the pinching is detected, and both the relays RY1 and RY2 are turned on at t4 ′ to brake the motor 3, and the pinching is performed. The time from when the motor is detected until the motor 3 is braked is α. Since α <β as described above, the control in FIG. 29 can shorten the timing at which the motor 3 is braked, and shorten the time τ2 from when the pinching is detected until the motor 3 starts reverse rotation. It is possible to quickly release the pinching.

  However, when the control shown in FIG. 29 is performed, the relays RY1 and RY2 both need to be in an operating state (ON state) in order to brake the motor 3, which causes the following problems.

  FIG. 30 is a diagram for explaining the generation of an arc when the relay contacts are opened and closed. As shown in (a), the movable contact contacts the normally closed contact and the current flows as shown by the broken line, and as shown in (b), the movable contact is switched from the normally closed contact side to the normally open contact side. When the current is interrupted instead, an arc is generated between the movable contact and the normally closed contact, and the contact is consumed by this arc, which becomes a factor of shortening the life of the relay. In particular, when the contact is switched from the normally closed side to the normally open side as shown in the figure, an arc is more likely to occur than when the contact is switched from the normally open side to the normally closed side. This is because, when switching from the normally open side to the normally closed side, once the movable iron piece of the relay moves away from the fixed core, it quickly returns with the force of the spring, so the contact switching speed is fast and the arc is easily interrupted. On the other hand, at the time of switching from the normally closed side to the normally open side, the movable iron piece must be attracted by electromagnetic force against the elastic force of the spring, so the switching speed of the contact is slow and it is difficult to interrupt the arc. .

  Therefore, in the forward rotation state of FIG. 25, the contact X2 of the relay RY2 is in contact with the normally closed contact NC, and the current flows. From this state, the relay RY2 is operated as shown in FIG. When X2 is switched to the normally open contact NO side, an arc is generated between the contact X2 and the normally closed contact NC at the time of this switching, that is, at time t4 ′ in FIG. 29, and the contact is consumed. As described above, if the regenerative braking is applied by operating both of the relays RY1 and RY2 in order to advance the timing of the reverse rotation of the motor 3, the contact of the relay RY2 is consumed by the arc, which affects the life of the relay. become.

  In the case of the control of FIG. 28, the relays RY1 and RY2 are not simultaneously turned on, so that there is no problem of shortening the relay life due to arcing at the time of switching the contacts. That is, when the contact X2 of the relay RY2 switches to the normally open contact NO side at t6, the state shown in FIG. 26 is obtained. When the contact X2 is on the normally closed contact NC side, the contact X1 switches to the normally open contact NO side. Since no change has been made, no current flows through the contact X2. Therefore, even when the contact X2 is switched from the normally closed contact NC to the normally open contact NO, no arc is generated at the contact X2.

  A technique for predicting the contact life and notifying the relay replacement time is disclosed in Patent Document 4. In this technology, the number of times the relay contact is opened and closed is measured, and the current flowing through the relay contact and the voltage applied to the contact are measured. Based on the measured current and voltage values, the relay life provided by the manufacturer is related. Correct the data. Then, the count value of the number of times of opening / closing is corrected based on the correction value of the life data, and when the corrected count value reaches a predetermined value, a signal instructing relay replacement is output. However, this Patent Document 4 does not disclose problems and countermeasures in the case where the two relays are simultaneously turned on to brake the motor in the forward / reverse control of the motor as described above. Further, according to the method of this document, it is necessary to measure various kinds of data, and there is a problem that the correction processing becomes complicated.

  In addition to the above, in forward / reverse rotation control of the motor, for example, when the opening / closing body is moved between the upper limit position and the lower limit position, the motor is locked at the upper limit position or the lower limit position (the motor is not rotated). In a state where only energization is performed), a large current flows through the motor and the load on the contact increases, which may cause a decrease in the relay life.

JP 2001-118465 A Japanese Patent No. 3835522 Utility Model Registration No. 2589589 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-11277

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a motor control device that can accurately detect the life of a switching element such as a relay and issue a warning by simple means.

  The motor control device according to the present invention includes a control unit that outputs a normal rotation signal and a reverse rotation signal for normal rotation and reverse rotation of the motor, and a current that flows through the motor by a switching element that operates based on the normal rotation signal and the reverse rotation signal. The motor control device includes a motor drive circuit that drives the motor by switching the direction of the motor, and when the rotation state of the motor changes, a large load that affects the life of the switching element is applied to the element. In the case of occurrence, it further comprises counting means for counting the number of occurrences, and output means for outputting a warning for the life of the switching element based on the number counted by the counting means.

  In this way, when a large load (for example, arc or large current) that affects the life of the switching element occurs when the rotation state of the motor changes (for example, when the rotation direction is reversed), the number of occurrences is counted. Based on this, a warning for the life of the switching element is output. For this reason, the life of the switching element can be notified to prompt replacement, and troubles such as malfunction due to element failure can be prevented in advance. Further, since it is only necessary to count the number of times, the processing in the control unit is simplified, and the memory capacity can be reduced.

  As a specific example of the present invention, an operation switch for instructing an opening and closing operation of an opening / closing body driven by a motor, and detecting that an object has been caught in the opening / closing body during the closing operation of the opening / closing body It is conceivable to further include a pinching detection means. In this case, the counting means counts the number of occurrences of pinching detected by the pinching detection means, a threshold value for the count value of the counting means is set in advance, and the output means has a count value of the counting means exceeding the threshold value. In that case, a warning is output.

  According to this, when pinching is detected and it is necessary to stop the motor promptly, if a large load is generated in the switching element to brake the motor, the number of occurrences is counted and the count value becomes the threshold value. Since the warning is output when exceeding, troubles such as malfunction can be prevented in advance against the life reduction of the switching element due to the pinching.

  More specifically, the switching element includes a first relay that operates by a forward rotation signal to switch the first contact, and a second relay that operates by a reverse rotation signal to switch the second contact. When the first contact is switched, one terminal of the motor is connected to the power supply via the first contact and the motor rotates normally, while the second contact is switched, the other terminal of the motor The terminal can be connected to the power supply via the second contact so that the motor can be reversed. In this case, when the pinching is detected, the control unit outputs the normal rotation signal and the reverse rotation signal at the same time to operate both the first and second relays, and the power supply voltage is supplied via the first and second contacts. Both terminals of the motor are held at the same potential at a high potential to stop the forward rotation of the motor, and then the output of the forward rotation signal is stopped and only the reverse rotation signal is output to reverse the motor.

  According to this, the forward rotation signal and the reverse rotation signal are output simultaneously to operate the two relays together, and the motor is braked by holding both terminals of the motor at the same potential at a high potential via the respective contacts. It is possible to shorten the time from pinching detection to motor reverse rotation by advancing the timing. As a result, the pinching can be quickly released.

  In addition, when the output means outputs a warning, the control unit deactivates both the first and second relays and sets both terminals of the motor to the same potential at the low potential via the first and second contacts. And the second relay may be operated by outputting a reverse rotation signal after a predetermined time has elapsed.

  According to this, when the warning is not output, the forward rotation signal and the reverse rotation signal are output at the same time, and the potentials at both ends of the motor are set to the same potential at a high potential, thereby shortening the time from the pinch detection to the motor reverse rotation. Can be released. On the other hand, when a warning is output, the forward rotation signal is stopped, the electric potentials at both ends of the motor are set to the same potential at a low potential, and a reverse rotation signal is output after a certain time, thereby avoiding the occurrence of an arc at the relay contact. In addition, the life of the relay can be prevented from becoming shorter.

  In addition, when reversing the motor at a time other than when pinching is detected, the control unit sets both the first and second relays to the non-operating state, and sets both terminals of the motor at a low potential via the first and second contacts. The second relay may be operated by holding the same potential and outputting a reverse rotation signal after a predetermined time has elapsed.

  Normally, the frequency of pinching is not so high, and when the motor is rotated in reverse except when pinching is detected, the number of times that both the first and second relays are in the operating state can be controlled by the above control. This minimizes the wear of the contacts caused by the arc as much as possible.

  As another specific example of the present invention, the counting means is a counting means for counting the number of times that the motor is subjected to regenerative braking with both terminals of the motor having the same potential when reversing the rotation direction of the motor, A first counting means for counting the number of times that both terminals of the motor are at the same potential at a low potential, and a second counting means for counting the number of times that both terminals of the motor are at the same potential at a high potential. Can be considered. In this case, a threshold value for the count value of the first counting means is preset, the threshold value is changed based on the count value of the second counting means, and the output means changes the count value of the first counting means. A warning may be output when a later threshold value is exceeded.

  According to this, it is possible to distinguish and count the number of times that regenerative braking is performed with both ends of the motor at the same potential at a low potential and the number of times that regenerative braking is applied with the same potential at a high potential. Further, if the threshold set for the count value of the first counting means is changed based on the count value of the second counting means, both ends of the motor are set to the same potential at a high potential and regenerative braking is performed. Since the threshold value is changed according to the number of times applied, the threshold value becomes an appropriate value reflecting the cause of the decrease in the lifetime, and the warning can be output by accurately detecting the lifetime of the switching element.

  As another specific example of the present invention, an operation switch for instructing an opening and closing operation of an opening / closing body driven by a motor, and a lock detection means for detecting a lock state of the motor when the opening / closing body is at the origin position The counting means may include a third counting means that counts the number of times the opening / closing body is driven and a fourth counting means that counts the number of times the locked state of the motor is detected. In this case, a threshold value for the count value of the third counting means is set in advance, the threshold value is changed based on the count value of the fourth counting means, and the output means changes the count value of the third counting means. When the later threshold is exceeded, a warning is output.

  According to this, since the threshold for the number of times that the opening / closing body is driven by the motor is changed according to the number of times the motor is locked, the threshold becomes an appropriate value reflecting the occurrence of the cause of the life reduction, and the switching element It is possible to accurately detect the life and output a warning.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to accurately detect the life of the switching element by a simple means and output a warning, and it is possible to prevent a failure of the apparatus accompanying the life of the element.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment when the present invention is applied to a power window device. 1 is a control unit including a CPU, 2 is a motor drive circuit that drives a motor 3, 4 is a rotary encoder that outputs a pulse synchronized with the rotation of the motor 3, and 5 is a pulse detector that detects a pulse output from the rotary encoder 4. A circuit, 6 is a memory composed of a ROM, a RAM, and the like, 7 is an operation switch for instructing an opening operation and a closing operation of a window, and 8 is a lamp for warning a life of a relay (described later) in the motor drive circuit 2. The memory 6 stores a preset threshold 61 for the life of the relay, and includes a counter 62 that counts predetermined data. The control unit 1 constitutes an embodiment of the pinch detection means in the present invention, and the counter 62 constitutes an embodiment of the counting means in the present invention. The lamp 8 constitutes an embodiment of output means in the present invention.

  The configuration of the motor drive circuit 2 is the same as that shown in FIG. The relays RY1 and RY2 constitute one embodiment of the first relay and the second relay in the present invention, respectively, and the contacts X1 and X2 constitute one embodiment of the first contact and the second contact in the present invention, respectively. is doing. Moreover, the control part 1 is provided with CPU1a shown in FIG. In the following, FIGS. 24 to 29 are cited as embodiments of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, when the operation switch 7 is operated, a window opening / closing command is given to the control unit 1. In response to this, the CPU 1a of the control unit 1 outputs a forward rotation signal (when the window is closed) or a reverse rotation signal (when the window is opened) as described with reference to FIGS. The motor 3 rotates forward or backward. As the motor 3 rotates, a window opening / closing mechanism (described later) linked to the motor 3 operates to open / close the window 100. The pulse detection circuit 5 detects a pulse output from the rotary encoder 4, and the control unit 1 controls the rotation of the motor 3 by calculating the opening / closing amount of the window 100 and the rotation speed of the motor 3 based on the detection result.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of the operation switch 7. The operation switch 7 includes an operation knob 71 that can rotate in the ab direction around a shaft 75, a rod 72 that is provided integrally with the operation knob 71, and a known slide switch 73. 74 is an actuator of the slide switch 73, and 20 is a cover of the switch unit in which the operation switch 7 is incorporated. The lower end of the rod 72 is engaged with the actuator 74 of the slide switch 73, and when the operation knob 71 rotates in the ab direction, the actuator 74 moves in the a′b ′ direction via the rod 72 and reaches its moving position. Accordingly, the contacts (not shown) of the slide switch 73 are switched.

  The operation knob 71 can be switched to each position of auto-close AC, manual close MC, neutral N, manual open MO, and auto open AO. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the operation knob 71 is in the neutral N position. When the operation knob 71 is rotated a certain amount in the direction a from this position to the manual closing MC position, a manual closing operation is performed to close the window in the manual mode, and the operation knob 71 is further rotated in the direction a from this position. When the auto-close AC position is set, an auto-close operation is performed to close the window in the auto mode. Further, when the operation knob 71 is rotated by a certain amount in the b direction from the neutral N position to the manual opening MO position, a manual opening operation for opening the window in the manual mode is performed, and the operation knob is further moved in the b direction from this position. When 71 is rotated to the automatic opening AO position, an automatic opening operation is performed in which the window is opened in the automatic mode. The operation knob 71 is provided with a spring (not shown), and when the hand is released from the rotated operation knob 71, the operation knob 71 returns to the neutral N position by the force of the spring.

  In the manual mode, the window closing or opening operation is performed only while the operation knob 71 is held by hand in the manual closing MC or manual opening MO position. When returning to the N position, the window closing or opening operation stops. On the other hand, in the case of the auto mode, once the operation knob 71 is operated to the position of auto-close AC or auto-open AO, after that, the hand is released from the operation knob 71 and the knob returns to the neutral N position. Even then, the window closing or opening operation is continued.

  FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of a window opening / closing mechanism provided in each window of the vehicle. Reference numeral 100 denotes an automobile window, 101 denotes a window glass for opening and closing the window 100, and 102 denotes a window opening / closing mechanism. The window glass 101 moves up and down by the operation of the window opening / closing mechanism 102, the window 100 is closed when the window glass 101 is raised, and the window 100 is opened when the window glass 101 is lowered. Window glass 101 constitutes an embodiment of an opening / closing body in the present invention. In the window opening / closing mechanism 102, 103 is a support member attached to the lower end of the window glass 101. 104 is a first arm whose one end is engaged with the support member 103, and the other end is rotatably supported by the bracket 106. 105 is one end engaged with the support member 103, and the other end is engaged with the guide member 107. Second arm. The 1st arm 104 and the 2nd arm 105 are connected via the axis | shaft in each intermediate part. 3 is the motor described above, and 4 is the rotary encoder described above. The rotary encoder 4 is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor 3 and outputs a number of pulses proportional to the amount of rotation of the motor 3. The rotational speed of the motor 3 can be detected by counting the pulses output from the rotary encoder 4 within a predetermined time. Further, the amount of rotation of the motor 3 (the amount of movement of the window glass 101) can be calculated from the output of the rotary encoder 4.

  Reference numeral 109 denotes a pinion that is rotationally driven by the motor 3, and 110 denotes a fan-shaped gear that meshes with the pinion 109 and rotates. The gear 110 is fixed to the first arm 104. The motor 3 can rotate in the forward and reverse directions, and rotates the pinion 109 and the gear 110 by rotating in the forward and reverse directions to rotate the first arm 104 in the forward and reverse directions. Following this, the other end of the second arm 105 slides laterally along the groove of the guide member 107, and the support member 103 moves up and down to raise and lower the window glass 101, thereby opening and closing the window 100. .

  In the power window device as described above, when the operation knob 71 is at the position of the automatic closing AC or the manual closing MC in FIG. 2 and the closing operation is performed, a function of detecting the object pinching is provided. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, when the object Z is sandwiched in the gap between the window glasses 101 while the window 100 is closed, in order to prevent the object Z from being damaged, the sandwiching operation is detected and the window 100 is closed. Is automatically switched to open operation.

  In detecting pinching, the controller 1 reads the rotational speed of the motor 3 that is the output of the pulse detection circuit 5 as needed, compares the current rotational speed with the previous rotational speed, and based on the comparison result, Determine presence or absence. When the object Z is caught in the window 100 as shown in FIG. 4, the load of the motor 3 increases and the rotational speed decreases, so that the amount of change in speed increases and the amount of change in speed exceeds a predetermined value. Then, it is determined that the object Z is sandwiched.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the basic operation of the power window device according to the embodiment of the present invention. “SW” in the drawing represents “operation switch 7” (the same applies to the flowcharts of FIGS. 6 to 11 below). If the operation switch 7 is in the manual closing MC position in step S1, the manual closing operation is performed (step S2). If the operation switch 7 is in the auto closing AC position in step S3, the automatic closing operation is performed. If the operation switch 7 is in the manual opening MO position in step S5, the manual opening operation is performed (step S6). In step S7, the operation switch 7 is automatically opened. If it is at the position of AO, an automatic opening operation process is performed (step S8). If the operation switch 7 is not in the auto-open AO position in step S7, the operation switch 7 is in the neutral N position and no processing is performed. Details of steps S2, S4, S6, and S8 will be described below in order.

  FIG. 6 shows a detailed procedure of the “manual closing process” in step S2 of FIG. This procedure is executed by the control unit 1. First, it is determined based on the output of the rotary encoder 4 whether or not the window 100 is completely closed (step S11). If the window 100 is completely closed (step S11: YES), the process is terminated. If the window 100 is not completely closed (step S11: NO), a normal rotation signal is output from the port A of the CPU 1a as shown in FIG. Is output, the motor 3 is rotated forward to close the window (step S12). Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the window 100 is completely closed (step S13). If the window 100 is completely closed (step S13: YES), the processing is terminated. If the window 100 is not completely closed (step S13: NO), the jamming is performed. Is detected (step S14).

  If pinching is not detected (step S14: NO), it is determined whether or not the operation switch 7 is in the manually closed MC position (step S15). If it is in the manually closed MC position (step S15: YES), Returning to step S12, the forward rotation of the motor 3 is continued. If the operation switch 7 is not in the manual closing MC position (step S15: NO), it is determined whether or not it is in the automatic closing AC position (step S16). If the operation switch 7 is in the automatic closing AC position (step S16: YES), the process proceeds to the automatic closing process described later (FIG. 7) (step S17), and if it is not in the automatic closing AC position (step S16: NO), It is determined whether or not the position is the manual opening MO position (step S18). If the operation switch 7 is in the manual opening MO position (step S18: YES), the process proceeds to the manual opening process described later (FIG. 10) (step S19), and if it is not in the manual opening MO position (step S18: NO), It is determined whether or not the automatic open AO position is reached (step S20). If the operation switch 7 is in the auto-open AO position (step S20: YES), the process proceeds to an auto-open process described later (FIG. 11) (step S21). If the operation switch 7 is not in the auto-open AO position (step S20). : NO), the process ends without any processing.

  On the other hand, if pinching is detected in step S14 (step S14: YES), the pinching flag is set to 1 (step S22). Then, +1 is added to the count value CNT of the counter 62 that counts the number of times of pinching (step S23). The count value CNT is set to CNT = 0 (initial value) at the time of shipment from the factory. Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the count value CNT calculated in step S23 exceeds a threshold 61 stored in the memory 6 (step S24). If the count value CNT exceeds the threshold 61 (step S24: YES), the process proceeds to step S25, and if not (step S24: NO), the process proceeds to step S26.

  In step S25, the lamp 8 is turned on to warn that the relay has reached the end of its life or that the relay has reached its end of life. In this case, the lamp 8 may be blinked. Further, a warning message may be displayed on a display unit different from the lamp 8.

In step S26 and after, a window reversal operation (opening operation) based on pinching detection is performed. First, in step S26, in addition to the forward rotation signal output in step S12, a reverse rotation signal is output, the potentials at both ends of the motor 3 are set to the same potential, and the motor 3 is braked. That is, while the normal rotation signal is being output from the port A of the CPU 1a, the reverse rotation signal is further output from the port B, and the normal rotation signal and the reverse rotation signal are simultaneously output as shown in FIG. 29 t3). As a result, the transistors Q1 and Q2 are both turned ON, and the relays RY1 and RY2 operate to switch the contacts X1 and X2 from the normally closed (NC) side to the normally open (NO) side. As a result, one terminal A ′ of the motor 3 becomes + V due to the power supply voltage via the contact X1, and the other terminal B ′ becomes + V due to the power supply voltage via the contact X2 (FIG. 27). That is, both terminals A ′ of the motor 3
Both B ′ are the same potential at a high potential. Therefore, no current flows through the motor 3 and regenerative braking is applied. In this case, as described above, an arc is generated when the contact point X2 is switched, which affects the life of the relay RY2.

  Next, after setting both terminals A 'and B' of the motor 3 to the same potential as described above, it is determined whether or not a predetermined time has passed since the pinching was detected (step S27). This predetermined time is set in consideration of the time required to stop the motor 3. If the predetermined time has not elapsed (step S27: NO), the process returns to step S26 and the braking of the motor 3 is continued. When the predetermined time has elapsed (step S27: YES), the process proceeds to step S28, and the normal rotation signal output from the A port of the CPU 1a is stopped (t5 'in FIG. 29). As a result, only the reverse signal from the B port output in step S26 is continuously output, the relay RY1 becomes inoperative, and the contact X1 returns to the normally closed (NC) side ( FIG. 26), the motor 3 reverses and the window opens. As described above, it is possible to shorten the time from the detection of pinching until the motor 3 starts reverse rotation by such control.

  Next, it is determined whether or not the window is completely opened (step S29). If not completely opened (step S29: NO), the process returns to step S28 to continue the reverse rotation of the motor 3, and the window is completely opened. (Step S29: YES), the pinching flag set to 1 in Step S22 is reset to 0 (Step S30), and the process is terminated.

  FIG. 7 shows a detailed procedure of the “automatic closing process” in step S4 of FIG. This procedure is executed by the control unit 1. First, it is determined based on the output of the rotary encoder 4 whether or not the window 100 is completely closed (step S31). If the window 100 is completely closed (step S31: YES), the process is terminated. If the window 100 is not completely closed (step S31: NO), as shown in FIG. 25, a normal rotation signal is output from the port A of the CPU 1a. Is output, the motor 3 is rotated forward to close the window (step S32). Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the window 100 is completely closed (step S33). If the window 100 is completely closed (step S33: YES), the process is terminated. If the window 100 is not completely closed (step S33: NO), the jamming is performed. Is detected (step S34).

  If pinching is not detected (step S34: NO), it is determined whether or not the operation switch 7 is in the manual opening MO position (step S35). If it is in the manual opening MO position (step S35: YES), The process proceeds to the manual opening process described later (FIG. 10) (step S36). If the operation switch 7 is not in the manual opening MO position (step S35: NO), it is determined whether or not it is in the automatic opening AO position (step S37). If the operation switch 7 is in the auto-open AO position (step S37: YES), the process proceeds to an auto-open process described later (FIG. 11) (step S38). If the operation switch 7 is not in the auto-open AO position (step S37). : NO), the process ends without any processing.

  On the other hand, when the pinching is detected in step S34 (step S34: YES), the processing after step S39 is performed. Since the processing content of each step of S39-S47 is the same as the processing content of each step of S22-S30 in FIG. 6, it demonstrates easily below.

  For pinching, after setting the pinching flag to 1 (step S39), +1 is added to the count value CNT of the counter 62 for counting the number of pinching (step S40). When the count value CNT exceeds the threshold 61 (step S41: YES), a warning is output and the lamp 8 is turned on (step S42). When the count value CNT does not exceed the threshold 61 (step S41: NO), in addition to the forward rotation signal output in step S32, the reverse rotation signal is output, and the potentials at both ends of the motor 3 are set to the same potential at a high potential. Thus, the motor 3 is braked (step S43). When a predetermined time elapses after the pinching is detected (step S44: YES), the forward rotation signal is stopped and only the reverse rotation signal output in step S43 is continuously output, and the motor 3 is rotated in reverse to open the window. Is opened (step S45). When the window is completely opened (step S46: YES), the pinching flag is reset to 0 (step S47), and the process is terminated.

  As described above, in the embodiment of FIGS. 6 and 7, when pinching is detected and the rotation state of the motor 3 changes from normal rotation to reverse rotation, that is, the contact X2 of the relay RY2 is normally closed (NC) side. When switching from the normally open (NO) side to the normally open (NO) side, a large load (arc) that affects the life of the relay RY2 is generated at the contact X2, and this counter counts the number of occurrences, in other words, the number of pinching detections. When the count value CNT exceeds the threshold 61, the lamp 8 is lit to warn. For this reason, it is possible to notify the life of the relay and promote replacement, and it is possible to prevent troubles such as malfunction due to a failure of the relay. Further, unlike Patent Document 4, there is no need to measure various data such as the number of contact opening / closing times, current, voltage, etc., and it is only necessary to count the number of pinching detections. The capacity of the memory 6 can be small.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a modification of FIG. In FIG. 8, the same reference numerals are given to the steps for performing the same processing as in FIG. 6. 8 differs from FIG. 6 in the processing after step S25. After the warning is output in step S25, in step S25a, the forward rotation signal is stopped, the potentials at both ends of the motor 3 are set to the same potential, and the motor 3 is braked. In this case, unlike step S26, both ends of the motor 3 are set to the same low potential. That is, the output of the normal rotation signal from the port A of the CPU 1a is stopped, and neither the normal rotation signal nor the reverse rotation signal is output (t3 in FIG. 28). As a result, the transistors Q1 and Q2 are both turned OFF, and the relays RY1 and RY2 are deactivated, so that the contacts X1 and X2 are switched to the normally closed (NC) side. As a result, one terminal A ′ of the motor 3 is grounded via the contact X1, and the other terminal B ′ is grounded via the contact X2 (FIG. 24). That is, both terminals A ′ of the motor 3
B ′ is the same potential at a low potential. For this reason, regenerative braking is applied to the motor 3.

  Next, it is determined whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed since the pinching was detected (step S25b). This predetermined time is set in consideration of the time required to stop the motor 3. If the predetermined time has not elapsed (step S25b: NO), the process returns to step S25a to continue the braking of the motor 3. When the predetermined time has elapsed (step S25b: YES), the process proceeds to step S25c, and a reverse rotation signal is output from the B port of the CPU 1a (t5 in FIG. 28). As a result, the relay RY2 operates and the contact X2 is switched to the normally open (NO) side (FIG. 26), so that the motor 3 reverses and the window opens.

  Next, it is determined whether or not the window is completely opened (step S25d). If the window is not completely opened (step S25d: NO), the process returns to step S25c to continue the reverse rotation of the motor 3, and the window is completely opened. (Step S25d: YES), the pinching flag set to 1 in Step S22 is reset to 0 (Step S30), and the process ends.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a modification of FIG. In FIG. 9, the same reference numerals are given to steps for performing the same processing as in FIG. 7. 9 differs from FIG. 7 in the processing after step S42. After the warning is output in step S42, in step S42a, the forward rotation signal is stopped, the potentials at both ends of the motor 3 are set to the same potential, and the motor 3 is braked. In this case, unlike step S43, both ends of the motor 3 are set to the same low potential. That is, the output of the normal rotation signal from the port A of the CPU 1a is stopped, and neither the normal rotation signal nor the reverse rotation signal is output (t3 in FIG. 28). As a result, the transistors Q1 and Q2 are both turned OFF, and the relays RY1 and RY2 are deactivated, so that the contacts X1 and X2 are switched to the normally closed (NC) side. As a result, one terminal A ′ of the motor 3 is grounded via the contact X1, and the other terminal B ′ is grounded via the contact X2 (FIG. 24). That is, both terminals A ′ of the motor 3
B ′ is the same potential at a low potential. For this reason, regenerative braking is applied to the motor 3.

  Next, it is determined whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed since the pinching was detected (step S42b). This predetermined time is set in consideration of the time required to stop the motor 3. If the predetermined time has not elapsed (step S42b: NO), the process returns to step S42a and the braking of the motor 3 is continued. When the predetermined time has elapsed (step S42b: YES), the process proceeds to step S42c, and a reverse rotation signal is output from the B port of the CPU 1a (t5 in FIG. 28). As a result, the relay RY2 operates and the contact X2 is switched to the normally open (NO) side (FIG. 26), so that the motor 3 reverses and the window opens.

  Next, it is determined whether or not the window is completely opened (step S42d). If not completely opened (step S42d: NO), the process returns to step S42c to continue the reverse rotation of the motor 3, and the window is completely opened. (Step S42d: YES), the pinching flag set to 1 in Step S39 is reset to 0 (Step S47), and the process is terminated.

  Thus, in the embodiment of FIGS. 8 and 9, when the number of pinching detections does not exceed the threshold value, the control of FIG. 29 is performed, and the forward and reverse signals are output simultaneously to By setting the same potential at a high potential, the time from the detection of pinching to the reverse rotation of the motor can be shortened, and pinching can be quickly released. On the other hand, if a warning is output when the number of pinching detections exceeds the threshold value, the control of FIG. 28 is performed, the forward rotation signal is stopped, the potentials at both ends of the motor 3 are set to the same potential at a low potential, and the reverse rotation signal is output after a certain time. Can be prevented from generating an arc at the relay contact, and the life of the relay can be prevented from further shortening.

  FIG. 10 shows a detailed procedure of the “manual opening process” in step S6 of FIG. This procedure is executed by the control unit 1. First, it is determined based on the output of the rotary encoder 4 whether or not the window 100 is completely opened by the manual opening operation (step S51). If the window 100 is completely opened (step S51: YES), the process is terminated. If the window 100 is not completely opened (step S51: NO), a reverse rotation signal is output from the port B of the CPU 1a to reverse the motor 3, and the window 100 Is opened (step S52). Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the window 100 is completely opened (step S53). If the window 100 is completely opened (step S53: YES), the processing is terminated. If the window 100 is not completely opened (step S53: NO), the operation switch It is determined whether or not 7 is at the position of manual opening MO (step S54).

  If the operation switch 7 is in the manual opening MO position (step S54: YES), the process returns to step S52 to continue the reverse rotation of the motor 3, and if it is not in the manual opening MO position (step S54: NO), the automatic opening AO It is determined whether it is in the position (step S55). If the operation switch 7 is at the auto-open AO position (step S55: YES), the process proceeds to an auto-open process described later (FIG. 11) (step S56), and if it is not at the auto-open AO position (step S55: NO), It is determined whether or not the position is the manual closing MC position (step S57). If the operation switch 7 is in the manual closing MC position (step S57: YES), the process proceeds to the manual closing process described above (FIGS. 6 and 8) (step S58), and if it is not in the manual closing MC position (step S57: NO), it is determined whether or not it is in the auto-closed AC position (step S59). If the operation switch 7 is in the auto-close AC position (step S59: YES), the process proceeds to the auto-close process described above (FIGS. 7 and 9) (step S60). If the operation switch 7 is not in the auto-close AC position. (Step S59: NO), the process ends without performing any processing.

  FIG. 11 shows a detailed procedure of the “automatic opening process” in step S8 of FIG. This procedure is executed by the control unit 1. First, it is determined based on the output of the rotary encoder 4 whether or not the window 100 is completely opened by the automatic opening operation (step S71). If the window 100 is completely opened (step S71: YES), the process is terminated. If the window 100 is not completely opened (step S71: NO), a reverse signal is output from the port B of the CPU 1a to reverse the motor 3, and the window 100 Is opened (step S72). Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the window 100 is completely opened (step S73). If the window 100 is completely opened (step S73: YES), the processing is terminated. If the window 100 is not completely opened (step S73: NO), the operation switch It is determined whether or not 7 is at the position of the manual closing MC (step S74).

  If the operation switch 7 is in the manual closing MC position (step S74: YES), the process proceeds to the manual closing process described above (FIGS. 6 and 8) (step S75), and if it is not in the manual closing MC position (step S74: NO), it is determined whether or not it is in the position of auto-close AC (step S76). If the operation switch 7 is in the auto-closed AC position (step S76: YES), the process proceeds to the auto-close process described above (FIGS. 7 and 9) (step S77). If the operation switch 7 is not in the auto-closed AC position. (Step S76: NO), returning to Step S72, the reverse rotation of the motor 3 is continued.

  In the manual closing process of FIG. 6 or FIG. 8, when the motor 3 is rotated forward and the window is closed (step S12), and a manual opening operation is performed (steps S18 and S19), FIG. In the manual opening process, the motor 3 is reversed and the window is opened (step S52). When the automatic opening operation is performed (steps S20 and S21), the motor 3 is reversed in the automatic opening process of FIG. A window is opened (step S72). That is, in this case, the control of FIG. 28 is performed.

  Further, in the automatic closing process of FIG. 7 or FIG. 9, when a manual opening operation is performed (steps S35 and S36) with the motor 3 rotating forward and the window closed (step S32), FIG. In the manual opening process 10, the motor 3 is reversely rotated to open the window (step S 52). When an automatic opening operation is performed (steps S 37 and S 38), the motor 3 is reversely rotated in the automatic opening process of FIG. Then, the window is opened (step S72). That is, also in this case, the control of FIG. 28 is performed.

  As described above, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 11, when the motor 3 is reversely rotated when the pinching is detected, the control shown in FIG. 29 is performed to shorten the time until the motor reverses. When 3 is reversed, the control of FIG. 28 is performed to avoid the occurrence of an arc at the relay contact. Normally, the frequency of pinching is not so high, and by doing so, the number of times the control of FIG. 29 is performed can be minimized, thereby reducing the contact wear due to the arc as much as possible. it can.

  Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. Below, the example which applied this invention to opening / closing control of shutters, such as a garage, is given. The overall block diagram of the shutter control device is the same as in FIG. 1, and the configuration of the motor drive circuit 2 is also the same as in FIG. However, instead of the operation switch 7 of FIG. 2, a shutter opening / closing operation switch 50 as shown in FIG. 12 is used. FIG. 13 is an external view of the shutter 30. The shutter 30 performs an opening / closing operation via an elevating mechanism (not shown) according to the rotation direction of the motor 3.

  In FIG. 12, the operation switch 50 includes a switch body 51 and a lever 52. The switch main body 51 incorporates a switch mechanism (not shown), and the switch mechanism is operated by the operation of the lever 52 to switch the contacts. When the lever 52 is tilted to the left from the neutral position of the solid line (opening operation), the shutter opening is instructed, a forward rotation signal is output from the port A of the CPU 1a, and the motor 3 rotates forward (FIG. 25), FIG. The closed shutter 30 as shown in FIG. 13B is raised in the direction of arrow c in FIG. When the lever 52 is tilted to the right from the neutral position of the solid line (closing operation), the shutter is instructed, a reverse signal is output from the port B of the CPU 1a, the motor 3 is reversely rotated (FIG. 26), and the shutter 30 is It descends in the direction of arrow d in FIG.

  FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing the basic operation of the shutter control device described above. “SW” in the drawing represents “operation switch 50” (the same applies to the flowcharts of FIGS. 15 to 17 below). In step S81, it is determined whether or not the opening operation of the operation switch 50 has been performed. If the opening operation has been performed (step S81: YES), the process proceeds to step S82, and a shutter opening process described later (FIG. 15) is executed. The If the opening operation is not performed (step S81: NO), it is determined in step S83 whether or not the operation switch 50 is closed. If the closing operation is performed (step S83: YES), the process proceeds to step S84. Thus, the shutter closing process described later (FIG. 16) is executed. If the closing operation is not performed (step S83: NO), the process proceeds to step S85, and the shutter neutral state process described later (FIG. 17) is executed.

  FIG. 15 shows a detailed procedure of the “shutter opening process” in step S82 of FIG. This procedure is executed by the control unit 1. First, it is determined whether or not a movable limit in the opening direction of the shutter 30 has been detected (step S91). The movable limit in the opening direction is a position when the shutter 30 is opened and can no longer be raised. If the movable limit is detected (step S91: YES), the shutter 30 is completely opened, and the process is terminated. If the movable limit is not detected (step S91: NO), as shown in FIG. 25, a normal rotation signal is output from the port A of the CPU 1a, the motor 3 is rotated forward, and the shutter 30 is opened (step S92). Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the movable limit in the opening direction is detected (step S93). When the movable limit is detected (step S93: YES), the process is terminated, and the movable limit is not detected (step S93). : NO), it is determined whether or not the operation switch 50 is in the open operation state (step S94). If the operation switch 50 is in the open operation state (step S94: YES), the process returns to step S92 and the opening operation of the shutter 30 is continued. If the operation switch 50 is not in the open operation state (step S94: NO), a shutter neutral state process described later is executed (step S95). Even when the operation switch 50 is continuously opened after the opening operation, the process proceeds to the neutral state process.

  FIG. 16 shows a detailed procedure of the “shutter closing process” in step S84 of FIG. This procedure is executed by the control unit 1. First, it is determined whether or not a movable limit in the closing direction of the shutter 30 has been detected (step S101). The movable limit in the closing direction is a position when the shutter 30 is closed and can no longer be lowered. If the movable limit is detected (step S101: YES), the shutter 30 is completely closed, and the process is terminated. If the movable limit is not detected (step S101: NO), as shown in FIG. 26, a reverse rotation signal is output from the port B of the CPU 1a, the motor 3 is reversely rotated and the shutter 30 is closed (step S102). Subsequently, it is determined whether or not a movable limit in the closing direction has been detected (step S103). When the movable limit is detected (step S103: YES), the process ends, and if the movable limit is not detected (step S103). : NO), it is determined whether or not the operation switch 50 is in the closed operation state (step S104). If the operation switch 50 is in the closing operation state (step S104: YES), the process returns to step S102, and the closing operation of the shutter 30 is continued. If the operation switch 50 is not in the closed operation state (step S104: NO), a shutter neutral state process described later is executed (step S105). Even when the opening operation is continuously performed after the operation switch 50 is closed, the process proceeds to the neutral state process.

  FIG. 17 shows a detailed procedure of “shutter neutral state processing” in step S85 of FIG. 14, step S95 of FIG. 15, and step S105 of FIG. This procedure is executed by the control unit 1. First, the time for the operation switch 50 to switch from the opening operation to the closing operation, or the time to switch from the closing operation to the opening operation is measured (step S111). Next, it is determined whether or not the measured time T is 0.5 seconds or less (step S112). This 0.5 second is an example, and other reference values may be used.

  When the time T exceeds 0.5 seconds, that is, after the opening operation or closing operation of the operation switch 50, the closing operation or opening operation is performed after 0.5 seconds (step S112: NO), it is determined that the operation is a normal closing operation or an opening operation, and it is determined which operation is performed in steps S113 and S115. If it is an opening operation (step S113: YES), the shutter opening process shown in FIG. 15 is executed (step S114). If it is a closing operation (step S115: YES), the shutter shown in FIG. A closing process is executed (step S116).

  On the other hand, when the time T is 0.5 seconds or less, that is, when the closing operation or opening operation is performed before 0.5 seconds elapses after the opening operation or closing operation of the operation switch 50 (step S112). : YES), it is determined that it is necessary to temporarily stop the shutter during the opening operation or the closing operation, and the processing after step S117 is executed.

In step S117, as shown in FIG. 27, the normal rotation signal and the reverse rotation signal are simultaneously output from the ports A and B of the CPU 1a, respectively, the relays RY1 and RY2 are operated together, and both terminals A ′,
Regenerative braking is applied to the motor 3 by setting B ′ to the same potential at a high potential. In this case, as described above, an arc is generated when the contact point X2 is switched, which affects the life of the relay RY2.

  After starting regenerative braking of the motor 3 as described above, it is determined whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed (step S118). This predetermined time is set in consideration of the time required to stop the motor 3. If the predetermined time has not elapsed (step S118: NO), the process returns to step S117 and the braking of the motor 3 is continued. When the predetermined time has elapsed (step S118: YES), the motor 3 is stopped by regenerative braking, and the shutter 30 during the opening operation or the closing operation is temporarily stopped. In this case, in step S119, +1 is added to the count value N of the counter 62 that counts the number of times the relays RY1 and RY2 are operated simultaneously. The count value N is set to N = 0 (initial value) at the time of factory shipment. Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the count value N calculated in step S119 exceeds a threshold 61 stored in the memory 6 (step S120). If the count value N exceeds the threshold 61 (step S120: YES), the process proceeds to step S121, and if not (step S120: NO), the process proceeds to step S122.

  In step S121, the lamp 8 is turned on to warn that the relay has reached the end of its life or that the relay has reached its end of life. In this case, the lamp 8 may be blinked. Further, a warning message may be displayed on a display unit different from the lamp 8.

  In step S122, it is determined whether or not the operation switch 50 has been opened. If the operation switch 50 has been opened (step S122: YES), the shutter opening process shown in FIG. 15 is executed (step S123). As a result, the shutter 30 once stopped shifts to an opening operation. When the opening operation is not performed (step S122: NO), it is determined whether or not the operation switch 50 is closed (step S124). When the closing operation is performed (step S124: YES), FIG. 16 shows. Shutter closing processing is executed (step S125). As a result, the shutter 30 once stopped shifts to a closing operation.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 17, when the opening operation or the closing operation of the shutter 30 is temporarily stopped, the control of FIG. 29 is performed by setting the forward rotation signal and the reverse rotation signal to be output simultaneously (step S117). . Therefore, the timing at which regenerative braking is applied to the motor 3 can be advanced so that the shutter 30 can be quickly stopped in an emergency or the like.

  In this case, since both of the relays RY1 and RY2 are in an operating state (FIG. 27), when the contact X2 of the relay RY2 switches from the normally closed (NC) side to the normally open (NO) side, the life of the relay RY2 is reached. A large load (arc) that has an effect is generated at the contact X2, but the number of occurrences, in other words, the number of simultaneous operations of the relays RY1 and RY2 is counted by the counter 62, and the counted value N exceeds the threshold value 61. In such a case, the lamp 8 is lit to warn. For this reason, it is possible to notify the life of the relay and promote replacement, and it is possible to prevent troubles such as malfunction due to a failure of the relay. Further, unlike Patent Document 4, it is not necessary to measure current and voltage, and it is only necessary to count the number of simultaneous operations of the relays. Therefore, the processing in the control unit 1 is simplified, and the capacity of the memory 6 can be reduced.

  Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 18 is a block diagram of a power window device according to another embodiment, and the same components as those in FIG. 18 differs from FIG. 1 in that two counters, a first counter 62a and a second counter 62b, are provided. The first counter 62a constitutes an embodiment of the first counting means in the present invention, and the second counter 62b constitutes an embodiment of the second counting means in the present invention. Since other configurations are the same as those in FIG. 1, detailed description thereof is omitted. The configuration of the motor drive circuit 2 is the same as that shown in FIG.

  In the present embodiment, the threshold 61 (threshold for the first counter 62a) preset in the memory 6 is changed based on the count value of the second counter 62b. Details will be described below with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  In FIG. 19, in step S131, when reversing the rotation direction of the motor 3, regenerative braking is applied with the potentials at both ends of the motor 3 set to the same potential. Next, it is determined whether the electric potential at both ends of the motor 3 is set to a high potential or a low potential (step S132). When both ends of the motor 3 are set to a low potential (step S132: NO), +1 is added to the count value X of the first counter 62a (step S133). The count value X is set to X = 0 (initial value) at the time of factory shipment. Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the count value X calculated in step S133 exceeds a threshold 61 stored in the memory 6 (step S134). If the count value X exceeds the threshold value 61 (step S134: YES), the process proceeds to step S135 and a warning is output (lamp 8 is turned on). If the count value X does not exceed the threshold 61 (step S134: NO), no warning is output and the process returns to the beginning.

  On the other hand, when both ends of the motor 3 are set to a high potential (step S132: YES), the process proceeds to step S136, and +1 is added to the count value Y of the second counter 62b. The count value Y is set to Y = 0 (initial value) at the time of factory shipment. Subsequently, the threshold 61 is changed based on the count value Y (step S137). Specifically, the threshold 61 is reduced. The changed threshold 61 is overwritten and stored in the memory 6. Therefore, in the next step S134, the changed threshold 61 and the count value X are compared.

  By performing the above processing, the number of times that regenerative braking is performed with both ends of the motor 3 set to the same potential at a low potential and the number of times that regenerative braking is applied with the same potential at a high potential are counted separately. be able to. As shown in FIG. 20, the threshold value does not change even if the count value X of the first counter 62a increases, but the threshold value decreases accordingly when the count value Y of the second counter 62b increases. . The count value X of the first counter 62a is the number of times that regenerative braking is applied with both ends of the motor 3 being at the same potential at a low potential, and is the number of times of performing normal inversion control (FIG. 28). On the other hand, the count value Y of the second counter 62b is the number of times that regenerative braking is applied with both ends of the motor 3 set to the same potential at a high potential. This is the number of times the inversion control (FIG. 29) has been performed. In the latter case, as described above, an arc is generated at the contact point and affects the life of the relay. Therefore, the count value of the first counter 62a is reduced by lowering the threshold value according to the count value Y of the second counter 62b. The threshold value for X becomes an appropriate value reflecting the occurrence of the cause of life reduction, and the warning can be output by accurately detecting the life of the relay.

  The present embodiment can be applied not only to the power window device but also to the shutter opening / closing control described above.

  Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 21 is a block diagram of a power window device according to another embodiment, and the same components as those in FIG. 21 is different from FIG. 1 in that two counters, a third counter 62c and a fourth counter 62d, are provided as counters. The third counter 62c constitutes an embodiment of the third counting means in the present invention, and the fourth counter 62d constitutes an embodiment of the fourth counting means in the present invention. Since other configurations are the same as those in FIG. 1, detailed description thereof is omitted. The configuration of the motor drive circuit 2 is the same as that shown in FIG. The rotary encoder 4, the pulse detection circuit 5, and the control unit 1 in FIG. 24 constitute an embodiment of the lock detection means in the present invention.

  In the present embodiment, the threshold 61 (threshold for the third counter 62c) preset in the memory 6 is changed based on the count value of the fourth counter 62d. Details will be described below with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  In FIG. 22, in step S141, the motor 3 is rotated forward or backward to drive the opening / closing body. Here, the opening / closing body is a window glass. Next, +1 is added to the count value P of the third counter 62c that counts the number of times the opening / closing body is driven (step S142). The count value P is set to P = 0 (initial value) at the time of factory shipment. Thereafter, it is determined whether or not the motor 3 is locked (step S143). When the window glass reaches the upper limit position or lower limit position (these are called the origin positions), the window glass stops moving further, but the window glass has reached the origin position to ensure that the window is fully closed and fully opened. Thereafter, the motor 3 is energized for a predetermined time by the motor drive circuit 2. However, since the window glass is stopped and the motor 3 cannot rotate, no rotation detection signal is output from the rotary encoder 4. Thus, the state in which rotation is not detected even though the motor 3 is energized is the motor locked state. By detecting the locked state, it can be determined that the window glass is at the origin position.

  If it is determined in step S143 that the motor 3 is not locked (step S143: NO), it is determined whether or not the count value P calculated in step S142 exceeds the threshold 61 stored in the memory 6 ( Step S144). If the count value P exceeds the threshold 61 (step S144: YES), the process proceeds to step S145 to output a warning (lamp 8 is turned on). If the count value P does not exceed the threshold value 61 (step S144: NO), no warning is output and the process returns to the beginning.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S143 that the motor 3 is locked (step S143: YES), the process proceeds to step S146, and +1 is added to the count value Q of the fourth counter 62d. The count value Q is set to Q = 0 (initial value) at the time of factory shipment. Subsequently, the threshold 61 is changed based on the count value Q (step S147). Specifically, the threshold 61 is reduced. The changed threshold 61 is overwritten and stored in the memory 6. Therefore, in the next step S144, the changed threshold 61 and the count value P are compared.

  By performing the above processing, as shown in FIG. 23, the threshold value does not change even when the count value P of the third counter 62c increases, but when the count value Q of the fourth counter 62d increases, Accordingly, the threshold value decreases. The count value P of the third counter 62c is the number of times that the opening / closing body is driven by the motor 3, and the count value Q of the fourth counter 62d is the number of times that the motor 3 is locked. When the motor 3 is in a locked state, a large current flows through the motor 3, so that the loads on the relay contacts X1 and X2 of the motor drive circuit 2 become large, and the life of the relay is shortened. Therefore, by lowering the threshold value in accordance with the count value Q of the fourth counter 62d, the threshold value for the count value P of the third counter 62c becomes an appropriate value reflecting the occurrence of the cause of life reduction, and the life of the relay is accurately determined. Can detect and output warnings.

  The present embodiment is not limited to the power window device, and can be applied to the shutter opening / closing control described above.

  The present invention can employ various embodiments other than the above-described embodiments. For example, a counter that counts the number of times that both terminals of the motor 3 become the same potential at a high potential and a counter that counts the number of times that the lock state of the motor 3 is detected are used together, and based on the count value of each counter Then, the threshold value may be corrected.

  Moreover, although the example which used the relay as a switching element was given in the said embodiment, this invention is applicable also to the motor control apparatus using the semiconductor switching element.

  In the above embodiment, as an example of warning output, lighting of the lamp 8 and message display on the display unit are given as examples. However, a signal that prohibits the automatic operation is output, or the warning content is logged in the memory. Such an embodiment is also included in the warning output in the present invention.

  Further, in the embodiments of FIGS. 6 to 9, the example in which the pinching detection is performed in both the manual closing process and the automatic closing process has been described. However, the pinching detection may be performed only in the case of the automatic closing process. .

  Moreover, although the example which applied this invention to the power window apparatus and the shutter control apparatus was given in the said embodiment, this invention can be applied also when controlling opening-closing bodies, such as a rear door of a vehicle, and a sunroof. . Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to an opening / closing body, and can be applied to, for example, a mirror control device that adjusts the angle of a vehicle mirror.

It is a block diagram of a power window device concerning an embodiment of the present invention. It is the schematic block diagram which showed an example of the operation switch. It is the figure which showed an example of the window opening / closing mechanism. It is a figure which shows the state by which the object was pinched | interposed into the window. It is the flowchart which showed the basic operation | movement of the power window apparatus. It is the flowchart which showed the detailed procedure of the manual closing process. It is the flowchart which showed the detailed procedure of the automatic closing process. It is the flowchart which showed the other example of the manual closing process. It is the flowchart which showed the other example of the automatic closing process. It is a flowchart showing the detailed procedure of the manual opening process. It is a flowchart showing the detailed procedure of the automatic opening process. It is the schematic which shows the operation switch for shutter opening and closing. It is an external view of a shutter. It is the flowchart which showed the basic operation | movement of the shutter control apparatus. It is the flowchart which showed the detailed procedure of the shutter opening process. It is the flowchart which showed the detailed procedure of the shutter closing process. It is the flowchart which showed the detailed procedure of the shutter neutral state process. It is a block diagram of a power window device concerning other embodiments of the present invention. It is the flowchart which showed the process in the same apparatus. It is a figure explaining the change of the threshold value in the same apparatus. It is a block diagram of a power window device concerning other embodiments of the present invention. It is the flowchart which showed the process in the same apparatus. It is a figure explaining the change of the threshold value in the same apparatus. It is a figure which shows a motor drive block. It is a figure explaining operation | movement of a motor drive circuit. It is a figure explaining operation | movement of a motor drive circuit. It is a figure explaining operation | movement of a motor drive circuit. It is a timing chart of motor control when there is pinching. It is a timing chart of motor control when there is pinching. It is a figure explaining generation | occurrence | production of the arc at the time of the contact opening / closing of a relay.

Explanation of symbols

1 Control unit 1a CPU
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 Motor drive circuit 3 Motor 4 Rotary encoder 5 Pulse detection circuit 6 Memory 7 Operation switch 8 Lamp 30 Shutter 50 Operation switch 61 Threshold 62 Counter 62a 1st counter 62b 2nd counter 62c 3rd counter 62d 4th counter 100 Window 101 Window glass RY1, RY2 relay X1, X2 contact A, B port A ', B' terminal + V power supply

Claims (8)

A controller that outputs a forward rotation signal and a reverse rotation signal for rotating the motor forward and backward, and
A switching element that operates based on the forward rotation signal and the reverse rotation signal, and switches a direction of a current that flows to the motor to drive the motor;
In a motor control device comprising:
When a large load that affects the life of the switching element is generated in the element when the rotation state of the motor changes, a counting unit that counts the number of occurrences of the load,
An output means for outputting a warning for the lifetime of the switching element based on the number of times counted by the counting means;
A motor control device further comprising: The motor control device according to claim 1,
An operation switch for instructing an opening operation and a closing operation of the opening / closing body driven by the motor;
A pinching detection means for detecting that an object is pinched in the opening and closing body during the closing operation of the opening and closing body;
The counting means counts the number of occurrences of pinching detected by the pinching detection means;
A threshold for the count value of the counting means is preset,
The motor control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the output means outputs a warning when a count value of the counting means exceeds the threshold value. The motor control device according to claim 2,
The switching element includes a first relay that operates by a forward rotation signal to switch the first contact, and a second relay that operates by a reverse rotation signal to switch the second contact,
When the first contact is switched, one terminal of the motor is connected to the power source via the first contact and the motor rotates normally, while the second contact is switched, the other terminal of the motor Is connected to the power source via the second contact, and the motor reverses,
The controller outputs the forward rotation signal and the reverse rotation signal simultaneously to operate both the first and second relays when pinching is detected, and operates the motor by the power supply voltage via the first and second contacts. The motor control is characterized in that both terminals of the motor are held at the same potential at a high potential to stop the forward rotation of the motor, and then the forward rotation signal is stopped and only the reverse rotation signal is output to reverse the motor. apparatus. The motor control device according to claim 3,
When the output means outputs a warning, the control unit disables both the first and second relays and sets both terminals of the motor to the same potential at a low potential via the first and second contacts. And a motor control device that reversely rotates the motor by outputting a reverse rotation signal and operating the second relay after a predetermined time has elapsed. The motor control device according to claim 3,
When reversing the motor except when jamming is detected, the control unit sets both the first and second relays to the non-operating state, and causes both terminals of the motor to be kept at the same potential through the first and second contacts. A motor control device characterized in that the motor is reversely rotated by holding a potential and outputting a reverse rotation signal after a predetermined time has elapsed to operate the second relay. The motor control device according to claim 1,
The counting means is a counting means for counting the number of times that regenerative braking is applied to the motor by setting both terminals of the motor to the same potential when reversing the rotation direction of the motor, and both terminals of the motor are at the same potential at a low potential. A motor control device comprising: a first counting means for counting the number of times of occurrence; and a second counting means for counting the number of times that both terminals of the motor have the same potential at a high potential. The motor control device according to claim 6,
A threshold for the count value of the first counting means is preset,
Changing the threshold based on the count value of the second counting means;
The output means outputs a warning when the count value of the first counting means exceeds a changed threshold value. The motor control device according to claim 1,
An operation switch for instructing an opening operation and a closing operation of the opening / closing body driven by the motor;
Lock detecting means for detecting a lock state of the motor when the opening / closing body is at the origin position; and
The counting means comprises a third counting means for counting the number of times the opening / closing body is driven, and a fourth counting means for counting the number of times the locked state of the motor is detected,
A threshold for the count value of the third counting means is preset,
Changing the threshold based on the count value of the fourth counting means;
The motor control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the output means outputs a warning when the count value of the third counting means exceeds the changed threshold value.

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