JP2009142053A - Short-circuiting element determination apparatus for inverter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To determine short-circuiting between switching elements with a simple configuration, even during rotation of a motor generator, in a short-circuit determination apparatus for a switching element of an inverter. <P>SOLUTION: The short-circuiting element determination apparatus for an inverter is equipped with V-phase and W-phase current sensors 41, 42 connected to any two of phase connection lines 35, 36, and 37, each of which connects each phase of the invertor 100 and the motor generator 31; and a control unit 50. When the current directions detected by the current sensors 41, 42 are the same, the control unit 50 determines that the switching elements for the phase having no current sensors 41, 42, are short-circuited. When the current directions detected by the current sensors 41, 42 are different from each other, the control unit 50 determines that the switching elements for the phase having larger absolute value of the detected current value, are short circuited. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a short-circuit element determination device that determines a short-circuited element in an inverter including a plurality of switching elements.

  For hybrid vehicles that drive a vehicle with an engine and a motor, the DC power of the secondary battery mounted on the vehicle is converted into three-phase AC power for driving the motor generator, and the three-phase AC power generated by the motor generator is converted to DC. An inverter that converts power into power and supplies the secondary battery is provided. The inverter converts current by switching operations of a plurality of semiconductor elements.

  If one of the switching elements of the inverter connected to the motor generator is short-circuited, the motor passes through the freewheeling diode that constitutes the inverter even if the other switching elements are in the OFF state. It is known that a large current flows through the generator. This current is generated as long as the motor generator is rotating, and the current may cause overheating or damage to the motor generator or the inverter. Therefore, a method has been proposed in which whether or not a current flows in a state where all the inverter elements are turned off and whether or not any of the switching elements has caused a short-circuit failure has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1). In addition, a method of detecting a short circuit of a switching element by sequentially turning on inverter elements and detecting an overcurrent flowing into the inverter at that time has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 2).

JP 2006-158182 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-71805

  However, in the prior art described in Patent Document 1, it is possible to detect that any one of the plurality of switching elements has caused a short-circuit failure, but which inverter among the plurality of switching elements is detected. It cannot be determined whether the element has a short circuit fault.

  On the other hand, in recent years, a vehicle state monitoring system has been introduced which can monitor the state of a vehicle and can quickly respond to the failure of the vehicle by displaying the failure part of the vehicle or transmitting failure data. In such a vehicle state monitoring system, the failure part can be displayed or data transmitted in advance, so that the vehicle can be repaired or maintained efficiently. Even when a short-circuit fault occurs in the inverter switching element, it is desirable to identify the part of the switching element in which the short-circuit fault has occurred in advance in order to perform quick repair and maintenance. ing.

  Although the prior art described in Patent Document 2 can detect which switching element has caused a short-circuit fault, an inverter is connected to the inverter because of the current that flows when the motor connected to the inverter is rotating. May not be detected. However, in a hybrid vehicle, a motor generator is connected to an engine by a planetary gear device or the like, and often rotates constantly while the vehicle is traveling. For this reason, in the prior art described in Patent Document 2, there is a problem that it is difficult to determine the short-circuit element of the inverter mounted on the vehicle while the vehicle is running. Further, since the short-circuiting of the switching elements is performed by sequentially turning on the inverter elements, there is a problem that the detection takes time.

  In order to meet such a requirement, for example, it is conceivable to attach a sensor capable of detecting a short circuit state to each switching element. However, increasing the number of sensors complicates the apparatus and lowers the reliability of the entire detection apparatus.

  An object of the present invention is to perform a short circuit determination of each switching element of an inverter even during rotation of a motor generator with a simple configuration.

  The inverter short-circuit judging device of the present invention converts a DC power into a three-phase AC power by a plurality of switching elements and supplies it to a three-phase AC motor generator, and at the same time, converts the three-phase AC power generated by the three-phase AC motor generator into a DC A short-circuit element determination device for an inverter that converts electric power, wherein each current sensor is attached to a connection line of any two of the phase connection lines connecting the inverter and each phase of the three-phase AC motor generator; A control unit that performs on / off of each switching element and determination of a short-circuit element, and the control unit has the same direction of current detected by each current sensor and switching element blocking means that turns off all switching elements In this case, the switching element of the phase where each current sensor is not provided is short-circuited, and the current detected by each current sensor Is the differ is characterized by having a short-circuit element determination means determines that the switching element of the larger phase of the absolute value of the detected current value is shorted.

  In the short circuit element determination device of the present invention, the inverter is configured by connecting three switching elements in series and connecting the arm portions in three phases in parallel, and the short circuit element determination means includes the direction of the current detected by each current sensor. Are in the direction from the three-phase AC motor generator to the inverter, the switching elements on the positive side of the DC power supply among the switching elements of the phase not provided with the current sensor are short-circuited and detected by each current sensor. In the case where the directions of the currents are both directed from the inverter to the three-phase AC motor generator, the switching element on the negative electrode side of the DC power supply is short-circuited among the switching elements of the phase where no current sensor is provided. The current direction detected by each current sensor is different, and the absolute value of the detected current value is large. When the direction of the current detected by the current sensor is the direction from the inverter to the three-phase AC motor generator, the switching element of the phase with the larger absolute value of the detected current value is connected to the positive side of the DC power supply. Judging that a certain switching element is short-circuited, the direction of the current detected by each current sensor is different, and the direction of the current detected by the current sensor with the larger absolute value of the detected current value is from the three-phase AC motor generator. If the direction is toward the inverter, it is also preferable to determine that the switching element on the negative electrode side of the DC power supply is short-circuited among the switching elements of the phase with the larger absolute value of the detected current value. It is.

  The present invention has an advantageous effect that it is possible to determine a short circuit of each switching element of an inverter even when the motor generator is rotating with a simple configuration.

  Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a motor generator drive system 10 including an inverter 100 to which a short-circuit element determination device of the present invention is applied. The inverter 100 is attached between the positive power supply line 23 connected to the positive electrode of the secondary battery (not shown), the negative power supply line 25 connected to the negative electrode of the secondary battery, and the power supply lines 23 and 25. U includes a capacitor 24, switching elements 11, 12 connected in series between the positive power supply line 23 and the negative power supply line 25, and freewheeling diodes 13, 14 connected in reverse parallel to the switching elements 11, 12. Phase arm portion, switching elements 15 and 16 connected in series between positive power supply line 23 and negative power supply line 25, and free-wheeling diodes 17 and 18 connected in reverse parallel to switching elements 15 and 16 are included. Switching elements 19 and 20 connected in series between the V-phase arm portion, the positive power line 23 and the negative power line 25 and each switch And a W-phase arm portion including a freewheeling diode 21, 22 connected in antiparallel quenching elements 19 and 20. Of the arm portions of each phase, the side connected to the positive power line 23 is the upper arm portion of each phase, and the side connected to the negative power line 25 is the lower arm portion of each phase. The connection point of each switching element of each UVW phase arm portion is connected to each UVW phase coil 32, 33, 34 of the motor generator 31 which is a three-phase AC motor generator by each UVW phase connection line 35, 36, 37. Has been. The connection lines 35, 36, and 37 of each phase flow AC power of each phase of the inverter 100 toward the motor generator 31 and flow AC power generated by the motor generator 31 toward the inverter 100.

  A V-phase current sensor 41 and a W-phase current sensor 42 are attached to the V-phase connection line 36 and the W-phase connection line 37, respectively. Each of the current sensors 41 and 42 may be a sensor that is not in contact with the connection lines 35, 36, and 37, such as a coil-type clamp sensor, as long as the current magnitude and direction can be measured. It may be a sensor that detects the current in contact with the wires 35, 36, and 37.

  Each switching element 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20 and each current sensor 41, 42 are connected to the control unit 50, respectively, and each switching element 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20 according to a command from the control unit 50. Is turned on and off, and the signals of the current sensors 41 and 42 are input to the control unit 50. The control unit 50 is a computer that includes a CPU and a storage unit therein. In addition, the control unit 50 and the current sensors 41 and 42 constitute a short-circuit element determination device 60 that determines a short-circuit element of the inverter 100.

  The operation of the short-circuit element determination device 60 when a short-circuit fault has occurred in any one of the switching elements 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, and 20 of the inverter 100 of the motor generator drive system 10 described above will be described.

  The vehicle equipped with the motor generator drive system 10 is in a running state, the motor generator 31 is in a rotating state, and the positive power line 23 and the negative power line 25 are electrically disconnected from a secondary battery (not shown). It is in a state. As shown in step S <b> 101 of FIG. 2, the control unit 50 outputs a command to turn off all the switching elements 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20 of the inverter 100. And a current signal is acquired from each current sensor 41 and 42 as shown in Step S102 of FIG. When all the switching elements 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20 are kept off, no current flows through the coils 32, 33, 34 of the motor generator 31. Neither 41 nor 42 detects current. On the other hand, when any one of the switching elements has a short circuit fault, the current generated by the rotation of the motor generator 31 flows to the short circuit fault switching element and the freewheeling diode. Is detected.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 3, when the switching element 11 in the upper arm portion of the U phase is short-circuited, currents generated by the rotation of the motor generator 31 are the V-phase and W-phase of the motor generator 31. From the coils 33 and 34, V-phase and W-phase connection lines 36 and 37 flow in the direction of the inverter 100, respectively, and pass through the free-wheeling diodes 17 and 21 in the upper arms of the V-phase and W-phase, respectively. 23, flows from the positive power supply line 23 through the switching element 11 of the U-phase upper arm portion, and flows from the connection line 35 to the U-phase coil 32 of the motor generator 31. The current flowing in the U-phase coil 32 flows in the V-phase and W-phase coils 33 and 34. As described above, the current generated by the rotation of the motor generator 31 passes through the switching element 11 in the upper arm portion of the U phase in which the short circuit has failed and the respective free-wheeling diodes 17 and 21 in the V phase and the W phase. 32, 33, 34. Even when the other switching elements are short-circuited, the current flows through the switching element and the free-wheeling diode that are short-circuited, so that each of the current sensors 41 and 42 detects some current.

  As shown in step S103 of FIG. 2, when the current is detected by each of the current sensors 41 and 42, the control unit 50 performs a short-circuit element determination step shown in step S104 of FIG. The control unit 50 acquires current data having signals of current magnitude and direction when the motor generator 31 is rotated once or 360 degrees from each of the current sensors 41 and 42, and which switching element is based on the acquired current data. Determine whether a short circuit has occurred. Hereinafter, the current data acquired by the switching element in which the short circuit failure has occurred and the current sensors 41 and 42 will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 3, when a short circuit failure occurs in the switching element 11 of the upper arm portion of the U phase as shown in FIG. 3, the current of each phase generated by the rotation of the motor generator 31 is The V-phase and W-phase coils 33 and 34 flow through the V-phase and W-phase connection lines 36 and 37, respectively, toward the inverter 100. It flows to the positive power line 23 through the positive electrode power line 23, flows from the positive power supply line 23 to the U-phase upper arm switching element 11, and flows from the connection line 35 to the U-phase coil 32 of the motor generator 31. The current flowing in the U-phase coil 32 flows in the V-phase and W-phase coils 33 and 34. As described above, the current generated by the rotation of the motor generator 31 passes through the switching element 11 in the upper arm portion of the U-phase that has a short circuit failure and the free-wheeling diodes 17 and 21 in the upper arm portion of the V-phase and W-phase. It flows to each coil 32, 33, 34 of 31. As shown in FIG. 3, the switching element 11 in the upper arm portion of the U phase in which the short circuit failure has occurred flows a current obtained by adding the current flowing in the V phase and the W phase to the current in the U phase.

  On the other hand, the current of each phase of the three-phase alternating current UVW is a sine wave whose phase is shifted by 120 degrees, but each of the free-wheeling diodes 17 and 21 in the upper arm portion of the V-phase and W-phase is connected to the connection line 36, Current flows only in the direction from 37 to the positive power supply line 23, that is, in the direction from the motor generator 31 side to the inverter 100 side. Here, assuming that the current flowing in the direction from the motor generator 31 toward the inverter 100 is positive, and conversely that the current flowing in the direction from the inverter 100 toward the motor generator 31 is negative, as shown in FIG. The current flowing through the connection lines 36 and 37 flows from the motor generator 31 toward the inverter 100, the signs of the currents are both positive, and the waveform is half-wave rectified as shown by the signs v and w in FIG. It becomes a sine wave. On the contrary, since the direction of the current of the U-phase connection line 35 is the direction from the inverter 100 to the motor generator 31, the sign of the current is negative. Further, as indicated by the symbol u in FIG. 9, the absolute value is the sum of the inflow current from the V phase and the W phase and the generated current of the U phase, so that it is larger than the current values of the V phase and the W phase. Become.

  Since the V-phase current sensor 41 is connected to the V-phase connection line 36 and the W-phase current sensor 42 is connected to the W-phase connection line 37, switching of the upper arm portion of the U-phase is performed as described above. When the element 11 is short-circuited, each of the current sensors 41 and 42 has a positive sign, that is, detects a current in a direction from the motor generator 31 toward the inverter 100.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when a short circuit failure occurs in the switching element 15 in the upper arm portion of the V phase, the current of each phase generated by the rotation of the motor generator 31 is the coil of the U phase and W phase of the motor generator 31. 32 and 34 respectively flow through U-phase and W-phase connection lines 35 and 37 in the direction of the inverter 100, pass through the free-wheeling diodes 13 and 21 of the upper arm portion of the U-phase and W-phase, and the positive-side power line 23. And flows from the positive power supply line 23 to the V-phase coil 33 of the motor generator 31 from the connection line 36 through the switching element 15 of the V-phase upper arm portion. The current flowing in the V-phase coil 33 flows in the U-phase and W-phase coils 32 and 34. As described above, the current generated by the rotation of the motor generator 31 passes through the switching element 15 in the upper arm portion of the V-phase where the short-circuit has failed and the respective free-wheeling diodes 13 and 21 of the U-phase and W-phase. 32, 33, 34. As shown in FIG. 4, the switching element 15 in the upper arm portion of the V phase in which the short circuit failure has occurred flows a current obtained by adding the current flowing in the U phase and the W phase to the current in the V phase.

  On the other hand, the free-wheeling diodes 13 and 21 in the upper arms of the U and W phases are only in the direction from the connection lines 35 and 37 toward the positive power supply line 23, that is, in the direction from the motor generator 31 side to the inverter 100 side. Current does not flow. As described above with reference to FIG. 3, if the current flowing in the direction from the motor generator 31 to the inverter 100 is plus, and conversely, the current flowing in the direction from the inverter 100 to the motor generator 31 is minus, FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, since the currents flowing through the U-phase and W-phase connection lines 35 and 37 flow from the motor generator 31 toward the inverter 100, the signs of the currents are both positive, and the current waveforms are as shown in FIG. As indicated by the symbols u and w, a half-wave rectified sine wave is obtained. On the contrary, since the direction of the current of the V-phase connection line 36 is the direction from the inverter 100 to the motor generator 31, the sign of the current is negative. Further, as indicated by the symbol v in FIG. 10, the absolute value is the sum of the inflow current from the U phase and the W phase and the generated current of the V phase, so that it is larger than the current values of the U phase and the W phase. Become.

  For this reason, when the switching element 15 in the upper arm portion of the V-phase is short-circuited, the V-phase current sensor 41 detects a current having a minus sign, that is, a current in the direction from the inverter 100 to the motor generator 31, and the W-phase current sensor 42 Conversely, a current having a positive sign, that is, a current in a direction from the motor generator 31 toward the inverter 100 is detected. The absolute value of the current detected by the V-phase current sensor 41 is larger than the absolute value of the current detected by the W-phase current sensor 42. That is, when the switching element 15 in the upper arm portion of the V-phase is short-circuited, the sign of the current detected by each of the current sensors 41 and 42 is different and is connected to the V-phase connection line 36 causing the short-circuit failure. The absolute value of the current detected by the V-phase current sensor 41 is larger than the absolute value of the current value detected by the W-phase current sensor 42 connected to the W-phase connection line 37.

  As shown in FIG. 5, when a short circuit failure occurs in the switching element 19 of the upper arm portion of the W phase, the current of each phase generated by the rotation of the motor generator 31 is the respective coils of the U phase and V phase of the motor generator 31. 32 and 33 respectively flow through U-phase and V-phase connection lines 35 and 36 toward the inverter 100, pass through the free-wheeling diodes 13 and 17 in the upper arms of the U-phase and V-phase, and are connected to the positive-side power supply line 23. And flows from the positive power supply line 23 through the switching element 19 in the upper arm portion of the W phase to the W phase coil 34 of the motor generator 31 from the connection line 37. The current flowing in the W-phase coil 34 flows in the U-phase and V-phase coils 32 and 33. As described above, the current generated by the rotation of the motor generator 31 passes through the switching element 19 in the upper arm portion of the W-phase that has a short-circuit failure, and the respective free-wheeling diodes 13 and 17 of the U-phase and V-phase. 32, 33, 34. As shown in FIG. 5, a current obtained by combining the current flowing in the U phase and the V phase with the current in the W phase flows through the switching element 19 in the upper arm portion of the W phase in which the short circuit failure has occurred.

  On the other hand, the free-wheeling diodes 13 and 17 in the upper arms of the U-phase and V-phase are only in the direction from the connection lines 35 and 36 toward the positive power supply line 23, that is, in the direction from the motor generator 31 side to the inverter 100 side. Current does not flow. As previously described with reference to FIG. 3, if the current flowing in the direction from the motor generator 31 to the inverter 100 is positive, and conversely, the current flowing in the direction from the inverter 100 to the motor generator 31 is negative, FIG. As shown in FIG. 11, since the currents flowing through the U-phase and V-phase connection lines 35 and 36 flow from the motor generator 31 toward the inverter 100, the signs of the currents are both positive, and the waveform of the current is shown in FIG. As indicated by reference symbols u and v, a half-wave rectified sine wave is obtained. Conversely, a current in the direction from the inverter 100 to the motor generator 31 flows through the W-phase connection line 37, and the sign of the current is negative. Further, as indicated by a symbol w in FIG. 11, the absolute value is the sum of the inflow current from the U phase and the V phase and the generated current of the W phase, so that it is larger than the current values of the U phase and the V phase. Become.

  For this reason, when the switching element 19 in the upper arm portion of the W phase is short-circuited, the V phase current sensor 41 detects a current having a plus sign, that is, a direction from the motor generator 31 to the inverter 100, and the W phase current sensor 42 Conversely, a current having a minus sign, that is, a current in a direction from the inverter 100 toward the motor generator 31 is detected. The absolute value of the current detected by the W-phase current sensor 42 is larger than the absolute value of the current detected by the V-phase current sensor 41. That is, when the switching element 19 in the upper arm portion of the W phase is short-circuited, the sign of the current detected by each of the current sensors 41 and 42 is different and is connected to the W-phase connection line 37 causing the short-circuit failure. The absolute value of the current detected by the W-phase current sensor 42 is larger than the absolute value of the current value detected by the V-phase current sensor 41 connected to the V-phase connection line 36.

  As shown in FIG. 6, when a short circuit failure occurs in the switching element 12 of the lower arm portion of the U phase, the current of each phase generated by the rotation of the motor generator 31 is transferred from the U phase coil 32 of the motor generator 31 to the U phase. Through the connecting line 35 in the direction of the inverter 100, through the switching element 12 that is short-circuited to the negative power supply line 25, and from the negative power supply line 25 to the V-phase and W-phase freewheeling diodes. 18 and 22, flows to the connection lines 36 and 37, and flows from the connection lines 36 and 37 to the V-phase and W-phase coils 33 and 34 of the motor generator 31. The current flowing in the V-phase and W-phase coils 33 and 34 flows in the U-phase coil 32. As described above, the current generated by the rotation of the motor generator 31 passes through the switching element 12 of the U-phase lower arm portion in which the short-circuit failure has occurred, and the free-wheeling diodes 18 and 22 of the V-phase and W-phase lower arm portions. It flows to each coil 32, 33, 34 of 31. As shown in FIG. 6, a current obtained by adding the current flowing in the V phase and the W phase to the current in the U phase flows through the switching element 12 in the lower arm portion of the U phase in which the short circuit failure has occurred.

  On the other hand, the free-wheeling diodes 18 and 22 in the lower arms of the V-phase and W-phase are only in the direction from the negative power supply line 25 to the connection lines 36 and 37, that is, in the direction from the inverter 100 side to the motor generator 31 side. Current does not flow. Here, as in the case described above, assuming that the current flowing in the direction from the motor generator 31 toward the inverter 100 is plus and conversely the current flowing in the direction from the inverter 100 toward the motor generator 31 is minus, the current is shown in FIG. As described above, since the currents flowing through the V-phase and W-phase connection lines 36 and 37 flow from the inverter 100 toward the motor generator 31, the signs of the currents are both negative, and the waveforms thereof are the signs v and w of FIG. 12. As shown in FIG. 2, a half-wave rectified sine wave is obtained. Conversely, a current flows from the motor generator 31 toward the inverter 100 in the U-phase connection line 35, and the sign of the current is positive. Also, as indicated by the symbol u in FIG. 12, the absolute value is the sum of the inflow current from the V phase and the W phase and the generated current of the U phase, so that it is larger than the current values of the V phase and the W phase. Become.

  Since the V-phase current sensor 41 is connected to the V-phase connection line 36 and the W-phase current sensor 42 is connected to the W-phase connection line 37, switching of the lower arm portion of the U-phase is performed as follows. When the element 12 is short-circuited, each of the current sensors 41 and 42 detects a current having a minus sign, that is, a current in a direction from the inverter 100 toward the motor generator 31.

  As shown in FIG. 7, when a short circuit failure occurs in the switching element 16 in the lower arm portion of the V phase, the current of each phase generated by the rotation of the motor generator 31 is supplied from the V phase coil 33 of the motor generator 31 to the V phase. Through the connecting element 36 in the direction of the inverter 100, through the switching element 16 that is short-circuited to the negative power supply line 25, and from the negative power supply line 25 to the U-phase and W-phase lower arm diodes. 14 and 22, flows to the connection lines 35 and 37, and flows from the connection lines 35 and 37 to the U-phase and W-phase coils 32 and 34 of the motor generator 31. The current flowing in the U-phase and W-phase coils 32 and 34 flows in the V-phase coil 33. As described above, the current generated by the rotation of the motor generator 31 passes through the switching element 16 in the lower arm portion of the V-phase where the short circuit has occurred and the freewheeling diodes 14 and 22 in the lower arm portion of the U-phase and W-phase. It flows to each coil 32, 33, 34 of 31. As shown in FIG. 7, a current obtained by combining the current flowing in the U phase and the W phase with the current in the V phase flows through the switching element 16 in the lower arm portion of the V phase in which the short circuit failure has occurred.

  On the other hand, the free-wheeling diodes 14 and 22 in the lower arms of the U-phase and W-phase are only in the direction from the negative power supply line 25 to the connection lines 35 and 37, that is, in the direction from the inverter 100 side to the motor generator 31 side. Current does not flow. Here, as in the case described above, if the current flowing in the direction from the motor generator 31 to the inverter 100 is plus and the current flowing in the direction from the inverter 100 to the motor generator 31 is minus, the U phase, W As shown in FIG. 7, the currents flowing through the phase connection lines 35 and 37 flow from the inverter 100 toward the motor generator 31, so the signs of the currents are both negative, as indicated by the signs u and w in FIG. 13. In addition, a half-wave rectified sine wave is obtained. Conversely, a current flows from the motor generator 31 toward the inverter 100 through the V-phase connection line 36, and the sign of the current is positive. Further, as indicated by the symbol v in FIG. 13, the absolute value is the sum of the inflow current from the U phase and the W phase and the generated current of the V phase, so that it is larger than the current values of the U phase and the W phase. Become.

  For this reason, when the switching element 16 in the lower arm portion of the V-phase is short-circuited, the V-phase current sensor 41 detects a current having a plus sign, that is, a direction from the motor generator 31 to the inverter 100, and the W-phase current sensor 42 Conversely, a current having a minus sign, that is, a current in a direction from the inverter 100 toward the motor generator 31 is detected. The absolute value of the current detected by the V-phase current sensor 41 is larger than the absolute value of the current detected by the W-phase current sensor 42. That is, when the switching element 16 in the lower arm portion of the V-phase has a short circuit failure, the signs of the currents detected by the current sensors 41 and 42 are different and are connected to the V-phase connection line 36 causing the short-circuit failure. The absolute value of the current detected by the V-phase current sensor 41 is larger than the absolute value of the current value detected by the W-phase current sensor 42 connected to the W-phase connection line 37.

  As shown in FIG. 8, when a short circuit failure occurs in the switching element 20 in the lower arm portion of the W phase, the current of each phase generated by the rotation of the motor generator 31 is transmitted from the W phase coil 34 of the motor generator 31 to the W phase. Through the connecting line 37 in the direction of the inverter 100, through the switching element 20 that is short-circuited to the negative power supply line 25, and from the negative power supply line 25 to the U-phase and V-phase lower arm diodes. 14 and 18, flows to the connection lines 35 and 36, and flows from the connection lines 35 and 36 to the U-phase and V-phase coils 32 and 33 of the motor generator 31. The current flowing in the U-phase and V-phase coils 32 and 33 flows in the W-phase coil 34. As described above, the current generated by the rotation of the motor generator 31 passes through the switching element 20 in the lower arm portion of the W phase that has a short circuit failure and the freewheeling diodes 14 and 18 in the lower arm portion of the U phase and V phase. It flows to each coil 32, 33, 34 of 31. As shown in FIG. 8, a current obtained by combining the current flowing in the U phase and the V phase with the current in the W phase flows through the switching element 20 in the lower arm portion of the W phase in which the short circuit failure has occurred.

  On the other hand, the free-wheeling diodes 14 and 18 in the lower arms of the U-phase and V-phase are only in the direction from the negative power supply line 25 to the connection lines 35 and 36, that is, in the direction from the inverter 100 side to the motor generator 31 side. Current does not flow. Here, as in the case described above, assuming that the current flowing in the direction from the motor generator 31 toward the inverter 100 is plus and conversely that the current flowing in the direction from the inverter 100 toward the motor generator 31 is minus, FIG. Thus, since the currents flowing through the U-phase and V-phase connection lines 35 and 36 flow from the inverter 100 toward the motor generator 31, the signs of the currents are both negative, and the waveform of the current is the sign u in FIG. 14. , V, it becomes a half-wave rectified sine wave. Conversely, a current flows from the motor generator 31 toward the inverter 100 through the W-phase connection line 37. The sign of the current is positive. Further, as indicated by a symbol w in FIG. 14, the absolute value is the sum of the inflow current from the U phase and the V phase and the generated current of the W phase, and therefore becomes larger than the current values of the U phase and the V phase. .

  For this reason, when the switching element 20 in the lower arm portion of the W phase is short-circuited, the V phase current sensor 41 detects a current having a minus sign, that is, a current in the direction from the inverter 100 to the motor generator 31, and the W phase current sensor 42 Conversely, a current having a positive sign, that is, a current in a direction from the motor generator 31 toward the inverter 100 is detected. The absolute value of the current detected by the W-phase current sensor 42 is larger than the absolute value of the current detected by the V-phase current sensor 41. That is, when the switching element 20 in the lower arm portion of the W phase is short-circuited, the signs of the currents detected by the current sensors 41 and 42 are different and are connected to the W-phase connection line 37 causing the short-circuit failure. The absolute value of the current detected by the W-phase current sensor 42 is larger than the absolute value of the current value detected by the V-phase current sensor 41 connected to the V-phase connection line 36.

  As described above, when any one of the six switching elements 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, and 20 in the upper and lower arm portions of the inverter 100 is short-circuited, V The directions of currents detected by the V-phase current sensor 41 and the W-phase current sensor 42 connected to the phase and W-phase connection lines 36 and 37 and the combinations of absolute values thereof are all different.

  That is, when the current direction detected by each of the current sensors 41 and 42 is both positive, it is a case where the U-phase switching element 11 of the upper arm part has caused a short-circuit failure, and is detected by each of the current sensors 41 and 42. When both the current directions are negative, the U-phase switching element 12 of the lower arm portion is in a short circuit failure.

  When the direction of the current detected by the V-phase current sensor 41 is negative and the direction of the current detected by the W-phase current sensor 42 is positive, the absolute value of the current detected by the V-phase current sensor 41 is the W-phase current sensor 42. Is larger than the absolute value of the current detected by, the case where the V-phase switching element 15 of the upper arm part has a short circuit failure and the absolute value of the current detected by the W-phase current sensor 42 is V-phase current. When the absolute value of the current detected by the sensor 41 is larger, the W-phase switching element 20 of the lower arm part is in a short circuit failure.

  When the direction of the current detected by the V-phase current sensor 41 is positive and the direction of the current detected by the W-phase current sensor 42 is negative, the absolute value of the current detected by the W-phase current sensor 42 is V-phase current sensor 41. Is larger than the absolute value of the current detected by, the case where the W-phase switching element 19 of the upper arm portion is short-circuited and the absolute value of the current detected by the V-phase current sensor 41 is the W-phase current. When the absolute value of the current detected by the sensor 42 is larger, the V-phase switching element 16 in the lower arm portion is short-circuited.

  As described above, the short-circuit element determination device 60 according to the present embodiment detects the magnitude and direction of the current flowing through the connection lines 36 and 37 of the two phases of V phase and W phase, thereby rotating the motor generator 31. In particular, it is possible to determine which of the switching elements 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, and 20 of the inverter 100 is causing a short circuit failure. Moreover, in this embodiment, since the switching element which is short-circuited can be determined based on the current data from the two current sensors, the effect that the switching element causing the short-circuit failure can be specified in a short time. Play. In addition, since this embodiment can quickly identify a switching element that has caused a short-circuit failure while the vehicle is running, the failure part can be displayed or data transmitted in advance to the vehicle state monitoring system. There is an effect that maintenance can be performed efficiently.

  In the present embodiment described above, the current sensors 41 and 42 are described as being attached to the V-phase connection line 36 and the W-phase connection line 37, respectively. However, the current sensor has three UVW connection lines 35, If it is provided in any two of 36 and 37, as in the present embodiment, it is determined which switching element has caused a short-circuit fault depending on the magnitude and direction of the current detected by each current sensor. be able to.

It is a block diagram which shows the motor generator drive system containing the inverter with which the short circuit element determination apparatus of embodiment of this invention is applied. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the short circuit element determination apparatus of embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the flow of an electric current when the short circuit fault has caused the switching element of the U phase of the upper arm part of the inverter to which the short circuit element determination device of the embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the flow of an electric current when the short circuit fault has caused the switching element of the V phase of the upper arm part of the inverter to which the short circuit element determination device of the embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the flow of an electric current when the short circuit fault has caused the switching element of the W phase of the upper arm part of the inverter to which the short circuit element determination device of the embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the flow of an electric current when the short circuit fault has caused the switching element of the U phase of the lower arm part of the inverter to which the short circuit element determination device of the embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the flow of an electric current when the short circuit fault has caused the switching element of the V phase of the lower arm part of the inverter to which the short circuit element determination device of the embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the flow of an electric current when the short circuit fault has occurred in the switching element of the W phase of the lower arm part of the inverter to which the short circuit element determination device of the embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the waveform of the electric current of each connection line when the short circuit fault has caused the switching element of the U phase of the upper arm part of the inverter to which the short circuit element determination device of the embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the waveform of the electric current of each connection line when the short circuit fault has caused the switching element of the V phase of the upper arm part of the inverter to which the short circuit element determination device of the embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the waveform of the electric current of each connection line when the short circuit fault has occurred in the switching element of the W phase of the upper arm part of the inverter to which the short circuit element determination device of the embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the waveform of the electric current of each connection line when the short circuit fault has caused the switching element of the U phase of the lower arm part of the inverter to which the short circuit element determination device of the embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the waveform of the electric current of each connection line when the short circuit fault has caused the switching element of the V phase of the lower arm part of the inverter to which the short circuit element determination device of the embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the waveform of the electric current of each connection line when the short circuit fault has occurred in the switching element of the W phase of the lower arm part of the inverter to which the short circuit element determination device of the embodiment of the present invention is applied.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Motor generator drive system, 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20 Switching element, 13, 14, 17, 18, 21, 22 Free-wheeling diode, 23 Positive side power line, 24 Capacitor, 25 Negative side power line, 31 Motor generator, 32, 33, 34 coil, 35, 36, 37 connection line, 41 V-phase current sensor, 42 W-phase current sensor, 50 control unit, 60 short-circuit element determination device, 100 inverter.

Claims (2)

Inverter short-circuit element determination device that converts DC power into three-phase AC power by a plurality of switching elements and supplies it to a three-phase AC motor generator and converts the three-phase AC power generated by the three-phase AC motor generator into DC power. There,
Each current sensor attached to the connection line of any two of the phase connection lines connecting the inverter and each phase of the three-phase AC motor generator;
A control unit that performs on / off of each switching element and determination of a short-circuit element,
The control unit
Switching element cutoff means for turning off all switching elements;
When the current direction detected by each current sensor is the same, the switching element of the phase where each current sensor is not provided is short-circuited, and the current direction detected by each current sensor is different. A short-circuit element determining means for determining that the switching element of the phase having the larger absolute value of the current value is short-circuited;
A short-circuit element determination device comprising: The short-circuit element determination device according to claim 1,
The inverter is configured by connecting three switching elements in series and connecting three arm parts in parallel.
The short-circuit element determination means is
When the direction of the current detected by each current sensor is the direction from the three-phase AC motor generator to the inverter, the switching element on the positive electrode side of the DC power source among the switching elements of the phase not provided with the current sensor Are short-circuited and the direction of the current detected by each current sensor is the direction from the inverter to the three-phase AC motor generator, the switching element of the phase where no current sensor is provided, the negative side of the DC power supply It is determined that the switching element at is short-circuited,
Detected when the current direction detected by each current sensor is different and the current direction detected by the current sensor with the larger absolute value of the detected current value is the direction from the inverter to the three-phase AC motor generator Of the switching elements of the phase with the larger absolute value of the current value, it is determined that the switching element on the positive electrode side of the DC power supply is short-circuited,
Detected when the current direction detected by each current sensor is different and the current direction detected by the current sensor with the larger absolute value of the detected current value is the direction from the three-phase AC motor generator to the inverter Judging that the switching element on the negative electrode side of the DC power source is short-circuited among the switching elements of the phase with the larger absolute value of the current value,
A short-circuit element determination device.

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