JP2009133559A - Operation control device of storage water heater - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an operation control device of a storage water heater capable of coping with the case that a routine load is increased in an early period, and suppressing an unnecessary reheating operation. <P>SOLUTION: This storage water heater has a hot water storage tank, and a reheating operation means for supplying heated hot water to the hot water storage tank. The heater further comprises a cumulative load estimating means for estimating a cumulative load by that time at each prescribed time on the basis of actual load of the past several days, and a load detecting means for detecting an actual load by that time at each prescribed time. The actual load and an estimated cumulative load at a prescribed time later than the actual load are compared, and a reheating operation command signal is outputted to the reheating operation means when the actual load exceeds the estimated cumulative load at the prescribed time later than the actual time. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an operation control device for a hot water storage type hot water heater.

  As shown in FIG. 6, which is also a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, the hot water storage type water heater has a heat pump unit H and a tank unit T that stores hot water heated by the heat pump unit H. The tank unit T includes a hot water storage tank 3, a circulation path 12 connected to the hot water storage tank 3, and a heat exchange path 14 interposed in the circulation path 12. The heat exchange path 14 is used as a heat pump heating source. It is possible to perform an operation in which the low-temperature water heated from the hot water storage tank 3 and flowing out to the circulation path 12 is boiled and returned to the hot water storage tank 3. The hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 3 is supplied to a bathtub or the like (not shown).

  In this case, the hot water storage tank 3 is provided with a water supply port 5 on its bottom wall and a hot water supply port 6 on its upper wall. Then, tap water is supplied from the water supply port 5 to the hot water storage tank 3, and hot water is discharged from the hot water supply port 6 through the hot water supply channel 7. The hot water storage tank 3 has a water intake 10 at the bottom wall and a hot water inlet 11 at the top of the side wall (peripheral wall). The water intake 10 and the hot water inlet 11 are connected to each other through the circulation path 12. It is connected. The circulation path 12 is provided with a water circulation pump 13 and a heat exchange path 14. A water supply channel 8 is connected to the water supply port 5.

  Meanwhile, the hot water storage tank 3 includes a remaining hot water amount detecting means 18 comprising four remaining hot water amount detecting thermistors 18a, 18b, 18c and 18d arranged in a vertical direction at a predetermined pitch, a feed water temperature detecting means (water supply thermistor) 19, and Is provided. In addition, the circulation path 12 is provided with an incoming water temperature detecting means (incoming water thermistor) 20 on the upstream side of the heat exchange path 14, and an outlet hot water temperature detecting means (outlet hot water thermistor) 21 on the downstream side of the heat exchange path 14. It has been. Further, the hot water supply passage 7 is provided with a hot water supply temperature detecting means (hot water supply thermistor) 22 and a hot water supply amount measuring means (flow rate sensor) 23.

  The heat pump unit (heating source) H includes a refrigerant circuit, and the refrigerant circuit includes a compressor 35, a water heat exchanger 26 constituting the heat exchange path 14, an electric expansion valve (decompression mechanism) 27, and air. A heat exchanger (evaporator) 28 is connected in order. That is, the discharge pipe 29 of the compressor 25 is connected to the water heat exchanger 26, the water heat exchanger 26 and the electric expansion valve 27 are connected by the refrigerant passage 30, and the electric expansion valve 27 and the evaporator 28 are connected to the refrigerant. The evaporator 31 and the compressor 25 are connected to each other through a passage 31 and a refrigerant passage 33 in which an accumulator 32 is interposed. Thereby, when the compressor 25 is driven, the water flowing through the heat exchange path 14 is heated in the water heat exchanger 26. The evaporator 28 is provided with a fan 34 that adjusts the ability of the evaporator 28.

  According to the water heater configured as described above, when the compressor 25 is driven and the water circulation pump 13 is driven (actuated), the stored water (low temperature water) is drawn from the water intake 10 provided at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 3. ) Flows out and flows through the heat exchange path 14 of the circulation path 12. At this time, the hot water is heated (boiling) by the water heat exchanger 26 and returned to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 3 from the hot water inlet 11. By continuously performing such an operation, hot hot water can be stored in the hot water storage tank 3. In this case, since the current power rate system is set to be cheaper than the daytime unit price, this operation is mainly performed during the nighttime period (for example, the time from 23:00 to 7:00 the next day) when it is low. Obi).

In the hot water storage type water heater as described above, it is preferable to reduce the amount of boiling water during the night time as much as possible from the viewpoint of improving the energy efficiency by reducing the heat radiation loss during the hot water storage. For this reason, the proposal which grasps | ascertains the prediction load of the day and carries out the night boiling of the amount of hot water corresponding to prediction load is made | formed (for example, refer patent document 1, 2). On the other hand, if the amount of boiling water is reduced to reduce the surplus heat, there will be a problem of running out of hot water when using hot water during the daytime, and measures to prevent this have been proposed (Patent Document 3). reference). In this proposal, when the predicted load is calculated based on the past consumption record in each time zone, and the predicted load after that is more than the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank at that point in time The control is performed to perform the driving operation.
JP 2007-032879 A JP 2007-120817 A JP 2007-032880 A

  By the way, in the above-described conventional hot water storage type hot water heater, the largest amount of hot water is temporarily consumed when the bath is filled. If this hot water bathing is suddenly performed at around 17:00 on a certain day in a situation where it is routinely performed from 19:00 to 20:00, the above-mentioned patent document No. 3 cannot be dealt with at all. This is because the amount of heat held in the hot water storage tank has been significantly reduced at the time when hot water filling has been completed, and is considered to be below the predicted load thereafter. This is because the predicted load after that still includes a load commensurate with the hot water bath. As described above, the tracking control in the cited document 3 can cope with an unusual and sudden increase in load, but a so-called daily increase in load has occurred early (advanced). Use) has the disadvantage that it cannot be dealt with. As a result, in Patent Document 3, excess hot water that is not necessary is chased away, resulting in energy loss.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional drawbacks, and the object thereof can be dealt with even in a case where daily load increase is performed at an early stage, and is unnecessary. It is an object of the present invention to provide an operation control device for a hot water storage type hot water heater capable of suppressing a long-running operation.

The operation control device for a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1 is a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus having a hot water storage tank and reheating operation means for supplying hot water heated to the hot water storage tank.
Cumulative load prediction means for predicting the cumulative load up to that time every predetermined time based on the past several days of actual load, and load detection means for detecting the actual load up to that time every predetermined time, The actual load is compared with the predicted cumulative load ahead of the predetermined time, and when the actual load exceeds the predicted cumulative load ahead of the predetermined time, a repulsive operation command signal is output to the reckless driving means. It is said.

  The operation control device of the hot water storage hot water supply apparatus according to claim 2 includes a remaining hot water heat amount detection means of the hot water storage tank, and the amount of heat supplied to the hot water storage tank by the reheating operation is as follows when the reheating operation command signal is output: Is also characterized in that the amount of heat supplied is in accordance with the difference between the predicted accumulated load of a predetermined time ahead and the amount of remaining hot water at the time of output of the reheating operation command signal.

  The operation control apparatus for a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the cumulative load predicting means obtains the actual load up to that time every predetermined time and stores it for the past several days. An average value of actual loads is obtained, and a predicted cumulative load for each predetermined time is set based on the assumption that the maximum load for the past several days is consumed according to the ratio of the average values.

  The operation control apparatus of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 4 is characterized in that the predicted cumulative load of the predetermined time ahead is a predicted cumulative load of 3 to 6 hours ahead.

  The operation control apparatus for a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 5 is a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus having a hot water storage tank and a reheating operation means for supplying hot water heated to the hot water storage tank at every predetermined time. Remaining hot water calorie predicting means for predicting the amount of hot water heat based on the consumption results of the past several days, and remaining hot water calorie detecting means for detecting the remaining hot water calorific value at that time for each predetermined time. And the predicted remaining hot water calorie after a predetermined time before that, and when the remaining hot water calorie becomes less than the predicted remaining hot water calorie after a predetermined time, an operation command signal is output to the reheating operation means. It is a feature.

  The operation control device of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 6 is configured such that the amount of heat supplied to the hot water storage tank by the reheating operation is a predicted remaining hot water heat amount a predetermined time before the reheating operation command signal, It is characterized in that the amount of heat supplied is in accordance with the difference from the amount of remaining hot water at the time of output of the reheating operation command signal.

  The operation control device for a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the remaining hot water heat amount predicting means obtains an average value of the actual remaining hot water heat amount for each predetermined time in the past several days, and according to a ratio of the average value, It is characterized by setting the predicted remaining hot water heat amount that the maximum heat consumption per operating day is consumed.

  The operation control apparatus of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 8 is characterized in that the predicted remaining hot water heat amount after a predetermined time is a predicted remaining hot water heat amount after 3 to 6 hours.

  The operation control device of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 9 sets a margin heat amount as a margin for preventing hot water shortage in accordance with variations in the actual load on each operation day of the past several days, It is characterized by supplying margin heat at the time of reheating operation.

  In the hot water storage type water heater of claims 1 to 9, the actual load is compared with the predicted cumulative load ahead of a predetermined time, and when the actual load exceeds the predicted cumulative load ahead of the predetermined time, it is retreated. Since the operation is performed, when a so-called daily load increase is performed early (use ahead of schedule), the chasing operation can be avoided. In other words, the comparison target with the actual load is the predicted cumulative load ahead of a predetermined time, but this predicted cumulative load should include the advance usage. As a result, it is possible to cope with the case where the daily load increases at an early stage, and it is possible to suppress the unnecessary driving operation, thereby improving the energy loss efficiency. be able to.

  Next, a specific embodiment of the operation control device for the hot water storage type hot water heater of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The hot water storage type water heater is the same as that described with reference to FIG. In this hot water storage type water heater, A: a boiling operation for securing the necessary amount of heat in the hot water storage tank 3 and B: a reheating operation for compensating for the insufficient heat amount in the daytime time zone are performed. The boiling operation is performed by both the night boiling operation in the night time zone (23:00 pm to 7:00 am the next day) and the daytime boiling operation in the other time zone. Here, from 5 am on a specific day to 5 am on the next day is referred to as one day (one hot water supply day), and hot water supply control is performed in units of this one day.

  First, A: A boiling operation for securing the necessary amount of heat in the hot water storage tank 3 will be described. This boiling operation is performed by determining the “required load total amount” necessary for the day at 5 am and driving the heat pump H so as to obtain a necessary amount of heat. This boiling operation is performed mainly during the night time. The “total required load” is the sum of the “predicted load” and the “margin heat amount”. "Margin heat amount" means that the actual load consumed varies, and when the predetermined amount of heat is consumed, the amount of remaining hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 is near zero, and the remaining hot water amount display on the remote control becomes zero. It is set for the purpose of reducing anxiety to the user.

  The “predicted load” is obtained by applying a weight to the maximum actual load among the actual loads per day for the past seven days. The actual load is measured by an actual load detection unit constituted by a hot water supply temperature detection unit (hot water supply thermistor) 22 and a hot water supply amount measurement unit (flow rate sensor) 23. Here, the weight is determined by the load distribution for 7 days. As shown in FIG. 1, as the load distribution, distribution A (when the load distribution is averaged over 7 days), distribution B (when the load distribution is scattered over 7 days), distribution C (large load) 1 day, the load for the remaining 6 days is average, and the day of maximum load is the previous day), distribution D (the day with the highest load is 1 day, the load for the remaining 6 days is average) And when the maximum load date is before the previous day). Although FIG. 1 shows a flowchart, it is determined whether or not the load for seven days is average (step S1), and whether or not the day with a large load is one day and the remaining six days are average ( In step S2), the distributions A to D are determined by sequentially determining whether or not the day with the maximum load is the previous day (step S3), and the weights are appropriately determined accordingly.

  Next, the “margin heat amount” will be described. The “margin heat amount” is set according to the distributions A to D. Specifically, in the case of the distributions A to C, a predetermined “margin heat amount” is added to the distributions. In the case of D, it is not necessary to add a “margin heat amount”. In the case of distribution D, that is, when the day of heavy load is 1 day, the load of the remaining 6 days is average, and the day of maximum load is before the previous day, the predicted load is already at the maximum load. This is because the maximum load is considered to have occurred suddenly, so it should be a predicted load with a sufficient margin, and it is not necessary to give any more margin.

  Then, the sum of the “predicted load” and the “margin heat amount” is determined as the “required load total amount”, and the boiling operation is performed so as to obtain a heat amount corresponding to this. It should be noted that the “necessary load total amount (the sum of the predicted load and the margin heat amount)” is determined at 5:00 am on that day. That is, the “necessary load total amount” is determined during the night boiling operation. Since the night boiling operation is performed based on the “total required load” of the previous day, it is natural that the “total required load” at 5 am will be excessive or insufficient. If the “predictive load” is insufficient, take appropriate measures by boiling in the daytime. If the “margin calorie” is insufficient, follow-up operation to compensate for the insufficient heat during the daytime period described later. Make up inside. The night boiling operation is started so that the “necessary load amount” determined on the previous day is obtained at 7:00 am by the peak shift.

  Next, the chasing operation will be described. This operation has a cumulative load prediction means for predicting the cumulative load from 6:00 am to every hour from 6:00 am based on the actual load for the past seven days, with the disclosed time being 5:00 am. The accumulated load predicting means obtains the actual load up to that time for each predetermined time, stores it for the past seven days, obtains the average value of the actual load for each predetermined time, and determines the past according to the ratio of this average value. Assuming that the maximum load for 7 days is consumed, a predicted cumulative load from 5 am every predetermined time is set. For this reason, load detection means for detecting the actual load from 6:00 am to every hour from 6:00 am is provided. This load detection means is constituted by hot water supply temperature detection means (hot water supply thermistor) 22 and hot water supply amount measurement means (flow rate sensor) 23. Then, the detected actual load at every predetermined time is compared with the predicted accumulated load 4 hours ahead, and when the actual load exceeds the estimated accumulated load 4 hours ahead, the renewal operation means is retreated. A command signal is output. The amount of heat supplied to the hot water storage tank 3 by the reheating operation is calculated as follows: when the reheating operation command signal is output, the predicted accumulated load 4 hours ahead of that and the remaining hot water heat amount when the reheating operation command signal is output. The amount of heat supplied according to the difference.

  First, the accumulated load prediction means that is the premise of this operation will be described more specifically. As shown in FIG. 2, load results A1 to A24 are measured every hour from 5:00 am. This measurement is performed over 7 days (A to G). And the load performance of each time slot | zone is averaged for every time slot | zone, and the average value P1-P24 is calculated | required. Next, the total QP of the average values P1 to P24 and the load results QA to QG per day are obtained for each day. Then, the maximum load results Qmax in the load results QA to QG of each day are obtained, and the average loads P1 to P24 are multiplied by Qmax / QP to obtain the predicted load for each time zone. Then, the predicted accumulated load is calculated by accumulating these predicted loads every hour from 6 am. This is schematically shown by the broken line in FIG. The maximum load record Qmax is the “predicted load” during the boiling operation.

  In the above description, the actual load for 1 hour is first obtained for each time, and based on this, the predicted load for each hour is calculated at each time, and the predicted load is accumulated by each time later. Although the accumulated load is obtained, the accumulated actual load so far may be obtained at each time first, and the estimated accumulated load may be obtained later based on this.

  Further, the load detection means detects the actual load until that time every hour from 6:00 am with 5:00 am of the day as the start time. This is schematically shown in FIG. The solid line.

  Then, for each time, the actual load up to that time and the predicted cumulative load are compared. However, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the actual load is detected at that time. A value is used, but the predicted cumulative load is a predicted cumulative load of 4 hours ahead. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, when the actual load exceeds the predicted accumulated load of 4 hours ahead (step S11), a reheating operation command signal is output to the heat pump H as the reheating operation means. When this command signal is output and the remaining amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 is likely to be consumed within 2 hours thereafter (step S12), the reheating operation is started (step S13). In step S12, if there is a margin in the amount of remaining hot water in the hot water storage tank 3, the process proceeds from step S14 to step S12 until the remaining amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 is likely to be consumed within 2 hours. stand by.

  Then, when the reheating operation is performed, the amount of heat supplied to the hot water storage tank 3 is, as shown in FIG. The amount of heat supplied corresponds to the difference from the amount of remaining hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 when the reheating operation command signal is output. The amount of remaining hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 is determined by the remaining hot water amount detection means 18 including four remaining hot water amount detection thermistors 18a, 18b, 18c and 18d arranged in the hot water storage tank 3 at a predetermined pitch in the vertical direction.

  In addition, during this chasing operation, the shortage of “margin heat amount” due to the distribution change (particularly, the change from distribution D to distribution C) determined at 5 am is also chased. In addition, when peak shift is not adopted in the night boiling operation, there is a time margin until 7 am, and all or part of the shortage of “margin heat amount” within this time. To boil. In this case, if there is a further shortage, the vehicle is re chased during the chasing operation as described above.

It is a flowchart figure for demonstrating the determination method of the load distribution in embodiment of the operation control apparatus of the hot water storage type water heater of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the calculation method of the prediction accumulation load in the said embodiment. In the said embodiment, it is a graph which shows the relationship between performance load and prediction accumulation load with time. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the judgment procedure of whether to perform a chasing operation in the said embodiment. It is a functional block diagram which shows the control structure of the said embodiment. It is a whole circuit diagram of the said embodiment and a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

  3 .... Hot water storage tank, 18 .... Remaining hot water detection means, 22 .... Hot water temperature detection means (hot water thermistor), 23 ... Hot water measurement means (flow sensor)

Claims (9)

  In a hot water storage water heater having a hot water storage tank and a reheating operation means for supplying hot water heated to the hot water storage tank, the cumulative load up to that time is predicted based on the actual load of the past several days at a predetermined time. It has cumulative load prediction means and load detection means for detecting the actual load up to that time at a predetermined time. The actual load is compared with the predicted cumulative load ahead of a predetermined time, and the actual load is predetermined. An operation control device for a hot water storage type hot-water supply device, which outputs a reheating operation command signal to a reheating operation means when a predicted accumulated load ahead of time is exceeded.   A hot water storage tank residual heat quantity detection means is provided, and the amount of heat supplied to the hot water storage tank by the reheating operation is determined by a predicted cumulative load ahead of a predetermined time and a reheating operation command when the reheating operation command signal is output. 2. The operation control device for a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the supply heat amount is in accordance with the difference from the remaining hot water heat amount at the time of signal output.   The cumulative load predicting means obtains the actual load up to that time every predetermined time, stores it over the past several days, obtains the average value of the actual load every predetermined time, and according to the ratio of this average value The operation control device for a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a predicted cumulative load for each predetermined time is set assuming that the maximum load of the past several days is consumed.   The operation control device for a hot water storage hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the predicted cumulative load ahead of the predetermined time is a predicted cumulative load ahead of 3 to 6 hours.   In a hot water storage type water heater having a hot water storage tank and a reheating operation means for supplying hot water heated to the hot water storage tank, the amount of remaining hot water at that time is predicted based on the consumption results of the past several days. A remaining hot water calorie predicting means, and a remaining hot water calorific value detecting means for detecting the remaining hot water calorific value at a predetermined time at each predetermined time, , And an operation command signal is output to the reheating operation means when the remaining hot water heat amount is smaller than the predicted remaining hot water heat amount for a predetermined time ahead.   The amount of heat supplied to the hot water storage tank by the above-mentioned reheating operation is calculated between the predicted remaining hot water heat amount of a predetermined time ahead when the reheating operation command signal is output and the remaining hot water heat amount when the reheating operation command signal is output. 6. The operation control apparatus for a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the supply heat quantity is determined in accordance with the difference.   The remaining hot water heat amount predicting means obtains an average value of the actual remaining hot water heat amount every predetermined time in the past several days, and predicts that the maximum consumed heat amount per operating day in the past several days is consumed according to the ratio of the average value. The hot water quantity of heat is set, The operation control apparatus of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 5 or 6.   The operation control device for a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the predicted remaining hot water amount after a predetermined time is a predicted remaining hot water amount after 3 to 6 hours.   A margin heat amount is set as a margin for preventing hot water shortage according to the variation of the actual load on each operation day of the past several days, and margin heat is also supplied during the reheating operation. The operation control apparatus of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 2 or 6.