JP2009127794A - Automatic transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an automatic transmission which has a shift mechanism and a differential device in a transmission case and which can prevent the differential device from being seized by guiding the oil from a hydraulic control device surely to the differential device side without degrading the layout. <P>SOLUTION: A generally cylindrical tubular member 23 axially extending through the axis of a counter shaft 2 is connected to the intermediate part of a case oil passage 21. The tubular member 23 is an oil passage allowing the oil to flow in the counter shaft 2. The tubular member is inserted and fixed, at both ends, to the recessed part 13e of a gear casing 13 and the recessed part 12e of a front cover 12, respectively. Therefore, the tubular member is fixed between the gear casing 13 and the front cover 12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an automatic transmission, and more particularly, to an automatic transmission that includes a transmission mechanism and a differential device in a transmission case and uses oil supplied from a hydraulic control device to improve the lubricity of the differential device. .

  Conventionally, an automatic transmission for a horizontally mounted engine is known. In this type of automatic transmission, a transmission mechanism and a differential device are generally housed in a transmission case.

  As described above, in the case where the differential device is accommodated in the transmission case, the oil in the transmission case is guided to the differential device in order to prevent the differential device from being seized during sports running. It is necessary to improve lubricity.

  For example, Patent Document 1 below discloses an automatic transmission that guides oil into a differential device by using a lifted oil of a counter-driven gear installed on a counter shaft.

  However, when the differential gear is lubricated using the gear lifting oil at all times, there is a problem that the oil agitation resistance of the gear increases and the fuel consumption deteriorates.

  Therefore, for example, as in the automatic transmission of Patent Document 2 below, by using a hydraulic control device, the oil flow rate is increased during sports running and the oil flow rate is decreased during steady running. In order to prevent seizure of the differential, the oil agitation resistance of the gear is reduced.

JP 2003-106414 A JP-A-1-105038

  Certainly, the oil amount in the transmission case can be changed by using the hydraulic control device as in the automatic transmission described in Patent Document 2, and therefore, the seizure prevention of the differential device, It seems that the effect of reducing the oil stirring resistance of the gear can be obtained.

  However, even if it is configured to lubricate the differential gear by simply using the gear lifting oil, it does not know where the oil that has been lifted will be scattered, so the differential gear will be surely seized. It may not be possible to prevent.

  Further, since the valve body constituting the hydraulic control device is installed on the lower surface of the transmission case on the transmission mechanism side or the like, even if the oil amount is simply increased, the oil amount on the transmission mechanism side is increased. There is a possibility that oil cannot be supplied to the differential side beyond the final ring gear of the diameter.

  For this reason, for example, it is conceivable to employ a structure in which a separate piping is provided to connect the hydraulic control device and the differential device, bypassing the outside of the transmission case.

  However, if piping is provided outside the transmission case, there is a risk of oil leakage and a problem that the layout space deteriorates.

  Accordingly, the present invention provides an automatic transmission that includes a transmission mechanism and a differential device in a transmission case, in which there is no risk of oil leakage and the oil from the hydraulic control device is reliably supplied without deteriorating the layout. An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic transmission that can be guided to a differential device side to prevent seizure of the differential device or the like.

  The automatic transmission according to the present invention includes a transmission mechanism, a fluid transmission device, a first case that houses the transmission mechanism, a second case that houses the fluid transmission device and is connected to the first case, A differential device whose end is supported by the first case and the other end is supported by the second case, and a drive gear for driving the differential device are fixed, and one end is supported by the first case, A hydraulic control device provided with a drive shaft having the other end supported by a second case, the hydraulic control device being installed in the first case and supplying lubricating oil to the differential device; and the hydraulic control device And a lubricating oil passage that guides the lubricating oil from the first case side to the second case side through the inside of the drive shaft. It is set.

According to the above configuration, the lubricating oil passage that guides the lubricating oil from the hydraulic control device to the differential device is set so as to pass through the drive shaft from the first case side and communicate with the second case side. Become.
Therefore, the lubricating oil supplied from the hydraulic control device can be supplied to the second case side while the lubricating oil passage is effectively installed using the dead space inside the drive shaft and is short and compact. .

In one embodiment of the present invention, the drive shaft includes a shaft core hole penetrating through the shaft, the lubricating oil passage is inserted through the shaft core hole, and both ends of the first case and the second case are provided. It is comprised with the tubular member fixed to.
According to the said structure, a lubricating oil path is comprised by the tubular member fixed to the 1st case and 2nd case separate from a drive shaft.
For this reason, the lubricating oil passage maintains its fixed state even when the drive shaft is driven to rotate, so that no oil leaks from the lubricating oil passage, and the lubricating oil is reliably supplied to the second case side. it can.
In addition, since there is no need to provide a seal member or the like separately for the drive shaft, rotational resistance does not occur on the drive shaft.
Therefore, even when the lubricating oil passage is arranged using the inside of the drive shaft, the drive shaft can be smoothly rotated while preventing oil leakage.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a ring gear fixed to the differential device and meshing with the drive gear is provided, and the lubricating oil passage is lubricated toward a meshing portion of the drive gear and the ring gear. Lubricating oil injection means for injecting oil is provided.
According to the above configuration, the lubricating oil is injected from the lubricating oil injection means toward the meshing portion between the drive gear and the ring gear.
For this reason, the lubricity of the meshing part of the drive gear and the ring gear can be improved.
Therefore, even when the amount of oil that is scraped by the gear is small, seizure of the meshing portion between the drive gear and the ring gear can be prevented.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the lubricating oil passage is provided with lubricating oil injection means for injecting lubricating oil toward the pinion shaft of the differential.
According to the above configuration, the lubricating oil is injected from the lubricating oil injection means toward the pinion shaft of the differential device.
For this reason, the lubricity of the pinion shaft of the differential can be enhanced.
Therefore, even if the amount of the oil that is scraped by the gear is small, it is possible to prevent the differential device from being seized.

In one embodiment of the present invention, one end of the drive shaft is supported by the first case via a first bearing, and the other end of the drive shaft is supported by the second case via a second bearing. The tubular member is provided with a lubricating oil supply port for supplying lubricating oil toward the first bearing and the second bearing.
According to the above configuration, the lubricating oil is supplied from the lubricating oil supply port of the tubular member toward the first bearing and the second bearing.
For this reason, the lubricity of the 1st bearing and 2nd bearing which support a drive shaft can be improved using a tubular member.
Therefore, seizure of the first bearing and the second bearing of the drive shaft can be prevented.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the lubricating oil passage is provided with a distribution mechanism that is installed in the second case and distributes the supplied lubricating oil.
According to the above configuration, the supplied lubricating oil is temporarily accumulated on the second case side by the distribution mechanism, and then distributed to locations where lubrication is necessary.
For this reason, it is possible to supply the lubricating oil in an appropriate amount to the lubricating part on the second case side where it is difficult to supply the lubricating oil, and it is possible to improve the lubricity of the lubricating part on the second case side.
Therefore, it is possible to efficiently distribute a small amount of lubricating oil on the second case side where it is difficult to lubricate, and to prevent seizure of the lubricating portion on the second case side.

According to the present invention, the lubricant oil is supplied to the second case side from the hydraulic control device while the lubricant oil passage is effectively installed using the dead space inside the drive shaft and is short and compact. be able to.
Therefore, according to the present invention, in an automatic transmission having a transmission mechanism and a differential device in a transmission case, there is no risk of oil leakage, and the oil from the hydraulic control device is reliably supplied without deteriorating the layout. By guiding to the differential device side, it is possible to prevent seizure of the differential device or the like.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an automatic transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part near a differential device of the automatic transmission, and FIG. 3 is a view of a banjo bolt and a banjo joint as oil distribution mechanisms It is a disassembled perspective view. The following description will be made with the engine side as the front end side and the non-engine side as the rear end side.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an automatic transmission T is disposed on the side of the engine E (in the vehicle width direction). The automatic transmission T includes an input shaft 1 disposed on the same axis as a crankshaft (not shown) of the engine E, a counter shaft 2 disposed in parallel with the input shaft 1, and these shafts. This is an automatic transmission T for a horizontally mounted engine having a so-called three-axis configuration, which includes an axle 3 arranged in parallel.

  On the input shaft 1 of the automatic transmission T, a transmission gear unit 4 that achieves the first to sixth gears and the reverse gear is installed. The transmission gear unit 4 is composed of a planetary gear set, a multi-plate clutch, a multi-plate brake, and the like, but is not directly related to the present invention, and therefore is shown only by an outline line (dashed line) in FIG.

  A torque converter C as a fluid transmission device is installed at the front end position of the input shaft 1. Since this torque converter C is not directly related to the present invention, it is shown only by the outline line (dashed line).

  At the center position of the input shaft 1, a counter drive gear 5 that outputs the driving torque shifted by the transmission gear unit 4 to the counter shaft 2 side is installed. The counter drive gear 5 is supported by an intermediate wall 6 that is a transmission case side member.

  A counter driven gear 7 that meshes with the counter drive gear 5 is installed on the counter shaft 2. Further, a final drive gear 8 is provided at a position adjacent to the counter driven gear 7.

  Furthermore, a differential 9 is installed on the axle 3. A final ring gear 10 that meshes with the final drive gear 8 is fastened and fixed to the outer periphery of the differential 9.

  As is well known, the differential 9 includes a differential case 90, a pinion shaft 91 provided therein, and a plurality of bevel gears 92.

  The components such as the transmission gear unit 4 are accommodated in the transmission case 11. The transmission case 11 includes a front cover 12 that houses the torque converter C, a gear casing 13 that houses the transmission gear unit 4, and the like. An opening 13 a on the front end side of the gear casing 13 is formed at the front cover 12. The interior is configured to be a sealed space S by being fastened and fixed so as to be covered with.

The aforementioned shafts 1, 2, and 3 are pivotally supported by the gear casing 13 and the front cover 12 so as to be rotatable.
First, the counter shaft 2 is pivotally supported by the first support recess 13b of the gear casing 13 through the first bearing member B1 at the rear end, and the second end of the front cover 12 through the second bearing member B2 at the front end. It is pivotally supported by the support recess 12b. Further, the axle 3 is also pivotally supported by the third support cylindrical portion 13c of the gear casing 13 through the third bearing member B3 and the front end of the differential shaft 9 at the front end through the fourth bearing member B4. The cover 12 is pivotally supported by the fourth support cylindrical portion 12c.

  In addition, a substantially box-shaped valve body 14 serving as a hydraulic control device is installed at the lower part of the gear casing 13 (on the rear side in FIG. 1). As is well known, the valve body 14 constitutes a hydraulic control circuit that supplies hydraulic oil (oil) to the multi-plate brake and the multi-plate clutch.

  Incidentally, since the automatic transmission T is a rotating body that always rotates, it is necessary to ensure lubricity. In particular, in the differential gear 9, since a large operation occurs during sports running and there is a risk of the seizure of gears and bearing members, it is necessary to reliably ensure lubricity.

  For this reason, in the automatic transmission T, it is necessary to supply the oil in the automatic transmission T to a place where lubrication is required, such as the differential gear 9, to prevent seizure of the gear and the bearing member.

  However, if the oil in the automatic transmission T is simply increased, the oil agitation resistance of the gear increases, which may lead to a deterioration in fuel consumption.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the oil pressure control by the valve body 14 described above is used to supply the oil to the necessary place when necessary so as to prevent the seizure of the gear and the like and improve the fuel consumption. I have to.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, a characteristic structure is adopted for the supply structure to the front cover 12 side, in which it is difficult to supply oil from the valve body 14. This supply structure will be described with reference to FIG.

  Oil is supplied from the valve body 14 installed in the lower part of the gear casing 13 through a case oil passage 21 that is an oil passage formed in the rear end bottom wall 13d of the gear casing 13. The case oil passage 21 is formed so as to extend in a direction substantially orthogonal to the counter shaft 2.

  A case side guide pipe 22 that guides oil is connected between the drive shaft 31 on the rear end side of the differential 9 and the differential case 90 at the end of the case oil passage 21 on the axle side. A case-side injection nozzle 22 a is provided at the tip of the case-side guide pipe 22 so that oil is injected to the rear end side of the differential device 9.

  Further, a substantially cylindrical tubular member 23 penetrating the inside of the counter shaft 2 in the axial direction is connected to an intermediate portion of the case oil passage 21. The tubular member 23 is an oil passage through which oil flows in the counter shaft 2. Both ends of the tubular member 23 are inserted into and fixed to the recessed portion 13 e of the gear casing 13 and the recessed portion 12 e of the front cover 12. It is fixed between the front covers 12.

  Further, the tubular member 23 is installed so as to penetrate through the counter shaft 2 by inserting the shaft core hole 24 formed in the counter shaft 2, and even if the counter shaft 2 rotates, the tubular member 23 itself Is configured not to rotate.

  On the downstream side of the tubular member 23, a cover oil passage 25 extending in the front cover 12 in a direction substantially orthogonal to the counter shaft 2 is formed. The cover oil passage 25 constitutes an oil passage that guides oil supplied from the tubular member 23 to the downstream side.

  A so-called banjo-shaped oil distribution mechanism 26 is connected to the end of the cover oil passage 25 on the axle side. As shown in FIG. 3, the banjo-shaped oil distribution mechanism 26 includes a banjo bolt 26A and a banjo joint 26B.

  First, the banjo bolt 26A includes a bolt head portion 26Ab and a screw shaft portion 26Ab. Among these, the screw shaft portion 26Ab is formed with an oil supply path 26C extending in the axial direction. The oil supply path 26 </ b> C is provided with an inflow port 26 </ b> Ca that opens at the lower end and an outflow port 26 </ b> Cb that opens at the upper end side. Further, around the outlet of the screw shaft portion 26Ab, a concave portion 26D is formed which is recessed by one step from the screw portion 26Ac.

  The banjo joint 26B includes a cylindrical main body portion 26Ba and branch pipe portions 26Bb... Radially extending in three directions. Of these, the inner peripheral surface 26Bc of the main body portion 26Ba forms a closed space together with the concave portion 26D of the above-described screw shaft portion 26Ab to constitute an “oil reservoir” (not shown). Further, each of the branch pipe portions 26Bb is formed with a communication passage 26E extending to the inner peripheral surface 26Bc of the main body portion 26B so that the oil in the “oil reservoir” is guided into the branch pipe portions 26Bb. Yes.

  In the banjo-shaped oil distribution mechanism 26 configured as described above, the oil supplied to the front cover 12 side (front end side) through the tubular member 23 is distributed to an area where lubrication is necessary in an appropriate amount. Yes.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, three guide pipes 27, 28, and 29 are connected to the oil distribution mechanism 26 so that the oil is guided to three places where oil lubrication is necessary. Yes.

  First, as a first guide pipe, a first guide pipe 27 that guides oil is connected to the meshing portion Z of the final drive gear 8 and the final ring gear 10. A first injection nozzle 27 a that injects oil toward the meshing portion Z is provided at the tip of the first guide pipe 27.

  Further, as a second guide pipe, a second guide pipe 28 for guiding oil is connected to the pinion shaft 91 of the differential 9. A second injection nozzle 28 a that injects oil toward the pinion shaft 91 is also provided at the tip of the second guide pipe 28.

  Further, a third guide pipe 29 that guides oil is connected between the drive shaft 32 on the front end side of the differential 9 and the differential case 90 as a third guide pipe. A third injection nozzle 29 a that injects oil to the front end side of the differential 9 is also provided at the tip of the third guide pipe 29.

  Thus, by connecting the three guide pipes 27, 28, and 29 to the oil distribution mechanism 26 and supplying the oil to a desired location with each guide pipe, the large-diameter final ring gear 10 can be provided. As a result, oil lubrication on the front cover 12 side where oil supply is difficult can be performed accurately.

  Further, bearing lubrication holes 23a... Opening in the radial direction are formed in the vicinity of both end portions of the tubular member 23, respectively. The bearing lubrication hole 23a is provided so as to guide part of the oil supplied through the tubular member 23 to the first bearing member B1 and the second bearing member B2.

  Since both the first bearing member B1 and the second bearing member B2 are composed of tapered roller bearings having a large diameter at the shaft center side, when the counter shaft 2 rotates, negative pressure is generated in the vicinity of the bearing lubrication hole 23a. As a result, the oil is sucked out, and the oil is supplied to the first bearing member B1 and the second bearing member B2.

  Thus, by supplying the oil using the tubular member 23, not only the lubricity on the front cover 12 side but also the lubricity of the bearing portions (B1, B2) of the counter shaft 2 can be improved. .

Next, the effect of this embodiment comprised in this way is demonstrated.
The automatic transmission T according to this embodiment includes a valve body 14 installed in the gear casing 13 and an oil passage for guiding oil from the valve body 14 to the differential 9 side. The oil passage includes a gear body. A tubular member 23 that guides oil to the front cover 12 side through the inside of the counter shaft 2 from the casing 13 side is provided.

As a result, the oil guided from the valve body 14 to the differential 9 side is supplied to the front cover 12 side through the inside of the counter shaft 2.
For this reason, the oil passage is effectively made use of the dead space inside the countershaft 2 to make the oil passage from the valve body 14 to the front cover 12 side, which is difficult to supply, while being short and compact. Can be reliably supplied.
Therefore, according to this embodiment, since the oil passage can be formed while avoiding the final ring gear 10 while forming the oil passage in the transmission case 11, there is no risk of oil leakage and the layout is not deteriorated. The oil from the valve body 14 can be reliably guided to the front cover 12 side to prevent the differential 9 and the like from being seized.

  Further, in this embodiment, the counter shaft 2 is provided with a shaft core hole 24 penetrating through the shaft, and a tubular member 23 is installed so as to be inserted through the shaft core hole 24, and the tubular member 23 is connected to the gear casing 13 and the front. It is fixed to the cover 12.

For this reason, the tubular member 23 maintains a fixed state even when the counter shaft 2 is driven to rotate, so that oil leakage does not occur from the tubular member 23 and oil is reliably supplied to the front cover 12 side. it can.
Further, since it is not necessary to separately provide a seal member or the like for the counter shaft 2, no rotational resistance is generated in the counter shaft 2.
Therefore, even when the oil passage is configured using the inside of the countershaft 2, oil leakage can be prevented and the countershaft 2 can be smoothly rotated.

  Further, in this embodiment, a first injection nozzle 27 a that injects oil toward the meshing portion Z between the final drive gear 8 and the final ring gear 10 is provided.

For this reason, the lubricity of the meshing portion Z between the final drive gear 8 and the final ring gear 10 can be improved.
Therefore, even if the amount of oil scraped by the gear is small, seizure of the meshing portion Z between the final drive gear 8 and the final ring gear 10 can be prevented.

In this embodiment, a second injection nozzle 28 a that injects oil toward the pinion shaft 91 of the differential 9 is provided.
For this reason, the lubricity of the pinion shaft 91 of the differential 9 can be enhanced.
Therefore, even if the amount of the oil that is scraped by the gear is small, the differential 9 can be prevented from being seized.

Further, in this embodiment, bearing lubrication holes 23a... For supplying oil are provided in the tubular member 23 toward the first bearing member B1 and the second bearing member B2.
For this reason, the lubricity of the 1st bearing member B1 and the 2nd bearing member B2 which support the counter shaft 2 can be improved using the tubular member 23 which penetrates the counter shaft 2. FIG.
Therefore, seizure of the first bearing member B1 and the second bearing member B2 of the counter shaft 2 can be prevented.

In this embodiment, the front cover 12 is provided with an oil distribution mechanism 26 that distributes the oil supplied to the front cover 12 to an appropriate position.
As a result, the oil supplied to the front cover 12 side by the oil distribution mechanism 26 is temporarily accumulated on the front cover 12 side, and then distributed to places where lubrication is required.
For this reason, it is possible to supply the oil in an appropriate amount to the lubrication location on the front cover 12 side where it is difficult to supply oil, and to prevent seizure of the lubrication location on the front cover 12 side.
Therefore, it is possible to efficiently distribute a small amount of oil on the front cover 12 side where lubrication is difficult, thereby improving lubricity.

As described above, in the correspondence between the configuration of the present invention and the above-described embodiment,
The speed change mechanism of the present invention corresponds to the speed change gear unit 4 of the embodiment,
Similarly,
The first case corresponds to the gear casing 13,
The second case corresponds to the front cover 12,
The drive gear corresponds to the final drive gear 8,
The hydraulic control device corresponds to the valve body 14,
The drive shaft corresponds to the counter shaft 2,
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but includes embodiments applied to all automatic transmissions.

  In the present embodiment, the tubular member 23 is used to provide the oil passage inside the counter shaft 2. However, the tubular member 23 may be eliminated and the shaft core hole 24 itself of the counter shaft 2 may be used as the oil passage. Moreover, it is good also as an oil path using the hole which penetrates the axis | shaft which drives the final ring gear 10 provided in the differential gear 9 other than the counter shaft 2. FIG.

  Further, the automatic transmission T has been described on the assumption of a 6-speed transmission, but the present invention may be applied to other automatic transmissions having other stages.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an automatic transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention. Sectional drawing of the principal part near the differential of an automatic transmission. The disassembled perspective view of the banjo bolt which is an oil distribution mechanism, and a banjo joint.

Explanation of symbols

T ... automatic transmission 1 ... input shaft 2 ... counter shaft 3 ... axle 4 ... transmission gear unit 9 ... differential gear 12 ... front cover 13 ... gear casing 14 ... valve body 23 ... tubular member

Claims (6)

A transmission mechanism, a fluid transmission device, a first case housing the transmission mechanism,
A second case accommodating the fluid transmission device and coupled to the first case;
A differential having one end supported by the first case and the other end supported by the second case;
A drive gear for driving the differential device, and an automatic transmission comprising a drive shaft having one end supported by the first case and the other end supported by the second case;
A hydraulic control device installed in the first case and supplying lubricating oil to the differential device;
A lubricating oil path that guides the lubricating oil from the hydraulic control device to the other end of the differential,
An automatic transmission in which the lubricating oil passage is set so as to pass through the drive shaft from the first case side and communicate with the second case side. The drive shaft includes a shaft hole extending through the shaft;
The automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating oil passage is configured by a tubular member that is inserted through the shaft hole and has both ends fixed to the first case and the second case. A ring gear fixed to the differential and meshing with the drive gear;
3. The automatic transmission according to claim 2, wherein said lubricating oil passage is provided with lubricating oil injection means for injecting lubricating oil toward a meshing portion of said drive gear and ring gear. 3. The automatic transmission according to claim 2, wherein said lubricating oil passage is provided with lubricating oil injection means for injecting lubricating oil toward the pinion shaft of said differential device. One end of the drive shaft is supported by the first case via a first bearing,
The other end of the drive shaft is supported by the second case via a second bearing,
The automatic transmission according to claim 2, wherein the tubular member is provided with a lubricating oil supply port for supplying lubricating oil toward the first bearing and the second bearing. The automatic transmission according to claim 2, wherein a distribution mechanism that distributes the supplied lubricating oil is provided in the lubricating oil path.

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