JP2009126835A - High-purity trialkylgallium and method for producing the same - Google Patents

High-purity trialkylgallium and method for producing the same Download PDF

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JP2009126835A
JP2009126835A JP2007305354A JP2007305354A JP2009126835A JP 2009126835 A JP2009126835 A JP 2009126835A JP 2007305354 A JP2007305354 A JP 2007305354A JP 2007305354 A JP2007305354 A JP 2007305354A JP 2009126835 A JP2009126835 A JP 2009126835A
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trialkylgallium
purity
reflux ratio
fraction
formula
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Koji Takebayashi
浩二 竹林
Hiroyuki Monobe
浩之 物部
Toshihiro Fujita
俊啓 藤田
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Ube Corp
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Ube Industries Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a trialkylgallium having high purity and produced by a simple method and to provide the production method. <P>SOLUTION: Provided is a high-purity trimethylgallium having a hydrocarbon content of <4 mass ppm. The trialkylgallium expressed by general formula (3): R<SB>3</SB>Ga (in the formula, R is a 1-6C alkyl group) is produced by mixing and reacting a trialkylaluminum expressed by general formula (1): R<SB>3</SB>Al (R is same as defined above) with a trihalogenogallium expressed by general formula (2): X<SB>3</SB>Ga (in the formula, X is a halogen atom), removing the foreshot at a reflux ratio of 10-25 and then distilling at a reflux ratio of 6-15 to obtain the objective compound as the main fraction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、高純度トリアルキルガリウム及びその製法に関するものである。高純度トリアルキルガリウムは、例えば、エピタキシャル成長法による高機能の化合物半導体の製造原料として有用な化合物である。   The present invention relates to high-purity trialkylgallium and a method for producing the same. High-purity trialkylgallium is a useful compound as a raw material for producing a highly functional compound semiconductor by, for example, an epitaxial growth method.

従来、高純度トリアルキルガリウムの製法としては、例えば、三塩化ガリウムとトリメチルアルミニウムとをメシチレン中で反応させてトリメチルガリウムを製造する方法が知られている。しかしながら、この方法では、大量のメシチレンが必要であるため、容量の大きな反応釜の使用により操作が煩雑となり、工業的な高純度トリアルキルガリウムの製法としては不適であった(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
又、トリアルキルガリウムと沸点が近い炭化水素は、ガリウム含有薄膜の製造において、当該膜中に混入してしまうことで、電気特性等に悪影響を与える蓋然性が高いという問題があった。しかしながら、このような炭化水素は、高純度トリアルキルガリウム製造過程における蒸留精製等の際に、取り除くことが一般的に困難とされていた。そのため、炭化水素が極めて低減された高純度トリアルキルガリウムを得ることは未達であった。
特開2005-8553号公報
Conventionally, as a method for producing high-purity trialkylgallium, for example, a method for producing trimethylgallium by reacting gallium trichloride and trimethylaluminum in mesitylene is known. However, since this method requires a large amount of mesitylene, the use of a large-capacity reaction kettle makes the operation complicated, and is not suitable as an industrial method for producing high-purity trialkylgallium (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).
Further, hydrocarbons having a boiling point close to that of trialkylgallium have a problem of high probability of adversely affecting electrical characteristics and the like when mixed into the gallium-containing thin film. However, it has been generally considered difficult to remove such hydrocarbons during distillation purification in the production process of high-purity trialkylgallium. Therefore, it has not been achieved to obtain high-purity trialkyl gallium with extremely reduced hydrocarbons.
JP 2005-8553 A

本発明の課題は、上記問題点を解決し、簡便な方法によって、高純度トリアルキルガリウム及びその方法を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a high-purity trialkylgallium and a method thereof by a simple method.

本発明の課題は、炭化水素の含有量が4質量ppm未満であることを特徴とする、高純度トリメチルガリウムを提供することを課題とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide high-purity trimethylgallium, characterized in that the hydrocarbon content is less than 4 ppm by mass.

本発明の課題は、又、一般式(1)   The subject of this invention is also general formula (1).

Figure 2009126835
Figure 2009126835

(式中、Rは、炭素原子数1〜6のアルキル基を示す。)
で示されるトリアルキルアルミニウムと一般式(2)
(In the formula, R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.)
And a general formula (2)

Figure 2009126835
Figure 2009126835

(式中、Xは、ハロゲン原子を示す。)
で示されるトリハロゲノガリウムとを混合して反応させた後、還流比を10〜25として初留分を除去し、その後、還流比を6〜15として主留分として、一般式(3)
(In the formula, X represents a halogen atom.)
And then reacting with the trihalogenogallium represented by formula (3), the initial fraction is removed with a reflux ratio of 10 to 25, and then the main fraction with a reflux ratio of 6 to 15 is added.

Figure 2009126835
Figure 2009126835

(式中、Rは、前記と同義である。)
で示されるトリアルキルガリウムを得ることを特徴とする、高純度トリアルキルガリウムの製法によっても解決される。
(Wherein R is as defined above.)
This is also solved by a method for producing high-purity trialkylgallium, which is characterized by obtaining a trialkylgallium represented by formula (1).

本発明により、エピタキシャル成長法による高機能の化合物半導体の製造原料として有用な高純度トリアルキルガリウム及びその製法を提供することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a high-purity trialkylgallium useful as a raw material for producing a highly functional compound semiconductor by an epitaxial growth method and a method for producing the same.

本発明の高純度トリアルキルガリウムは、炭化水素の含有量が4質量ppm未満であることを特徴とするものである。トリアルキルガリウム中の炭化水素は、例えば、トリアルキルガリウムを使用したガリウム含有薄膜の製造において、ガリウム薄膜中に混入することで、当該膜の電気特性等に悪影響を与える蓋然性が高い化合物である。そのため、当該分野において、トリアルキルガリウム中の炭化水素の含有量を4質量ppm未満することが望ましい。   The high-purity trialkylgallium of the present invention is characterized in that the hydrocarbon content is less than 4 ppm by mass. Hydrocarbons in trialkyl gallium are compounds that have a high probability of adversely affecting the electrical characteristics and the like of the film when mixed into the gallium thin film in the production of a gallium-containing thin film using, for example, trialkyl gallium. Therefore, in this field, it is desirable that the hydrocarbon content in the trialkylgallium be less than 4 mass ppm.

ここで炭化水素とは、例えば、n-ペンタン、2-メチルブタン、2,2-ジメチルプロパン、n-ヘキサン、2-メチルペンタン、3-メチルペンタン、2,2-ジメチルブタン、2,3-ジメチルブタン、n-ヘプタン、2-メチルヘキサン、3-メチルヘキサン、2,2-ジメチルペンタン、2,3-ジメチルペンタン、2,4-ジメチルペンタン、3,3-ジメチルペンタン、2,2,3-トリメチルブタン、n-オクタン、2-メチルヘプタン、3-メチルヘプタン、4-メチルヘプタン、2,2-ジメチルヘキサン、2,3-ジメチルヘキサン、2,4-ジメチルヘキサン、2,5-ジメチルヘキサン、3,4-ジメチルヘキサン、2,2,3-トリメチルペンタン、2,2,4-トリメチルペンタン、2,3,3-トリメチルペンタン、2,2,3,3,-テトラメチルブタン、n-ノナン、n-デカン、及びそれらの異性体が挙げられる。なお、これらの炭化水素は、ここには例示列挙していないが、部分的に不飽和結合を有するものであっても良い。   Here, the hydrocarbon is, for example, n-pentane, 2-methylbutane, 2,2-dimethylpropane, n-hexane, 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, 2,2-dimethylbutane, 2,3-dimethyl. Butane, n-heptane, 2-methylhexane, 3-methylhexane, 2,2-dimethylpentane, 2,3-dimethylpentane, 2,4-dimethylpentane, 3,3-dimethylpentane, 2,2,3- Trimethylbutane, n-octane, 2-methylheptane, 3-methylheptane, 4-methylheptane, 2,2-dimethylhexane, 2,3-dimethylhexane, 2,4-dimethylhexane, 2,5-dimethylhexane, 3,4-dimethylhexane, 2,2,3-trimethylpentane, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, 2,3,3-trimethylpentane, 2,2,3,3, -tetramethylbutane, n-nonane , N-decane, and isomers thereof. These hydrocarbons are not exemplified here, but may partially have unsaturated bonds.

本発明の製法において使用するトリハロゲノガリウムは、前記の一般式(2)で示される。その一般式(2)において、Xは、ハロゲン原子であり、例えば、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子が挙げられるが、好ましくは塩素原子、臭素原子、更に好ましくは塩素原子である。当該トリハロゲノガリウムは、単独又は二種以上を混合して使用しても良い。   The trihalogenogallium used in the production method of the present invention is represented by the general formula (2). In the general formula (2), X is a halogen atom, and examples thereof include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom, preferably a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and more preferably a chlorine atom. The trihalogenogallium may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

本発明の製法において使用するトリアルキルアルミニウムは、前記の一般式(1)で示される。その一般式(1)において、Rは、炭素数1〜6のアルキル基を示し、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基が挙げられるが、好ましくはメチル基、エチル基である(即ち、トリアルキルアルミニウムが、トリメチルアルミニウム、トリエチルアルミニウム)。なお、これらの基は、各種異性体も含む。 The trialkylaluminum used in the production method of the present invention is represented by the general formula (1). In the general formula (1), R 1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, and a hexyl group. Group is an ethyl group (that is, trialkylaluminum is trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum). These groups include various isomers.

前記トリアルキルアルミニウムの使用量は、トリハロゲノガリウム1モルに対して、好ましくは3.0〜4.0モル、更に好ましくは3.0〜3.5モルである。   The amount of the trialkylaluminum used is preferably 3.0 to 4.0 mol, more preferably 3.0 to 3.5 mol, per 1 mol of trihalogenogallium.

本発明の製法は、還流比をコントロールすることにより高純度トリアルキルガリウムを製造することが本質的な部分ではあるが、更には、還流比に加えて温度条件(反応温度、還流温度等)をコントロールすることで、より一層の効果を生じさせることができる(より高純度のトリアルキルガリウムを得ることができる)。なお、以下で言及する初留分とは、4質量ppm以上の炭化水素を含有するトリアルキルガリウムを主として含む留分を示す。一方、主留分とは、4質量ppm未満の炭化水素を含有する高純度トリアルキルガリウムである留分を示す。   In the production method of the present invention, it is an essential part to produce high-purity trialkylgallium by controlling the reflux ratio. Furthermore, in addition to the reflux ratio, temperature conditions (reaction temperature, reflux temperature, etc.) By controlling, a further effect can be produced (a higher purity trialkylgallium can be obtained). The initial fraction mentioned below refers to a fraction mainly containing trialkylgallium containing 4 mass ppm or more of hydrocarbons. On the other hand, the main fraction refers to a fraction that is high-purity trialkylgallium containing less than 4 ppm by mass of hydrocarbons.

本発明の製法の好ましい態様としては、例えば、トリアルキルアルミニウムとトリハロゲノガリウムとを混合して、好ましくは70〜120℃、更に好ましくは75〜105℃で反応させた後、還流比(留出液量に対する還流液量の比率)を好ましくは10〜25、更に好ましくは10〜20として初留分を除去し、その後、還流比を好ましくは6〜15、更に好ましくは6〜10として主留分としてトリアルキルガリウムを得ることによって行われる。なお、反応系内の圧力は適宜調節する。   As a preferable embodiment of the production method of the present invention, for example, trialkylaluminum and trihalogenogallium are mixed and reacted at 70 to 120 ° C., more preferably 75 to 105 ° C., and then the reflux ratio (distillation). The ratio of the reflux liquid amount to the liquid volume) is preferably 10 to 25, more preferably 10 to 20, and the initial fraction is removed, and then the reflux ratio is preferably 6 to 15 and more preferably 6 to 10 This is done by obtaining a trialkylgallium as a minute. The pressure in the reaction system is adjusted as appropriate.

本発明の製法において使用するトリアルキルアルミニウムは、予め前処理したものを用いるのが望ましく、具体的には、トリアルキルアルミニウム(市販品でも合成品でも良い)を、好ましくは50〜120℃、更に好ましくは65〜100℃で全還流させた後に、還流比を好ましくは4〜20、更に好ましくは4〜15として最初の留分を除去した後、還流比を好ましくは0.5〜15、更に好ましくは1〜10として続く留分として得られたトリアルキルアルミニウムが好適に使用される。又、留分を除去するために必要な蒸留塔は、製造規模、条件等に応じて最適なサイズのものを適宜選択することができる。   The pre-treated trialkylaluminum used in the production method of the present invention is desirably pre-treated, specifically, a trialkylaluminum (which may be a commercial product or a synthetic product), preferably 50 to 120 ° C. Preferably, after the total reflux at 65 to 100 ° C., the reflux ratio is preferably 4 to 20, more preferably 4 to 15, and after removing the first fraction, the reflux ratio is preferably 0.5 to 15, Trialkylaluminum obtained as a fraction that continues as 1 to 10 is preferably used. In addition, the distillation column necessary for removing the fraction can be appropriately selected in accordance with the production scale, conditions and the like.

なお、より高純度のトリアルキルガリウムを得るために、トリアルキルガリウムは、更に精製しても良い。その精製には、例えば、公知の方法も採用することができる(例えば、非特許文献1参照)。
J.Am.Chem.Soc.,84,3605(1962)
Note that the trialkylgallium may be further purified in order to obtain a higher purity trialkylgallium. For the purification, for example, a known method can also be employed (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 84, 3605 (1962)

次に、実施例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明の範囲はこれらに限定されるものではない。なお、トリアルキルガリウムの金属原子の分析は、誘導プラズマ発光分析法(ICP-OES法)にて行った。   Next, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The metal atom of trialkylgallium was analyzed by an induction plasma emission analysis method (ICP-OES method).

実施例1(高純度トリメチルガリウムの合成)
還流冷却器、温度計及び蒸留塔を備えた内容積28Lの容器に、トリメチルアルミニウム(炭化水素化合物の含量;600質量ppm)15.5kg(215mol)を加え、系内を全還流状態(系内圧力;25kPaA、系内温度;80〜85℃)で0.5時間保持した後、還流比を10として、最初の留分として仕込み量の20%を除去した。その後、還流比を3として、続く留分として、仕込み量に対して65〜70%の精製されたトリメチルアルミニウムを取得した。
次いで、還流冷却器、温度計及び蒸留塔を備えた内容積28Lの容器に、塩化ガリウム7.5kg及び前記の精製されたトリメチルアルミニウム10.5kgを加え、反応系内を全還流状態(系内圧力;常圧、系内温度;80〜90℃)で0.5時間保持した後、還流比を10として、初留分として仕込み量の5%を除去した。その後、還流比を6として、主留分として、仕込み量に対して80〜85%のトリメチルガリウムを得た。これを3回繰り返して得られたトリメチルガリウムを還流冷却器、温度計及び蒸留塔を備えた内容積28Lの容器に再度入れ、系内圧力:常圧、系内温度:56℃で、還流比を20として、初留分として仕込み量の12%を除去した。その後、還流比を10とし主留分として、仕込み量に対して60〜65%を取得した。その結果、炭化水素の含有量が4質量ppm未満である高純度トリメチルガリウム8kgを得た。
Example 1 (Synthesis of high-purity trimethylgallium)
15.5 kg (215 mol) of trimethylaluminum (hydrocarbon compound content; 600 ppm by mass) is added to a 28 L internal vessel equipped with a reflux condenser, thermometer and distillation column, and the system is fully refluxed (pressure inside the system) 25 kPaA, system temperature; 80 to 85 ° C.) for 0.5 hours, then the reflux ratio was set to 10 and 20% of the charged amount was removed as the first fraction. Thereafter, a reflux ratio of 3 was obtained, and 65 to 70% of purified trimethylaluminum with respect to the charged amount was obtained as a subsequent fraction.
Next, 7.5 kg of gallium chloride and 10.5 kg of the purified trimethylaluminum were added to a 28 L internal vessel equipped with a reflux condenser, a thermometer and a distillation column, and the reaction system was fully refluxed (system pressure; (Normal pressure, system temperature; 80 to 90 ° C.) for 0.5 hours, the reflux ratio was set to 10 and 5% of the charged amount was removed as the first fraction. Thereafter, the reflux ratio was 6, and 80 to 85% of trimethylgallium was obtained as a main fraction with respect to the charged amount. The trimethylgallium obtained by repeating this three times was put again into a 28 L vessel equipped with a reflux condenser, thermometer and distillation tower, and the system pressure: normal pressure, the system temperature: 56 ° C., the reflux ratio As a result, 12% of the charged amount was removed as an initial fraction. Thereafter, the reflux ratio was 10, and 60 to 65% of the charged amount was obtained as the main fraction. As a result, 8 kg of high-purity trimethylgallium having a hydrocarbon content of less than 4 ppm by mass was obtained.

比較例1(トリメチルガリウムの合成)
還流冷却器、温度計及び蒸留塔を備えた内容積28Lの容器に、トリメチルアルミニウム(炭化水素化合物の含量;600質量ppm)14.5kg(201mol)を加え、系内を全還流状態(系内圧力;25kPaA、系内温度;80〜85℃)で0.5時間保持した後、還流比を3として、最初の留分として仕込み量の15%を除去した。その後、還流比を0.3として、続く留分として、仕込み量に対して73%のトリメチルアルミニウムを取得した。
次いで、還流冷却器、温度計及び蒸留塔を備えた内容積28Lの容器に、塩化ガリウム7.5kg及び前記の精製されたトリメチルアルミニウム10.5kgを加え、反応系内を全還流状態(系内圧力;常圧、系内温度;80〜90℃)で0.5時間保持した後、還流比を10として、初留分として仕込み量の5%を除去した。その後、還流比を3として、留分として、仕込み量に対して80〜85%のトリメチルガリウムを得た。これを3回繰り返して得られたトリメチルガリウムを還流冷却器、温度計及び蒸留塔を備えた内容積28Lの容器に再度入れ、系内圧力:常圧、系内温度:56℃で還流比を10として、留分として仕込み量の12%を除去した。その後、還流比を5とし留分として、仕込み量に対して60〜65%を取得した。その結果、炭化水素の含有量が20〜80質量ppmであるトリメチルガリウム8kgを得た。
Comparative Example 1 (Synthesis of trimethylgallium)
14.5 kg (201 mol) of trimethylaluminum (hydrocarbon compound content; 600 ppm by mass) is added to a 28-liter container equipped with a reflux condenser, thermometer and distillation column, and the system is fully refluxed (pressure inside the system) 25 kPaA, system temperature; 80 to 85 ° C.) for 0.5 hours, then the reflux ratio was set to 3 and 15% of the charged amount was removed as the first fraction. Thereafter, the reflux ratio was set to 0.3, and as a subsequent fraction, 73% of trimethylaluminum was obtained with respect to the charged amount.
Next, 7.5 kg of gallium chloride and 10.5 kg of the purified trimethylaluminum were added to a 28 L internal vessel equipped with a reflux condenser, a thermometer and a distillation column, and the reaction system was totally refluxed (system pressure; (Normal pressure, system temperature; 80 to 90 ° C.) for 0.5 hours, the reflux ratio was set to 10 and 5% of the charged amount was removed as the first fraction. Thereafter, the reflux ratio was set to 3, and 80 to 85% trimethylgallium was obtained as a fraction with respect to the charged amount. The trimethylgallium obtained by repeating this three times was put again into a 28 L internal vessel equipped with a reflux condenser, thermometer and distillation tower, and the reflux ratio was adjusted at system pressure: normal pressure and system temperature: 56 ° C. As a fraction, 12% of the charged amount was removed as a fraction. Thereafter, a reflux ratio of 5 was obtained as a fraction, and 60 to 65% of the charged amount was obtained. As a result, 8 kg of trimethylgallium having a hydrocarbon content of 20 to 80 mass ppm was obtained.

実施例2(高純度トリエチルガリウムの合成)
実施例1において、トリメチルアルミニウムの代わりにトリエチルアルミニウムを用いること以外、実施例1と同様に反応を行うと、炭化水素が4質量ppm未満の高純度トリエチルガリウムが得られる。
Example 2 (Synthesis of high-purity triethylgallium)
In Example 1, except that triethylaluminum is used instead of trimethylaluminum, the reaction is carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain high-purity triethylgallium having a hydrocarbon content of less than 4 ppm by mass.

本発明は、高純度トリアルキルガリウム及びその製法に関するものである。高純度トリアルキルガリウムは、例えば、エピタキシャル成長法による高機能の化合物半導体の製造原料として有用な化合物である。   The present invention relates to high-purity trialkylgallium and a method for producing the same. High-purity trialkylgallium is a useful compound as a raw material for producing a highly functional compound semiconductor by, for example, an epitaxial growth method.

Claims (4)

炭化水素の含有量が4質量ppm未満であることを特徴とする、高純度トリメチルガリウム。   High-purity trimethylgallium, characterized in that the hydrocarbon content is less than 4 ppm by mass. 一般式(1)
Figure 2009126835
(式中、Rは、炭素原子数1〜6のアルキル基を示す。)
で示されるトリアルキルアルミニウムと一般式(2)
Figure 2009126835
(式中、Xは、ハロゲン原子を示す。)
で示されるトリハロゲノガリウムとを混合して反応させた後、還流比を10〜25として初留分を除去し、その後、還流比を6〜15として主留分として、一般式(3)
Figure 2009126835
(式中、Rは、前記と同義である。)
で示されるトリアルキルガリウムを得ることを特徴とする、高純度トリアルキルガリウムの製法。
General formula (1)
Figure 2009126835
(In the formula, R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.)
And a general formula (2)
Figure 2009126835
(In the formula, X represents a halogen atom.)
And then reacting with the trihalogenogallium represented by formula (3), the initial fraction is removed with a reflux ratio of 10 to 25, and then the main fraction with a reflux ratio of 6 to 15 is added.
Figure 2009126835
(Wherein R is as defined above.)
A process for producing high-purity trialkylgallium, characterized in that the trialkylgallium represented by formula (1) is obtained.
トリアルキルアルミニウムが、予め還流させた後に、還流比を4〜20として初留分を除去した後、還流比を0.5〜15として主留分として得られたものである、請求項2記載の高純度トリアルキルガリウムの製法。   The trialkylaluminum is obtained as a main fraction with a reflux ratio of 0.5 to 15 after removing a first fraction after refluxing in advance and a reflux ratio of 4 to 20. Of high purity trialkylgallium. トリアルキルガリウムが、トリメチルガリウム又はトリエチルガリウムである請求項2乃至3記載の高純度トリアルキルガリウムの製法。   The method for producing high-purity trialkylgallium according to claim 2, wherein the trialkylgallium is trimethylgallium or triethylgallium.
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