JP2009123427A - Led light-emitting method and led lighting system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve bright illumination by an LED array while saving power by improving light efficiency to a supply voltage of the LED array formed by connecting a plurality of light-emitting diodes in series. <P>SOLUTION: An anode-side terminal of the LED array 11 is connected to a positive electrode-side output terminal of a full-wave rectifying circuit 10 for performing full-wave rectification of an alternating current power source, and a cathode-side terminal of the LED array 11 is connected to a negative electrode-side output terminal of the full-wave rectifying circuit 10. An anode of an LED 1 located first from the cathode-side terminal of the LED array 11 and a cathode of an LED n located first from the cathode-side terminal of the LED array 11 are connected at a branch passage B1. Similarly, an anode of an LED 2 and a cathode of an LED n-1, an anode of an LED 3 and a cathode of an LED n-2... are sequentially connected respectively at branch passages B2, B3 ... The respective branch passages B1, B2, B3 ... include constant current circuit parts CC2, 3, 4 ... for restricting a current flowing the branch passages. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an LED light emitting method for turning on an LED array formed by connecting a plurality of light emitting diodes in series, and an LED lighting device used directly for carrying out the method.

In recent years, measures for power saving have been promoted in consideration of the environment in various technical fields, and LED lighting devices using light-emitting diodes with low power consumption have been put into practical use for lighting.
As shown in FIG. 17, the conventional LED lighting device forms a LED array by connecting a plurality of light emitting diodes LED1, 2,..., N-1, n in series, and a current is passed through the LED array. It was a configuration to hesitate. For example, the LED lighting device disclosed in Patent Document 1 is rectified by full-wave rectification of an AC 100 V commercial power supply and applying the voltage to both ends of a circuit in which an LED array and a current limiting resistor are connected in series. Yes.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-030877

As described above, the inventor of the present application has found that there are the following disadvantages when a full-wave rectified voltage is applied to both ends of an LED array formed by connecting a plurality of light emitting diodes in series. That is, as shown in FIG. 18, the voltage obtained by full-wave rectification of the AC100V commercial power supply shows a mountain-shaped waveform. When the voltage gradually increases from 0V and reaches the peak voltage (about 141.4V), The voltage gradually decreases. Such changes are repeated. When such a voltage is applied to both ends of an LED array composed of a plurality of light-emitting diodes connected in series, the applied voltage is a forward voltage necessary for causing each light-emitting diode constituting the LED array to emit light. When the sum (Va in FIG. 18) is reached, the light emitting diodes of the LED array are turned on all at once. Subsequently, when the applied voltage falls below the total forward voltage (Va in FIG. 18), the light-emitting diodes of the LED array are turned off all at once.
For this reason, there are periods (t1, t2, t3, t4 in FIG. 18) in which the LED array is extinguished even when a voltage is applied, and there is a disadvantage that the light conversion efficiency with respect to the supply voltage is poor.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object thereof is to improve light efficiency with respect to a supply voltage for an LED array in which a plurality of light emitting diodes are connected in series. It is to realize illumination of a bright LED array with power saving.

In order to achieve the above object, the method of the present invention is an LED light emitting method for lighting an LED array formed by connecting a plurality of light emitting diodes in series,
When the AC power supply is full-wave rectified, and the full-wave rectified voltage does not reach a value that can light all the light-emitting diodes constituting the LED array, current is sequentially applied to the individual light-emitting diodes constituting the LED array. The light emitting diodes are caused to emit light sequentially.

  In this way, by sequentially supplying current to the individual light emitting diodes to cause the light emitting diodes to emit light, the LED array is turned off even when the voltage as described above is applied (for example, in FIG. 18). t1, t2, t3, t4) can be eliminated, and as a result, the light conversion efficiency with respect to the supply voltage is improved.

  Further, according to the method of the present invention, when the full-wave rectified voltage exceeds a value capable of lighting all the light emitting diodes constituting the LED array, a current is serially flowed from one end of the LED array to the other end. It is preferable to control the flow.

The device of the present invention is an LED illumination device for lighting an LED array formed by connecting a plurality of light emitting diodes in series, and includes an LED light emitting unit for emitting light from the LED array. The light emitting unit has the following configuration.
That is, the LED light emitting unit
A full-wave rectifier circuit for full-wave rectification of an AC power supply;
A branch path for branching the current output from the full-wave rectifier circuit to an arbitrary light emitting diode constituting the LED array;
A shunt limiting means for limiting a current flowing to an arbitrary light emitting diode via a branch path;
It is the composition provided with.

Such an LED light emitting unit can be embodied with the following configuration, for example.
That is, the LED light emitting unit
A full-wave rectifier circuit for full-wave rectification of an AC power supply;
Connect the anode end of the LED array to the positive output terminal of the full wave rectifier circuit, connect the cathode end of the LED array to the negative output terminal of the full wave rectifier circuit,
Furthermore, the anode of the light emitting diode positioned first from the cathode end of the LED array and the cathode of the light emitting diode positioned first from the cathode end of the LED array are connected by a branch path,
Similarly, the anode of the light emitting diode located at the nth (n is an arbitrary natural number) counted from the cathode end of the LED array and the light emitting diode located at the nth counted from the cathode end of the LED array in sequence. Connect the cathode to the branch line,
Each branch path may be provided with a branching flow limiting means for limiting the current flowing through the branch path.

  In this way, the current output from the full-wave rectifier circuit is caused to flow to an arbitrary light-emitting diode via a branch path, so that the voltage applied to the LED array causes each light-emitting diode constituting the LED array to emit light. Even if the total of forward voltages necessary for the above (for example, Va in FIG. 18) is not reached, any light emitting diode can be caused to emit light individually, and as a result, even if the voltage as described above is applied. Periods during which the LED array is extinguished (for example, t1, t2, t3, t4 in FIG. 18) can be eliminated, and the light conversion efficiency with respect to the supply voltage is improved.

The shunt limiting means limits the current flowing through the branch path to a value that is necessary and sufficient to cause any light emitting diode to emit light via the branch path. As a result, damage to the light emitting diode is prevented, and the number of branch paths through which current flows is increased sequentially as the applied voltage increases, so that the light emitting diode can efficiently emit light according to the applied voltage. It becomes possible.
This diversion restricting means can be constituted by, for example, a constant current circuit provided in the branch path.

Moreover, this invention apparatus can also comprise an LED light emission unit as follows.
That is, the LED light emitting unit
A full-wave rectifier circuit for full-wave rectification of an AC power supply;
A branch path for branching the current output from the full-wave rectifier circuit to an arbitrary light emitting diode constituting the LED array;
Current limiting means for limiting the current flowing through the LED array.

Such an LED light emitting unit can be embodied with the following configuration, for example.
That is, the LED light emitting unit
A full-wave rectifier circuit for full-wave rectification of an AC power supply;
Connect the anode end of the LED array to the positive output terminal of the full wave rectifier circuit, connect the cathode end of the LED array to the negative output terminal of the full wave rectifier circuit,
Furthermore, the anode end of the LED array and the anode of the light emitting diode positioned first from the cathode end of the LED array are connected by a branch path,
Similarly, the anode end of the LED array and the anode of the light emitting diode located at the nth (n is an arbitrary natural number) counted from the cathode end of the LED array are sequentially connected by a branch path,
And a current limiting means for limiting the current flowing through the LED array.

  With such a configuration, the current output from the full-wave rectifier circuit is allowed to flow to an arbitrary light-emitting diode via a branch path, so that the voltage applied to the LED array emits light from each light-emitting diode constituting the LED array. Even if the total of forward voltages necessary for the operation is not reached (for example, Va in FIG. 18), any light emitting diode can be caused to emit light individually, and as a result, the voltage as described above is applied. However, the period during which the LED array is turned off (for example, t1, t2, t3, and t4 in FIG. 18) can be eliminated, and the light conversion efficiency with respect to the supply voltage is improved.

The current limiting means limits the current flowing through the LED array to a value that is necessary and sufficient to cause each light-emitting diode constituting the LED array to emit light. As a result, damage to the light emitting diode is prevented and the number of branch paths through which current flows increases sequentially as the applied voltage increases, so that the light emitting diode can efficiently emit light according to the applied voltage. It becomes possible.
This current limiting means can be constituted by, for example, a constant current circuit provided in a path from the cathode of the LED array to the negative terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit.

  Furthermore, when the voltage output from the full-wave rectifier circuit reaches the sum of the forward voltages necessary for causing all the light-emitting diodes of the LED array to emit light between the anode-side termination of the LED array and each branch path. If the current path selection means for interrupting the flow of current to each branch path is provided, it is possible to avoid the heat loss due to resistance in the branch path and realize more efficient LED light emission.

In addition to the configuration described above, the device of the present invention further includes a dimming unit for controlling the main current flowing from the AC power source to the main current circuit that returns to the AC power source via the full-wave rectifier circuit. can do.
The dimming unit includes a main current switching circuit including a switching element connected in series to the main current circuit, and a control unit that controls the main current flowing through the main current switching circuit.
The control unit includes: a gate charge discharging circuit that controls off by discharging a gate charge of a switching element through which a main current of the main current circuit flows; and a main current that is turned off simultaneously with the main current off control. A gate charge charging circuit for charging the electric charge by charging, a gate charge discharging circuit for operating the gate charge discharging circuit at a predetermined timing, and a discharge timing setting circuit for determining the timing.

  As described above, according to the present invention, for an LED array formed by connecting a plurality of light emitting diodes in series, the light efficiency for the supply voltage is improved, and the illumination of the bright LED array is realized with power saving. can do.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an appearance of an LED lighting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the LED lighting device.
The LED lighting device according to the present embodiment includes an LED light emitting unit 1 and a dimming unit 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the LED light emitting unit 1 has an external shape in which a large number of light emitting diodes are arranged on a ceramic sheet 3 for heat dissipation and covered with a cover 4 for light diffusion. The circuit as shown is configured. The light control unit 2 has a circuit configuration as shown in FIG. 2 and is electrically connected to the LED light emitting unit 1.

First, the LED light emitting unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing the circuit portion of the LED light emitting unit taken out from the entire circuit of FIG. FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram showing the relationship between voltage and current in the LED light emitting unit.
As shown in FIG. 3, the LED light emitting unit 1 has a circuit configuration including a full-wave rectifier circuit 10, an LED array 11, and a plurality of constant current circuit units CC1, CC2, CC3,. Here, the full-wave rectifier circuit 10 is connected to an AC 100V commercial power source E (AC power source) distributed to a general household, and outputs the AC voltage of the commercial power source E by full-wave rectification.

  In the present embodiment, a diode bridge circuit is applied to the full-wave rectifier circuit 10 and has a function of full-wave rectifying the input commercial power supply E. The full-wave rectifier circuit 10 receives power from terminals E1 and U1 connected to the upper and lower ends of the bridge circuit shown in FIG. 3, and the left and right ends of the bridge circuit (hereinafter referred to as the full-wave rectifier circuit 10 in the figure). The full-wave rectified electric power is output from the right side of FIG. This terminal U1 is connected to a terminal U2 and a terminal E2 via a dimming unit 2 described later, whereby the LED lighting device is configured as a two-wire LED lighting device.

The LED array 11 has an anode end connected to the positive output terminal of the full wave rectifier circuit 10 and a cathode end connected to the negative output terminal of the full wave rectifier circuit 10 via the constant current circuit section CC1. It is connected.
The LED array 11 has a configuration in which a plurality of light emitting diodes (hereinafter abbreviated as LEDs) LEDs 1, 2,..., N are connected in series. In this embodiment, for example, each of these LEDs 1, 2,..., N emits white light with an applied voltage of about 3.5V.

  Here, the anode of the LED 1 positioned first from the cathode end of the LED array 11 and the cathode of the LED n positioned first from the cathode end of the LED array 11 are connected by the branch path B1. is there. Similarly, the anode of the LED 2 positioned second from the cathode end of the LED array 11 and the cathode of the LED n-1 positioned second from the cathode end of the LED array 11 are connected by the branch path B2. Connected. In this manner, the LEDs 3, 4,... Near the cathode end of the LED array 11 and the cathodes of the LEDs n-2, n-3,. It is connected with.

  As for the number of LEDs connected by the branch paths B1, B2, B3,..., The sum of the forward voltages necessary for causing the LEDs to emit light via the branch paths causes all LEDs in the LED array 11 to emit light. Therefore, the number of times required to reach the sum of the forward voltages necessary for this is set. For example, assuming that the total forward voltage necessary for causing all the LEDs of the LED array 11 to emit light is 100 V, if 3.5 V is required for causing one LED to emit light, 100 / 3.5 = 28.57. In addition, since the number of LEDs connected through the branch path is an even number, the number of LEDs connected through the branch paths B1, B2, B3,... However, since the peak value of the commercial voltage 100V reaches 141.4V, the number of LEDs is determined in consideration of the maximum allowable voltage of one LED.

  The constant current circuit sections CC2, CC3, CC4,... Function as a branching limiting means for limiting the current flowing to the LED via the branch paths B1, B2, B3,..., And each branch path B1, B2, B3. , ... are inserted in series. These constant current circuit sections CC2, CC3, CC4... Are formed with internal circuits that operate so as to flow a predetermined amount of current. In this embodiment, the internal circuits of the constant current circuit portions CC2, CC3, CC4,... Are formed using two NPN-type bipolar transistors Q and two resistors R. Specifically, the internal circuit will be described on the basis of the constant current circuit section CC2. A resistor R03 is inserted between the collector and the base of the transistor Q03 whose collector is connected to the LED array 11, and between the emitter and the base. Are connected so that the collector and base of the transistor Q04 face each other. That is, the base of transistor Q03 is connected to the collector of transistor Q04, and the emitter of transistor Q03 is connected to the base of transistor Q04. The transistor Q04 has an emitter connected to the LED array 11 and a resistor R04 inserted between the emitter and base. The constant current circuit portion CC2 is formed by the above configuration.

  These constant current circuit units CC2, CC3, CC4,... Have a function of controlling the current from the full-wave rectifier circuit 10 to a current that causes two LEDs to emit light. Thereby, it becomes possible to supply current one after another like LED2 and LEDn-1, LED3 and LEDn-2,... Sequentially from LED1 and LEDn outside the LED array 11.

  The constant current circuit unit CC1 provided between the negative terminal of the LED array 11 and the full-wave rectifier circuit 10 has the same circuit configuration as the other constant current circuit units CC2, CC3, CC4,. It is used as a circuit for making the current flowing through the entire unit 1 constant. Therefore, the constant current circuit unit CC1 is set to the maximum value of the forward current value of the LED array 11 in order to control the total current of the circuit. On the other hand, each of the constant current circuit parts CC2, CC3, CC4,... Is set to the optimum forward current value according to the LEDs 1, 2,.

The LED light-emitting unit 1 is formed by the circuit configuration as described above, and functions as a lighting device when each LED 1, 2, ..., n emits light. Hereinafter, the operation of the LED light emitting unit 1 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the AC 100V commercial power source E input to the LED light emitting unit 1 is input with a voltage in an AC waveform. Then, the commercial power source E is input to the full-wave rectifier circuit 10 so that full-wave rectification is performed as shown in FIG. As a result, the voltage of the commercial power source E rises from 0V to 141.4V and repeats a mountain-shaped waveform that decreases to 0V. In the LED light emitting unit 1 of the present embodiment, it is configured to sequentially turn on each time the forward voltage for two LEDs is exceeded in accordance with the change in the voltage waveform of the commercial power supply E.

  Specifically, when the AC voltage exceeds the forward voltage of two LEDs (about 3.5V × 2 = 7V), it is determined from LEDn arranged at the uppermost stage in FIG. 3 via the branch path B1. A current flows through the current circuit portion CC2. Further, in the constant current circuit portion CC2, a current flows to the base of the transistor Q03 by the resistor R03, and the collector-emitter of the transistor Q03 is turned on (conductive state). As a result, the resistor R04, the LED1, and the constant current circuit unit CC1 are energized. In the constant current circuit portion CC1, current flows to the base of the transistor Q02 by the resistor R02, and the collector-emitter of the transistor Q02 is turned on. As a result, current flows to the negative electrode side of the full-wave rectifier circuit 10 via the resistor R01, and both LED1 and LEDn are turned on.

However, at this time, when the resistor R03 of the constant current circuit section CC2 causes a current to flow to the base of the transistor Q03, the transistor Q03 is turned on, a current flows to the resistor R04, and the voltage across the resistor R04 becomes 0.6 V or more, the transistor Q04 also Since the transistor Q03 is turned on and the base current of the transistor Q03 is short-circuited between the collector and the emitter of the transistor Q04, the transistor Q03 is turned off, and the current flowing through the LEDs 1 and LEDn is constant-current controlled by the constant-current circuit unit CC2.
Similarly, the resistor R02 of the constant current circuit section CC1 causes a current to flow to the base of the transistor Q02, the transistor Q02 is turned on, a current flows to the resistor R01, and the transistor Q01 is also turned on when the voltage across the resistor R01 becomes 0.6 V or higher. Thus, since the base current of the transistor Q02 is short-circuited between the collector and the emitter of the transistor Q01, the transistor Q02 is turned off, and the current of the main current circuit is controlled at a constant current.

  Next, when the AC voltage further rises and exceeds the forward voltage of about four LEDs (about 14V), it is determined from LEDn and LEDn-1 arranged at the uppermost stage and the next stage via the branch path B2. A current flows through the current circuit unit CC3. Further, in the constant current circuit part CC3, a current flows to the base of the transistor Q05 by the resistor R05, and the collector-emitter of the transistor Q05 is turned on. As a result, the resistor R06, LED2, LED1, and constant current circuit unit CC1 are energized. In the constant current circuit portion CC1, similarly to the above, a current flows to the base of the transistor Q02 by the resistor R02, and the collector-emitter of the transistor Q02 is turned on. As a result, the current flows to the negative side of the full-wave rectifier circuit 10 via the resistor R01, and the LEDs 1, LED2, LEDn-1, and LEDn are all turned on.

Similarly to the above, when the resistor R05 of the constant current circuit portion CC3 causes a current to flow to the base of the transistor Q05, the transistor Q05 is turned on, a current flows to the resistor R06, and the voltage across the resistor R06 becomes 0.6 V or more, the transistor Q06 is also turned on, and the base current of the transistor Q05 is short-circuited between the collector and emitter of the transistor Q06, so that the transistor Q5 is turned off, and the currents flowing through LED1, LED2, LEDn-1, and LEDn are constant current circuit portions CC2, CC3. Is controlled by constant current.
Similarly, the resistor R02 of the constant current circuit section CC1 causes a current to flow to the base of the transistor Q02, the transistor Q02 is turned on, a current flows to the resistor R01, and the transistor Q01 is also turned on when the voltage across the resistor R01 becomes 0.6 V or higher. Thus, since the base current of the transistor Q02 is short-circuited between the collector and the emitter of the transistor Q01, the transistor Q02 is turned off, and the current of the main current circuit is controlled at a constant current.

  Furthermore, when the AC voltage rises and exceeds the forward voltage for six LEDs, eight LEDs, and so on, the number of LEDs through which current flows through the branch paths B3, B4,. Go. That is, every time the AC voltage rises by about 7 V, the LED is sequentially turned on from the LED through which the upper and lower currents flow.

  Then, the current flowing through the LED array 11 from the vicinity where the voltage output from the full-wave rectifier circuit 10 reaches the sum of the forward voltages necessary for causing all the light emitting diodes of the LED array 11 to emit light passes through the branch path. Instead of passing through, the LED array 11 flows from the anode-side end of the LED array 11 to the cathode-side end of the LED array 11 via each light-emitting diode LEDn, LEDn-1,. Therefore, heat loss due to the resistance of the branch path is minimized.

  Furthermore, when the voltage output from the full-wave rectifier circuit 10 begins to drop below the peak voltage, the LEDs arranged in the middle portion of the LED array 11 are sequentially turned off toward the LEDs n1 and LED1 located at the respective ends. However, since the commercial power supply (when the frequency is 50 Hz) is full-wave rectified, the frequency of the pulsating power supply is doubled (100 Hz), and LED flickering is perceived. Absent.

  Here, the current waveform flowing in the LED light emitting unit has a mountain shape corresponding to the voltage change as shown in FIG. 4C, and there is almost no period during which no current flows. FIG. 4D is a partially enlarged view showing the current waveform of FIG. As shown in the figure, the current value changes stepwise whenever the LED through which the current flows increases or decreases.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram comparing the current waveform of the LED light emitting unit according to the first embodiment with the current waveform of a conventional LED lighting device.
As described above, since the LED light emitting unit 1 of the present embodiment employs a system that follows the AC voltage, even if the supplied commercial power supply E is in a low voltage state, the LED light emitting unit 1 is turned on by the amount of LED corresponding to the voltage. To do. Therefore, the current input to the LED array 11 rises as the voltage rises, and forms a wide current area corresponding to the voltage waveform, as shown in FIG. On the other hand, in the conventional LED lighting device, current does not flow through the LED unless the voltage of the commercial power supply E rises to the vicinity of the peak voltage. Therefore, a narrow current area is formed. That is, the LED light-emitting unit 1 of the present embodiment improves the light conversion efficiency with respect to the supply voltage, and the brightness of the LED array 11 is about 1.5 times.

Next, the light control unit 2 which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
As shown in FIG. 2, the LED lighting device of the present embodiment controls a main current flowing through a main current circuit that returns from an AC power source to a commercial power source (AC power source) E via the full-wave rectifier circuit 10. The light control unit 2 is provided.
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing the circuit portion of the dimming unit extracted from the entire circuit of FIG. 2, and FIG. 7 is a block diagram schematically showing the operation of the tuning light unit.
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the dimming unit 2 of the present embodiment is in the middle of the wiring between the commercial power source (AC power source) E of the main current circuit 12 and the LED light emitting unit 1, that is, in the middle of the main current circuit 12. The dimming unit 2 of FIG. 7 is configured to connect the antiphase device 20, the commercial power source E, and the LED light emitting unit 1 with two lines. The anti-phase device 20 includes a main current switching circuit 21 including a switching element connected in series with the main current circuit 12, and a control unit 22 that controls the main current supplied to the main current switching circuit 21. It is composed of

  As shown in FIG. 7, the main current switching circuit 21 includes a switching element connected in reverse to the main current circuit 12. The main current switching circuit 21 is a MOS-FET (or an insulated gate bipolar transistor (hereinafter referred to as IGBT)) as a switching element built in the flywheel diodes D1 and D2 connected in reverse to the main current circuit 12 and connected in series. It may be abbreviated as Bipolar Transistor), and is a circuit composed of Q1 and Q2.

  When a predetermined charge is stored in advance in the gate of the MOS-FET Q1 and the positive side of the AC waveform is applied to the drain side of the MOS-FET Q1, the main current switching circuit 21 is turned on between the drain and the source, and is connected in series. A current is passed through the LED light emitting unit 1 through the diode D2 of the reverse-phase side MOS-FET Q2 connected in reverse. As a result, the LEDs of the LED array 11 are turned on. Further, when the gate charge of the MOS-FET Q1 is discharged while the current is flowing through the LED light-emitting unit 1, the drain-source between the MOS-FET Q1 is turned off and the energization to the LED light-emitting unit 1 is stopped.

  On the other hand, in a state where a predetermined charge is stored in the gate of the MOS-FET Q2, when the positive side of the AC waveform is applied to the drain side of the MOS-FET Q2, the drain-source is turned on, and through the diode D1 of the MOS-FET Q1. A current is passed through the LED light emitting unit L. As a result, the LEDs of the LED array 11 are turned on. When the gate charge of the MOS-FET Q2 is discharged, the energization to the LED light emitting unit 1 is stopped.

  The control unit 22 also turns off the main current flowing through the main current switching circuit 21 by the switching element, and the main current flows through the gate of the switching element on the opposite phase side when the main current is turned off. And a discharge timing setting circuit 25 for determining the timing for discharging the gate charge of the switching element.

  In the control unit 22, the gate charge discharge circuit 23 includes an NPN switching transistor Q3, a collector resistor R3, and a gate charge discharge circuit on the MOS-FET Q1 side connected between the gates of the MOS-FET Q1 and an NPN switching transistor Q4. And a MOS-FET Q2 side gate charge discharge circuit connected between the collector resistor R4 and the gate of the MOS-FET Q2.

  When the transistor Q3 of the MOS-FET Q1 side gate charge discharge circuit is turned on at the dimming timing set by the discharge timing setting circuit 25 described later, the charge of the gate of the MOS-FET Q1 is discharged through the transistor Q3 and the resistor R3. The energization to the LED light emitting unit 1 is stopped. When the transistor Q4 of the MOS-FET Q2 side gate charge discharging circuit is turned on, the gate charge of the MOS-FET Q2 is discharged through the transistor Q4 and the resistor R4, and the energization to the LED light emitting unit 1 is stopped.

  The gate charge charging circuit 24 includes a resistor R1 for energizing a part of the main current of the main current circuit 12 to the gate of the MOS-FET Q2, a MOS-FET Q2 side charging circuit including a rectifier diode D3, and a main current circuit 12 It comprises a resistor R2 for energizing a part of the main current to the gate of the MOS-FET Q1, and a MOS-FET Q1-side charging circuit comprising a rectifying diode D4.

  The MOS-FET Q2 side charging circuit is configured such that when the main current energized to the MOS-FET Q1 is turned off at the dimming timing set by the discharge timing setting circuit 25, the main current is simultaneously applied to the gate of the reverse phase side MOS-FET Q2. A part is energized to charge up to the specified voltage of the MOS-FET Q2. Similarly, when the MOS-FET Q2 is turned off, the MOS-FET Q1 side charging circuit charges the gate of the anti-phase side MOS-FET Q1 to the specified voltage.

The discharge timing setting circuit 25 includes an NPN switching transistor Q6, a PNP switching transistor Q5, resistors R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, and R10, a variable resistor VR1 for adjusting the brightness of the LED light emitting unit 1, and a capacitor. It is a programmable unijunction circuit (circuit which can set the timing which discharges gate charge programmableally) comprised from C1, C2.
In the discharge timing setting circuit 25, the collector of the transistor Q5 and the base of the transistor Q6 are connected. The discharge timing setting circuit 25 is constantly set to compare the emitter voltage (A) and the base voltage (G) of the transistor Q5 so that the collector current flows at the timing when the base voltage becomes lower than the emitter voltage. That is, by turning on both the transistors Q5 and Q6, a current (K) flows through the resistor R9, and the dimming timing can be determined. The dimming timing is changed by changing the variable resistor VR1.

Next, the operation of the dimming unit will be described in detail.
When the power source side E1 of the commercial power source E is positive, the main current is from the power source side E1 of the commercial power source E to the LED light emitting unit 1, resistor R1, diode D5, resistor R5, resistor R6, capacitor C1, and built-in diode of MOS-FET Q2. It flows to the power supply side E2 of the commercial power supply E through D2, and the capacitor C1 is charged. When the ground side E2 of the commercial power source E is positive, the main current is supplied from the ground side E2 of the commercial power source E through the resistor R2, the diode D6, the capacitor C1, and the built-in diode D1 of the MOS-FET Q1. The current flows to E1, and the capacitor C1 is charged. That is, the main current that has passed through the diodes D5 and D6 becomes a full-wave rectified DC power supply with pulsating current, and the capacitor C1 is charged with the full-wave rectified voltage.

When the power source E1 of the commercial power source E is positive, the main current flows from the power source side E1 of the commercial power source E to the gate of the MOS-FET Q2 through the LED light emitting unit 1, the resistor R1, and the diode D3. At this time, the gate voltage is charged to the gate of the MOS-FET Q2 by a voltage that is limited to the specified voltage of the MOS-FET Q2 by the Zener diode ZD2. Since the drain-source voltage of the MOS-FET Q2 is a reverse voltage, the MOS-FET Q2 is not turned on even when the gate of the MOS-FET Q2 is charged.
On the other hand, when the ground side E2 of the commercial power source E is positive, the main current flows from the ground side E2 of the commercial power source E through the resistor R2 and the diode D4 to the gate of the MOS-FET Q1. At this time, the gate voltage is charged to the gate of the MOS-FET Q1 at a voltage that is limited to the specified voltage of the MOS-FET Q1 by the Zener diode ZD1. Since the drain-source voltage of the MOS-FET Q1 is a reverse voltage, the MOS-FET Q1 is not turned on even if the gate of the MOS-FET Q1 is charged.

When the AC waveform changes to the next cycle and the ground side E2 of the commercial power source E becomes positive with the gate charge of the MOS-FET Q2 charged at the specified voltage, the drain-source region of the MOS-FET Q2 is It turns on and flows from the ground side E2 of the commercial power source E to the MOS-FET Q2, the diode D1, the LED light emitting unit 1, and the power source side E1 of the commercial power source E, and the LED light emitting unit 1 is turned on.
Further, when the AC waveform changes to the next cycle and the power supply side E1 of the commercial power supply E becomes positive while the gate charge of the MOS-FET Q1 is charged with the specified voltage, the drain-source of the MOS-FET Q1 The power source side E1 of the commercial power source E turns on, the LED light emitting unit L, the MOS-FET Q1, the diode D2, and the ground side E2 of the commercial power source E flow, and the LED light emitting unit 1 is turned on.

In the present invention, the dimming timing is determined by the timing at which the discharge timing setting circuit 25 turns on the transistors Q3 and Q4 of the gate charge discharge circuit 23.
For example, when the LED light emitting unit 1 is turned on with the drain-source of the MOS-FET Q1 turned on, the drain-source voltage (forward voltage of about 0.7 V) of the MOS-FET Q1 is the resistance R1, the diode A forward voltage of about 0.7 V is applied to the base of transistor Q5 via D5, resistor R5, and resistor R6. At this time, since the voltage charged in the capacitor C1 is higher than the base voltage of the transistor Q5, the charge in the capacitor C1 is discharged. When the base voltage of the transistor Q5 decreases and drops below the emitter voltage due to the discharge of the capacitor C1, the transistors Q5 and Q6 are both turned on. When both the transistors Q5 and Q6 are turned on, a current flows through the emitter resistor R9 of the transistor Q6.
8A shows the emitter voltage waveform of the transistor Q5, FIG. 8B shows the base voltage waveform of the transistor Q5, and FIG. 8C shows the emitter voltage waveform of the transistor Q6.

When a current flows through the emitter resistor R9, a current flows through the resistor R8 and the wiring 30 to the bases of the transistors Q3 and Q4 of the gate charge discharge circuit 23 to discharge the gate charge on the MOS-FET Q1 side of the main current switching circuit 21. Thus, the MOS-FET Q1 can be turned off at a certain point in a half cycle. Simultaneously with the turning-off of the MOS-FET Q1, the gate charge charging circuit 24 energizes the gate of the MOS-FET Q2 to allow the charge to be charged. Is possible.
In FIG. 9, (a) is the drain-source voltage waveform of the MOS-FET Q1 at 90 degrees dimming, (b) is the emitter voltage waveform of the transistor Q6, and (c) is at 90 degrees dimming. It is a voltage waveform across the LED light emitting unit 1. Note that the MOS-FET Q1 is turned off when the emitter voltage waveform (shaded pulse) of the transistor Q6 in FIG. 9B is generated, and the gate of the MOS-FET Q2 is charged with the voltage in FIG.
The timing of dimming is determined by the discharge time of the capacitor C1. The set value of the discharge time of the capacitor C1 can be determined by the variable resistor VR1 and the resistor R7 connected in parallel to the capacitor C1.

As described above, by discharging the charge stored in the gate of the switching element at the timing of dimming, energization of the LED light emitting unit 1 can be stopped in the middle of the half cycle. At the same time, the main current, which has been de-energized in the middle, is supplied to the gate of the switching element on the opposite phase side to charge the charge, thereby turning on the switching element on the opposite phase side when the next half cycle starts. be able to. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4E, it is possible to supply a dimmed current waveform to the LED array 11 of the LED light emitting unit 1, and dimming is performed by repeating the operation every half cycle. Therefore, there is no need to provide a power supply unit using a current transformer as in the prior art, and the dimming unit case can be downsized. Further, there is no need for phase control by a CPU or the like, and it is possible to connect the antiphase device 20, the commercial power source E, and the LED light emitting unit 1 with two wires.
In the present embodiment, the MOS-FET is applied as the switching element, but an IGBT or the like can be applied in addition to the MOS-FET. When the IGBT is applied, the drain-source of the MOS-FET corresponds to the collector-emitter.

As described above, the LED lighting device according to the first embodiment turns on the commercial power supply E by sequentially turning on each time it exceeds the forward voltage (about 3.5V × 2 = 7V) for two lighting LEDs. An LED light emitting function with excellent light conversion efficiency that is turned on in almost all cycles and an anti-phase control light control function are provided. For this reason, the LED lighting device is energy saving and economically beneficial. In general, the life of the white LED for illumination (period in which the luminous flux maintenance rate is reduced to 70%) is 40,000 hours. If the LED is turned on for 10 hours per day, it does not need to be replaced for more than 11 years. Therefore, the economic effect is great.
Note that the LED light-emitting units 1 of the LED lighting device can be connected in parallel, and the dimming unit 2 can also be connected to 10 units or more by designing according to this parallel connection. In addition, a combination of a large number of LEDs having different emission colors can be used as a substitute for a conventional lighting device (light bulb, fluorescent lamp, etc.).

The dimming unit 2 according to the present embodiment includes an antiphase device 20 in the middle of the main current circuit 12. Thereby, since the connection between the antiphase device 20, the AC power source E, and the LED light emitting unit 1 can be performed with two wires, the conventional indoor wiring change is not necessary.
The dimming unit 2 stores electric charge in the gate of the anti-phase side switching element by the main current flowing through the main current circuit 12 simultaneously with dimming, and turns on the anti-phase side switching element in the next half cycle. Therefore, it is not necessary to use a power supply unit using a current transformer, and the dimmer unit case can be downsized. Further, since the phase control by the CPU or the like is not used as in the prior art, it can be formed as a simple circuit. As a result, the dimmer unit case can be further reduced in size, and an inexpensive dimmer unit can be provided.

  Furthermore, since the dimming unit 2 of the present embodiment uses the main current switching circuit 21 composed of switching elements connected in reverse in series to perform antiphase control, high frequency noise and noise in the audible region are reduced, and low noise is reversed. The phase device 20 can be provided. In addition, since the noise can be reduced without using a noise suppressing choke coil or the like, the dimmer unit case can be further downsized.

  According to the experiment of the LED lighting device of the present embodiment, when charge is stored at the gate specified voltage 15V of the MOS-FET Q1 or Q2, the drain-source of the MOS-FET Q1 or Q2 is turned on with the specified voltage. I was able to. Further, dimming of 500 W was possible.

In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, Of course, a various modification and application example are possible. For example, the following modifications can be applied as the circuit structure of the LED light emitting unit 1 of the LED lighting device.
[Modification 1]
FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing Modification 1 of the LED light emitting unit according to the first embodiment.
As shown in the figure, the LED light emitting unit 1 may employ a constant current diode D in the constant current circuit portions CC2, CC3, CC4,. The features of the constant current circuit portions CC2, CC3, CC4,... Are that the circuit constituted by a plurality of bipolar transistors and resistors in the first embodiment is replaced with a single constant current diode D and the circuit is simplified. It is in. If the design considering the withstand voltage of the constant current diode D is performed, the same effect as the constant current circuit of the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, by using a resistor instead of the constant current diode D and setting a resistance value for each stage of the LED array 11, an equivalent operation can be performed.

[Modification 2]
FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing Modification Example 2 of the LED light emitting unit according to the first embodiment.
As shown in the figure, the LED light emitting unit 1 is provided with branch paths B1, B2, B3,... Connected to the cathode side end of the LED array 11 for each LED of the LED array 11, and each of the branch paths B1, B2,. It is possible to connect the constant current circuit parts CC2, CC3, CC4,... To B3,..., And sequentially turn on the LEDn at the uppermost stage each time the forward voltage (about 3.5 V) is exceeded. Also in this case, if the constant current diode D is applied to the constant current circuit units CC2, CC3, CC4,... As the current dividing limiting means and the design considering the breakdown voltage is performed, the same operation as the constant current circuit according to the first embodiment is achieved. An effect can be obtained. The constant current circuit sections CC2, CC3, CC4,... Can be replaced with transistor circuits as shown in the first embodiment instead of the constant current diode D. In addition, a resistor is used, and an LED array is used. By setting a resistance value for each of the 11 stages, an equivalent operation can be performed.

[Modification 3]
FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing a third modification of the LED light emitting unit according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 13 is a waveform diagram showing the relationship between voltage and current in the LED light emitting unit of FIG.
As shown in FIG. 12, the LED light-emitting unit 1 includes a constant current circuit unit serving as a shunt limiting unit and a current limiting circuit and a constant current circuit with a cutoff (hereinafter, the constant current circuit unit is cut). (Constant current circuit part CC 'with OFF).
The circuit configuration will be described based on the constant current circuit portion CC2 ′ with cut-off in FIG. 12. A resistor R03 is inserted between the collector and base of the transistor Q03, and the collector of the transistor Q04 is connected between the emitter and base. The bases are connected so as to face each other. That is, the base of the transistor Q03 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q04, and the emitter of the transistor Q03 is connected to the base of the transistor Q04. Further, a resistor R04 is inserted between the emitter and base of the transistor Q04. The collector-emitter of the transistor 04 is connected so that the collector-emitter of the transistor 05 is in parallel. That is, the collector of transistor Q05 is connected to the collector of transistor Q04, and the emitter of transistor Q05 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q04. Further, the base of the transistor 05 is connected to the anode side of the LED 2 via the resistor R5. As described above, the constant current circuit portion CC2 ′ with cut-off is formed, and the following constant current circuit portions CC3 ′, CC4 ′,. The constant current circuit unit CC1 employs a circuit similar to that of the first embodiment.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the LED light emitting unit 1 will be described. When the AC voltage exceeds the forward voltage of about two LEDs (about 3.5V × 2 = 7V), the current flows from the LEDn arranged at the top of FIG. 12 to the constant current circuit unit CC2 ′ with cut-off. . Furthermore, a current flows to the base of the transistor Q03 by the resistor R03 of the constant current circuit portion CC2 'with cutoff, and Q03 is turned on. As a result, the resistor R04, the LED1, and the constant current circuit unit CC1 are energized. In the constant current circuit portion CC1, a current flows through the base of the transistor Q02 by the resistor R02 and the transistor Q02 is turned on. As a result, the current flows to the negative electrode side of the full-wave rectifier circuit 10 via the resistor R01, and both LED1 and LEDn are turned on.

  However, in the circuit configuration of the constant current circuit section CC2 ′ with cut-off, the constant current limited current continues to flow through the LEDs 1 and LEDn, but the power supply voltage rises with time and the four forward voltages of the LEDs When the voltage reaches a minute, current starts to flow through LED2 and LEDn-1. As a result, current flows into the base of the transistor Q05 via the resistor R05. That is, the transistor Q05 is turned on and the transistor Q03 is turned off. As a result, the current flowing through the LEDs 1 and LEDn through the constant current circuit portion CC2 'with cutoff is cut off (cut off). However, the current flowing through LED2, LEDn-1, constant current circuit section CC2 ′ with cut-off, constant current circuit section CC1 flows to constant current circuit section CC3 ′ with cut-off, and the current path is smooth. To be migrated.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13, the current waveform of the commercial power supply E supplied to the LED light emitting unit 1 flows to the LED array 11 every time the voltage rises with time and reaches the voltage of two forward voltages. A waveform for switching the current path is drawn, such as a constant current circuit section CC2 ′ path with cutoff, a constant current circuit section CC3 ′ path with cutoff, a constant current circuit section CC4 ′ path with cutoff, and so on. As a result, the LED array 11 can be turned on more smoothly from the upper and lower LEDs.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram showing an LED light emitting unit according to the second embodiment.
As shown in the figure, the LED light emitting unit 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a full-wave rectifier circuit 10 and an LED array 11 as in the first embodiment. The LED light emitting unit 1 of the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the branch ends B1 ′, B2 ′,... Connecting the anode end of the LED array 11 and the anodes of the LEDs 1, 2,. , Bn-1 ′ are provided, and the branch circuit portions S1, S2,..., Sn-1 as the branching restricting means are disposed on the branch paths B1 ′, B2 ′,.
The configuration of this circuit will be described based on the shunt circuit portion S1 in FIG. 14. In the transistor Q01, a resistor R01 is inserted between the collector and the base, and between the collector and the emitter of the transistor Q02 with respect to the emitter and the base. Is connected. The transistor Q02 has an emitter connected to the anode side of the LED 1, and a base connected to the emitter of the transistor Q04 disposed in the shunt circuit section S2 via the resistor R02. The shunt circuit unit S1 is formed as described above, and the following shunt circuit units S2, S3, S4,. A current limiting resistor R0 that limits the current flowing through the LED array 11 is inserted between the negative electrode terminal of the LED array 11 and the negative electrode side of the full-wave rectifier circuit 10.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the LED light emitting unit 1 of the second embodiment will be described. When the AC voltage exceeds the forward voltage (about 3.5 V) for one LED, the shunt circuit portion S1 arranged at the bottom of FIG. 14 causes a current to flow to the base of the transistor Q01 by the resistor R01, and Q01 Turn on. As a result, current flows to the positive side of the full-wave rectifier circuit 10, the transistors Q01 and LED1, the current limiting resistor R0, and the negative side of the full-wave rectifier circuit 10, and the LED 1 is turned on.

  Next, when the AC voltage rises and exceeds the forward voltage (about 7.0 V) of the two lighting LEDs, current is passed to the base of the transistor Q03 by the resistor R03 in the shunt circuit section S2 arranged in the next stage. Flows and Q03 is turned on. Therefore, in the shunt circuit portion S01, a current flows to the base of the transistor Q02 by the resistor R02, and Q02 is turned on. When the transistor Q02 is turned on, the base and emitter of Q01 are short-circuited, so that Q01 is turned off and the current of the shunt circuit portion S1 is turned off. However, at this time, in the shunt circuit portion S2 arranged at the second stage at the same time, Q03 is on, and as a result, the current is on the positive side of the full-wave rectifier circuit 10, transistors Q03, LED2, LED1, current limiter. The resistor R0 flows to the negative side of the full-wave rectifier circuit 10, and both the LED2 and the LED1 are turned on.

Each time the AC voltage rises by about 3.5 V, the LEDs 1, 2,..., N are turned on sequentially from the lower stage by switching the shunt circuit portions S1, S2,. Will do. At this time, since the current flowing through the LEDs 1, 2,..., N flows only through the current limiting resistor R0, the heat loss due to the resistance is minimized.
Since the LED light emitting unit 1 of the second embodiment employs a method of following the AC voltage, the LED immediately starts to turn on, and the light conversion efficiency with respect to the supply voltage is good and the brightness of the LED is high. It increases. When the AC voltage starts to drop below the peak voltage, the LEDs n arranged at the top are turned off one by one, but the commercial power supply E (when the frequency is 50 Hz) is full-wave rectified. Therefore, the frequency of the pulsating power supply is doubled (100 Hz), and LED flickering is not perceived.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram showing an LED light emitting unit according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 16 is a waveform diagram showing a relationship between voltage and current in the LED light emitting unit of FIG.
As shown in FIG. 15, also in the LED light emitting unit 1 according to the present embodiment, the anode-side termination of the LED array 11 is connected to the positive-side output terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit 10. Further, the cathode-side termination of the LED array 11 is connected to the negative-side output terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit 10 through a constant current circuit unit CC as a current limiting unit that limits the current flowing through the LED array 11.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, the anode side terminal of the LED array 11 and the anodes of the LEDs 1, 2,..., N are connected by branch paths B1 ′, B2 ′,. Current limiting resistors CLR1, CLR2,..., CLRn are inserted into the respective branch paths B1 ′, B2 ′,.
In addition, a current path selection circuit CS is inserted in a path connecting the anode end of the LED array 11 and each of the branch paths B1 ′, B2 ′,..., Bn ′. When the voltage output from the full-wave rectifier circuit 10 reaches the sum of the forward voltages necessary for causing all LEDs in the LED array 11 to emit light, the current path selection circuit CS has the branch paths 1 ′ and B2 A current path selection means for cutting off the flow of current to ', ..., Bn' is configured.

  The current limiting resistors CLR1, CLR2,..., CLRn are set to the same resistance value so that the LEDs 1, 2,. For example, when a current of 5 mA is applied to each of the current limiting resistors CLR1, CLR2,..., CLRn, each current limiting resistor CLR is applied to apply a voltage of 3.5V to each of the LEDs 1, 2,. 700Ω may be used.

Here, the number of LEDs connected by the branch paths B1 ′, B2 ′,..., Bn is the sum of the forward voltages necessary for causing the LEDs to emit light via the branch paths. It is set to a number up to the sum of forward voltages necessary for causing the LED to emit light. For example, assuming that the total forward voltage necessary for causing all the LEDs of the LED array 11 to emit light is 100V, if 3.5V is necessary for causing one LED to emit light, 100 / 3.5 = 28.57. In addition, since the number of LEDs connected through the branch path is an even number, the number of LEDs connected through the branch paths B1 ′, B2 ′,..., Bn is thirty. However, since the peak value of the commercial voltage 100V reaches 141.4V, the number of LEDs is determined in consideration of the maximum allowable voltage of one LED.
The LEDs n + 1, n + 2,..., N + m (LEDs close to the anode end of the LED array 11) exceeding this number are not provided with a branch path.

  The current path selection circuit CS includes NPN-type bipolar transistors Q03 and 04, resistors R03, 04 and 05, and a constant current diode D02. Transistor Q03 has a collector connected between the positive side of full-wave rectifier circuit 10 and the positive terminal of LED array 11. The transistor Q03 has an emitter connected to one end of the resistor R03, and the other end of the resistor R03 is connected to a common terminal of the current limiting resistor CLR. The base of the transistor Q03 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q03 via the constant current diode D02, and is further connected to the collector of the transistor Q04. The emitter of the transistor Q04 is connected between the other end of the resistor R03 and the common terminal of the current limiting resistor CLR. The base of the transistor Q04 is connected to one ends of the resistors R04 and R05, and the other end of the resistor R05 is connected between the LEDn + 1 cathode side of the LED array 11 and the anode side of the LEDn. With this configuration, the light emitting unit 1 can selectively change the current path to the current path K1 flowing through the current path selection circuit CS and the current path K2 flowing through the LED array.

  The resistor R04 is for setting the bias voltage of the transistor Q04, the resistor R05 is for setting the base current of the transistor Q04, and the resistor R03 is the emitter resistance of the transistor Q3. The diode D01 is inserted to prevent backflow to the common terminal of the current limiting resistor CLR via the current limiting resistor CLRn immediately after the current path K1 is cut off. In the case where a current flows backward through each current limiting resistor CLR, it is desirable to insert a diode D in series with the other current limiting resistors CLR.

Hereinafter, the operation of the LED light emitting unit 1 will be described.
When the output voltage from the full-wave rectifier circuit 10 exceeds a forward voltage (for example, about 3.5 V) that can cause one LED to emit light, the current path selection circuit CS causes the transistor Q03 to pass through the constant current diode D02. A current flows through the base of Q3 and Q03 is turned on. As a result, a current flows through the resistor R03, the branch path B1 ′, the current limiting resistor CLR1, the LED1, and the constant current circuit unit CC. In the constant current circuit portion CC, a current flows through the base of the transistor Q02 by the resistor R02 and the transistor Q02 is turned on. As a result, current flows through the resistor R01 to the negative side of the full-wave rectifier circuit 10, and the LED 1 is turned on.
Next, when the output voltage from the full-wave rectifier circuit 10 exceeds the forward voltage (about 3.5V × 2 = 7V) for two illumination LEDs, the current path selection circuit CS passes through the constant current diode D02. A current flows through the base of the transistor Q03, and Q03 is turned on. As a result, a current flows through the resistor R03, the branch paths B1 ′, B2 ′, the current limiting resistors CLR1, 2, LED2, LED1, and the constant current circuit section CC. In the constant current circuit portion CC, a current flows through the base of the transistor Q02 by the resistor R02 and the transistor Q02 is turned on. As a result, current flows to the negative electrode side of the full-wave rectifier circuit 10 via the resistor R01, and both the LED2 and LED1 are turned on.

  As described above, the LED light emitting unit sequentially turns from LED1 to LEDn each time the AC voltage exceeds the forward voltage (about 3.5V) of one LED by passing the current path K1 when the current rises. I will make you jealous.

  Furthermore, when the output voltage from the full-wave rectifier circuit 10 reaches the total forward voltage (for example, 100 V) necessary for causing all LEDs in the LED array 11 to emit light, the current path selection circuit CS determines the current in FIG. A current is passed through the LED array 11 in series through the path K2. Thereby, all the LEDs 1, 2,..., N−1, n,.

  Further, when a current flows through LEDn + 1 through the current path K2, a current also flows through the resistor R05 connected to the cathode side of LEDn + 1. In the current path selection circuit CS, the resistor R05 is connected to the base of the transistor Q04. Therefore, a current flows into the base of the transistor Q04 via the resistor R05, and the transistor Q04 is turned on. Since the collector of the transistor Q04 is connected to the base of the transistor Q03, when the transistor Q04 is turned on, the base and emitter of the transistor Q03 are short-circuited, the base current of the transistor Q3 is drawn, and the transistor Q03 is turned off. Become. As a result, the current path K1 is interrupted. Since the current flowing in the current path K1 is limited to the constant current diode D02, it is reduced to 3 to 4 mA. That is, the current passes through the current path K2 when the AC voltage exceeds the set voltage of the LED array 11. Will be selected.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 16, when the AC voltage is equal to or lower than the set voltage of the LED array 11, the current path K1 is selected, and when the AC voltage is equal to or higher than the set voltage of the LED array 11, the current path K2 is selected. The current distribution. By switching the current path in this way, the heat loss of each resistor can be reduced, and the circuit can emit light with energy saving and can be manufactured at low cost.

It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the LED lighting apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a circuit diagram of the LED lighting apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating a circuit portion of an LED light emitting unit extracted from the entire circuit of FIG. 2. It is a wave form diagram which shows the relationship between the voltage in the LED light emission unit of 1st Embodiment, and an electric current, (a) is a voltage waveform of a commercial power source, (b) is a voltage waveform which carried out full wave rectification, (c) is supplied to an LED array. (D) is an enlarged view of a portion X in (c), and (e) is a voltage and current waveform when 90 ° dimming is performed by the dimming unit. It is the schematic compared with the current waveform of the LED light emission unit which concerns on 1st Embodiment, and the current waveform of the conventional LED lighting apparatus. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating a circuit portion of a dimming unit extracted from the entire circuit of FIG. 2. It is a block diagram which shows typically the effect | action of the light control unit of 1st Embodiment. It is a wave form diagram of each voltage in the light control unit of a 1st embodiment, (a) is an emitter voltage waveform of transistor Q5, (b) is a base voltage waveform of transistor Q5, (c) is an emitter voltage waveform of transistor Q6. is there. It is a wave form diagram of each voltage at the time of light control in the light control unit of a 1st embodiment, (a) is a voltage waveform between drain-source of MOS-FETQ1 at the time of light control 90 degrees, (b) is an emitter of transistor Q6 A voltage waveform, (c), is a voltage waveform at both ends of the LED light-emitting unit 1 when the dimming is 90 degrees. It is a circuit diagram which shows the modification 1 of the LED light emission unit which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a circuit diagram which shows the modification 2 of the LED light emission unit which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a circuit diagram which shows the modification 3 of the LED light emission unit which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a wave form diagram which shows the relationship between the voltage in the LED light emission unit of FIG. 12, and an electric current. It is a circuit diagram which shows the LED light emission unit which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a circuit diagram which shows the LED light emission unit which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a wave form diagram which shows the relationship between the voltage in the LED light emission unit of FIG. 16, and an electric current. It is a circuit diagram which shows the structure of the conventional LED lighting apparatus. It is a voltage-current waveform diagram for demonstrating the subject which the conventional LED lighting apparatus has.

Explanation of symbols

1: LED light emitting unit, 2: dimming unit, 3: ceramic sheet, 4: cover,
10: full wave rectification circuit, 11: LED array, 12: main current circuit,
20: reverse phase device, 21: main current switching circuit, 22: control unit, 23: gate charge discharging circuit, 24: gate charge charging circuit, 25: discharge timing setting circuit, 30: wiring B, B ′: branching path, CC: constant current circuit section, CC ′: constant current circuit section with cut-off, CS: current path selection circuit, E: commercial power supply, LED: light emitting diode, Q: transistor, R: resistor, S: shunt circuit section

Claims (12)

An LED light emitting method for turning on an LED array formed by connecting a plurality of light emitting diodes in series,
When the AC power supply is full-wave rectified and the voltage subjected to full-wave rectification does not reach a value that can light all the light-emitting diodes constituting the LED array, the individual light-emitting diodes constituting the LED array An LED light emitting method characterized by sequentially causing a current to flow to cause the light emitting diode to emit light. The LED light emitting method according to claim 1,
When the full-wave rectified voltage exceeds a value capable of turning on all the light emitting diodes constituting the LED array, control is performed so that a current flows in series from one end of the LED array to the other end. An LED light emitting method characterized by that. An LED illumination device for turning on an LED array formed by connecting a plurality of light emitting diodes in series,
It has an LED light emitting unit for causing the LED array to emit light, and the LED light emitting unit is
A full-wave rectifier circuit for full-wave rectification of the AC power supply;
A branch path for branching the current output from the full-wave rectifier circuit to an arbitrary light emitting diode constituting the LED array;
A diversion restricting means for restricting a current flowing to an arbitrary light emitting diode via the branch path;
An LED lighting device comprising: An LED illumination device for turning on an LED array formed by connecting a plurality of light emitting diodes in series,
It has an LED light emitting unit for causing the LED array to emit light, and the LED light emitting unit is
A full-wave rectifier circuit for full-wave rectification of an AC power supply;
Connecting the anode end of the LED array to the positive output terminal of the full wave rectifier circuit, and connecting the cathode end of the LED array to the negative output terminal of the full wave rectifier circuit,
Furthermore, the anode of the light emitting diode positioned first from the cathode end of the LED array and the cathode of the light emitting diode positioned first from the cathode end of the LED array are connected by a branch path,
Similarly, the anode of the light emitting diode located at the nth (n is an arbitrary natural number) counted from the cathode side end of the LED array and the light emission located at the nth counted from the cathode side end of the LED array. Connect the cathode of the diode with a branch path,
A device for LED illumination, wherein each branch path is provided with a shunt limiting means for limiting a current flowing through the branch path. The LED lighting device according to claim 3 or 4,
The LED diverter is characterized in that the diversion restricting means limits the current flowing through the branch path to a value necessary and sufficient to cause an arbitrary light emitting diode to emit light via the branch path. The LED lighting device according to any one of claims 3 to 5,
The LED lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the diversion limiting means is a constant current circuit provided in the branch path. An LED illumination device for turning on an LED array formed by connecting a plurality of light emitting diodes in series,
It has an LED light emitting unit for causing the LED array to emit light, and the LED light emitting unit is
A full-wave rectifier circuit for full-wave rectification of an AC power supply;
A branch path for branching the current output from the full-wave rectifier circuit to an arbitrary light emitting diode constituting the LED array;
Current limiting means for limiting the current flowing in the LED array;
An LED lighting device comprising: An LED illumination device for turning on an LED array formed by connecting a plurality of light emitting diodes in series,
It has an LED light emitting unit for causing the LED array to emit light, and the LED light emitting unit is
A full-wave rectifier circuit for full-wave rectification of an AC power supply;
The anode end of the LED array is connected to the positive output terminal of the full wave rectifier circuit, and the cathode end of the LED array is connected to the negative output terminal of the full wave rectifier circuit,
Furthermore, the anode end of the LED array and the anode of the light emitting diode positioned first from the cathode end of the LED array are connected by a branch path,
Similarly, the anode end of the LED array and the anode of the light emitting diode located at the nth (n is an arbitrary natural number) counted from the cathode end of the LED array are sequentially connected by a branch path. ,
And an LED lighting device comprising: current limiting means for limiting a current flowing through the LED array. The LED lighting device according to claim 7 or 8,
Between the anode end of the LED array and each branch path, the voltage output from the full-wave rectifier circuit reaches the sum of the forward voltages required for causing all the light-emitting diodes of the LED array to emit light. When the LED lighting device is provided, current path selection means for cutting off the flow of current to each branch path is provided. In the LED lighting device according to any one of claims 7 to 9,
The LED lighting device, wherein the current limiting means is configured to limit a current flowing through the LED array to a value necessary and sufficient to cause each light emitting diode constituting the LED array to emit light. The LED lighting device according to any one of claims 7 to 10,
The LED lighting device, wherein the current limiting means is a constant current circuit provided in a path from a cathode of the LED array to a negative terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit. The LED lighting device according to any one of claims 3 to 11,
A dimming unit for controlling the main current flowing from the AC power source to the main current circuit that returns to the AC power source via the full-wave rectifier circuit,
The dimming unit includes a main current switching circuit including a switching element connected in series to the main current circuit, and a control unit that controls the main current flowing through the main current switching circuit.
The control unit includes: a gate charge discharging circuit that controls off by discharging a gate charge of a switching element through which a main current of the main current circuit flows; and a switching element on the opposite phase side of the main current simultaneously with the off control of the main current A gate charge charging circuit for charging the gate with current by charging, a gate charge discharging circuit for operating the gate charge discharging circuit at a predetermined timing, and a discharge timing setting circuit for determining the timing. LED lighting device.

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