JP2009118172A - Radio communication system, and information communication system and feeding surveillance control system using radio communication system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To smoothly and reliably perform regular collection of meter-reading data, the distribution of control data, or the like to the unit wattmeter of each house in a feeding surveillance control system enabling remote meter reading. <P>SOLUTION: In respective unit wattmeters T1-1, T1-2, ... and the like disposed in a tree from gateways GWa, GWb, a main telephone number (upper stage in Fig.) used under normal conditions and a subtelephone number (lower stage in Fig.) used under faulty conditions are preset, when transferring data in a PHS transceiver mode. When a fault occurs in the unit wattmeter T3-5, the unit wattmeter T2-10 under the unit wattmeter T3-5 is changed to the telephone number of a subroute to call the unit wattmeters T4-4, T3-4, T2-8, ... and the like of the subroute, thus smoothly and reliably performing the regular collection of meter-reading data, the distribution of control data, or the like without delay. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention provides a network in which a plurality of wireless communication devices have a plurality of hierarchies from the highest base station to the lowest terminal station, and data to be transmitted / received by each wireless communication device The present invention relates to a radio communication system that is relayed by a higher-level radio communication apparatus and transmitted to and received from the base station, an information communication system using the radio communication system, and a power supply monitoring control system.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-133561 discloses a typical conventional technique in which the wireless communication system as described above is used for meter reading of electricity, gas, water, and the like. In this conventional technology, meter reading data is sucked up and integrated into the wireless communication device on the upper side, and further transferred to the upper side, so that the base terminal station is less time-consuming than polling each terminal station individually. Can collect data.
JP 2000-187793 A

  However, in the method of Patent Document 1, since data is transferred sequentially through each layer, if a failure or abnormality occurs in one of the wireless communication devices serving as a relay station, the meter reading in the wireless communication device is performed. There is a problem that not only data but also meter reading data of all wireless communication devices on the lower side cannot be collected.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a wireless communication system capable of reliably collecting and distributing data, an information communication system using the wireless communication system, and a power supply monitoring control system.

  The wireless communication system of the present invention comprises a plurality of wireless communication devices including communication means and storage means arranged in a tree shape having a plurality of hierarchies from the highest base station to the lowest terminal station. The communication means of the wireless communication device communicates with the communication means of another wireless communication device having the identification information stored in the storage means, so that data to be transmitted / received by each wireless communication device is higher than the own device. In a wireless communication system that is relayed by the wireless communication device and transmitted / received to / from the base station, at least a part of the wireless communication device stores data based on a plurality of route tables in which at least a part of the tree structure is different In the means, a plurality of identification information is set in accordance with the priority order, the communication result of the communication means is monitored, and if communication with the base station cannot be performed on the route during communication, the communication means , Priority, characterized in that it comprises a communication control unit for causing the communication route by the wireless communication device identification information of the next order.

  According to the above configuration, the wireless communication device is configured to include the communication unit and the storage unit, and the wireless communication device is arranged in a tree shape having a plurality of hierarchies from the highest base station to the lowest terminal station. In the route that follows the hierarchy in sequence, that is, the route that passes through the wireless communication device on the higher side than the own device, the sensing data generated in each wireless communication device is sequentially transferred to the base station, or at the base station In a wireless communication system in which generated control data and the like are sequentially transferred to each wireless communication device, at least some of the wireless communication devices are configured to communicate with each other via a route other than the base station or another relay station. It has a route to communicate with the base station. Then, identification information such as the address, ID, and telephone number of the wireless communication device that becomes the relay station in the plurality of routes is stored in the storage means with the priority set, and the communication control means The communication result of the means is monitored, and when communication with the base station cannot be performed via the currently communicating route, the communication means is made to communicate with the route by the wireless communication apparatus having the next highest priority identification information. That is, the at least some of the wireless communication devices have a plurality of routes of a main route and a spare sub route in advance, and a failure or power outage of a higher-order wireless communication device whose main route is a relay station, radio wave interference, etc. If it becomes unusable, it automatically switches to the sub route so that it can communicate with the base station.

  Therefore, regular sensing data collection, control data distribution, and the like can be performed without delay. In addition, when a new route is reconstructed when a certain route becomes unusable, if a relay station in a range close to the own device becomes unusable, reconstruct with a route that avoids that relay station. There is a high possibility that it can be done, but if a relay station that is far from the own aircraft becomes unusable, even if another route can be reconstructed around the own aircraft, it will go through the same relay station that can no longer be used on the upper side There is a possibility, and it is possible to eliminate such a problem by constructing a spare sub route in advance.

  Further, in the wireless communication system of the present invention, the communication means of each wireless communication device has a plurality of identification information of its own device according to the priority order, and at the time of data transmission, the priority order of the wireless communication device of the communication partner It is characterized by using identification information according to the above.

  According to said structure, the communication means of each radio | wireless communication apparatus has two or more identification information of own machines, such as said address, ID, a telephone number, and can respond to both, but it is a communicating party at the time of transmission The identification information corresponding to the priority order of the previous wireless communication device is used.

  Therefore, when switching to the spare sub route, communication with another base station is performed using another identification information on another route, thereby collecting the scheduled sensing data and distributing the control data. The reliability of communication can be improved.

  Furthermore, in the wireless communication system of the present invention, each of the wireless communication devices further includes a timer, and the communication means responds to the timer from the terminal station side at a timing defined in its own unit for each predetermined period. The transferred data is transferred to the base station side, and the timing is defined to be different between wireless communication devices located in the same hierarchy and between wireless communication devices located under the same wireless communication device. The same timing is used between the wireless communication devices located under different wireless communication devices, and the timing corresponding to the identification information is stored together in the storage means. To do.

  According to the above configuration, each communication means can only communicate one-to-one, but when transmitting data from the terminal station (lower) side to the base station (upper) side, it is located in the lower layer of the same wireless communication device That is, between the wireless communication devices of the same tree, the transmission timing is shifted so that the one-to-one communication can be performed with the higher-order wireless communication device, and the wireless communication device located in the lower layer of the different wireless communication device, that is, the wireless of another tree The same transmission timing as that of the communication device can be used. And the transmission timing is memorize | stored in the said memory | storage means at the timing suitable for arrangement | positioning of the own machine in each route of the said main route and 1 or several sub route.

  Therefore, in a system having many layers and accommodating many wireless communication devices, it is possible to drastically reduce the time required for uplink data transmission, and even when switching from the main route to the sub route, each is appropriate. Transmission timing can be used.

  Preferably, the data transmitted from the terminal station (lower) side to the base station (upper) side is sensing data collected by each wireless communication device, and the terminal station (upper) side to the terminal station (lower) side The data transmitted to the terminal station is control data for the terminal station.

  Further preferably, the communication means performs communication in a PHS (Personal Handyphone System) transceiver mode.

  Furthermore, the information communication system of the present invention is characterized in that the wireless communication system includes a server device that handles data transmitted and received at the highest base station.

  According to said structure, the server apparatus can perform remote sensing, remote control, etc.

  In the information communication system of the present invention, the communication means sets a flag indicating prohibition of data transfer to the lower-level wireless communication device in the transmission data.

  According to the above configuration, when the upper wireless communication device in the main route cannot be used and communication is performed by switching to the sub route using the other wireless communication device, a failure occurs in the other wireless communication device, There is a possibility that another wireless communication device communicates with the wireless communication device on the lower side of the tree of the own device, and the same data from which the own device originates is transferred from the lower-level wireless communication device to the own device. If it is received and retransmitted to the same wireless communication apparatus in the other tree, an infinite loop is formed.

  Therefore, when another wireless communication device is used, the generation of such an infinite loop can be prevented beforehand by prohibiting the transfer of data to the lower-layer wireless communication device using a flag.

  Furthermore, in the information communication system of the present invention, when communicating with another base station, the communication means prohibits transfer of data to the transmission data and further to the tree of another base station. The flag which represents is set.

  According to the above configuration, the higher-level wireless communication device in the main route cannot be used and another base station is used, that is, when switching to the sub-root of the tree of another base station and performing communication, If a failure also occurs on the base station's tree side, the other base station's tree-side wireless communication devices communicate with the lower-level wireless communication devices of its own tree, and the lower-level wireless communication devices There is a possibility that the same data from which the own device originates may be transferred to the own device, and if the own device retransmits it to the same wireless communication device of the other tree, an infinite loop is formed. become.

  Therefore, when moving to another base station tree, the transfer of data is prohibited by a flag in advance so that it does not move to another base station tree in advance. It can be prevented in advance.

  In the information communication system of the present invention, a plurality of the highest base stations are provided under the server device, and the identification information stored in the storage means includes a route table to the plurality of base stations. The identification information of the wireless communication device based on is set.

  According to said structure, even if the tree of a main route stops functioning by having the route which communicates with another base station in the said sub route, it communicates with a server apparatus using the said sub route. Can be improved and reliability can be improved.

  Furthermore, in the information communication system of the present invention, the server device excludes at least a wireless communication device having a large electric field strength fluctuation from the main trunk of the tree.

  According to the above configuration, the hierarchy is set in advance in the tree, but the route table held by the server apparatus is adapted to the change in the radio wave environment in the actual usage state, and at least in reviewing the tree shape as appropriate, Since the radio wave environment of those large wireless communication devices including electric field strength fluctuations, preferably BER (Bit Error Rate), is unstable, the server device excludes the wireless communication device from the main trunk of the tree. Update.

  Therefore, the stability of the communication route can be improved.

  The power supply monitoring and control system of the present invention includes a watt-hour meter that acquires the sensing data and a load switch that performs switching control in response to the control data in the wireless communication device. It is characterized by comprising.

  According to the above configuration, the server device holds a route table that indicates how the wireless communication devices are arranged, periodically acquires watt-hour meter sensing data from each wireless communication device, The load switch can be controlled via each wireless communication device as necessary.

  Therefore, it is possible to collect power consumption by time of day and power outages due to moving in and out remotely at the power company sales office without the workers having to go directly to the contracted home or office. . As a result, it is possible to adopt a detailed fee system, or to quickly charge or power outage, and to improve customer service in the power company.

  As described above, the wireless communication system of the present invention includes a communication unit and a storage unit to form a wireless communication device, and in the wireless communication system in which the wireless communication device is arranged in a tree shape, at least a part of the wireless communication device is provided. If the communication device has a plurality of routes including a main route and a spare sub route in advance and cannot be used due to a failure, power failure, or radio wave failure of a higher-level wireless communication device whose main route is a relay station, communication control The means automatically switches to the sub route so that it can communicate with the base station.

  Therefore, regular sensing data collection and control data distribution can be performed without delay.

  Furthermore, as described above, the information communication system of the present invention includes the server device that handles data transmitted and received at the highest base station in the wireless communication system.

  Therefore, the server device can perform remote sensing and remote control.

  In addition, as described above, the power supply monitoring and control system of the present invention includes a watt-hour meter that acquires the sensing data and a load that performs opening and closing control in response to the control data in the wireless communication device. It consists of a switch.

  Therefore, it is possible to remotely collect power consumption by time and power outages associated with moving in and out at power company sales offices without going directly to contracted homes or offices. it can. As a result, it is possible to adopt a detailed fee system, or to quickly charge or power outage, and to improve customer service in the power company.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of a power supply monitoring control system according to an embodiment of the present invention. This power supply monitoring and control system is connected to a server device 1 installed at a business office of an electric power company and the server device 1 via a network 2 such as an in-house optical fiber network, and is one or a plurality of base stations. Gateways GWa, GWb, GWc,... (Generally referred to as reference numerals GW hereinafter), and unit power meters T1-1, T1-2, T1- that are the lowest terminal stations from the respective gateways GW 3 to the unit power meters T1-1, T1-2, T1-3,...; T2-1, T2-2,. T3-1, T3-2,... (Generally referred to as reference symbol T below).

  Each unit wattmeter T is similar to the structure previously proposed by the applicant of the present invention in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-292442 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-170787, and is configured as shown in FIG. . That is, the load switch 3, the watt-hour meter 4, and the wireless communication device 5 are arranged from the terminal block 6 side to which each distribution line in the house is connected. The watt-hour meter 4 reads the accumulated power amount every predetermined period, for example, every 30 minutes, and the wireless communication device 5 presets the meter-reading data as sensing data in each unit watt meter T as will be described later. Are transmitted toward the gateway GW to which the own device belongs, and are aggregated and input to the server device 1. On the other hand, control data for performing opening / closing of the load switch 3 and backup meter reading for retransmitting non-delivery meter data is transmitted from the server device 1 to each wireless communication device 5 via the gateway GW as necessary. Sent to

  The server device 1 holds a route table as shown in FIG. 1 showing how the unit wattmeters T are arranged. As described above, the server device 1 periodically receives data from the built-in wireless communication devices 5. In addition, the meter reading data of the watt-hour meter 4 can be acquired, and the load switch 3 can be controlled via each wireless communication device 5 as necessary. In addition, a power outage associated with moving in and out can be performed remotely at an electric power company sales office or the like without an operator having to go directly to a contracted home or office. As a result, it is possible to adopt a detailed fee structure, to promptly perform billing and power failure, and to improve customer service in the power company.

  It should be noted that in each unit wattmeter T, in the above-described conventional technology, a type-wired communication device that draws a communication signal line from a utility pole or the like is used for the portion of the wireless communication device 5. In the present invention, a communication operation is performed as follows using a device that performs wireless communication in a PHS (Personal Handyphone System) transceiver mode. In the PHS transceiver mode, when the line of sight is visible, communication is possible within a radius of 150 to 200 m, and each wireless communication device 5 communicates not only with the adjacent wireless communication device but also directly with the gateway GW in some cases. Is also possible.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the wireless communication device 5. The wireless communication device 5 stores the PHS wireless device 11 as communication means, a wireless communication control unit 12 and a timer 13 for controlling the communication, and parameters necessary for communication, and is a memory as storage means. 14, an input operation unit 15 that can set a part of the contents of the memory 14, a memory 16 that stores the communication status, an interface 21 that receives meter reading data from the watt-hour meter 4, An interface 22 that transmits control data to the load switch 3, an in-machine communication control unit 23 that controls communication with the watt hour meter 4 and the load switch 3, and a memory 24 that stores the meter-reading data as a backup. And a data processing unit 25 for performing merge / divide processing as will be described later in transmitting and receiving the meter reading data and control data from the wireless device 11, and the data Constructed and a working memory 26 for use in the factory.

  First, each wireless communication device 5 is set from the input operation unit 15, and stores its own phone number in the memory 14, the main phone number # 01 used in normal operation, and the secondary phone used in route failure. In addition to a plurality of numbers # 02, there are also two types of telephone numbers of higher-order parties (calling destinations) to which the meter-reading data is transferred: # 11 and # 21 in normal times and # 12 in emergency situations. The normal telephone numbers # 11 and # 21 are the telephone numbers of the unit wattmeters adjacent to the own device according to the hierarchy of the route table, and the emergency telephone number # 12 is the hierarchy of at least some of the unit wattmeters. This is the telephone number of the unit power meter that is not directly adjacent to the transcendence. Phone numbers # 11 and # 12 are phone numbers corresponding to the main phone number # 01, and phone numbers # 21 are phone numbers corresponding to the sub phone number # 02.

  Specifically, in the example of FIG. 1, unit power meters T1-1, T1-2, T1-3, T1-4, T1-5, which are the lowest terminal stations; T1-11, T1-12 (generic name) In this case, the main telephone number # 01 is a-300, a-310, a-320, a-330, a-340; b-300, b-310. Are registered in advance, and f-301, e-311, d-321, c-331, b-341; a-301, g-311 are registered in advance as sub-phone numbers # 02. Each unit power meter T has a telephone number # 01 of the main route in the normal state and a telephone number # 02 of a sub route, which will be described later, used when the main route fails. In the following explanation, In order to simplify the description, the description will first be made using the telephone number of the main route used in the normal state.

  Then, the telephone number # 11, which is the first identification information communicated at the normal time, has unit power meters T2-2, T2-4, T2-6, T2-8, and T2-10, which are higher stations. Telephone numbers a-120, a-140, a-160, a-180, a-200; b-120, b-140 of T2-12 and T1-14 are registered in advance. On the other hand, in the telephone number # 12 which is the second identification information communicated in the case of an emergency, the telephone numbers of unit power meters which are two or more higher stations, for example, unit power meters T1-11 and T1-12, respectively. The telephone numbers b-30 and b-80 of T4-11 and T3-12 are registered in advance.

  Similarly, in the example of FIG. 1, for example, the unit power meters T4-11 and T3-12 of the communication counterparts at the time of emergency of the unit power meters T1-11 and T1-12 have the main telephone number # 01 as the b −30 and b−80 are registered in advance, and a−31 and g−81 are registered in advance as the sub telephone number # 02. In addition, telephone numbers b-10 and b-30 of the unit power meters T5-11 and T4-11, which are one higher level, are registered in advance in the telephone number # 11 that communicates in the normal time. In addition, the telephone number of the gateway GWb is registered in advance as the telephone number # 12 for communication in an emergency, and the telephone numbers of the unit power meters T1-11 and T1-12 of the terminal stations are stored in the telephone number # 12. b-300 and b-310 are respectively registered in advance.

  In the wireless communication device 5 configured as described above, first, in the normal state which is the first operation mode, the wireless communication control unit 12 receives the meter reading data from the lower side received by the wireless device 11 as the data processing unit 25. To enter. On the other hand, the meter processing data received from the in-machine communication control unit 23 via the interface 21 and stored in the memory 24 is transmitted to the data processing unit 25 in advance by the meter reading data. It is read out every period, for example, every 30 minutes. Then, the data processing unit 25 uses the working memory 26 to perform processing for merging the input data, and creates new meter reading data.

  In the new meter-reading data, the radio communication control unit 12 is added with its own telephone number stored in the telephone number # 01 of the memory 14, for example, b-80 in the unit power meter T3-12. Thereafter, at a timing specified by the timer 13 as described later, the telephone number of the higher-order wireless communication apparatus adjacent to the own apparatus stored in the telephone number # 11 from the wireless apparatus 11, for example, the unit power meter In T3-12, b-30 of unit power meter T4-11 is called and transmitted.

  Thus, when the own device becomes a relay station and transfers data, the wireless communication control unit 12 merges the meter reading data from the lower side with the meter reading data from the lower side and transfers it to the upper side. However, the data length becomes longer as it becomes the base station (upper side) side, but the traffic can be greatly reduced as compared with the case where each wireless communication device individually transmits data to the base station. . If the own device is a terminal station, there is no meter reading data transferred, so that the wireless device 11 does not receive the data, and the data processing unit 25 does not merge the meter reading data. The meter reading data from is sent as it is.

  On the other hand, in the control data from the server 1, all the telephone numbers of the wireless communication devices to be routed in the middle according to the route table are described in the header portion, and the wireless communication control unit 12 Is transmitted by analyzing the control data that has arrived at and then calling the telephone number of the wireless communication apparatus to be transmitted next. For example, the control data from the server 1 relayed by the unit power meter T4-11 is, for example, T3-12 according to the data among the unit power meters T3-11 and T3-12 of the next layer at an arbitrary timing. Will be transferred to. At this time, the control data received by the wireless device 11 is input from the wireless communication control unit 12 to the data processing unit 25, and the control data addressed to the own device is divided using the working memory 26. In response to the control data, the in-flight communication control unit 23 performs opening / closing control of the load switch 3 via the interface 21, or reads out the meter reading data that has not been reached from the memory 24, and The transmitter 11 is made to perform backup transmission.

  In this way, by dividing the control data that should be received from the control data from the upper side and transferring it to the lower side, the data length becomes longer toward the base station (upper side). Compared to the case where the terminal station individually transmits data to each wireless communication device, the traffic can be greatly reduced. If the own device is a terminal station, since there is no control data to be transferred, transmission by the wireless device 11 is not performed, and control data is not divided by the data processing unit 25. In FIG. 1, in the tree on the gateway GWa side, an arrow having a thickness corresponding to the amount of data is shown in order to easily show the merging of meter reading data and the division of control data.

  The data stored in the memory 24 is data of accumulated electric power measured by the watt-hour meter 4 at 0 and 30 minutes per hour as indicated by reference numeral 24a in FIG. Information may be stored together, and the storage capacity is selected to be a capacity capable of accumulating meter reading data for, for example, 40 days.

  On the other hand, when data to be transmitted urgently such as the result of switching control or backup meter reading data is generated from the load switch 3, the wireless communication control unit 12 enters the emergency state that is the second operation mode. Then, the wireless communication control unit 12 creates transmission data by adding the telephone number of the own device stored in the telephone number # 01 to the data, and creates the transmission data in the wireless device 11 in the memory 14. The telephone number of the jump-destination wireless communication apparatus that is not adjacent to the own device stored as 12, for example, the unit power meter T1-12 makes a call with b-80 of the unit power meter T3-12 to perform transmission. . At this time, in the PHS transceiver mode, only 1: 1 communication can be performed. Therefore, when the jump destination unit power meter T3-12 is already busy, the wireless communication control unit 12 is assumed to end communication. After waiting for a while, the emergency data is transmitted. That is, each wireless communication device 5 is configured to finish one communication within 15 seconds, and when the jump transmission cannot be performed, the retry transmission is performed three times at intervals of 5 seconds, so that the jump transmission is performed. Is realized.

  The wireless communication control unit 12 of the unit power meter T3-12 that has received the data by the wireless device 11 immediately issues the data to the gateway GWb stored as the telephone number # 12 in the memory 14 of the wireless device 11 in its own device. Call and transfer. Thus, the emergency data from the lower side can be quickly transmitted with the minimum number of relays.

  Further, when the server device 1 instructs, for example, a power failure (open / close control of the load switch 3) accompanying the move-in / out or a request for transmission of backup meter reading data, the control data is transmitted from the gateway GWb. Call is made to the telephone number b-80 of the unit power meter T3-12 stored in the data, and transmission is performed. The communication control unit 12 of the wireless communication device 5 of the unit power meter T3-12 that has received this call similarly makes a call to the telephone number b-310 of the unit power meter T1-12 stored in the control data. Perform the transfer. In this way, emergency data from the upper side can be quickly transmitted with the minimum number of relays.

  In this way, in the normal state of the first operation mode, regular meter reading data collection and control data distribution can be performed regularly and in a short time, while the second operation mode is in an emergency or abnormal state. In some cases, data can be transmitted quickly. Further, the memory 14 of each wireless communication device 5 stores only the telephone number # 11 of the adjacent higher-order wireless communication device and the telephone number # 12 of the higher-order wireless communication device that is the jump destination. The route table may not be provided, the storage capacity can be reduced, and the route can be easily changed.

  Also, it should be noted that the memory 14 is registered with hierarchy information indicating to which hierarchy in the route table the own device belongs from the input operation unit 15, and the wireless communication control unit 12 transmits Sometimes, the hierarchical information is transmitted in accordance with the telephone number of the own device, and in other wireless communication devices, the wireless communication control unit 12 which is a registration means receives the hierarchical information and receives the highest received The telephone number of the wireless communication device in the hierarchy is registered in the telephone number # 12. In the example of FIG. 1, the gateways GWa, GWb, GWc,..., Which are the base stations, are located in the highest first hierarchy, and unit power meters T5-1, T5-2; T5-11, T5 −12 is located in the next second layer, similarly, the unit power meters T4-1 to T4-4; T4-11 and T4-12 are located in the next third layer, and the unit power meter T3- 1 to T3-5; T3-11 and T3-12 are located in the next fourth layer, and unit power meters T2-1 to T2-10; T2-11 to T2-14 are Located in the hierarchy, unit power meters T1-1 to T1-5; T1-11 and T1-12 are further located in the next sixth hierarchy.

  Therefore, for example, in the above description, in the terminal station power meter T1-11, although the telephone number b-30 of the unit power meter T4-11 is registered in the telephone number # 12, the radio wave environment is improved. For example, when communication with the gateway GWb becomes possible, the telephone number of the gateway GWb is updated. On the other hand, if it becomes impossible to receive the transmission signal from the unit power meter T4-11 due to the deterioration of the radio wave environment, the transmission signal from the unit power meter T3-11 one level below can be received and received. The telephone number b-70 is registered.

  Here, in the memory 16 storing the communication status, as shown by reference numeral 16a in FIG. 3, the monitoring result by the wireless communication control unit 12 of the signal transmitted from each wireless communication device is stored, When a plurality of transmission signals are received from wireless communication apparatuses of the same hierarchy, the station having the highest average value of the field strength level (for example, 30 dBμV or more) is selected. Alternatively, a station with a low BER may be selected, or they may be used in combination. In addition, since jump transmission is required to be reliably transferred, even if there is only one station whose electric field strength level is lower than a predetermined level, it is not selected, and a radio in the lower layer is not selected. The communication device is selected as the jump destination. Further, the jump destination selected by each wireless communication device is transmitted to the server device 1 once in a predetermined cycle, for example, once a day, and the same wireless communication device is relayed for control data from the server device 1 side. It is desirable that jump transmission is performed. In particular, when the server device 1 transmits a command to the target unit power meter, such as the backup meter reading data or the load switch 3 control result, and the execution result is required, it is the same for upstream and downstream. By using the route, the reliability can be improved (there is a high possibility that a response will be returned).

  By configuring in this way, when performing jump transmission in the case of an emergency or abnormality, transmission can be performed toward a wireless communication device in the range that can be reached at the maximum, and the number of relay stages can be minimized. The data can be transmitted in the shortest time. In the present embodiment, only the jump destination at the normal time is stored in the memory 14 in the telephone number # 12 in the present embodiment, but jump transmission may also be performed in the sub route at the time of the failure. Further, although only one jump destination telephone number is stored in the telephone number # 12, the telephone number from the wireless communication apparatus having the next highest average field strength level and hierarchy is combined. It may be stored, and if jump transmission fails for a predetermined number of times using the first telephone number, a call may be made to the next wireless communication apparatus.

  Furthermore, it should be noted that in each wireless communication device 5, the transmission timing of meter reading data is between the wireless communication devices located under the same wireless communication device between the wireless communication devices located in the same hierarchy by the timer 13. Is defined differently from each other, and the same timing is used between wireless communication devices located under different wireless communication devices. That is, each wireless communication device 5 transmits data from the unit wattmeter T1 that is the terminal station (lower) to the gateway GWa that is the base station (upper) even if the communication can be performed only one-to-one. In this case, between the wireless communication devices of the same wireless communication device, that is, between the wireless communication devices of the same tree, the transmission timing is shifted so that the one-to-one communication with the higher-order wireless communication device can be performed. That is, the same transmission timing as that of the wireless communication device of another tree is used.

  Specifically, when the route table related to the gateway GWa of FIG. 1 is enlarged and shown in FIG. 4, the unit power meters T1-1, T1-2, T1-3, T1- 4 and T1-5 are located on the lower side of different unit power meters T2-2, T2-4, T1-6, T2-8, and T2-10, respectively. , Set to 0 minutes per hour and 0 seconds 30 minutes.

  On the other hand, unit power meters T2-1, T2-2, T2-3, T2-4, T2-5, T2-6, T2-7, T2-8, T2-9, T2 in the fifth layer -10, unit power meters T2-1, T2-2; T2-3, T2-4; T2-5, T2-6; T2-7, T2-8; T2-9, T2-10 are the same. The unit wattmeters T3-1, T3-2, T3-3, T3-4, and T3-5 are located on the lower side of the unit wattmeters T2-1, T2-3, T2-5, T2-7, T2-9 is set to 0 minutes per hour and 5 minutes 30 seconds, and unit power meters T2-2, T2-4, T2-6, T2-8, and T2-10 are merged as described above. Are set to 0 minutes and 10 minutes 30 seconds.

  Similarly, in the unit power meters T3-1, T3-2, T3-3, T3-4, and T3-5 in the fourth layer, the unit power meter T3-1 is independently a lower side of the unit power meter T4-1. The unit wattmeters T3-2 and T3-3; T3-4 and T3-5 are located on the lower side of the same unit wattmeters T4-2 and T4-3, respectively. The unit power meters T3-1, T3-2, and T3-4 are set to 0 minutes and 15 minutes 30 seconds, and the unit power meters T3-3 and T3-5 are set to 0 minutes and 30 minutes. Set to 20 seconds.

  Further, in the unit power meters T4-1, T4-2, T4-3, and T4-4 in the third layer, the unit power meters T4-1, T4-2; T4-3, and T4-4 are respectively the same unit. It is located on the lower side of the wattmeters T5-1 and T5-2, and the unit wattmeters T4-1 and T4-3 are set to 0 minutes per hour and 25 seconds of 30 minutes, T4-4 is set to 0 minutes per hour and 30 seconds 30 minutes. The second tier unit power meters T5-1 and T5-2 are located on the lower side of the same first tier gateway GWa, and the unit wattmeter T5-1 is at 0 and 30 minutes per hour. The unit power meter T5-2 is set to 0 minutes per hour and 40 minutes 30 seconds. These timings are stored in the memory 14 as τ1.

  With this configuration, the time required for transmitting uplink data can be drastically reduced in a system that has many layers as described above and accommodates many wireless communication devices 5.

  The data amount of the 30-minute meter reading data is, for example, 34 bytes, and at the transmission rate of 28 kbps in the transceiver mode of the PHS, even if the lower side data is merged as described above, it can be transmitted within 5 seconds of one transmission period. It is. As described above, instead of making the transmission timings between the layers adjacent to each other, a redundancy period may be provided in preparation for review of the route table or addition of the unit power meter T due to new construction or the like. .

  Next, a description will be given of a method of creating a route table for the main route and the sub route using a tree-and-mesh composite routing map in a wireless network using the PHS transceiver mode. As described above, the main route is a route that is used in a normal state and is created for the purpose of reliably transmitting each wireless communication device 5 to the gateway GW in a short time. Each wireless communication device 5 preferentially uses this main route, and in order to realize communication on the main route, the main phone number # 01 of its own device and the telephone numbers # 11, # 12 of the call destination Have On the other hand, the sub route is a detour route used when a temporary communication failure occurs in the main route, and is connected to a radio communication device at a higher level, a peer level, or a lower level than the hierarchy of the main route of the own device. The route to be connected to a wireless communication device on another adjacent gateway side, and the like, have a sub telephone number # 02 of the own device and a telephone number # 21 of a call destination.

  An example of a method for creating a route map for the main route will be described with reference to FIG. In preparation, the electric field strength level between the gateway GW and the unit power meters Ta to Ti is measured, and in FIG. 5, this is indicated numerically between routes. First, in the gateway GW of the first hierarchy, the maximum k1 station is determined to be the station of the second hierarchy (first hop) at a station whose electric field strength is a predetermined level α1 or higher. In the example of FIG. 5, α1 = 50 dBμV, k1 = 2, and the upper two unit power meters Tb and Td having the high electric field strength level are the first hop stations.

  Next, when the electric field strength at the first hop station is equal to or higher than a predetermined level α2, the maximum k2 station is determined as a station of the third hierarchy (second hop). In the example of FIG. 5, α2 = 30 dBμV, k2 = 2, and the upper two unit wattmeters Ta, Tc; Tf, Tg each having a higher electric field strength level than the two unit wattmeters Tb, Td are 2 respectively. It is a hop station. Thereafter, the unit power meters Ta, Tc; Tf, and the third hop after Tg are repeatedly selected in the same manner until there are no stations that can be selected. If an isolated station is created, it is connected to a station having a strong electric field strength regardless of the upper limit of the number of branches k2. The route table created in this way is determined as the main route. When the main route is determined, a sub route is created as follows.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of the sub route extracted from part of FIG. In this example, when a failure occurs in the unit wattmeter T3-5 in the fourth layer, an example of a sub route in the unit wattmeter T2-10 located under the unit wattmeter T3-5 is shown as a main route. ing. First, as the route to the upper level, as indicated by reference symbol R1, the route to the unit power meter T4-4 jumped from the unit power meter T3-5 and the unit as indicated by reference symbol R2 on one layer. There is a route to the wattmeter T3-4, and as a route to the peer stage, there is a route to the unit wattmeter T2-8 as indicated by reference numeral R3, and the lower stage (of course, the unit located under the own device) As a route to the power meter T1-5, there is a route to the unit power meter T1-4 as indicated by a reference symbol R4, and as a route to another gateway, a unit as indicated by a reference symbol R5. There is a route to the power meter T3-11, and these telephone numbers a-60, a-00, a-180, a-330, and b-70 are registered as the telephone number # 21. The telephone number of the sub route is not limited to such five, and may be appropriately selected according to the tree & mesh structure.

  When the wireless communication device 5 of the unit power meter T2-10 detects the occurrence of a failure in the main route, the wireless communication control unit 12 stores the routes R1 to R1 stored in the telephone number # 21 of the memory 14. Calls are made by sequentially selecting routes with high electric field strengths from the telephone numbers of call destinations corresponding to R5. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, when an abnormality occurs in the gateway GWa, the next unit power meters T5-1 and T5-2 can detect the failure due to the transmission failure of the meter reading data. The next unit power meters T4-1, T4-2,... Cannot detect it. However, in the next unit power meters T5-1 and T5-2, the gateway GWa is directly above, and there is no detour route in the same tree, and it is stored as the telephone number # 21. Since the route is to other gateways GWb, GWc, GWd,..., The telephone number of the own machine is switched to the sub telephone number # 02 to make a call. Accordingly, the lower unit power meters T4-1, T4-2,... Sequentially detect the abnormality of the gateway GWa and select the sub-routes to the other gateways GWb, GWc, GWd,.

  The call on this sub route is at an arbitrary timing as in the case of the jump transmission described above, and even if an error occurs due to a collision, the collision is avoided by the above retry. On the other gateway side (GWb in the example of FIG. 7), the meter reading data on the other gateway GWb side is transmitted on a regular basis. As shown in FIG. 7, the thickness of the arrow indicating the data amount is constant.

  Further, the server device 1 communicates with each gateway GW at a predetermined time interval, and when an abnormality occurs in them, that is, when a failure occurs in the entire tree, the abnormality is notified from another gateway side, and the sub route Switch to. For example, referring to FIG. 6, when an abnormality occurs in the gateway GWa, the server device 1 sends a unit power meter T3-11 in the adjacent gateway GWb to the unit power meter T2-10. Using the secondary telephone number # 02 at the time of failure, control data is individually transmitted through the R5 route, and the R5 route is selected. In response to this, the radio communication control unit 12 switches its own telephone number from the normal main telephone number # 01 to the sub telephone number # 02 at the time of failure, and thereafter reads the meter reading data to this other gateway GWb. Send. Thus, the wireless communication devices under the gateway GWb tree as sub-routes under the gateway GWa tree are sequentially switched to the sub-routes one after another. Of the wireless communication devices not under the gateway GWb tree, those under the other gateways GWc, GWd,...

  With this configuration, a plurality of unit watt meters T are arranged in a tree shape having a plurality of hierarchies from the highest gateway GW to the lowest unit watt meter T1, and sequentially follow the hierarchies. The meter reading data generated in each unit wattmeter T is sequentially transferred from the gateway GWa to the server device 1 through a path passing through the higher unit wattmeter, and the control data generated in the server device 1 is transferred from the gateway GWa. In the power supply monitoring and control system that sequentially transfers to each unit power meter T, at least some of the wireless communication devices 5 of the unit power meters T have their telephone numbers # 11 that sequentially follow the main route as described above. Separately, as the telephone number # 21, a route for communicating via another relay station, or a route for communicating with another gateway GWb. So that if it cannot be used due to a failure or power outage or radio interference of a higher-level wireless communication device whose main route is a relay station, it can automatically switch to the sub route and communicate with the gateway GWb. Therefore, it is possible to reliably perform regular sensing data collection and control data distribution without delay. In addition, when a new route is reconstructed when a certain route becomes unusable, if a relay station in a range close to the own device becomes unusable, reconstruct with a route that avoids that relay station. There is a high possibility that it can be done, but if a relay station that is far from the own aircraft becomes unusable, even if another route can be reconstructed around the own aircraft, it will go through the same relay station that can no longer be used on the upper side There is a possibility, and it is possible to eliminate such a problem by constructing a spare sub route in advance.

  It should also be noted that the wireless communication control unit 12 cannot use the higher-order wireless communication device in the main route, and uses the other wireless communication devices indicated by reference numerals R1 to R4 in FIG. When performing communication by switching to the route, a flag indicating prohibition of data transfer to the lower-level wireless communication device is set in the meter reading data, and the wireless communication control unit 12 of the wireless communication device that has received the flag is set. Is that the meter reading data is not transferred to the lower-level wireless communication device. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, when a failure occurs in the unit wattmeter T3-5 in the fourth layer, as shown in FIG. 6, the unit wattmeter T2-10 located under the unit wattmeter T2-10 has a reference symbol. Since transmission on the main route indicated by F1 cannot be performed, it is detected that an abnormality has occurred in the upper layer. Then, as the first sub route, as indicated by the reference symbol F2, when it is transmitted to the unit power meter T2-9 in the same fifth layer, the unit power meter T2-9 has the same unit as the unit power meter T2-10 and has failed. Since it is under the control of the wattmeter T3-5, the unit wattmeter T2-9 cannot transmit the route indicated by the reference symbol F3, and returns to the unit wattmeter T2-10 as indicated by the reference symbol F4. There is a possibility of transferring to the unit power meter T1-5 under the control. If unit wattmeter T2-10 receives it and retransmits, an infinite loop will be formed.

  Therefore, by setting the flag as described above, transmission as indicated by the reference symbols F4 and F5 is prohibited, and the occurrence of such an infinite loop can be prevented beforehand.

  Furthermore, it should be noted that the wireless communication control unit 12 cannot use the gateway GWa in the main route, and uses another gateway GWb indicated by reference numeral R5 in FIG. When performing communication by switching to a route, a flag indicating prohibition of data transfer to another gateway GWa, GWc,... Tree is set in the meter reading data, and the wireless communication that has received the flag is set. The wireless communication control unit 12 of the apparatus does not transfer meter-reading data to the other gateway GWa, GWc,... Tree. This can prevent the same data from being exchanged infinitely between trees.

  Also, it should be noted that the wireless communication control unit 12 monitors the electric field strength level of transmission signals from surrounding wireless communication devices, and transmits them to the server device 1 at a predetermined cycle, for example, once a day. In the server apparatus 1 that has received this, the station having a large electric field strength fluctuation is the main trunk of the tree (for example, in the example of FIG. 1, unit power meters T5-1, T4-1; T5-2, T4-4; T5 -11, T4-11) to change the route table of the main route. The changed route table is sequentially transmitted to each wireless communication device 5 as control data, and the telephone number # 11 and the timing τ1 in the memory 14 are rewritten in the wireless communication device whose upper station is changed. When rewriting is performed, the new telephone number is used from the next 30-minute meter reading.

  The fluctuation of the electric field intensity has a mode as shown in Table 1, for example. In the case of a temporary or periodic drop, if the drop is mild, the main radio communication device can be selected. If is severe or permanent, it will be excluded from selection.

  With such a configuration, the hierarchy is set in advance in the tree, but the route table held by the server apparatus 1 is adapted to changes in the radio wave environment in the actual usage state, and the tree shape is appropriately reviewed. Since the wireless communication device with unstable radio wave environment with large electric field strength fluctuation is excluded from the main trunk of the tree, the stability of the communication route can be improved.

1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of a power supply monitoring control system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view which shows one structural example of the unit wattmeter used for the said electric power feeding monitoring control system. It is a block diagram which shows one structural example of the radio | wireless communication apparatus in the said unit power meter. It is a figure for demonstrating the transmission timing of each radio | wireless communication apparatus arranged in a tree form. It is a figure which shows an example of the preparation method of a route map. It is a figure which shows an example of the preparation method of the subroute used at the time of failure. It is a figure which shows an example of the subroute used at the time of gateway failure. It is a figure for demonstrating the inappropriate example of the said sub route.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Server apparatus 2 Network 3 Load switch 4 Electricity meter 5 Wireless communication apparatus 6 Terminal block 11 Radio | wireless machine 12 Wireless communication control part 13 Timer 14,16,24 Memory 15 Input operation part 21,22 Interface 23 In-machine communication control part 25 Data processing unit 26 Working memory T1-1 to T1-5, T1-11, T1-12 Unit power meter T2-1 to T2-10, T2-11 to T2-14 Unit power meter T3-1 to T3-5 , T3-11, T3-12 Unit power meters T4-1 to T4-4, T4-11, T4-12 Unit power meters T5-1, T5-2, T5-11, T5-12 Unit power meters GWa, GWb , GWc, ... Gateway

Claims (11)

A plurality of wireless communication devices including a communication unit and a storage unit are arranged in a tree shape having a plurality of hierarchies from the highest base station to the lowest terminal station. By communicating with the communication means of another wireless communication device having identification information stored in the storage means, the data to be transmitted / received by each wireless communication device is relayed by the wireless communication device on the higher side than the own device. In a wireless communication system that is transmitted to and received from the base station,
Based on a plurality of route tables in which at least a part of the tree structure is different, a plurality of identification information is set according to the priority order in the storage means in at least some of the wireless communication devices,
The communication result of the communication means is monitored, and when communication with the base station cannot be performed via the currently communicating route, the communication means is made to communicate with the route by the wireless communication device having the next highest priority identification information. A wireless communication system comprising communication control means.   The communication means of each wireless communication device has a plurality of identification information of its own device according to the priority, and uses the identification information according to the priority of the wireless communication device of the communication partner when transmitting data. The wireless communication system according to claim 1. Each of the wireless communication devices further includes a timer, and the communication means responds to the timer and transmits data transferred from the terminal station side at a timing specified by the own device at predetermined intervals. Transfer to
The wireless communication devices are located under the control of different wireless communication devices in which the timing is defined differently between the wireless communication devices positioned under the same wireless communication device and between the wireless communication devices positioned under the same hierarchy. The same timing is used for the timing,
The wireless communication system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the storage means stores a timing corresponding to the identification information.   The data transmitted from the terminal station side to the base station side is sensing data collected by each wireless communication device, and the data transmitted from the base station side to the terminal station side is control data for the terminal station. The wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein the wireless communication system is characterized in that   The wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein the communication unit performs communication in a PHS transceiver mode.   6. A wireless communication system according to claim 1, further comprising a server device that handles data transmitted and received at the highest base station.   The information communication system according to claim 6, wherein the communication unit sets a flag representing prohibition of data transfer to a lower-level wireless communication device in transmission data.   When communicating with another base station, the communication means sets a flag indicating that data transfer to the tree of another base station is prohibited in the transmission data. The information communication system according to claim 6 or 7. A plurality of the highest base stations are provided under the server device,
9. The identification information stored in the storage means is set with identification information of a wireless communication device based on a route table to the plurality of base stations. The information communication system described.   The information communication system according to claim 6, wherein the server device excludes at least a wireless communication device having a large electric field strength fluctuation from the main trunk of the tree.   The wireless communication system according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein a wireless communication device is provided with a watt-hour meter that acquires the sensing data and a load switch that performs switching control in response to the control data. A power supply monitoring and control system characterized by comprising:

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