JP2009114229A - Gasification furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gasification furnace which can easily perform maintenance without requiring labors for the recovery of ash. <P>SOLUTION: The gasification furnace 12 is divided into a thermal decomposition chamber 31 above a fire grate 30 and an ash accumulation chamber 32 below the fire grate 30. An air supply portion 50 for supplying air into the gasification furnace is disposed through the bottom wall 15a of a furnace body 15 and in a state vertically penetrating the fire grate 30. In the thermal decomposition chamber 31, sawdust is thermally decomposed to generate thermal decomposition gas and ash. The generated ash is then passed through the fire grate 30 and accumulated in the ash accumulation chamber 32. Furnace side ash takeout ports 33 for taking out the ash to the outside of the gasification furnace 12 are disposed in two positions of the ash accumulation chamber 32 so as to front on the air supply portion 50 from both sides. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a gasification furnace having a by-product storage chamber for storing by-products such as ash generated together with a pyrolysis gas that becomes a fuel gas by pyrolyzing a pyrolyzate such as biomass. About.

  In recent years, gasification power generation systems that heat and gasify biomass (thermally decomposed materials) such as wood chips and generate electricity using the generated gas as fuel gas have come into practical use. In such a gasification power generation system, when a raw material biomass is heated and decomposed under low oxygen in a gasification furnace, a pyrolysis gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and hydrocarbons is generated. The pyrolysis gas is used as fuel gas by supplying it to various power generation facilities such as dual fuel engine power generation, gas turbine power generation, gas engine power generation, or fuel cell.

As a gasification furnace for generating such pyrolysis gas, the one shown in Patent Document 1 is conventionally known. That is, in the gasification furnace of Patent Document 1, a rooster for placing biomass is installed at an intermediate position in the vertical direction in the furnace, and an air supply cylinder for supplying air to an upper area than the rooster. An (air supply unit) is provided so as to extend vertically from the center position of the bottom of the furnace through the rooster. The ash as a by-product generated together with the pyrolysis gas above the roastol passes through the rooster, accumulates at the bottom of the gasification furnace, and is recovered from a recovery port provided on the peripheral wall of the bottom. It was.
JP 2003-49177 A

  By the way, in the gasification furnace of patent document 1, only one collection port was provided. For this reason, of the ash deposited around the air supply cylinder, the ash deposited on the opposite side of the recovery port is troublesome because the air supply cylinder becomes an obstacle.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems. An object of the present invention is to provide a gasification furnace that can be easily maintained without taking time and effort to collect ash deposited on the bottom of the furnace.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a by-product that stores by-products generated together with pyrolysis gas by pyrolyzing the pyrolyzate in a furnace in a deposited state. A gasification furnace having a storage part, wherein a plurality of recovery ports for taking out the by-product out of the by-product storage part are provided in a peripheral wall portion of the by-product storage part. Is the gist.

  According to the above configuration, by providing a plurality of recovery ports in the by-product storage unit, it is possible to take out the by-products stored in a deposited state from a plurality of directions. Therefore, maintenance can be easily performed without taking time and effort for collecting the by-product.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, each of the recovery ports extends through the by-product storage portion in the vertical direction in order to supply air into the furnace. The gist is that it is provided at each position 90 degrees or more apart in the circumferential direction with reference to the axial center of the provided air supply unit.

  According to the above configuration, since each recovery port is separated by 90 degrees or more in the circumferential direction with reference to the axis of the air supply unit, each recovery port is disposed in the by-product storage unit through which the air supply unit passes vertically. When viewed from above, it is possible to eliminate the blind spot due to the air supply unit.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the present invention, each of the recovery ports is formed at each position that is equiangularly spaced in the circumferential direction with respect to the axis of the air supply unit. Is the gist.

  For example, when each recovery port is provided at an angular interval position that is not uniform in the circumferential direction with respect to the axis of the air supply unit, the distance between the recovery ports is different, resulting in distortion of thermal stress. According to the said structure, since the distance between each collection port becomes equal, the distortion | strain of a thermal stress can be suppressed.

  According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in the invention of the second or third aspect, each of the recovery ports is formed at each position 180 degrees apart in the circumferential direction with respect to the axis of the air supply unit. It is a summary.

According to the above configuration, since the two recovery ports are provided 180 degrees apart in the circumferential direction with respect to the axis of the air supply unit, the by-product accumulated in the by-product storage unit can be easily recovered.
The invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each of the recovery ports has a bottom end of the mouth of the bottom of the by-product storage unit. The gist is that they are formed to match.

  According to the said structure, a by-product can be collect | recovered easily by eliminating the level | step difference of an up-down direction with the collection port and the bottom face of a by-product storage part.

  According to the present invention, gasification at a high temperature can be performed by reducing distortion of the gasification furnace.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a gasification apparatus provided in a biomass gasification power generation system will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, when referring to “front-rear direction”, “left-right direction”, and “up-down direction”, the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG.

  As shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, the gasification apparatus 11 comprises the gasification furnace 12 which makes | forms the hollow column shape for thermally decomposing the sawdust (biomass) as a to-be-decomposed thing, and generating pyrolysis gas, And a gas retention tank 13 having a hollow cylindrical shape for decomposing by keeping tar in the pyrolysis gas generated in the gasification furnace 12 at a high temperature. The gasification furnace 12 and the gas retention tank 13 are individually formed at substantially the same height, and are arranged in a line-up state separated in the left-right direction.

  The gasification furnace 12 includes a cylindrical pedestal portion 14, a furnace body 15 having a bottomed cylindrical shape provided on the pedestal portion 14, and a furnace lid 16 that closes an opening at the upper end of the furnace body 15. It has. As shown in FIG. 3, the furnace body 15 is formed so as to be line symmetric with respect to a reference line P passing through the center O of the furnace body 15 in a plan view. In addition, a charging port 16a for charging sawdust is provided in the furnace body 15 at the center of the furnace lid 16, and a hopper (not shown) containing sawdust is connected to the charging port 16a. That is, sawdust accommodated in a hopper (not shown) is thrown into the furnace body 15 via the charging port 16a.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the inner surface of the furnace body 15 is covered with a heat insulating material 17, the heat insulating material 17 is covered with a first layer 18 made of a first refractory, and the inner surface of the first layer 18 is a first one. It is covered with a second layer 19 composed of a second refractory having a heat resistant temperature higher than that of the first refractory. Further, the inner surface of the furnace lid 16 is covered with a second layer 19. The second refractory is mainly composed of aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide, and the heat resistant temperature is higher than the maximum temperature in the furnace body 15.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, a cylindrical air supply pipe 20 made of stainless steel is provided at the center of the bottom wall 15 a of the furnace body 15 so as to be coaxial with the center O of the furnace body 15. The upper portion of the air supply pipe 20 from the bottom wall 15a extends straight up to the upper side of the center position in the vertical direction in the furnace body 15. On the other hand, a portion of the air supply pipe 20 below the bottom wall 15a is bent to the side (right in the present embodiment) at a substantially right angle in the pedestal portion 14, and is inserted in the peripheral wall of the pedestal portion 14. It is inserted through the hole 14a. And the front-end | tip part of the air supply pipe | tube 20 extended to the side through the insertion hole 14a from the inside of the base part 14 is connected to the air supply apparatus which is not shown in figure.

  In the furnace main body 15, the air supply pipe 20 is divided into a plurality (three in the present embodiment) in the vertical direction, and the three air supply pipes 20 are divided into a first air supply pipe 21 in order from the upper side, A second air supply pipe 22 and a third air supply pipe 23 are provided. In the present embodiment, the first air supply pipe 21, the second air supply pipe 22, and the third air supply pipe 23 constitute a divided air supply unit that communicates in a state that allows air to communicate in the vertical direction. ing. The first air supply pipe 21 and the second air supply pipe 22 are connected by an annular connecting member 24 on their inner peripheral surfaces. Similarly, the 2nd air supply pipe 22 and the 3rd air supply pipe 23 are connected by the annular connection member 24 in these internal peripheral surfaces.

  That is, an annular coupling member 24 is provided from the inside of the second air supply pipe 22 and the inside of the third air supply pipe 23 at the upper end portion of each inner peripheral surface of the second air supply pipe 22 and the third air supply pipe 23. Each of the first air supply pipe 21 and the second air supply pipe 22 is fitted in the protruding portion of each connecting member 24 so as to protrude upward.

  The length of the second air supply pipe 22 in the vertical direction is slightly shorter than the length of the third air supply pipe 23 in the vertical direction, and the length of the first air supply pipe 21 in the vertical direction is 6 It is about double. The outer peripheral surfaces of the first to third air supply pipes 21, 22, and 23 are respectively covered with the heat insulating material 17, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the respective heat insulating materials 17 are respectively covered with the second layer 19.

  The second layer 19 that covers the first air supply pipe 21 is provided with an outward flange portion 25 as a first support portion formed by horizontally projecting the entire upper portion of the outer peripheral surface thereof outward. Further, an inward flange portion as a second support portion that protrudes horizontally inward at a position facing the outward flange portion 25 in the second layer 19 covering the inner peripheral surface of the furnace body 15 in the horizontal direction. 26 is provided. An annular gap is formed in plan view between the outer peripheral edge of the outward flange portion 25 and the inner peripheral edge of the inward flange portion 26 in the horizontal direction. The upper surface of the outward flange portion 25 and the upper surface of the inward flange portion 26 are horizontal surfaces and are flush with each other.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a cylindrical height adjuster 27 made of a second refractory is placed on the first air supply pipe 21, and the second refractory is made on the height adjuster 27. A cylindrical nozzle forming portion 28 is placed, and a disk-like lid member 29 made of a second refractory is placed on the nozzle forming portion 28 so as to close the opening at the upper end of the nozzle forming portion 28. Is placed.

  The height adjusting unit 27, the nozzle forming unit 28, and the lid member 29 have the same outer diameter, and the inner diameters of the height adjusting unit 27 and the nozzle forming unit 28 are the same as the inner diameter of the air supply pipe 20. Yes. Further, the outer diameters of the height adjusting unit 27, the nozzle forming unit 28, and the lid member 29 are larger than the outer diameter of the heat insulating material 17 that covers the outer peripheral surface of the air supply pipe 20, and covers the outer peripheral surface of the heat insulating material 17. It is set to be smaller than the outer diameter of the second layer 19. Therefore, since the outer peripheral surface and the end surface are covered with various structural materials (second layer 19, height adjusting portion 27, etc.) made of the second refractory as described above, the air supply pipe 20 is exposed in the furnace body 15. Not done. In this embodiment, the air supply pipe 20, the heat insulating material 17 that covers the outer peripheral surface of the air supply pipe 20 in the furnace body 15, the second layer 19 that covers the outer peripheral surface of the heat insulating material 17, the height adjusting unit 27, The nozzle forming part 28 and the lid member 29 constitute an air supply part 50.

  An annular plate made of a second refractory is provided on the outward flange portion 25 and the inward flange portion 26 in the furnace body 15 so as to bridge between the outward flange portion 25 and the inward flange portion 26. A shaped grate 30 is placed. That is, the grate 30 is disposed so as to surround the height adjusting unit 27 in the horizontal direction. Therefore, it can be said that the air supply unit 50 including the height adjusting unit 27 penetrates the center portion of the grate 30 in the vertical direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the furnace body 15, the region above the grate 30 is a pyrolysis chamber 31 as a high-temperature part that pyrolyzes sawdust and generates pyrolysis gas. The region below 30 is a low temperature part for storing sawdust ash (by-product) generated in the thermal decomposition chamber 31 and an ash storage chamber 32 as a by-product storage part. A furnace side ash take-out port 33 for taking out the ash accumulated in the ash storage chamber 32 to the outside of the furnace main body 15 is provided at the peripheral wall portions on the front and rear sides of the lower end portion of the furnace main body 15. Each is provided so as to coincide with the surface of the bottom wall 15 a in the furnace body 15 which is the bottom surface of the reservoir chamber 32.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, these furnace side ash outlets 33 are formed at positions shifted from each other by 180 degrees with respect to the center O of the furnace body 15 (and the axis of the air supply unit 50) in plan view. Has been. A lid 34 that can close each furnace-side ash take-out port 33 is attached to each furnace-side ash take-out port 33 so as to be openable and closable. In the peripheral wall of the furnace body 15, the gas retention tank 13 is located at a substantially central position in the vertical direction on the wall surface (left surface in the present embodiment) on the gas retention tank 13 side, that is, at a position corresponding to the upper end of the ash storage chamber 32. A furnace-side connecting pipe 35 is provided as a gasifier-side connecting portion extending toward the side (left side).

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the gas retention tank 13 includes a cylindrical pedestal portion 40 that is slightly higher than the pedestal portion 14, a bottom wall 41 a as a bottom portion, and a bottom wall 41 a that is provided on the pedestal portion 40. And a cylindrical tank body 41 having an upper wall 41b. A region in the tank body 41 is a tar decomposition chamber 42 for decomposing tar in the pyrolysis gas, and the inner surface of the tank body 41 is covered with the second layer 19. And in the front side in the lower end part of tank main part 41, tank side ash taking-out mouth 45 as a collection mouth for taking out the ash as the sediment collected in tar decomposition room 42 out of tank main part 41 is provided, The tank-side ash outlet 45 is closed by a disc-shaped lid 46.

  In addition, a gas delivery port 41c is provided at the center of the upper wall 41b of the tank body 41 to deliver a pyrolysis gas obtained by decomposing tar in the tar decomposition chamber 42. The gas delivery port 41c has an annular shape. A gas delivery pipe (not shown) for guiding the pyrolysis gas in the tar decomposition chamber 42 to the downstream side is connected via the connector 43. That is, the connector 43 connects the gas delivery port 41c and a gas delivery pipe (not shown) in communication with each other, and even when the tank body 41 is thermally deformed, absorbs the thermal deformation and delivers the gas. The load on the tube (not shown) side is reduced.

  The gas retaining tank side extending toward the direction (right side) of the gasification furnace 12 at the substantially central position in the vertical direction on the wall surface (right surface in the present embodiment) on the gasification furnace 12 side of the peripheral wall of the tank body 41. A tank side connecting pipe 44 is provided as a connecting portion. The tank side connection pipe 44 is formed so as to face the furnace side connection pipe 35 of the furnace body 15 with the same diameter. And the tank side connection pipe 44 and the furnace side connection pipe 35 are in communication with each other via a connection tool 47 serving as a stress absorbing portion and a connection adjustment tool 48 for correcting a shift during construction of the gasifier 11. It is connected. That is, the tar decomposition chamber 42 of the tank body 41 and the ash storage chamber 32 of the furnace body 15 include a tank side connection pipe 44, a connection adjustment tool 48, a connection tool 47, and a furnace side connection pipe 35 that constitute the communication pipe 60. Communicated through.

  The connecting tool 47 is in a state in which the furnace side straight pipe part connected to the furnace side connecting pipe 35 and the tank side straight pipe part connected to the connection adjusting tool 48 are airtight and relatively movable by the cover. Is provided. Therefore, similarly to the above-described connector 43, even when at least one of the tank body 41 and the furnace body 15 is thermally deformed, the load applied to the tank body 41 side and the furnace body 15 side by absorbing the thermal deformation. Is to be reduced.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the cylindrical air supply pipe 20 has a large number of Y-shaped anchors 49 for fixing the heat insulating material 17 and the second layer 19 made of the second refractory to the air supply pipe 20. , Protruding. 5 (a) and 5 (b), these Y-shaped anchors 49 are provided at equal intervals along the vertical direction and the circumferential direction of the air supply pipe 20, and Anchors 49 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction and the circumferential direction are provided in a state in which the Y shape is rotated 90 degrees.

Next, the operation of the gasifier 11 will be described.
Now, when sawdust is thrown into the gasification furnace 12 from the charging port 16a, air required for thermal decomposition is supplied into the furnace main body 15 through an air supply unit 50 from an air supply device (not shown). In other words, the air supply unit 50 warms the air supplied from the air supply device in the process of passing through the ash storage chamber 32 and then supplies the air from the nozzle forming unit 28 into the thermal decomposition chamber 31.

  Then, in the pyrolysis chamber 31, sawdust is pyrolyzed under low oxygen. Along with pyrolysis of sawdust, pyrolysis gas (main components are carbon monoxide and hydrogen) and ash as a by-product are generated.

  Among these, the pyrolysis gas flows into the gas retention tank 13 through the grate 30 and the communication pipe 60. In the tar decomposition chamber 42, the tar content contained in the pyrolysis gas is decomposed into hydrogen, carbon monoxide, or the like by holding the pyrolysis gas in a high temperature state. The pyrolysis gas is sent out from the gas outlet 41c and cooled by a cooling device (not shown), and then used as a fuel for power generation.

  On the other hand, after the ash passes through the grate 30 together with the pyrolysis gas, most of the ash is deposited on the bottom wall 15 a of the ash storage chamber 32. However, part of the ash that has passed through the grate 30 moves to the gas retention tank 13 through the communication pipe 60 together with the pyrolysis gas, and accumulates on the bottom wall 41 a in the tar decomposition chamber 42. Of these, the ash accumulated in the ash reservoir 32 is opened by opening the lids 34 of the front and rear furnace side ash outlets 33 formed at positions shifted from each other by 180 degrees with respect to the center O of the furnace body 15. It is recovered outside the gasifier 12. In this case, since the inside of the ash storage chamber 32 can be visually recognized without blind spots from each furnace side ash take-out port 33, the ash deposited around the air supply unit 50 can be easily moved out of the gasification furnace 12. It can be taken out. On the other hand, the ash accumulated in the tar decomposition chamber 42 is taken out of the gas retention tank 13 by opening the lid 46 of the tank-side ash outlet 45.

  In such a gasifier 11, the pyrolysis chamber 31 that heats sawdust has the highest temperature. And since it is only warmed by the heat conduction from the pyrolysis gas in other parts, the ashes chamber 32, the communication pipe 60, and the tar decomposition chamber 42 are gradually increased from the upstream side to the downstream side where the pyrolysis gas flows. The temperature goes down. Further, the communication pipe 60 and the tank main body 41 and the furnace main body 15 covered with the heat insulating material 17 cause a difference in the amount of heat transmitted from the inside. Therefore, in the thermal decomposition chamber 31 and the ash storage chamber 32 of the furnace body 15, the thermal expansion of the thermal decomposition chamber 31 at a higher temperature becomes larger. However, since the furnace body 15 is formed so as to be line symmetric with respect to the reference line P passing through the center O of the furnace body 15 in plan view, the elongation of each part of the furnace body 15 is complicated in the vertical direction. There is nothing.

  On the other hand, in the furnace side connection pipe 35 and the tank side connection pipe 44, the thermal expansion of the furnace side connection pipe 35 connected to the high temperature side is larger. Therefore, in the communication pipe 60, in addition to the expansion of the furnace side connection pipe 35 larger than that of the tank side connection pipe 44, distortion occurs due to the difference in thermal expansion between the furnace main body 15 and the tank main body 41 to which each is connected. . However, this strain is absorbed by the coupling tool 47 disposed between the furnace side connection pipe 35 and the tank side connection pipe 44. Therefore, the force applied by the thermal expansion is not complicated in the communication pipe 60 as well.

  Further, when the air supply pipe 20 is replaced, the furnace cover 16 of the gasification furnace 12 is removed, and the cover member 29, the nozzle forming part 28, The height adjusting unit 27 and the grate 30 are sequentially taken out. And when exchanging the whole air supply pipe 20, it takes out in order of the 1st air supply pipe 21, the 2nd air supply pipe 22, and the 3rd air supply pipe 23. At this time, the heat insulating material 17 and the second layer 19 are fixed by the anchors 49 on the outer peripheral sides of the air supply pipes 21 to 23, respectively. Therefore, by pulling up the second outermost layer 19, the air supply pipes 21 to 23 are disconnected from the inner peripheral side through the connecting member 24 and can be taken out of the furnace.

  For example, when the first air supply pipe 21 and the second air supply pipe 22 are exchanged, the first air supply pipe 21 is first lifted upward together with the heat insulating material 17 and the second layer 19, and the second air supply is supplied. The connecting member 24 fixed to the tube 22 is detached. Next, similarly, the second air supply pipe 22 is lifted upward together with the heat insulating material 17 and the second layer 19, and is detached from the connecting member 24 fixed to the third air supply pipe 23.

  On the other hand, when assembling a new air supply pipe 20 such as when a new gasification furnace 12 is constructed, the third air supply pipe 23 is erected on the same axis as the center O in the furnace body 15, and then 2 The air supply pipe 22 is lowered and connected to the connection member 24 fixed to the third air supply pipe 23 with the connection member 24 fixed side facing up. Thereafter, the first air supply pipe 21 is lowered and connected so that the side on which the outward flange portion 25 is formed is up and the lower end is fitted to the connecting member 24 fixed to the second air supply pipe 22. . A grate 30 is placed so as to bridge the outward flange portion 25 and the inward flange portion 26, and the height adjusting portion 27, the nozzle forming portion 28, and the lid member 29 are placed on the first air supply pipe 21. Are placed in order, and the furnace body 15 is closed by the furnace lid 16.

According to the gasification apparatus of the said embodiment, the following effects can be acquired.
(1) In the above embodiment, the gasification furnace 12 and the gas retention tank 13 are disposed so as to be separated from each other, and are connected so as to communicate with each other using the communication pipe 60. Therefore, by simplifying the structure of the gasification furnace 12, it is possible to prevent the structure of the gasification apparatus 11 from becoming complicated, and welding that generates strain due to the thermal stress of the gasification furnace 12 that has reached a high temperature state. The portion can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of cracks in the gasification furnace 12 in a high temperature state, and it is possible to prevent the pyrolysis gas from being burned together with the air that has entered from the cracks. become.

  (2) In the above embodiment, the pyrolysis chamber 31 is formed by connecting the furnace side connection pipe 35 in the communication pipe 60 to the ash storage chamber 32 having a temperature lower than that of the pyrolysis chamber 31 for heating sawdust in the gasification furnace 12. The thermal stress acting on the connection portion can be reduced as compared with the case where the connection is made. For this reason, the occurrence of cracks at the connection portion in the communication pipe 60 is suppressed.

  (3) In the said embodiment, the cylindrical air supply part 50 was provided in the center part in the cylindrical gasification furnace 12 coaxially with the center O of this gasification furnace 12. As shown in FIG. In addition, two furnace-side ash take-out ports 33 were provided at positions targeted for 180 degrees across the air supply unit 50. That is, the furnace body 15 of the gasification furnace 12 was formed so as to be line symmetric in plan view. Therefore, in the furnace main body 15 of the gasification furnace 12, the direction in which the thermal stress acts when the temperature becomes high is not complicated. Therefore, generation | occurrence | production of the distortion based on a thermal stress can be suppressed, and the failure | damage of the gasification furnace 12 can be suppressed.

  (4) In the above embodiment, the connecting pipe 47 that connects the gasification furnace 12 and the gas retention tank 13 in a communicating state is provided with the coupler 47 that absorbs strain due to thermal stress. Thereby, even when distortion | strain generate | occur | produces with the temperature difference in the gasification furnace 12 which heats sawdust, and the gas retention tank 13, damage to the communicating pipe 60 and its connection part can be suppressed.

  (5) In the above embodiment, the connection position of the tank side connection pipe 44 is set to the substantially central height position of the gas retention tank 13 above the bottom wall 41 a of the tar decomposition chamber 42. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the communication pipe 60 from being blocked by ash deposited on the bottom wall 41a after being transported into the gas retention tank 13 through the communication pipe 60 together with the pyrolysis gas.

  (6) In the above embodiment, the tank-side ash extraction port 45 is provided in the vicinity of the bottom wall 41 a of the tar decomposition chamber 42 of the gas retention tank 13. Therefore, the ash deposited in the gas retention tank 13 can be easily recovered from the tank-side ash outlet 45.

  (7) In the above embodiment, of the first to third air supply pipes 21 to 23, the first air supply pipe 21 close to the pyrolysis chamber 31 is most susceptible to the high temperature of the pyrolysis chamber 31. And in the 2nd air supply pipe | tube 22 and the 3rd air supply pipe | tube 23, the direction of the 2nd air supply pipe | tube 22 close | similar to the pyrolysis chamber 31 side is easy to be influenced by high temperature. Therefore, the need for maintenance such as replacement is highest in the first air supply pipe 21 and lowest in the third air supply pipe 23 at the lowermost position. For this reason, since the air supply pipe 20 is located at a high temperature and has a possibility of frequent maintenance, the length of the air supply pipe 20 and the possibility of frequent maintenance are shortened and the shape thereof is reduced, thereby reducing the burden of maintenance.

  (8) In the above embodiment, the grate 30 can be further stabilized by supporting the inner peripheral edge of the grate 30 by the outward flange portion 25 formed at the upper end of the first air supply pipe 21. Further, for example, even if the grate 30 is constituted by a plurality of members formed in a fan shape, the grate 30 can be individually supported by the outward flange portion 25 and the inward flange portion 26.

  (9) In the above embodiment, since the air supply pipe 20 made of stainless steel is covered with the heat insulating material 17 and the second layer 19, the influence of heat received by the air supply pipe 20 is reduced. Therefore, the durability of the air supply pipe 20 is increased, and the maintenance frequency can be reduced.

  (10) In the above embodiment, the heat insulating material 17 and the second layer 19 are fixed to the wall surface of the air supply pipe 20 by the Y-shaped anchor 49 provided in the air supply pipe 20. And the adjacent anchor 49 is provided in the state which rotated the Y-shape 90 degree | times, and can support a refractory in the up-down direction and the circumferential direction. Therefore, the air supply pipe 20 can be easily replaced by pulling up the heat insulating material 17 and the second layer 19. In addition, when firmly connected, the circumferential force is applied to the second layer 19 as necessary, so that the circumferential force is applied to the air supply pipe 20 to effectively detach it. be able to.

  (11) In the above embodiment, the air supply pipe 20 is configured by fitting the first to third air supply pipes 21 to 23 in the vertical direction using the fitting and locking function of the connecting member 24. Therefore, the air supply pipe 20 can suppress displacement in the direction orthogonal to the up-down direction. Therefore, since the inclination of the air supply part 50 is suppressed, it is possible to prevent an excessive force from being applied to the part of the bottom wall 15a of the furnace body 15 where the air supply pipe 20 is provided.

  (12) In the above embodiment, the gasification furnace 12 is provided with the plurality of furnace-side ash take-out ports 33, so that the ash as a by-product deposited on the bottom wall 15a of the ash reservoir 32 is removed from a plurality of directions. It can be easily taken out. Therefore, maintenance can be easily performed without taking time and effort for collecting ash.

  (13) In the above-described embodiment, the plurality of furnace side ash take-out ports 33 are provided so as to be separated from each other by 90 degrees or more in the circumferential direction with respect to the center O of the furnace body 15 that is also the axis of the air supply unit 50. For this reason, the air supply unit 50 eliminates a blind spot in the ash storage chamber 32, and the ash can be easily collected.

  (14) In the above embodiment, each furnace-side ash take-out port 33 is provided at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction with the axis of the air supply unit 50 as a reference. The strain of thermal stress can be reduced.

  (15) In the above embodiment, the two furnace side ash take-out ports 33 are provided 180 degrees apart in the circumferential direction with the axis of the air supply unit 50 as a reference. Therefore, the ash deposited in the ash storage chamber 32 can be easily taken out from both the front and rear sides.

  (16) In the above embodiment, the bottom end of the rim of the furnace-side ash take-out port 33 is provided so as to coincide with the surface of the bottom wall 15 a in the furnace body 15 which is the bottom surface of the ash storage chamber 32. Therefore, since there is no step in the vertical direction, ash can be easily collected.

  (17) In the above-described embodiment, the air supply unit 50 is provided so as to penetrate the center portion of the bottom wall 15a of the furnace body, and to extend straight up to a position slightly above the center position in the vertical direction. Therefore, the air supplied from the nozzle forming portion 28 into the pyrolysis chamber 31 is warmed in the middle of passing through the ash reservoir chamber 32. Therefore, it can suppress that the temperature in the thermal decomposition chamber 31 falls with the supplied air.

In addition, you may change the said embodiment as follows.
The bottom wall 15a of the ash storage chamber 32 and the bottom end height of the furnace side ash extraction port 33 may be shifted from each other.

-You may provide the other furnace side ash extraction port 33 in the position which does not correspond with the reference line which passes along one furnace side ash extraction port 33 and the center O among several furnace side ash extraction ports 33. FIG.
The plurality of furnace side ash removal ports 33 of the gasification furnace 12 have a distance from another furnace side ash removal port 33 adjacent in the clockwise direction and the counterclockwise direction of one furnace side ash removal port 33 in the circumferential direction. , They may be provided differently in each direction.

  The furnace side ash take-out port 33 can be arbitrarily provided at a position 90 degrees or more apart from the center O. For example, the four furnace-side ash take-out ports 33 may be arranged 90 degrees apart from each other, or the three furnace-side ash take-out ports 33 may be arranged 120 degrees apart from each other.

-The number of the furnace side ash take-out ports 33 can be arbitrarily changed. For example, it is good also as a structure provided with many small things.
-Thinned wood, bark, bamboo, millwood, rice straw, rice husk etc. may be used as biomass as the pyrolyzate.

The perspective view of the gasification apparatus of 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing of the gasification apparatus of 1st Embodiment. FIG. 3 is a view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 1. The partially broken sectional view of an air supply part. (A) The cross-sectional schematic diagram of the orthogonal | vertical direction with respect to the bottom wall of an air supply part, (b) The cross-sectional schematic diagram of a horizontal direction with respect to the bottom wall of an air supply part.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Gasifier, 12 ... Gasification furnace, 13 ... Gas residence tank, 15a ... Bottom wall, 17 ... Heat insulating material, 19 ... Second layer, 20 ... Air supply pipe, 21 ... First air supply pipe, 22 ... 2nd air supply pipe, 23 ... 3rd air supply pipe, 24 ... Connecting member, 25 ... Outward flange part, 27 ... Height adjustment part, 28 ... Nozzle formation part, 29 ... Lid member, 30 ... Grate, 31 ... pyrolysis chamber, 32 ... ash reservoir, 33 ... furnace side ash outlet, 35 ... furnace side connection pipe, 44 ... tank side connection pipe, 45 ... tank side ash outlet, 47 ... coupling tool, 48 ... connection adjustment 49, anchor, 50, air supply unit, 60, communication pipe, O, center, P, reference line.

Claims (5)

A gasification furnace having a by-product storage section for storing by-products generated together with pyrolysis gas by pyrolyzing the pyrolyzate in the furnace,
A gasification furnace characterized in that a plurality of recovery ports for taking out the by-product from the by-product storage part to the outside of the furnace are provided in a peripheral wall portion of the by-product storage part. Each recovery port is 90 degrees or more in the circumferential direction with reference to the axial center of the air supply unit provided so as to extend vertically through the byproduct storage unit in order to supply air into the furnace. The gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein the gasification furnace is provided at each distant position. The gasification furnace according to claim 2, wherein each of the recovery ports is formed at each position that is equiangularly spaced in the circumferential direction with respect to the axis of the air supply unit. 4. The gasifier according to claim 2, wherein each of the recovery ports is formed at each position 180 degrees apart in the circumferential direction with respect to the axis of the air supply unit. Each said collection | recovery port is formed so that the lowest end of the edge may correspond with the bottom face of the said by-product storage part, The Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. Gasifier.

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