JP2009102116A - Mast type crane - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mast type crane capable of avoiding failure of a supporting part of a mast even when the excess load is applied when being horizontally pushed while abutting a loading tool attached to the lower end of the mast to a side surface of an object to be conveyed such as a steel material. <P>SOLUTION: The mast type crane C1 capable of being lifted/lowered and turned while being supported in a vertical posture by a traveling body traveling along the vicinity of a ceiling of a building or an upper part of a stock yard includes a plurality of upper and lower mast guide rollers R rollably mounted to side surfaces of the long mast M of the crane C1, and a plurality of distance sensors s1-s4 arranged at a predetermined interval with respect to a peripheral surface 5 of a turning roller 4 integral with the mast M. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a mast type crane that is suspended from a horizontally long traveling body that travels along a ceiling of a building and the like so as to be able to be raised and lowered, and presses a cargo handling jig attached to the lower end of the mast against a side surface of a steel material or the like In addition, the present invention relates to a mast crane capable of avoiding a failure of a support portion of the mast even when receiving an excessive load when laterally pushing in the horizontal direction.

A mast-type crane is designed by lifting a material to be transported, such as steel, from a horizontally long traveling body that runs along the ceiling of a factory (building) to a lower end of a mast that can be lifted and lowered. After moving, it is used to descend and land at a predetermined stock location.
For example, a mast engagement device for a crane with a tong equipped with a mechanism that facilitates engagement with the mast to attach a tong or claw that can quickly hold and roll up the conveyed object to the lower end of the mast. It has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 63-242896 (pages 1-7, FIGS. 1 and 2)

By the way, in a rolling mill, a mast type crane is used, for example, for carrying and carrying a long hot rolled steel material from a rolling line to a predetermined stock place to be piled up or shaped like a cross beam. Under the present circumstances, in order to prevent the partial cooling at the time of cooling about several steel materials, the space | interval of adjacent steel materials is closed and the side surfaces of each steel material are closely_contact | adhered, and are conveyed. As a result, there may be a case in which a plurality of steel materials in close contact with each other are left to be pushed horizontally in the horizontal direction together with the mast and the traveling body that support them.
The above horizontal pushing work is performed by attaching a plurality of horizontally long claws (loading jigs) with a horizontal beam attached to the lower end of the mast, and the side surfaces are in close contact with each other on the horizontal piece of each claw. With a plurality of steel materials placed on the ceiling, the traveling pieces on the ceiling side that support the mast are moved horizontally through the mast so as to be pushed out along the horizontal direction by the vertical piece of each claw. It has been broken.

A vertical mast in a mast crane has a structure that is suspended from a traveling body on the ceiling side by a wire rope and can be lifted and lowered, so that the circumferential surface rolls to each side so that the mast does not swing in the lateral direction. Two sets of moving mast guide rollers are provided at two locations above and below the mast.
Therefore, in the case of performing the lateral pressing work, the mast guide rollers that contact each side of the mast and their bearings, etc., along with the reaction force generated when laterally pressing a plurality of steel materials on the lower end side of the mast, Excessive load was applied, and pulling could cause failure or damage. As a result, there has been a problem that the handling work is hindered and the life of the mast crane is reduced.

  The present invention solves the problems described in the background art, and applies an excessive load when laterally pushing a cargo handling jig attached to the lower end of a mast against a side surface of a transported object such as a steel material in a horizontal direction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a mast type crane that can avoid the failure of the support portion of the mast even if it is received.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention detects the load applied to the mast when it is laterally pressed, or detects the lateral displacement of the mast due to such load, and when these are out of the range of the reference value, The idea was to stop the operation of the crane including the mast.
That is, the first mast crane according to the present invention (Claim 1) is a mast type crane that can be lifted and lowered while being supported in a vertical posture by a traveling body that runs near the ceiling of a building or above a stock yard. A plurality of upper and lower mast guide rollers that are rollably mounted on each side of a vertically long mast in the crane, and each side of the mast, or a circumferential surface of a swivel roller that is integral with the mast. And a plurality of distance sensors arranged at regular intervals.

According to this, when the mast is displaced by receiving a load in the horizontal direction along with the reaction force generated when the object to be conveyed such as steel is laterally pushed, of the plurality of distance sensors, The distance from the side surface or the peripheral surface of the swivel roller increases, and the strength of the magnetic (magnetic field) reflected by the sensor decreases, and the brightness of reflected light decreases. Alternatively, the distance from the side surface of the opposing mast or the peripheral surface of the swivel roller is reduced, the intensity of magnetism reflected by the sensor is increased, and the brightness of the reflected light is increased. Therefore, when the detected values such as magnetism and brightness deviate from the range of the reference value, the measurement result should be notified so that the operation of the crane including the mast is stopped, for example, to notify the operator with a buzzer or a display display. Electrical output is possible.
As a result, the mast guide rollers and their bearings that contact each side of the mast can be reliably prevented from being subjected to excessive load during transverse feed operation, leading to failure or breakage. It is possible to improve the lifespan.

The traveling body is not limited to a form that travels laterally along the vicinity of the ceiling of a building such as a factory, but horizontally on a pair of rails that are disposed above both sides in the longitudinal direction of the stockyard. A mode of traveling is also included.
Further, the mast has a vertically long rectangular column and is suspended by a wire rope hanging from a hoisting machine attached to a carriage traveling along the longitudinal direction on the traveling body on the ceiling side, and can be moved up and down. In addition, it is supported so as to be able to turn with respect to a structure such as a truss structure attached to the lower side of the carriage. Therefore, a plurality of revolving rollers supported so as to be horizontally rotatable with respect to the structure are fixed in the middle of the mast. A plurality of mast guide rollers that roll on each side surface of the mast are attached to the structure in a range that does not hinder the swiveling roller up and down.

Further, the distance sensor is attached to the structure facing the side surface of the mast or facing the circumferential surface of a turning roller that turns together with the mast. Specifically, it is desirable to attach to the deck on the lower end side of the structure where the displacement of the mast appears relatively remarkably.
Furthermore, as the distance sensor, for example, a magnetic sensor such as a Hall element, an infrared sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a light emitting / receiving element, a photodiode, a photoelectric tube, or the like is used.
In addition, since there is an appropriate range of clearance between the mast and the mast guide roller, the distance sensor determines that an excessive load has been applied to the mast even when not in a lateral feed operation. There is a case. In order to avoid such malfunction, timing processing such as issuing a warning buzzer when the measurement medium deviates from the reference value range continuously for a certain time or longer is performed on the output side of each sensor. Is desirable.

  On the other hand, the second mast type crane according to the present invention (Claim 2) is a mast type crane that can be lifted and lowered while being supported in a vertical posture by a traveling body that runs near the ceiling of the building or above the stock yard. A crane, a plurality of upper and lower mast guide rollers attached to each side of a vertically long mast of the crane, and a load cell attached to each rotation shaft of the mast guide roller or each bearing of the rotation shaft It is characterized by including these.

  According to this, when the mast is displaced by receiving a load in the horizontal direction along with the reaction force generated when the lateral pushing operation is performed, the rotation shaft of the mast guide roller whose peripheral surface rolls on the displaced side surface. In addition, a large load is applied to the bearing. The load is detected by the load cell, and when the load is out of the range of the reference value, a warning by the buzzer can be output so as to stop the operation of the crane including the mast. As a result, failure or breakage of the mast guide roller that supports the mast can be reliably avoided, and the safety of the cargo handling operation and the improvement of the life of the mast crane can be achieved.

The load cell is a load measuring device using a resistance wire strain gauge, which is attached near the rotating shaft of the mast guide roller that receives a load from the mast, and resists strain of the elastic body due to the load. The magnitude of the load due to the load is measured by electrically converting the strain into a linear strain gauge.
In order to avoid the malfunction, it is desirable to perform the same timing process on the output side of the funnel cell.

In the following, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a front view (or a side view) showing an outline of an overhead traveling crane including a first mast crane C1 according to the present invention. In addition, FIG. 1 is common also about the 2nd mast type crane C2 mentioned later.
As shown in FIG. 1, the mast type crane C1 travels along the front-rear direction shown in the drawing via wheels t1 at both ends rolling on rails laid near the ceiling of a rolling factory (building) (not shown). The mast M is supported by the horizontally long traveling body B in a vertical posture and can be moved up and down and turned. Note that an operator room u in which an operator is boarded is disposed at one end of the traveling body B. The operator chamber u may be independently attached to the lower side of the traveling body B or attached to the side of a structure to be described later.
On a rail (not shown) on the traveling body B, a carriage d can travel along the longitudinal direction of the traveling body B by wheels t2. The bogie d is equipped with a hoisting machine m including a motor, and a wire rope w that moves up and down from the hoisting machine m by a winding / rewinding operation is suspended. The rope w passes through the groove on the circumferential surface of the pulley p attached to the top surface of the vertically long mast M, and the mast M can be moved up and down by the winding and rewinding.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a truss structure S that surrounds the mast M and has a rectangular parallelepiped is suspended from the bottom surface of the carriage d. A horizontally long beam h is attached to the lower end of the mast M, and four horizontally long claws (loading jigs) k are attached to the bottom surface of the beam h at substantially equal intervals in a side view. . In addition, the claw k may be one piece or any plural pieces.
In general, in a rolling mill, a mast type crane C1 is used, for example, to carry a long and hot steel material g that has been hot-rolled and carried from a rolling line to a predetermined stock place in a pile or a cross-beam shape. Is done. At this time, in order to prevent uneven cooling during the cooling of the plurality of steel materials g, as shown in FIG. 1, the steel materials g are placed close to the adjacent steel materials g on the horizontal piece of the claw k, and each steel material g After the side surfaces are brought into close contact with each other, as indicated by the dashed line arrow in FIG.
When such a lateral pushing operation is performed, a mast guide roller that contacts each side surface of the mast M or a bearing thereof, which will be described later, with a reaction force generated when the plurality of steel materials g are laterally pushed to the lower end side of the mast M. Excessive load may be applied, leading to failure or damage. The purpose of the mast crane C1 is to prevent such breakdowns and damages.

The main part of the mast type crane C1 shown by X part in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 2, and the horizontal cross section along the arrow of the YY line in FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. FIG. 2 shows a state where the mast M is lowered to the lowest level, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the mast guide roller R on the swivel roller 4 side for easy understanding.
As shown in FIG. 2, the structure S is a substantially box-shaped square cylinder composed of upper and lower decks D1 and D2 and a vertical member 2 for connecting them, and has a mast at the center in the vertical direction. M penetrates vertically through a substantially square gap (through hole) 7.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the mast M is a metal structure having a substantially square cross section and a vertically long rectangular column, suspended through the pulley p on the top surface, and a lower deck D2. Is supported so as to be able to turn in the horizontal direction.

Around the gap 7 provided in the center of the upper deck D1, a plurality of mast guide rollers (hereinafter simply referred to as guide rollers) R whose peripheral surfaces roll on each side surface of the mast M are attached.
On the other hand, inside the lower deck D2, a turning roller 4 fixed in the middle of the mast M in the vertical direction and having a circular plan view is rotatably supported. A turning roller (not shown) separate from the turning roller 4 is fixed above the mast M.
Further, on the lower deck D2, a plurality of guide rollers R whose peripheral surface rolls on each side surface of the mast M are attached along the gap 7, and the mast M is allowed to move up and down. Moreover, when the turning roller 4 is turned along the horizontal direction by a drive source (not shown), the turning roller 4 is turned together with the mast M.
Accordingly, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the plurality of vertical rollers r arranged along the circumferential direction of the swivel roller 4 rolls on the horizontal surface of the lower deck D2, and the deck D2 Coupled with the fact that a plurality of horizontal rollers 8 provided at equal intervals roll on the circumferential surface 5 of the swivel roller 4, the swivel roller 4 and the mast M have a deck D <b> 1 with a gap 6, 7 therebetween. , D2 and the structure S are supported so as to be rotatable and movable up and down.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, distance sensors s <b> 1 to s <b> 4 are arranged at equal intervals and symmetrically in four recesses 9 facing the peripheral surface 5 of the inner turning roller 4 on the lower deck D <b> 2. Has been. The distance sensors s1 to s4 are directed toward the peripheral surface 5 of the swivel roller 4 through the gap 6, and when irradiated infrared rays (light) or excited magnetic fields (magnetism) are reflected on the peripheral surface 5, It detects the brightness of the reflected infrared light, the intensity of the magnetic field, and the like. Based on the detection data from the distance sensors s1 to s4, it is possible to detect whether the mast M is in a vertical posture or inclined with respect to the deck D2 and the structure S including the deck D2.

On the other hand, as shown by a broken line in FIG. 3, the distance sensors s1 to s4 are arranged on the bottom surface of the lower deck D2 so as to face each side surface of the mast M with the gap 7 interposed therebetween. It is also good. Even in such a configuration, it is possible to detect whether the mast M is in a vertical posture or inclined with respect to the structure S.
2 and 3, for the sake of illustration, the distance sensors s1 to s4 indicated by broken lines are separated from the mast M. However, as shown in FIG. Close to the center of the side.

In the case of the lateral pushing operation, when the lateral pushing operation is performed on the left side in the drawing as shown by the broken line in FIG. 4 due to the reaction force caused by the plurality of steel materials g pushed sideways, the lower end side of the mast M is In the drawing, it swings to the right side, and at the same time, the lower turning roller 4 swings to the right side. Therefore, the distance between the distance sensor s1 and the peripheral surface 5 of the swivel roller 4 is larger than when the mast M is in the initial vertical posture, and the distance between the distance sensor s3 and the peripheral surface 5 of the swivel roller 4 is , The mast M is smaller than when the mast M is in the vertical posture.
As a result, the intensity of the magnetism (magnetic field) reflected by the sensor s1 is reduced, and the brightness of reflected light is reduced. On the other hand, in the distance sensor s3, the intensity of reflected magnetism increases, and the brightness of reflected light increases.

Next, the operation of the distance sensors s1 to s4 indicated by broken lines in FIGS. 2 and 3 will be described below.
When the side pushing operation is performed, as shown by a broken line in FIG. 5, for example, when the lower end side of the mast M swings to the left side in the drawing, the mast M facing the distance sensor s3 attached to the bottom surface of the deck D1 The distance from the side surface is larger than when the mast M is in the initial vertical posture, and the distance from the side surface of the mast M facing the distance sensor s1 is smaller than when the mast M is in the vertical posture.
As a result, the intensity of magnetism reflected by the distance sensor s3 is reduced, and the brightness of reflected light is reduced. On the other hand, in the distance sensor s1, the intensity of reflected magnetism increases, and the brightness of reflected light increases.

  In addition, since there is a clearance within an appropriate range between the mast M and each guide roller R, an excessive load is applied to the mast M by the distance sensors s1 to s4 even when the lateral feeding operation is not performed. It is necessary to avoid misjudgment. For this reason, when the reflected light brightness or the like deviates from the reference value range continuously for a certain time (for example, 3 seconds) or more, a warning buzzer Z is issued as shown in the electric circuit of FIG. These timing processes are designed to be performed by a control means (for example, a program logic controller) PLC disposed on the output side of each sensor s1 to s4. A relay circuit RYL is connected to the PLC.

In the mast type crane C1, when the output values such as magnetism and brightness detected from the sensors s1 to s4 as described above are out of the reference value range, the mast M, the carriage d, the hoisting machine m, In order to stop the operation of the traveling body B, for example, the measured result can be electrically output so as to notify the operator in the operator room u by a buzzer Z or a display display.
Therefore, it is possible to surely avoid the possibility that an excessive load is applied to the guide roller R or their bearings contacting the side surfaces of the mast M during the transverse feeding operation, resulting in failure or damage. The life of the crane C1 can be improved.

FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view showing the vicinity of the deck D2 and the mast M of the structure S in the second mast crane C2 according to the present invention.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the mast crane C2 also includes the traveling body B, the structure S including the decks D1 and D2, the mast M, and the like.
As shown in FIG. 7, the deck D2 of the structure S has a total of eight pairs, each facing a side face of a mast M penetrating in a vertical direction across a rectangular gap 7 and rolling on the side face. A guide roller R is attached along the gap 7 by a bearing q.
And in the mast type crane C2, as shown in FIG. 7, the load cell 10 is attached for every rotating shaft j of each guide roller R.
When the same lateral pushing operation is performed, as shown by a broken line in FIG. 7, when the lower end side of the mast M swings downward in the drawing, the load increases in each load cell 10 on the lower side in the drawing, In the illustrated load cell 10 on the upper side, the load decreases.

Each load cell 10 detects the magnitude of the load due to the load by electrically converting the strain of the elastic body due to the change of the load into the strain of the resistance wire strain gauge. Then, when the load deviates from the reference value range for a certain time or longer, the buzzer Z warns to stop the operation of the mast M or the like. Or the driving | operation to the said horizontal pushing direction is stopped.
Therefore, according to the mast type crane C2 as described above, failure or breakage of the guide roller R supporting the mast M can be surely avoided, and it is possible to improve the safety of the cargo handling work and the life of the crane C2. .
Even if the load cell 10 is attached in the vicinity of the rotation axis j of the bearing q of each guide roll R, the same operation as described above can be obtained and the effect can be achieved.

In addition, this invention is not limited to each form mentioned above.
For example, in the mast crane C1, the distance sensors s1 to s4 may be arranged in the middle of the vertical member 2 of the structure S.
Alternatively, the distance sensors s1 to s4 may be provided on both the upper and lower decks D1 and D2.
Furthermore, at least three distance sensors provided to face the peripheral surface of the swivel roller 4 may be arranged at equal intervals at positions that are point-symmetric.
In addition, in the mast crane C2, the load cell 10 may be disposed on the upper deck D1 side or on both the upper and lower decks D1, D2.

The front (side) figure which shows the outline of the mast type crane of this invention. The enlarged view of the X part in FIG. The horizontal sectional view along the arrow of the YY line in FIG. Schematic which shows the principal part of one form in a 1st mast type crane. Schematic which shows the principal part of a different form in a 1st mast type crane. The schematic diagram of the electric circuit used for a 1st mast type crane. Schematic which shows the principal part in a 2nd mast type crane.

Explanation of symbols

4 ......... Swivel roller 5 ......... Surface C1, C2 ... Mast crane M ......... Mast R ......... Mast guide rollers s1 to s4 ... Distance sensor j ………… … Rotating shaft q ……………… Bearing

Claims (2)

A mast type crane that is capable of moving up and down and turning while being supported in a vertical posture by a traveling body that runs near the ceiling of the building or above the stock yard,
A plurality of upper and lower mast guide rollers attached to each side of the longitudinal mast in the crane so as to be capable of rolling;
A plurality of distance sensors arranged at regular intervals with respect to each side surface of the mast or a circumferential surface of a turning roller integral with the mast,
A mast type crane characterized by that. A mast type crane that is capable of moving up and down and turning while being supported in a vertical posture by a traveling body that runs near the ceiling of the building or above the stock yard,
A plurality of upper and lower mast guide rollers attached to each side of the longitudinal mast in the crane so as to be capable of rolling;
Including a rotation cell of the mast guide roller, or a load cell attached to each bearing of the rotation shaft,
A mast type crane characterized by that.

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