JP2009061376A - Oil spill recovery treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oil spill recovery treatment apparatus which can obtain a high oil recovery efficiency and enables the dispersion treatment of high viscosity oil as well as treatment of oil spill while staying on the spot for a long time. <P>SOLUTION: The oil spill recovery treatment apparatus comprises an oil spill suction means 1 equipped with a steam ejector 2 sucking an emulsion of the oil spill drifting on the water surface, an oil recovery means 11 separating and recovering oil from the emulsion sucked by the oil spill suction means 1, an oil collection means 16 installed around the steam ejector 1, water guns 21 releasing water toward the steam ejector 2, a chemical injection means 24 injecting a chemical, such as an emulsion breaking agent or dispersing agent, or the like, into at least either the steam ejector 2 or the water guns 21, and three-way switching valves 28a, 28b as an operation mode switching means switching an oil recovery mode and an emulsion dispersion mode. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  This invention is capable of obtaining high oil recovery efficiency by using a spilled oil recovery processing device, particularly a high-temperature and high-pressure steam ejector, and can prevent clogging of various devices such as a gas-liquid separator and an oil-water separator, Furthermore, it is possible to disperse high-viscosity oil, and the oil recovery mode and emulsion dispersion processing mode can be switched. The present invention relates to a spilled oil recovery processing apparatus that can be processed.

  Tanker oil spills occur every year, including small ones, and it is almost impossible to reduce the number of accidents to zero. Therefore, in the unlikely event that an oil spill accident occurs, it is extremely important to take measures to minimize environmental pollution caused by the spilled oil.

  Oil that has flowed out to the sea surface is mixed with seawater by waves or the like to form a W / O type emulsion. The emulsion thus formed exhibits a very high viscosity and increases in volume by the amount of water taken up.

  Methods for dealing with emulsified spilled oil include recovery processing and diffusion processing. The recovery treatment method is a method in which the spilled oil emulsion is sucked with a pump or the like and collected in a recovery oil tank. The diffusion treatment method emulsifies the spilled oil emulsion with a chemical agent such as a dispersant, and fine oil droplets. The spilled oil is detoxified by natural purification by contact with oxygen or ultraviolet rays.

  Conventionally, a technique for sucking oil on a water surface is disclosed in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-151455). This technique uses an ejector to suck oil on the water surface. The ejector has no moving parts and can use corrosion-resistant materials, so it has excellent durability, and since the structure is simple, it is easy to maintain and inspect, and it is economical because it consumes less power. Has the advantage of Therefore, it is preferable to use an ejector for the recovery process of the spilled oil.

JP-A-10-151455

  As described above, it is preferable to use the ejector for the recovery process of the spilled oil. However, when the spilled oil recovery processing device by the ejector is mounted on the ship and the spilled oil recovery process is performed, there are the following problems. .

(1) Since the recovered spilled oil is still emulsified, equipment such as an oil-water separator may be clogged.
(2) Since the volume is increased by the amount of taken-in water, the capacity of the recovered oil tank is insufficient.
(3) When the recovered oil tank is full, it is forced to return to the port once and the recovery efficiency is poor.

  Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to obtain a high oil recovery efficiency by using a high-temperature and high-pressure steam ejector, and to prevent clogging of various devices such as a gas-liquid separator and an oil-water separator. Oil dispersion processing is possible. In addition, since the oil recovery mode and the emulsion dispersion processing mode can be switched, there is provided a spilled oil recovery processing device that can process the spilled oil for a long time without being limited by the capacity of the recovered oil tank. There is to do.

  The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and is characterized by the following.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a spilled oil suction means having a steam ejector for sucking an emulsion of the spilled oil drifting on the water surface, and an oil recovery for separating and recovering the oil from the emulsion sucked by the spilled oil suction means. Means, oil collecting means disposed around the steam ejector, water discharge means for discharging water toward the steam ejector, and an agent such as an emulsion remover or a dispersing agent at least in the steam ejector and the water discharge means. A medicine injection means for injecting into one side, and an operation mode switching means for switching between an oil recovery mode and an emulsion dispersion treatment mode. In the case of the oil recovery mode, the emulsion canceling agent is supplied from the drug injection means to the vapor ejector and The oil injected into and separated from at least one of the water discharge means is recovered by the oil recovery means and emulsified. In the dispersion dispersion processing mode, the dispersion agent is injected from the chemical injection means into at least one of the steam ejector and the water discharge means, and the treated treatment liquid is discharged. It is.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, the medicine injection means and the operation mode switching means are interlocked.

  The invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 1 or 2, the oil recovery means comprises a gas-liquid separator and an oil-water separator.

  A fourth aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of the first to third aspects, the steam ejector and the oil collecting means move following a wave.

  The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the oil spill recovery processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is mounted on a ship.

  According to the present invention, by using a high-temperature and high-pressure steam ejector, high oil recovery efficiency can be obtained, and blockage of various devices such as a gas-liquid separator and an oil-water separator can be prevented. Distributed processing is possible. In addition, since the oil recovery mode and the emulsion dispersion processing mode can be switched, it is possible to process the spilled oil staying on site for a long time without being limited by the capacity of the recovery oil tank.

  An embodiment when the spilled oil recovery processing device of the present invention is mounted on a ship will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a spilled oil recovery processing apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing a spilled oil suction means, FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing a spilled oil suction means, and FIG. It is an A direction arrow directional view of FIG.

In FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes spilled oil suction means, which includes a steam ejector 2 and a steam supply means 3 for supplying high-pressure steam to the steam ejector 2.
The steam supply means 3 includes a fresh water tank 4, a water supply pump 5, a boiler 6, a steam flow meter 7, a pressure regulating valve 8, and a supply pump 9. The water in the fresh water tank 4 is sent to the boiler 6 by the feed pump 5 and becomes high-pressure steam. The high-pressure steam is adjusted to a predetermined flow rate and pressure by the steam flow meter 7 and the pressure regulating valve 8, and then sent to the steam supply pipe 10 of the steam ejector 2 by the supply pump 9.

  Reference numeral 11 denotes oil recovery means for separating and recovering oil from the spilled oil emulsion sucked by the steam ejector 2. The oil recovery means 11 includes a gas / liquid separator 12 and an oil / water separator 13. The emulsion of the spilled oil sucked by the steam ejector 2 is sent from the oil / water suction pipe 14 to the gas / liquid separator 12 where it is separated into gas and liquid by centrifugal force, and then oil and water are separated by the oil / water separator 13. And separated. The separated oil is stored in the recovered oil tank 15, and the water is discharged out of the ship through the discharge pipe 13a.

  By using high-temperature and high-pressure steam as the working liquid of the ejector 2, the viscosity of the emulsion can be drastically reduced simultaneously with the suction of the spilled oil emulsion. As a result, there is no problem of blockage of equipment such as an oil / water separator due to adhesion of recovered oil. Moreover, the emulsion can be easily decomposed by the emulsion remover. Furthermore, although it has been difficult to disperse high-viscosity oil by the conventional dispersant spraying method, this can be achieved by using the high-temperature and high-pressure steam ejector 2.

  Reference numeral 16 denotes an oil collecting plate as oil collecting means (see FIGS. 2 to 4), and is arranged behind the steam ejector 2 so as to surround the steam ejector 2. An oil boom 17 is connected to the oil collecting plate 16.

  In the middle of the steam supply pipe 10, a rubber pipe 10 a having high flexibility is configured, and the steam supply pipe 10 on the steam ejector 2 side is connected to the rubber pipe 10 a via a universal joint 18. In the middle of the oil / water suction tube 14, a rubber tube 14 a having a high flexibility is formed. The oil / water suction tube 14 on the steam ejector 2 side is connected to the rubber tube 14 a via a universal joint 18. A float 19 is attached to the steam supply pipe 10 and the oil / water suction pipe 14 in the vicinity of the steam ejector 2. By the action of the rubber tubes 10a and 14a and the universal joint 18, the steam ejector 2 and the oil collecting plate 16 move following the waves. A backwash valve 20 that is opened when the steam ejector 2 is backwashed is attached between the steam supply pipe 10 and the oil / water suction pipe 14.

  Reference numeral 21 denotes a plurality of water discharge guns as water discharge means, and discharges seawater toward the steam ejector 2 by the seawater pump 22. Reference numeral 23 denotes a dust net, which prevents the sea surface waste from being sucked into the steam ejector 2 by seawater discharged from the water discharge gun 21.

  Reference numeral 24 denotes a medicine injecting means for supplying the emulsion remover in the emulsion remover tank 25 or the dispersant in the dispersant tank 26 to the steam ejector 2 and the water discharge gun 21 via a supply pump 27 via a three-way switching valve described later. Inject into at least one.

  28a and 28b are three-way switching valves as operation mode switching means. The three-way switching valve 28a switches the flow path from the gas-liquid separator 12 to the oil-water separator 13 side in the oil recovery mode, that is, when oil is recovered from the emulsion of the spilled oil by adding an emulsion canceling agent. On the other hand, in the emulsion dispersion processing mode, that is, when the emulsion of the spilled oil is dispersed with the dispersant, the flow path from the gas-liquid separator 12 is switched to the drain pipe 13a side. The three-way switching valve 28b switches the medicine to be supplied to the supply pump 27 to the emulsion eliminating agent in the emulsion eliminating agent tank 25 or the dispersing agent in the dispersing agent tank 26 according to the operation mode. The two three-way switching valves 28a and 28b may be automatically switched according to the operation mode.

  According to the spilled oil recovery processing device of the present invention configured as described above, the spilled oil drifting on the sea surface can be recovered and processed as follows.

  In the case of the oil recovery mode, the three-way switching valve 28a is switched to the oil / water separator 13 side, and the three-way switching valve 28b is switched to the emulsion eliminating agent tank 25 side, and high-pressure steam from the steam supply means 3 is transferred to the steam supply pipe 10. send. As a result, the steam ejector 2 is operated, and the oil spilled oil in the oil collecting plate 16 and the oil boom 17 is sucked. The spilled oil is collected on the steam ejector 2 side by the seawater discharged from the water discharge gun 21 through the dust net 23. Since the steam ejector 2 and the oil collecting plate 16 move following the waves by the buoyancy of the float 19, the emulsion of the spilled oil is reliably sucked by the steam ejector 2.

  The emulsion remover in the emulsion remover tank 25 is sent to the steam supply pipe 10 by the supply pump 27 and simultaneously to the water discharge gun 21. The emulsion eliminating agent may be supplied to one of the steam supply pipe 10 and the water discharge gun 21. As a result, the spilled oil emulsion is decomposed and sent to the gas-liquid separator 12 through the oil / water suction pipe 14, where it is separated into gas and liquid by centrifugal force. Thereafter, the separated liquid is sent to the oil / water separator 13 through the three-way switching valve 28a, where it is separated into oil and water. The separated oil is stored in the recovered oil tank 15, and the water is discharged out of the ship through the discharge pipe 13a.

  In this way, oil is recovered from the spilled oil emulsion, but water is separated and removed from the spilled oil emulsion sucked by the steam ejector 2, so that extra oil is recovered by the volume of the oil tank 15. Can be recovered.

  When the oil recovery further proceeds and the recovered oil tank 15 is full, the three-way switching valve 28a is switched to the discharge pipe 13a side, and the three-way switching valve 28b is switched to the dispersant tank 26 side. As a result, the dispersant in the dispersant tank 26 is sent to the steam supply pipe 10 by the supply pump 27 and simultaneously to the water discharge gun 21. The dispersant may be supplied to either the steam supply pipe 10 or the water discharge gun 21. By this dispersion treatment, the spilled oil emulsion is rendered harmless and sent to the gas-liquid separator 12 through the oil / water suction pipe 14 where it is separated into gas and liquid by centrifugal force. Thereafter, the separated liquid is discharged out of the ship from the discharge pipe 13a through the three-way switching valve 28a.

  When the steam ejector 2 is backwashed, the backwash valve 20 is opened and the steam flows from the oil / water suction pipe 14 side to the steam ejector 2.

  In this way, by using a high-temperature and high-pressure steam ejector, high oil recovery efficiency can be obtained, and blockage of various devices such as a gas-liquid separator and an oil-water separator can be prevented. Is possible. In addition, since the oil recovery mode and the emulsion dispersion processing mode can be switched, the spilled oil can be processed by the dispersion process that can be discharged out of the ship even after the recovery of the spilled oil corresponding to the capacity of the tank is completed. Therefore, it is possible to treat the spilled oil staying on site for a long time without being limited by the capacity of the recovered oil tank.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows the spilled oil collection | recovery processing apparatus of this invention. It is a schematic side view which shows a spilled oil suction means. It is a schematic plan view which shows a spilled oil suction means. It is an A direction arrow directional view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1: Spilled oil suction means 2: Steam ejector 3: Steam supply means 4: Fresh water tank 5: Water supply pump 6: Boiler 7: Steam flow meter 8: Pressure regulating valve 9: Supply pump 10: Steam supply pipe 10a: Rubber pipe 11: Oil recovery means 12: gas-liquid separator 13: oil / water separator 13a: discharge pipe 14: oil / water suction pipe 14a: rubber pipe 15: recovered oil tank 16: oil collecting plate 17: oil boom 18: universal joint 19: float 20: Backwash valve 21: Water spray gun 22: Seawater pump 23: Garbage prevention net 24: Drug injection means 25: Emulsification agent tank 26: Dispersant tank 27: Supply pumps 28a, 28b: Three-way switching valve

Claims (5)

  An spilled oil suction means having a steam ejector for sucking an emulsion of the spilled oil drifting on the water surface, an oil recovery means for separating and recovering oil from the emulsion sucked by the spilled oil suction means, and a periphery of the steam ejector Oil collecting means disposed on the steam ejector, water discharge means for discharging water toward the steam ejector, and drug injection means for injecting an agent such as an emulsion desorbing agent or a dispersant into at least one of the steam ejector and the water discharge means. And an operation mode switching means for switching between an oil recovery mode and an emulsion dispersion treatment mode. In the case of the oil recovery mode, the emulsion eliminating agent is injected from the chemical injection means into at least one of the steam ejector and the water discharge means. The separated oil is recovered by the oil recovery means, and is in an emulsion dispersion processing mode. Expediently, the medicament from said injecting means dispersing agent is injected into at least one of the steam ejector and the water discharge means, distributed treated process liquid is spilled oil recovery treatment apparatus, characterized in that it is discharged.   The spilled oil recovery processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the medicine injection means and the operation mode switching means are interlocked.   The spilled oil recovery processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the oil recovery means includes a gas-liquid separator and an oil-water separator.   The spilled oil recovery processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the steam ejector and the oil collecting means move following waves.   The spilled oil recovery processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the spilled oil recovery processing apparatus is mounted on a ship.

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