JP2009056416A - Reaction apparatus for reacting water with rocks penetrated thereby - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reaction apparatus for reacting water with rocks penetrated thereby capable of causing rocks to react with an acidic solution while adjusting the reaction conditions according to the conditions (such as temperature, pressure, and composition of underground water) in the actual environment. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus for reacting water with rocks penetrated thereby is constituted of a reactor cell 10 storing rocks 20 and a heater 50 for heating the reactor cell 10. The rocks 20 are heated by the heater 50 up to a temperature corresponding to a temperature in the actual environment, and an aqueous solution comprising carbon dioxide dissolved therein is allowed to penetrate the rocks 20 heated in a manner as described above to cause them to react with the aqueous solution comprising carbon dioxide dissolved therein according to the conditions in the actual environment. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a water permeation reaction apparatus that verifies the reaction when an acidic solution is made to permeate rocks, and in particular, to determine the influence on the water permeation characteristics of a rock mass caused by permeation of a carbon dioxide-dissolved solution and reaction with rocks. Therefore, it is suitable for use in the evaluation of rock stability in a real environment in carbon dioxide underground storage.

In recent years, various efforts have been made to mitigate global warming. For example, energy saving and suppression of carbon dioxide (hereinafter referred to as CO ₂ ) emissions have been performed. One such effort, and storing the CO ₂ discharged from factories and power stations and the like in the ground (CO ₂ geological storage) immediate techniques to reduce emissions of CO ₂ CO ₂ Reduction It has been attracting attention as a method (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

However, prior to actual CO ₂ underground storage, it is necessary to evaluate and examine in advance the influence of a large amount of CO ₂ stored underground in the underground environment. Since the CO ₂ stored underground becomes an acidic CO ₂ solution in the underground aquifer, if the CO ₂ solution is stored underground for a long period of time, underground resources and the human living area above the ground May affect For this reason, it is indispensable to investigate, predict and evaluate the influence of CO ₂ on the groundwater movement environment in the room before actual CO ₂ underground storage.

Actually, were tested to geological storage CO ₂ before performing a full-scale CO ₂ geological storage, after a certain period of time, the rock underground changed by CO ₂ dissolved solution was taken, aspects of the collected rocks By observing the above, it is possible to evaluate the influence of CO ₂ in underground storage based on the result of a field that is close to actuality. However, in order to excavate underground several hundred meters in advance and inject CO ₂ on a trial basis, large-scale facilities and costs are required, which is not practical.

Furthermore, the underground temperature, pressure, and groundwater composition vary depending on the depth of CO ₂ underground storage. By simply reacting the same kind of rock with a CO ₂ solution, it covers different depths from deep to shallow. The impact assessment of CO ₂ underground storage cannot be performed. For this reason, in the past, when CO ₂ underground storage, how exactly the physical properties of rocks collected from the underground changes according to various real environments with different conditions of temperature, pressure, and groundwater composition. It was the present situation that I could not grasp.

JP 2004-237167 A (Claim 7 etc.)

  The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and in accordance with the situation of the real environment (temperature, pressure, groundwater composition), a rock that can react an acidic solution and rock while changing these conditions. It aims at providing a water-permeable reaction apparatus.

  To achieve the above object, the rock-permeable reaction device for rock according to the present invention according to claim 1 comprises a storage container for storing rocks, a water-permeable means for pumping an acidic solution to the rock stored in the storage container, Temperature control means for setting the temperature of the rock stored in the storage container, wherein the temperature control means changes the temperature of the rock stored in the storage container according to the actual environment. It is in the rock water permeability reactor.

  Moreover, in this invention which concerns on Claim 1, the rock accommodated in the storage container is maintained by the temperature control means at the temperature according to real environment. As a result, the rock stored in the storage container can cause the reaction by causing the acidic solution to permeate under complex conditions equivalent to the temperature of the actual environment. The situation can be reproduced in the permeable reactor, eliminating the need for large facilities and great expense. Further, the temperature control means can change the temperature of the rock stored in the storage container by a program even during the experiment, so that it is possible to perform an experiment in accordance with the actual environment.

  And the rock-permeable reactor of the present invention according to claim 2 is the rock-permeable reactor according to claim 1, wherein the rock accommodated in the storage container is pressed with a pressure according to the actual environment. Means are provided.

  In the present invention according to claim 2, the rock stored in the storage container is subjected to pressure according to the actual environment by the pressure adjusting means. As a result, the rock stored in the storage container reacts when the acidic solution is permeated under conditions equivalent to the pressure in the actual environment, and therefore the reaction of the rock caused by the acidic solution generated in the actual environment is more effective in the storage container. Can be reproduced with high accuracy.

  Moreover, the rock-permeable reaction apparatus of the present invention according to claim 3 is the rock-permeable reaction apparatus of rock according to claim 2, wherein the storage container is provided with a blocking member for storing rock, and the storage container and the A fluid is enclosed between the blocking member, and the pressure adjusting unit is a pressurizing unit that pressurizes the fluid and presses the rock to a pressure corresponding to an actual environment.

  In the present invention according to claim 3, since the pressure is applied to the rock in the storage container by the fluid, the pressure in the real environment can be reproduced more precisely.

  Moreover, the rock-permeable reactor of the present invention according to claim 4 is the rock-permeable reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the water-permeable means is pumped to the storage container. The composition of the acidic solution is set according to the groundwater composition of the actual environment.

  In the present invention according to claim 4, an acidic solution set to a temperature and pressure corresponding to the actual environment is actually permeated into rocks holding the same groundwater as the groundwater composition existing in the deep underground, or to the acidic solution to be permeated. Assuming the case where groundwater of other composition flows in, it is possible to reproduce the reaction of the rock according to the actual environment.

  Moreover, the rock-permeable reactor of the present invention according to claim 5 is the rock-permeable reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and any one of claims 1 to 4. The rock permeation reaction apparatus according to the item, wherein the rock is mined at a place where carbon dioxide is assumed to be stored underground, and the acidic solution is a carbon dioxide-dissolved solution.

  In the present invention according to claim 5, the reaction of the rock by the carbon dioxide solution when carbon dioxide is stored underground is reproduced according to the actual environment.

  The rock permeation reaction apparatus of the present invention is a rock permeation reaction apparatus capable of reacting an acidic solution and rock according to the actual environment.

<Embodiment 1>
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration of a rock-permeable reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 shows a cross section of a reaction cell, and FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross section of carbon dioxide stored underground. is there. The illustrated embodiment is an exemplification, and the present invention is not limited to the following description.

Based on FIG. 1, FIG. 2, the whole structure of a water-permeable reaction apparatus is demonstrated.
As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of support columns 2 are vertically provided inside the housing 1, and a pedestal 3 and a top plate 4 are horizontally fixed to the support columns 2. A reaction cell 10 as a storage container is placed on the pedestal 3, and the reaction cell 10 is fixed across the pedestal 3 and the top plate 4.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the reaction cell 10 is a cylindrical container formed so that a rock 20 is accommodated therein, and the rock 20 is cut and formed into a columnar shape. The periphery of the rock 20 is covered with a blocking member 25 that blocks the fluid, and the rock 20 covered with the blocking member 25 is stored in the center of the reaction cell 10.

At the bottom of the reaction cell 10 CO ₂ dissolved solution tank 30 is connected via a pipe 31, CO ₂ dissolved solution in CO ₂ dissolved solution tank 30 is filled. CO is the ₂ lysing solution tank 30 is supplied with a constant pressure of helium (He) gas at, CO ₂ dissolved solution tank 30 CO ₂ dissolved solution filled in is pumped into the reaction cell 10 through line 31. On the other hand, the upper portion of the reaction cell 10 the piston cylinder 32 is connected via a pipe 33, (CO ₂ dissolving solution the rock 20 has water permeability) inside the CO ₂ dissolving solution in the reaction cell 10 is sucked by the piston cylinder 32 Discharged. As a result, the CO ₂ solution is pumped from the CO ₂ solution tank 30 to the reaction cell 10 so that the CO ₂ solution passes through the rock 20 from the lower side to the upper side.

The CO ₂ dissolved solution discharged from the upper side of the rock 20 is sucked into the piston cylinder 32 and discharged. The piston cylinder 32 is configured to discharge the CO ₂ solution from the reaction cell 10 at a constant pressure.

In addition, a piston cylinder containing another solution is connected to a pipe branched from the pipe 33, and a solution having a composition simulating groundwater that the CO ₂ solution would come into contact with during the movement from the piston cylinder is obtained from the rock 20 You may provide the structure which makes water permeate. With this configuration, the composition of the CO ₂ solution that is permeable to the rock 20 can be made variable, so that complicated phenomena that can occur in an actual environment can be reproduced.

  A compression cylinder 40 serving as a pressure adjusting means is connected to the cylindrical portion of the reaction cell 10 via a pipe 41. Ion exchange water 26 as a fluid is sealed between the inner surface of the reaction cell 10 and the blocking member 25, and the ion exchange water 26 is placed between the inner surface of the reaction cell 10 and the blocking member 25 by a compression cylinder 40 at a predetermined pressure. Enclosed. Thereby, the rock 20 surrounded by the blocking member 25 is in a state where a predetermined pressure is applied by the pressure of the ion exchange water 26.

  Here, as the pressure set by the compression cylinder 40, for example, an estimated pressure applied to the rock 20 before mining at the place where the rock 20 is mined can be used.

  Bolts 28 are attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the tubular reaction cell 10 by nuts 29, and nut members 27 are fixed to the tops of the bolts 28 (the lower ends of the upper bolts 28 and the upper ends of the lower bolts 28), respectively. ing. Filters 21 are arranged on the opposing surfaces of the nut member 27, and the end face of the columnar rock 20 is sandwiched between the filters 21. By adjusting the nut 29, the interval between the nut members 27 is adjusted via the bolts 28, and the rock 20 is sandwiched and fixed between the filters 21.

  A through passage 61 is formed in the upper and lower bolts 28. A pipe 31 is connected to the through passage 61 of the lower bolt 28, and a pipe 33 is connected to the through passage 61 of the upper bolt 28. The filter 21, the nut member 27, the bolt 28, and the nut 29 are made of a heat and corrosion resistant alloy, for example, Hastelloy C (registered trademark) whose main component is nickel.

  The blocking member 25 includes a seal tape 22 made of Teflon (registered trademark), a sleeve 23 made of Viton rubber (registered trademark) (fluoro rubber), and a heat shrinkable tube 24. That is, the seal tape 22 is wound around the rock 20 and the filter 21, and the filter 21 is fixed to the end face of the rock 20. A cylindrical sleeve 23 is fitted around the seal tape 22, and a heat shrinkable tube 24 is covered on the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical sleeve 23. The upper end opening and the lower end opening of the sleeve 23 are bonded to the nut member 27 with an elastic adhesive while covering the filter 21, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the rock 20 are blocked from the outside.

The blocking member 25 surrounds the rock 20, and ion exchange water 26 is filled between the heat shrinkable tube 24 of the blocking member 25 and the inner surface of the reaction cell 10. A predetermined pressure is applied to the rock 20 through the heat shrinkable tube 24, the sleeve 23 and the seal tape 22. Since the rock 20 is completely covered by the blocking member 25, the CO ₂ solution that is permeable to the rock 20 and the ion exchange water 26 that is the sealing pressure medium are not mixed.

  The casing 1 is provided with temperature control means for setting the temperature of the rock 20 accommodated therein to a temperature according to the actual environment. That is, a plurality of heaters 50 are attached to the outer periphery of the housing 1 at intervals in the vertical direction. The heater 50 is set to an arbitrary temperature based on a control signal from the temperature control device 51, and sets the temperature of the rock 20 of the reaction cell 10 to a predetermined temperature. As the predetermined temperature of the rock 20 set by the temperature control device 51, a temperature according to the actual environment is used. As the temperature according to the actual environment, for example, the measured temperature of the rock 20 before being collected at the place where the rock 20 was collected is used.

In the rock water permeation reactor having the above-described configuration, the heater 50 is program-adjusted to a desired temperature under the control of the temperature control device 51, and the temperature of the rock 20 stored in the reaction cell 10 becomes a temperature corresponding to the temperature change in the actual environment. Can be changed and maintained. For example, assuming the CO ₂ underground storage, the temperature of the rock 20 is maintained at a temperature corresponding to the assumed temperature environment of a predetermined depth. Thus, the chemical reaction status such as the erosion (dissolution) status of the rock 20 by CO ₂ corresponding to the temperature environment at the depth at which CO ₂ geological storage is carried out and the temperature at the point of movement after CO ₂ geological storage. Reproduce in reaction cell 10.

Furthermore, a desired pressure is applied to the rock through the blocking member 25 by the ion exchange water 26 fed by the compression cylinder 40, and the rock 20 is maintained in a pressure environment according to the actual environment. As a result, it is possible to predict the erosion (dissolution) situation of the rock 20 by CO ₂ in the temperature environment and pressure environment at the depth assuming CO ₂ underground storage, that is, the state of permeability change due to the dissolution of the rock mass in the future. become. It is also possible to reproduce only the temperature environment according to the actual environment by fixing the sealed pressure of the ion exchange water 26 at a constant value.

The state of CO ₂ underground storage will be described based on FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, a vertical hole 101 (boring hole) that penetrates the impermeable layer 102 from the surface and reaches the aquifer 100 is excavated, and a pumping device 103 that pumps carbon dioxide into the vertical hole 101 is installed on the ground. Has been. The aquifer 100 is a formation in which groundwater exists, CO ₂ is pumped and stored in the aquifer 100 by the pumping device 103, and outflow to the ground is prevented by the impermeable layer 102.

For example, when CO ₂ discharged from a factory or a power plant is pumped from the vertical hole 101 to the aquifer 100 by the pumping device 103, the CO ₂ is dissolved in the ground water to generate a CO ₂ solution that is an acidic solution. A chemical reaction occurs in the rock 104 near the vertical hole 101 of the aquifer 100 by the CO ₂ solution. Specifically, smectization of mica, which is a mineral constituting the rock 104, dissolution of calcite, dissolution of plagioclase, and the like occur.

The temperature of the rock 104 varies depending on the location where CO ₂ is stored in the ground, and the pressure applied to the rock 104 varies depending on the depth of the aquifer 100. The above-described water permeable reaction apparatus reproduces the temperature and pressure which vary depending on the actual environment and allows the rock 20 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) to permeate the CO ₂ solution, so that an actual underground environment is generated in the rock 104. The chemical reaction can be accurately reproduced by the rock 20 of the reaction cell 10.

By using the rock permeation reaction apparatus according to the present embodiment, the rock 20 taken out of the reaction cell 10 after passing the CO ₂ solution through the rock 20 for a certain period of time is measured for changes due to chemical reactions by various analysis methods. Is done. For example, X-ray analysis is performed on the rock 20 after passing the CO ₂ solution under a predetermined temperature and pressure condition, and the change in the composition of the rock 20 is analyzed. In addition, changes in physical properties such as color, porosity, density, and pore diameter distribution of the rock 20 are measured and analyzed. By verifying the change in composition and the change in physical properties, for example, it can be determined whether or not groundwater acidified by CO ₂ affects rocks and substances harmful to health and the environment are eluted. As a result, for example, it is possible to provide a judgment material for investigating and evaluating in advance whether the place where the rock 20 exists is appropriate or inappropriate for CO ₂ underground storage.

The rock permeation reaction apparatus having the above-described configuration has been described with an example in which a CO ₂ dissolving solution is assumed as an acidic solution. However, the solution for dissolving CO ₂ may be ground water having the same water quality as the ground water contained in the actual formation. it can. In other words, the permeation reactor of the present rock can also reproduce the environment according to the actual environment in which CO ₂ is stored in a formation filled with a salt solution such as in the ground under the seabed. Furthermore, assuming acid rain as the acidic solution, it is also possible to target real natural phenomena such as physical weathering, erosion, rock mass degradation, and collapse near the surface where rocks change due to acid rain. In this case, in accordance with the real environment, the pressure exerted on the temperature and rocks 20 rocks 20 housed in the reaction cell 10, it is possible to set the composition of the solution to be water-permeable, temperature and CO ₂ vary violently at the surface It is possible to accurately reproduce the changes in rocks assuming the effect of concentration according to the actual environment. This has a mechanism in which the temperature control device 51 arbitrarily increases / decreases by program control without keeping the temperature constant, and the temperature can be changed according to the period during which the CO ₂ solution is permeated. It depends on what is possible. For example, reducing the temperature to reproduce the domestic winter temperature, increasing the temperature to reproduce the domestic summer temperature, simulating repeated temperature changes that are heated by sunlight in the daytime and decrease in temperature at night Can reproduce the year-round underground environment on the surface. It is characterized in that the reaction of the rock 20 in accordance with the actual underground environment can be verified in various areas.

Furthermore, CO ₂ dissolved solution tank 30, the temperature of the CO ₂ dissolved solution are stored may be heated alone to be set in advance to a temperature of CO ₂ dissolved solution present in the underground environment. Even in this case, the reaction of the rock 20 can be verified according to the actual underground environment.

<Other embodiments>
In the first embodiment, one reaction cell 10 is disposed in the housing 1 in order to allow the CO ₂ solution to permeate the rock, but the present invention is not limited to such a form. FIG. 4 is an overall configuration diagram of a rock water permeation reaction device according to another embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same thing as Embodiment 1, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a reaction cell 10 </ b> A is disposed below the reaction cell 10. The configuration of the reaction cell 10A is the same as that of the reaction cell 10. A distilled water tank 30A is connected to the reaction cell 10A, and the distilled water stored in the distilled water tank 30A permeates from the lower part to the upper part of the reaction cell 10A.

In the water-permeable reaction device having such a configuration, the reaction cells 10 and 10A are both controlled to the same temperature by the temperature control device 51, and the same pressure is applied by the compression cylinder 40. Therefore, the rock 20 accommodated in the reaction cell 10 is permeable to CO ₂ solution, and the rock 20A accommodated in the reaction cell 10A is permeable to distilled water. That is, a change with a solution containing a CO _2, can be compared with a solution containing no CO _2, CO ₂ solution can be evaluated the effect on the rock.

As described above, the rock-permeation reactor of the present invention comprises a plurality of reaction cells, one of which contains the rock and flows a solution containing carbon dioxide, and the other reaction cell contains the rock. By storing and separately flowing a solution that does not contain carbon dioxide, the influence of carbon dioxide on rocks can be investigated in more detail. For example, it can be determined in more detail whether or not it is a rock that is easily dissolved by a CO ₂ solution and an element that is easily eluted. As a result, for example, it is possible to obtain a judgment material for evaluating whether the place where the rock 20 exists is appropriate or inappropriate for the CO ₂ underground storage like the vicinity of the rock 104 shown in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of reaction cells may be attached to the housing 1, and the CO ₂ solution that has permeated one reaction cell may be connected so that the other reaction cell can permeate again. Moreover, you may set different temperature to each reaction cell. For example, one reaction cell can be set at a relatively low temperature and the other reaction cell can be set at a relatively high temperature. Thereby, various underground temperature environments can be simulated more flexibly.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention can be utilized in the industrial field | area of the water-permeable reaction apparatus which verifies the reaction at the time of making an acidic solution permeate a rock.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a rock water permeation reaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of a reaction cell. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the state by which carbon dioxide was stored underground. It is a whole block diagram of the water-permeable reaction apparatus of the rock based on the other embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Housing | casing 2 Support | pillar 3 Base 4 Top plate 10, 10A Reaction cell 20, 20A Rock 21 Filter 22 Seal tape 23 Sleeve 24 Heat shrinkable tube 25 Shut-off member 26 Ion exchange water 27 Nut member 28 Bolt 29 Nut 30 Carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) Solution tanks 31, 33, 41 Piping 32 Piston cylinder 40 Compression cylinder 50 Heater 51 Temperature control device 61 Through passage

Claims (5)

A storage container for storing rocks;
A water-permeable means for pumping an acidic solution to the rock stored in the storage container;
Temperature control means for setting the temperature of the rock stored in the storage container,
The rock control device, wherein the temperature control means changes the temperature of the rock stored in the storage container according to the actual environment. The rock-permeable reaction device for rock according to claim 1,
A rock water permeable reaction apparatus comprising pressure adjusting means for pressing the rock stored in the storage container with a pressure according to a real environment. The rock-permeable reaction device for rock according to claim 2,
The storage container is provided with a blocking member for storing rocks,
A fluid is sealed between the storage container and the blocking member,
The rock pressure permeable reaction apparatus, wherein the pressure adjusting means is a pressurizing means that pressurizes the fluid and presses the rock to a pressure corresponding to an actual environment. In the rock-permeable water reaction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The water permeable means sets the composition of the acidic solution pumped to the storage container according to the groundwater composition of the actual environment, and is a rock permeable water reaction apparatus. In the rock-permeable water reaction device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The rock is mined in a place where carbon dioxide is supposed to be stored underground,
The rock water permeation reaction apparatus, wherein the acidic solution is a carbon dioxide-dissolved solution.

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