JP2009056357A - Water purification unit, water purification apparatus, and water purification system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purification unit, a water purification apparatus, and a water purification system capable of removing turbid components and giving purified water although having a simple configuration. <P>SOLUTION: The water purification system 1 comprises a water purification apparatus 4 and a sand filtration apparatus 5 containing filtration sand for filtering treated water W2 treated by the water purification apparatus 4. The water purification apparatus 4 comprises a water purification unit 41 and a treated water tank 22 having a water inlet 18 and a water outlet 24 and the water purification unit 41 is installed in the treated water tank 22 in a manner that the water purification unit 41 freely blocking off the water channel between the water inlet 18 and the water outlet 24. The bottom face of the water channel of the treated water tank 22 is formed slantingly upward to the downstream side in the water flow direction. The water purification unit 41 is configured by hanging a large number of flexible hair materials hung in water in a brush stand. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a water purification unit, a water purification device, and a water purification system that are suitably used in mountainous areas.

  In Japan, the installation of waterworks is almost prevalent throughout urban areas. The water purification equipment for the water supply system includes an agglomeration reaction tank for aggregating the suspended particles in the raw water with an aggregating agent, a filtration tank for filtering the sludge in the treated water generated in the agglomeration reaction tank, and a treatment from the filtration tank. There is known a facility equipped with an activated carbon tank that adsorbs and removes oil and harmful components in water by activated carbon. Such water purification facilities for urban areas are large and constructed on a large site. The flow direction of the water in this water purification facility is generally horizontal, and the flow rate is as high as 120 to 150 m / day. Equipment related to such water purification equipment is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1 below.

JP 7-124593 A

By the way, there are many places where water supply facilities are not used in areas where houses are scattered, such as depopulated areas such as mountainous areas. This is due to the fact that the water purification facilities for waterworks are large, while the number of residents is small, and that there is only a small land in the mountainous area while requiring a large facility area. For this reason, the residents of the area have inevitably used well water as drinking water and domestic water. Although the water quality of well water varies depending on the climate, it must be used even when the water quality deteriorates somewhat.
On the other hand, creepsporidium (pathogenic microorganisms) that cannot be killed by chlorine is troublesome when using well water. It is known that this creepsporidium adheres to mud, which is a turbidity component, and a decrease in the turbidity component in water leads to the removal of creepsporidium.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and provides a water purification unit, a water purification device, and a water purification system capable of obtaining purified water by removing turbidity components with a simple configuration. With the goal.

  In order to achieve the above object, the water purification unit according to the present invention has a configuration in which a large number of flexible bristle materials that hang down in water are suspended from a brush base.

  Moreover, the water purification apparatus which concerns on this invention is equipped with the water purification unit of Claim 1, and the treated water tank which has a water inlet part and a water outlet part, and many flexible bristle materials densely have a water inlet part. A water purification unit is installed in the treated water tank so as to freely block the water passage between the water outlet and the water outlet.

  And in the water purifier of the said structure, the bottom face of the water passage of a treated water tank is inclined and formed in the water flow direction downstream upper direction, and many flexible bristle materials contact the bottom face of the said water flow path.

  Furthermore, the water purification system according to the present invention comprises the water purification device according to claim 2 or claim 3 and a sand filtration device incorporating filter sand for filtering the treated water treated by the water purification device. is there.

  Since the water purifying unit according to the present invention has a large number of flexible bristle materials hanging down in water on the brush base, the turbidity component in the water to be treated is captured between the flexible bristle materials to be treated. It can be used as equipment to reduce water turbidity. In addition, since the configuration is simple, manufacturing is easy and it can be provided at low cost.

  Moreover, in the water purifier which concerns on this invention, since many flexible bristle materials of the above-mentioned water purification unit are provided so that the water flow path of a treated water tank water may be freely plugged, many flexible bristle materials are provided. Can capture purified turbidity components when the treated water that has flowed into the treated water tank passes and lower the turbidity of the treated water to obtain purified water.

  In the water purifier, in the case where a large number of flexible bristle materials are in contact with the bottom surface of the inclined water passage, the turbidity separated from the flexible bristle material after being captured between the flexible bristle materials. Since the turbidity component falls and accumulates on the bottom surface of the water passage, the flexible bristle material can maintain a turbidity component capturing ability of a certain level or more over a long period. In addition, by flowing backwash water from the downstream side to the upstream side of the flexible bristle material, the flexible bristle material and the turbidity component accumulated on the bottom surface are washed away to the upstream side. Can be used repeatedly.

  Furthermore, according to the water purification system according to the present invention, the treated water whose turbidity has been reduced by the water purification device can be further reduced in turbidity by the sand filtration device, so that even higher quality water can be obtained. Therefore, on the premise that water treatment is performed at a relatively slow flow rate, it is possible to obtain high-quality purified water with a small and simple configuration. Thereby, the water purification system of the present invention can be installed even in a narrow area such as a mountainous area, and the water of a river or a well can be used as raw water.

The best embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiment described below is merely an example embodying the present invention, and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a water purification system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, a water purification system 1 according to this embodiment includes a water intake 2 installed in a Tanikawa, a pretreatment tank 3 that removes garbage from the river water taken in by the water intake 2, and a pretreatment tank 3 that collects garbage. The water purifier 4 removes the turbidity component from the treated water W1 from which the water has been removed, and the sand filtration devices 5, 5, 5 for sand-filtering the treated water W2 obtained by removing the turbidity component by the water purifier 4 , 5, intermediate water tank 6 that temporarily stores treated water W3 that has been sand-filtered by sand filtration devices 5, 5, 5, 5, pump 7 that feeds treated water W 3 of intermediate water tank 6, and water that is fed from pump 7 Membrane filtration devices 8A and 8B that filter the treated water W3 with a hollow fiber membrane, a purified water storage tank 9 that stores the treated water W4 obtained by the membrane filtration device 8A or 8B, and a control device 10 that controls the system. From the main. This water purification system 1 is a small-scale device having a water production capacity of 20 to 30 tons / day (for less than 100 people), and the system installation space other than the intake port 2 is, for example, 3 m in the front and rear width, 2 m in the left and right width, and high Is 2.2m and compact.

  In the water purification system 1, the pretreatment tank 3 temporarily receives a primary receiving tank 11 that receives river water from the water intake 2 and separates garbage and the treated water W <b> 1 from which dust is removed in the primary receiving tank 11. A secondary receiving tank 12 is provided. The primary receiving tank 11 of the pretreatment tank 3 is connected to a drain pipe 15 through a pipe 14 having an on-off valve 13 in the middle. The secondary receiving tank 12 of the pretreatment tank 3 is connected to the water inlet 18 of the water purifier 4 via a pipe line 17 having an electromagnetic valve 16. A pipe line 20 having an electromagnetic valve 19 is branched from the upstream side position of the electromagnetic valve 16 in the pipe line 17, and the tip of the pipe line 20 is connected to the water inlet 21 of the water purifier 4. Further, the overflow position of the secondary receiving tank 12 is connected to the drainage pipe line 15 through the overflow pipe line 26. One end of the drain pipe 15 is connected to the drain port 23 of the water purifier 4 and the other end is disposed, for example, in the original Tanikawa. A solenoid valve 31 is provided at the drain outlet 23 in the drain pipe 15. The overflow port 25 of the water purifier 4 is connected to the drainage pipe 15 via the overflow pipe 27.

  The water outlet 24 of the water purifier 4 is connected in parallel to the water inlet side of the sand filtration devices 5, 5, 5, 5 via a pipe line 28. The other end of the overflow line 30 connected to each overflow position of the sand filtering devices 5, 5, 5, 5 is connected to the drain line 15. The other end of the pipe line 29 connected to each water discharge side of the sand filtration devices 5, 5, 5, 5 is connected to the intermediate water tank 6. The other end of the overflow pipe 32 connected to the overflow position of the intermediate water tank 6 is connected to the drain pipe 15. The intermediate water tank 6 and the membrane filtration devices 8A and 8B are connected in parallel via a pipe line 35 having a pump 7 on the way. On the discharge side of the pump 7 in the pipe line 35, a medication pipe line having a pump 34 for feeding the chemical solution in the chemical solution tank 33 is connected. An electromagnetic valve 36A is interposed in the pipeline 35 branched before the membrane filtration device 8A, and an electromagnetic valve 36B is interposed in the pipeline 35 branched before the membrane filtration device 8B. The water discharge sides of the membrane filtration devices 8A and 8B and the other end of the pipe line 37 are connected to the purified water storage tank 9. The water discharge side of the purified water storage tank 9 is connected to a faucet or the like via a purified water pipeline 38. The other end of the overflow pipe 39 connected to the overflow position of the purified water storage tank 9 is connected to the drain pipe 15. The control device 10 is constituted by, for example, a microcomputer including a CPU, a memory, a data bus, and the like, and electromagnetic valves 16, 19, 31 are based on a manual input signal input from a keyboard or the like and a detection signal output from the turbidimeter 40. The pump 7 is driven and controlled.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the water purifier 4 has a water passage 42 on the front side (upstream side in the water passage direction (arrow F)) and a water passage 43 on the rear side (downstream side in the water passage direction). A treated water tank 22 formed in series is provided therein. The water inlet 18 is provided in the lower part of the front surface of the treated water tank 22 communicating with the water passage 42, and a drain outlet 23 is provided at the bottom of the water passage 42 in the treated water tank 22. The bottom surface 44 of the water passage 43 in the treated water tank 22 is formed to be inclined at an angle θ (for example, θ = 45 degrees) upward on the downstream side in the water passage direction. A water outlet 24 is provided at the rear of the water passage 43 in the treated water tank 22. A turbidimeter 40 for detecting the turbidity of the treated water W2 is provided in the vicinity of the water outlet 24 in the treated water tank 22. The overflow port portion 25 is provided at the upper rear end of the treated water tank 22, and the water injection port portion 21 is provided at the front portion of the bottom surface 44.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the water purification unit 41 includes a long-sized brush base 48 that spans the left and right upper edges of the treated water tank 22, and a large number of hairs that are suspended from the lower surface of the brush base 48. It is mainly composed of materials 45, 45, 45,. On the lower surface of the brush base 48, a large number of planting holes 49, 49, 49, ... are formed in a staggered pattern. Each planting hole 49 communicates with the upper surface space of the brush base 48 through a through-hole 50 formed coaxially. Then, for example, a bundle of 100 bristle materials 45, 45, 45,... Is folded at the intermediate portion of the filament, and a fastening line 51 such as a wire is passed through the folded portion of the bundle. Pulled in and held. This retaining line 51 is carried in a staggered manner and is sequentially inserted into the adjacent through hole 50 to hold a bundle of hair materials 45, 45, 45,. A large number of bristle materials 45, 45, 45,... Held in this way constitute a dense warming member 46 like the beard teeth of cetaceans. The bristle materials 45, 45, 45,... Are planted on the brush base 48 in a dense state such that adjacent bristle materials 45 are in contact with each other, and hang down in the water. Each bristle member 45 is flexible enough to bend freely as it is suitable for water flow. Such flexibility is determined by the material constituting the bristle material 45, the bristle diameter, and the length. Incidentally, the hair material 45 used in this embodiment is, for example, a pigmented polypropylene monofilament (Prime Polymer product Prime Polypro F113G, specific gravity = about 1.1), the filament diameter is about 0.26 mm, and the brush base 48. The hanging length from the center is 50 to 80 cm.

  A large number of such water purification units 41 are installed on the upper edge of the treated water tank 22 in the front-rear direction, and are positioned by front, rear, left and right engaging protrusions 47, 47, 47, 47. In this case, the length of each bristle material 45, 45, 45, ... so that the lower end of the bristle material 45, 45, 45, ... of the warming member 46 is in contact with the inclined bottom surface 44 of the water passage 43. Is set. As described above, the bristle materials 45, 45, 45,... Are densely arranged in the front-rear and left-right directions, and the lower ends thereof are in contact with the bottom surface 44. It is.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the sand filter 5 is provided with a water inlet portion 56 provided on one side surface, an overflow port portion 58 provided on the upper side of the other side surface, and a bottom surface. A filtered water tank 55 having a water outlet 57 is provided. Spacers 59, 59, 59, 59, 59 are provided on the bottom surface of the filtered water tank 55 to secure a water passage space. A mesh body 60 such as a stainless steel net or a punching metal covering the entire upper surface of the bottom surface is placed on the spacers 59, 59, 59, 59, 59. The paving stones 61, 61, 61,... Are spread on the mesh body 60, and the filter sand 61, 61, 61,. In this water purification system 1, four sand filtration devices 5, 5, 5, and 5 are used. A pipe 28 is connected in parallel to the water inlets 56, 56, 56, 56 of the sand filtration devices 5, 5, 5, 5, and a pipe 29 is connected in parallel to the water inlet / outlets 57, 57, 57, 57, The overflow line 30 is connected in parallel to the overflow ports 58, 58, 58, 58. These sand filtration devices 5, 5, 5, 5 are installed on support plates 54, 54, 54, 54, 54 spanned between left and right support frames 53, 53 erected on the base 52. ing. Such an upper and lower stacking arrangement is for reducing the installation space in the horizontal direction as much as possible and is not particularly limited. For example, the sand filtration devices 5, 5, 5, 5, and 5 are arranged in the horizontal direction. It doesn't matter. The membrane filtration devices 8A and 8B are provided with a hollow fiber membrane having countless pores having a pore diameter of 3 to 5 μm in a sealed container.

  In this water purification system 1, the water intake port 2, the pretreatment tank 3, the water purification device 4, the sand filtration device 5, and the intermediate water tank 6 are arranged so that their height positions become lower in that order. Thereby, it is comprised in the natural flow-down type | formula from which the river water flows down by the dead weight from the water intake 2 to the intermediate tank 6. Naturally, the pipes 17, 28, 29 and the pipes from the intake port 2 to the pretreatment tank 3 are selected to have a circulation amount larger than the amount commensurate with the water production capacity of the water purification system 1. Moreover, it is preferable to select the overflow pipes 26, 27, 30, and 32 having a large circulation amount.

  Next, the operation of the water purification system 1 configured as described above will be described. Prior to operation, the on-off valve 13 is closed and the on-off valves 36, 36, 36, 36 are opened. Further, the solenoid valve 16 is opened and the solenoid valves 19 and 31 are closed by a drive command from the control device 10. Therefore, about 30 liters of river water (turbidity: 50 to 100 ppm) taken from the intake port 2 per minute is settled and separated in the primary receiving tank 11 of the pretreatment tank 3. The treated water W1 obtained by removing dust and the like in the preliminary treatment tank 3 flows from the secondary receiving tank 12 through the pipe line 17 into the water passage 42 of the treated water tank 22 from the water inlet 18 of the water purifier 4. The treated water W <b> 1 that has flowed up rises in the water passage 42 and then flows in the water passage 43 obliquely upward or horizontally toward the water outlet portion 24. The flow velocity at this time is very slow, for example, 4 to 200 m / hour. Then, the turbidity component in the to-be-treated water W1 is captured and scavenged between the dense hair materials 45, 45, 45,... Of the warming member 46 blocking the water passage 43. Thereby, the treated water W2 with a turbidity of 5 to 10 ppm is obtained. At this time, the flow resistance of the heating member 46 is extremely small, so that water supply by using a pump is unnecessary.

  On the other hand, the control device 10 closes the solenoid valve 16 every predetermined time for regular backwashing of the warming member 46 or when the turbidity detection value by the turbidimeter 40 exceeds the target upper limit value. Then, the solenoid valves 19 and 31 are opened. Thereby, the to-be-processed water W1 from the secondary receiving tank 12 flows in into the treated water tank 22 from the water injection port part 21 through the pipe line 20, and flows in the direction opposite to the water flow direction (arrow F direction) at the time of normal operation. As a result, the lower ends of the flexible bristle materials 45, 45, 45,... Move in the direction opposite to the arrow F and move away from the bottom surface 44 that is an inclined surface (45 of the two-dot chain line in FIG. 2). ), And the hair materials 45, 45, 45,... Are swung in the water to be treated W1. As a result, the turbidity component is shaken off between the bristle materials 45, 45, 45,..., Accompanying the backwash flow of the water to be treated W1 or flowing down on the bottom surface 44 to move to the water passage 42. To do. The treated water W1 and the turbidity component transferred to the water passage 42 are discharged from the drain pipe 15 through the drain port 23, and the water level of the water W1 is finally lowered to the water passage 42 below the bottom surface 44. . The treated water W1 and the turbidity component discharged as described above are mixed with a large amount of overflow water discharged from the secondary receiving tank 12, the sand filtration device 5, the intermediate water tank 6 and the like, and diluted. There is no problem even if it is released into Tanigawa.

  Then, the treated water W2 obtained by the warming member 46 of the water purifier 4 flows in parallel from the pipe line 28 to the sand filter devices 5, 5, 5, 5 through the water outlet 24. The treated water W2 that has flowed into the filtered water tanks 55, 55, 55, 55 from the water inlets 56, 56, 56, 56 has turbidity components removed by the filtered sand 62, 62, 62,. The treated water W3 is less than 2 ppm. Since this treated water W3 has a turbidity of less than 2 ppm, it becomes a potable water specified by the current water supply law. That is, the river water taken in from the intake port 2 flows down to the intermediate water tank 6 by its own weight and becomes treated water W3. In this way, potable water (treated water W3) could be produced without using a pump. Note that the sand filter 62 of the sand filter device 5 is not subjected to the backwashing treatment, and after use for a predetermined period, the entire sand filter device 5 is replaced with a new one, but a pump and a backwash pipe are separately provided. It is also possible to repeatedly use the filter sand 62 by backwashing.

  And the treated water W3 obtained by the sand filtration devices 5, 5, 5, and 5 flows into the intermediate water tank 6 from the pipe line 29 through the water outlet 57 and is temporarily stored. The treated water W3 stored in the intermediate water tank 6 is discharged to the pipeline 35 by the pump 7 (discharge pressure 147 kPa) and is sent toward the membrane filtration devices 8A and 8B. A predetermined amount of the sterilizing agent in the chemical solution tank 33 is injected into the treated water W3 by the pump 34 before the membrane filtration devices 8A and 8B (an amount that makes the residual chlorine in the final treated water W4 0.1 ppm or more). . In the membrane filtration devices 8A and 8B, the hollow fiber membrane in the sealed container further removes the turbidity component from the treated water W3 to produce treated water W4 (about 20 liters per minute) with a turbidity of less than 0.1 ppm. The treated water W4 having a turbidity of less than 0.1 ppm also satisfies the water quality standards stipulated by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. When the hollow fiber membranes of the membrane filtration devices 8A and 8B have been used for a predetermined period, the hollow fiber membrane cartridge is replaced with a new one. The treated water W4 thus obtained is stored in the purified water storage tank 9 and used as necessary.

  As described above, according to the water purification system 1, the treated water W2 that has been reduced in turbidity by the water purification device 4 is further reduced in turbidity by the sand filtration device 5 to be treated water W3, and then the membrane filtration devices 8A and 8B. Therefore, it is possible to obtain high-quality purified water that satisfies the water quality standards stipulated in the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, with a small and simple configuration. Therefore, the water purification system 1 can be installed in narrow areas such as mountainous areas, and water from rivers and wells can be used as raw water.

In the above embodiment, 45 degrees is exemplified as the upward angle θ on the downstream side in the water flow direction in the bottom surface 44 of the water flow path 43, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The inclination angle of the bottom surface of the water passage referred to in the present invention is preferably, for example, 35 to 60 degrees. If the inclination angle of the bottom surface is less than 35 degrees, the turbidity component dropped from between the hair materials during backwashing may remain on the bottom surface and accumulate. If the inclination angle of the bottom surface exceeds 60 degrees, the upward flow component of the water flow to be treated is larger than the horizontal flow component, and thus there is a problem that the trapping ability between the hair materials is too low.
In the above, an example in which a large number of water purification units 41 are juxtaposed has been shown. However, a brush base is formed in a single flat plate shape, and a flexible bristle material is suspended from the lower surface of the brush base. The water purification unit comprising is also included in the present invention.

It is a schematic structure figure showing the water purification system concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is right side sectional drawing which shows the water purification apparatus of the said water purification system. It is a top view of the water purifier. It is a front view which shows the water purification unit of the said water purifier. It is the figure which showed the said water purification unit, (a) is a partial bottom view, (b) is a partial top view, (c) is an AA arrow directional cross-sectional view in (b). It is the right view which showed the arrangement | positioning relationship between the said water purification unit and the sand filter apparatus. It is the figure which showed the said sand filtration apparatus, (a) is a rear view, (b) is right sectional drawing.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water purification system 4 Water purification apparatus 5 Sand filtration apparatus 18 Water inlet part 22 Treated water tank 24 Water outlet part 41 Water purification unit 43 Water passage 44 Bottom 45 Hair material (flexible hair material)
46 Heating member 48 Brush base 55 Filtration water tank 62 Filtration sand W2 Treated water F Arrow θ angle

Claims (4)

A water purification unit characterized in that a large number of flexible bristle materials hanging down in water are suspended from a brush base. A water passage between the water inlet and the water outlet, comprising the water purification unit according to claim 1 and a treated water tank having a water inlet and a water outlet. A water purification apparatus, wherein a water purification unit is installed in a treated water tank so as to block water freely. The water purifier according to claim 2, wherein the bottom surface of the water passage of the treated water tank is formed to be inclined upward in the downstream direction of the water passage, and a large number of flexible bristle materials are in contact with the bottom surface of the water passage. A water purification system comprising the water purification device according to claim 2 or 3 and a sand filtration device containing filter sand for filtering treated water treated by the water purification device.

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