JP2009055846A - Riding plant husbandry vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a particulate scattering apparatus to be mounted on a riding plant husbandry vehicle to smoothly transport the particulate by air flow generated by a blowing unit. <P>SOLUTION: The riding plant husbandry vehicle has a particulate scattering apparatus 1 mounted on a machine frame 6 and provided with a tank 10 to hold particulate fertilizer, a pair of right and left delivering devices 11 delivering the particulate stored in the tank 10, a blower 12 to transport the particulate by air flow, and right and left spray pipes 13, 14 to scatter the particulate. Single blower 12 is placed at the rear end of the machine frame, aeration pipes 30 are extended forward from the blower 12 in a state branched to the right and left, a middle of each aeration pipe 30 is placed close to the lower side of the delivery device 11 of the tank 1, and the spray pipe 14 extended to a side of the machine body is connected to the front end of each of the right and left aeration pipes 30. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a passenger-type management work vehicle equipped with a powder and particulate material spraying device that sprays a granular material, such as granular fertilizer, contained in a tank, onto a farm field by using a feeding device.

Conventionally, a tank that stores fertilizer, etc., is mounted on the body of a passenger-type management work vehicle, and a powder or granular fertilizer in the tank is caused to flow down by the rotation of a feed valve and blown through a feed pipe. The air flow caused by the rotation of the blower fan is guided into the conduit on the unit side, and the fertilizer, etc. riding on the wind is scattered from the tip outlet to the field through the branch pipe and fertilizer discharge pipe. There is a configuration (Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-272390

  However, in the conventional configuration, the fertilizer discharge pipes are arranged on the left and right sides of the machine body, whereas the centrifugal blower as a blower unit is provided on one side of the machine body as a single unit. It was difficult to distribute and supply the granular fertilizer fed from the tank of the left and right evenly to the left and right fertilizer discharge pipes by blowing air.

  Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 12, a configuration in which a pair of left and right fertilizer tanks is provided, or a pair of left and right feeding portions b and c are provided in a single tank a, and a blower unit d is disposed in the interval between the left and right feeding portions b and c. However, the through-cylinders e and e for blowing air from the blower unit d are changed in direction by 180 ° before reaching the lower portions of the feeding parts b and c, and are further changed to 90 before reaching the fertilizer discharge pipes f and f. ° The direction will be changed, and a reduction in ventilation efficiency is inevitable.

  In view of the above, the invention according to claim 1 is provided in the machine body frame (6) with a tank (10) for storing the granular material and a feeding device (1) for feeding the granular material in the left and right tanks (10). 11) Riding type management equipped with a blower (12) that conveys the granular material by air blowing, and a granular material spraying device (1) that includes left and right nozzles (13, 14) that spray the granular material In the work vehicle, the blower (12) is provided on the rear end side of the machine body frame (6), and the through cylinders (30) are branched from the blower (12) to the front side. 30) is inserted below the feeding device (11) of the tank (1), and a jet pipe (14) extending to the side of the fuselage is connected to the front end of each of the left and right cylinders (30). The configuration is a passenger-type management work vehicle.

  When configured as described above, the air flow generated by the air blower moves forward through the branching cylinder and further reaches the injection pipe (13, 14). Particulate matter fed from the halfway feeding device into the through-cylinder is conveyed by the air flow and dispersed from the injection tube (14).

  In the invention according to claim 2, the tank (10) is arranged on the rear side with respect to the axial center (k) of the rear wheel (5) in a plan view, and the axial core (k) of the rear wheel (5) is arranged. The configuration of the riding type management work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a jet tube (14) projecting to the side of the fuselage is disposed on the front side.

  Therefore, it is possible to perform stable running with less weight deviation compared to the case where both the tank (10) and the second jet tube (14) are arranged rearward of the rear wheel (5) shaft as in the prior art. it can.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the first injection pipe (13) is connected to the left and right cylinders (30), and the injection pipe (14) extending to the left and right of the fuselage is connected to the first injection pipe (13). The configuration of the riding type management work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a guide tube (54) is connected to the first jet pipe (13) so as to be sprayed downward. Therefore, it can be sprayed below the airframe step of the management work vehicle and can be dispersed within the airframe traveling width.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the air flow generated by the blower (12) branches right and left and enters the through cylinder (30) and then reaches the first injection pipe (13). Since it is sequentially sent forward from the blower (12), it is possible to achieve efficient powder and granular material conveyance without causing stagnation.

  In addition to the effect of the first aspect, the invention according to the second aspect distributes and arranges the heavy tank (10) and the second jet pipe (14) in the front and rear with the rear wheel (4) interposed therebetween. Therefore, the balance of the aircraft is good and the running stability is good.

  In addition to the effect of the first aspect, the invention according to the third aspect can be applied to the lower part of the airframe step of the management work vehicle.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
First, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the granular spraying device 1 is mounted on the rear part of the riding type management work vehicle 2. A pair of left and right tanks 10 and 10 are mounted on the rear part of the body frame 6 of the riding type management work vehicle 2 that has the engine 3 mounted on the front, and that appropriately changes the engine speed and transmits the front and rear wheels 4 and 5. . In addition to the tank 10, the granular spraying device 1 includes a feeding device 11, a blower device 12, a first injection tube 13, a second injection tube 14, a control unit 15, and the like.

  Each of the pair of tanks 10 and 10 is provided with a feeding device 11 for feeding a predetermined amount of sprayed granule from the tank 10. The feeding device 11 has a known configuration in which the roll 20 is configured as a roll drive shaft 21, and a plurality of feeding recesses are formed in the circumferential direction with the same capacity.

  The pair of left and right roll drive shafts 21 and 21 are configured to be interlocked with a motor interlocking shaft 23 orthogonal to these by a bevel gear group (not shown). The motor interlocking shaft 23 is coupled to a roll driving motor 25 as driving means by coupling.

  Below the pair of feeding devices 11 and 11, through-cylinders 30 and 30 whose rear sides are extended obliquely inward with respect to the advancing direction of the machine body are seen. The cylinders 30 and 30 are branched from the case portion of the blower fan 12a of the blower device 12 to the left and right, and receive air generated by driving the blower fan 12a to branch the air flow to the left and right. It is set as the structure which distributes toward. The other downstream end of each through-cylinder 30, 30, that is, the front side of the machine body is configured to communicate with the first injection tube 13.

  The blower 12 is constituted by the blower fan 12a that is linked to the PTO shaft 32 of the riding type management work vehicle 2 via an electromagnetic clutch 12b, and the blast air enters the through-cylinder 30 via the blower cylinder 31. In this configuration, the fed granular material is transported on the air flow and reaches the first jet tube 13.

  The left and right first jet tubes 13 are arranged in a space between the tank 10 and a passenger seat 33 provided on the upper part of the two passenger management machines, with a cylindrical shaft core in the plane of the aircraft in plan view. The second injection tube 14 is connected to the left and right first injection tubes 13 via a bellows tube 40 so as to be bent.

  That is, a cylindrical body 42 is provided at the distal end of the bellows tube 40, and the cylindrical body 42 is configured to be rotatable around a longitudinal support shaft 44 via an arm body 43, and projects sideways from the arm body 43 from the machine frame side. An electric telescopic cylinder 45 is interposed between the support bracket 34 and the second support tube 34. The second jet tube 14 is laterally expanded to be in a working posture by shortening the electric motor 46 by forward rotation, and is extended by reverse rotation. It is the structure which accommodates the jet tube 14 in the state along an airframe. Reference numeral 35 denotes a bracket for supporting a rotation fulcrum around the vertical axis by the electric telescopic cylinder 45.

  When the second jet tube 14 is housed in a state along the fuselage along with the reverse rotation of the electric motor 46, the second jet tube 14 in the stowed state is moved to the fuselage side by placing the pivot fulcrum at a position approaching the fuselage. Since it can be made to approach, in plane view, it can be accommodated inside the raising / lowering step 36 provided in the body side, and raising / lowering to the body at the time of accommodation is easy.

  The electric telescopic cylinder 45 and the electric motor 46 are disposed between the rear wheel 5 and the tank 10. Although the mud is splashed up during traveling, it is located inside the rear wheel 5 and can be avoided from the jumping-up location, and it is difficult to cause adverse effects due to mud adhesion to the electric telescopic cylinder 45 and the electric motor 46.

  Further, in plan view, the tank 10 is arranged on the rear side with the axle axis of the rear wheel 5 as a boundary, and the long second jet tubes 14 and 14 are arranged on the front side. As compared with the case where the rear wheels are arranged behind the 5-axis center of the rear wheel, the balance of the airframe is improved and the running is stabilized.

  The cylindrical body 42 is provided with a lateral support shaft 47, and the second jet tube 14 is connected via the support shaft 47, and is rotated around the lateral support shaft 47 in addition to the movement to the storage posture. Can be switched between a vertical storage posture and a horizontal working posture, and the left and right second jet tubes 14L and 14R can be moved based on the operation of an operation lever (not shown) at hand. It can be switched to a vertical posture (non-working posture) or a horizontal posture (working posture). 49L and 49R are traction ropes for interlocking operation of the second jet tube 14L or 14R. The second nozzle tube 14 is formed with nozzle holes 50, 50... Having a predetermined diameter at predetermined intervals.

  The body of the riding type management work vehicle 2 includes a step 51, which is formed long from the front side supporting the passenger's foot to the rear side bypassing the seat 33 and fixing the tank 10. A circular opening 52 is formed below the left and right first jet tubes 13. This opening hole 52 is located at a position where a nozzle 53 formed in the first nozzle 13 is viewed. A guide cylinder 54 is connected to the nozzle 53 and receives a part of the granular material from the nozzle 53 to guide the flow down to the field scene. It is the structure which can be spread | dispersed (FIG. 1).

  As shown in FIG. 5, the guide tube 54 is provided with a connecting portion 13 a formed with a circumferential portion having a large diameter in the downward direction at an intermediate nozzle 53 of the first injection tube 13. The guide tube 54 is externally fitted, and includes a large-diameter portion that is fitted to a large-diameter circumferential portion. A crank-like bent portion 54a is formed from the middle of the guide tube 54, and the lower end opening 54b is configured to be rotatable about the connecting portion center (vertical axis). Reference numeral 55 denotes a rotation lever linked to the guide cylinder 54, and the gripping portion is disposed behind the seat 33.

  The powder / granular material can be ejected from the guide tube 54 configured as described above, and the discharge / falling position can be appropriately set by the turning operation around the vertical axis of the guide tube 54. It is good to set according to. The operator can adjust the gripping portion of the rear turning lever 55 while holding the seat 33.

  The granular spraying device 1 mounted on the rear portion of the riding type management work vehicle 2 includes a trapezoidal spray frame 56 in a side view and a caster frame 57 extending to the rear surface and surrounding the rear surface of the blower device 12. Yes. Furthermore, a hook frame 59 that engages with the fuselage side hitch 58 downward from the caster frame 57 is provided. The spraying frame 56 is disposed so as to be placed on the rear end side of the airframe frame 6 of the airframe, and when the granular spraying device 1 is rotated backward about the engaging part between the hook frame 59 and the hitch 58 part. The casters 57 a and 57 b of the caster frame 57 can be grounded (the phantom line in FIG. 6), and the hook frame 59 can be removed from the hitch 58 to separate the granular spraying device 1 from the body frame 6. Although the caster frame 57 is provided, when the spraying device 1 is mounted, it is disposed at the rear end and has a guard function / bumper function, and can prevent damage in the event of an unexpected collision.

  Next, the control unit 15 of the granular spraying device 1 having the above configuration will be described. The control unit 15 includes a fertilizer controller 15A, a motor controller 15B, and a main machine controller 15C connected to each other (FIGS. 7 and 8). Among them, the fertilizer controller 15A includes data necessary for fertilization and herbicide application, for example, While inputting the motor rotation pulse of the roll drive motor 24, selection information by the left and right boom spreading levers 48L and 48R, drive information of the blower fan 12a, a remaining amount sensor (not shown) detection signal provided in the tank 10, etc. The motor rotation output pulse signal, the motor rotation direction switching signal, etc. are output to the motor controller 15B.

The machine controller 15C is configured to transmit the vehicle speed data from the means for detecting the vehicle speed to the fertilizer controller 15A.
In addition, the fertilizer controller 15 </ b> A inputs information on switches disposed on the operation panel 60. A variable switch 62, fertilizer setting switch 63, increase / decrease switches 64U and 64D, and a total reset switch 65 are disposed in the vicinity of the liquid crystal display unit 61 on the operation panel 55 in the figure. This is a configuration input to 15A. The display content of the liquid crystal display unit 61 can display a fertilizer application set value, a specific gravity value, a memory value, and a cumulative value, respectively, and is output so as to be sequentially switched and displayed by turning on the display changeover switch 66.

  The fertilizer controller 15A incorporates an automatic control mode. That is, when the non-illustrated key switch is turned on, the automatic mode is entered. In this automatic mode, a motor rotation output pulse (roll drive motor rotation signal) is sent to the motor controller 15B that drives the roll of the feeding device 11 in accordance with the fertilizer application set value and the vehicle speed so that the fertilizer application amount per unit area becomes constant. ) Is output.

  Before starting the work, turn on the fertilizer setting switch 63 to display the current fertilizer application amount (counter-contact fertilizer application amount (kg)). Check whether the fertilizer application amount is appropriate for the work to be performed. When the change is made in units of 1 kg by the switch 64U or the decrease switch 64D and the fertilizer setting switch 63 is turned on again for a predetermined time (for example, 2 seconds or more), the value A (kg) is stored.

Next, the specific gravity is set. When the display changeover switch 66 is turned on and “specific gravity” is selected, the current set value is displayed. It is confirmed whether or not the specific gravity value is suitable for the work in the future, and when it is different, the increment switch 64U or the decrement switch 64D is used to change the fertilizer setting switch 63 again for a predetermined time (for example, 2 seconds or more). When turned on, the value D (g / cm ³ ) is stored.

  Thereafter, the controller is configured to perform the feeding amount control of the feeding device 11 necessary for spraying the set fertilizer amount while taking in the vehicle speed data. For example, the feed amount increase / decrease control is performed by controlling the rotation speed of the feed valve.

  Next, the improvement of the feeding valve rotation speed control of the feeding device 11 will be described with reference to FIGS. The number of rotations of the roll 20 is changed and spraying commensurate with the set fertilizer amount is performed as described above. However, if the vehicle speed is increased, the amount of feed must be increased in order to spray evenly to a predetermined section. That is, since the rotation speed of the roll 20 is increased, the filling rate of the roll of the granular material into the feed recess is greatly reduced, so that it is not possible to obtain a spraying state according to the spraying setting, or it is not possible to ensure uniform sprayability. There is.

  Therefore, the relationship between the roll rotation speed and the roll filling rate is measured in advance, and this is input to the controller. That is, the relationship between the roll rotation speed and the filling rate generally tends to decrease as the roll rotation speed increases (FIG. 9).

At the time of spraying work, roll rotation speed is calculated based on FIG. That is, the set fertilizer application amount A, the vehicle speed V, and the like are input, and the controller calls the filling rate y to determine the roll rotation speed R. For example, assuming the spreading width w, roll volume C, and specific gravity D,
R = α (A · w · V) / (C · D · y) (1)
It becomes. α is a constant.

In addition, since the relationship between the roll rotational speed x and the filling rate y exhibits a linear function,
y = mx + n (2)
The following relational expression holds. m and n are constants. Therefore, when calculating the roll rotational speed R during the spraying operation according to the formula (1), the necessary roll rotational speed R may be calculated while calculating the filling rate y. That is, the relational expression (2) between x and y is input to the controller in advance, and when calculating the roll rotational speed R by the above formula (1), the filling rate y0 is determined from the current roll rotational speed R0. Prediction is performed, and the roll rotation speed R is calculated again from the predicted filling rate y0. If the difference between the calculated roll rotational speed R and the initial rotational speed R0 is within the predetermined range β, the calculated roll rotational speed R is employed to perform the work. On the other hand, if it still does not fall within the predetermined range β, it is recalculated by adding ΔR, and it is repeated until it falls within the range of β (FIG. 11).

  As described above, since the roll rotational speed R is calculated in consideration of the filling rate that varies depending on the roll rotational speed, a highly accurate application amount even when the roll is controlled at a particularly high rotational speed. Can be realized.

Side view of a riding type management work vehicle equipped with a granular fertilizer Top view of a passenger-type management work vehicle equipped with a powder fertilizer Rear view of a passenger-type management work vehicle equipped with a powder fertilizer Top view of a riding-type management work vehicle with the powder fertilizer applied Exploded perspective view of guide tube Side view of another example of a passenger management vehicle Operation panel top view Overview diagram showing an example of controller connection Roll rotation speed-filling rate relationship graph flowchart flowchart Plan view of a granular fertilizer showing a conventional structure

Explanation of symbols

6 Airframes 10 and 10 Tanks 11 and 11 Feeding device 12 Blowers 13, 13, 14 and 14 墳 pipe 20 Feeding rolls 30 and 30 Cylinder 51 Step 53 Open hole 54 Guide tube

Claims (3)

A tank (10) that accommodates the granular material in the machine frame (6), a feeding device (11) that feeds the granular material of the tank (10) provided in a pair of left and right, and a blower that conveys the granular material by blowing air (12) and a rear end side of the body frame (6) in a passenger-type management work vehicle equipped with the powder and dust particle distribution device (1) provided with the left and right nozzles (13, 14) for distributing the powder and granular material. Is provided with the blower (12), and forward cylinders (30) are branched from the blower (12) to the front, and a tank (1) feeding device ( 11) A riding type management work vehicle that is connected to a front side of each of the left and right through-cylinders (30) and has an injection tube (14) projecting to the side of the fuselage. In plan view, a tank (10) is arranged on the rear side with respect to the axial center (k) of the rear wheel (5), and the jet projecting to the front side of the body from the axial center (k) of the rear wheel (5). The riding type management work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the pipe (14) is arranged. A first injection pipe (13) is connected to the left and right cylinders (30), and an injection pipe (14) extending to the left and right of the fuselage is connected to the first injection pipe (13), and the first injection pipe (13). The riding type management work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a guide cylinder (54) is connected to the vehicle so that it can be sprayed downward.

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