JP2009050195A - Method and facility for producing ethanol - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing ethanol, which enables raw material procurement continuously and steadily in commercially producing ethanol in our country and utilizes carbon dioxide as a byproduct in ethanol production. <P>SOLUTION: The method includes the step of producing ethanol through liquefaction/saccharification by inoculating Aspergillus oryzae into rice washed water recovered in the treatment step for obtaining non-wash rice in a rice-polishing plant and concurrently through alcoholic fermentation by yeast addition, and the step of producing a functional food by extracting functional ingredients from a byproduct such as rice bran recovered in the rice-polishing plant by utilizing ethanol or carbon dioxide produced in the ethanol production step. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing ethanol using biomass resources and a production facility thereof. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for producing bioethanol, such as a substitute for gasoline for automobiles, by using a by-product (so-called sharpened soup) from a washing process in a rice mill.

Methods for producing ethanol from various biological materials are well known. For example, as a starting material, a material such as corn that can easily saccharify starch can be used. When saccharification / fermentation treatment is performed, and then the fermentation broth is subjected to distillation treatment to separate water, ethanol is obtained. At this time, carbon dioxide and residue are produced as by-products, but the carbon dioxide is not simply released to the atmosphere, but reused to synthesize and effectively use industrial methanol, acetylene and benzene. There is a technique of reusing as a supplement or fertilizer for animal feed (see Patent Document 1).

Focusing on the above starting materials, producing ethanol from edible grains (rice, wheat, soybeans, sugarcane, etc.) planted in Japan is very expensive and can be obtained from residues. Although animal feeds and plant fertilizers can be reused as recyclable resources, they are unprofitable and unrealistic because they are traded as they are and their added value is low. Therefore, if cellulosic waste such as waste wood is used as a starting material instead of expensive starch-containing grains, it can be economically produced.

However, the use of cellulosic waste such as waste wood is currently in the research and development stage, and is it possible to procure raw materials continuously and constantly for commercial ethanol production in Japan? There are problems such as.
JP-T 56-501311

In view of the above problems, the present invention can continuously and constantly procure raw materials for commercial ethanol production in Japan, and can effectively use carbon dioxide, which is a by-product in ethanol production, as a by-product. It is a technical problem to provide an ethanol production method and a production facility thereof capable of producing a food material with high added value from a certain residue.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is an ethanol that inoculates koji mold collected in the washing-free rice treatment process in a rice mill and liquefies and saccharifies it, and also adds yeast to produce alcohol by alcohol fermentation. Technology that includes a production process and a functional food production process for extracting functional components using ethanol or carbon dioxide produced in the ethanol production process as a by-product such as rice bran recovered in the rice mill Took appropriate measures.

Moreover, it is good to provide the gasification electric power generation process which performs gasification electric power generation using hulls, such as a rice bran produced in the rice polishing process of the said rice mill.

And while transmitting electricity generated in the gasification power generation process to the rice milling process, washing-free rice treatment process, ethanol production process and functional food production process, respectively, the waste heat generated in the gasification power generation process, It may be used as a heat source used in the ethanol production process.

According to the method for producing ethanol of the present invention, ethanol can be produced using the sharpened juice collected in the washing-free rice treatment step in the rice mill, so that the demand for washing-free rice has increased rapidly in recent years. In addition, raw materials can be procured constantly and inexpensively. In addition, sharpening juice contains a large number of starch particles, and it is easily liquefied and saccharified compared to cellulosic waste such as waste wood, so it is possible to produce high-concentration ethanol with less impurities. It becomes. Further, since the sharpening juice is in a liquid state, hydrolysis and pulverization are not required. Furthermore, by using by-products such as rice bran recovered at the rice mill and ethanol or carbon dioxide produced in the ethanol production process, it is possible to extract functional ingredients and produce food materials with high added value. Yes, the profitability when producing ethanol is dramatically improved.

Furthermore, it comprises a gasification power generation process that performs gasification power generation using an outer skin such as rice bran produced in the rice milling process of the rice mill, and the electricity generated in the gasification power generation process is converted into the rice milling process and the washing-free rice processing process. In addition to transmitting power to the ethanol production process and the functional food production process, the waste heat generated in the gasification power generation process can be used as a heat source to be used in the ethanol production process, and the outer skin can be used as a circulation resource. it can.

In the method for producing ethanol of the present invention, sharpening juice from a non-washing process in a rice mill is used as a starting material. The inventors of the present invention have made rapid progress in demand for washing-free treated rice that does not need to be sharpened during rice cooking. It was found that raw materials can be procured. In addition, sharpening juice contains a large number of starch particles, and it is easily liquefied and saccharified compared to cellulosic waste such as waste wood, so it is possible to produce high-concentration ethanol with less impurities. I found out.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the steps of the method for producing ethanol of the present invention. The method for producing ethanol of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

Step 1 in FIG. 1 is a large-scale grain drying preparation storage facility, and after the coarsely picked, dried, and stored high-moisture rice cake received is supplied to the huller 1. When the raw rice cake is crushed and refined by the rice huller 1, the brown rice is shipped to the rice mill in step 2, and the rice husk as a by-product is supplied to the gasification power generation facility in step 6. Various rice milling machines such as a grinding rice mill, a friction rice mill, a polishing rice mill using a brush roll, and a wet friction rice mill can be used as the rice mill 2 used in the rice mill in step 2. Moreover, when not handling a wet friction type | formula rice mill, it is good to provide the watering process which performs tempering for 5 minutes at normal temperature after adding 2% weight water with respect to brown rice in the front process of the rice mill 2.

When a polishing type rice mill using a brush roll is used, the brush roll should be made of SUS304, a twisted wire, a wire diameter of 0.6 mm, and a brush length of 25 mm. As a result, it was found that the endosperm recovery rate was improved and the broken rice generation rate was reduced as compared with a friction type cereal roll having a normal protrusion (see the table below).

Then, the rice bran and germ as by-products of the rice mill 2 are supplied to the step 4, and the white rice as the refined product is supplied to the washing-free rice production apparatus 4 through the refiner 3 comprising a rotary shifter or a color sorter. Then, the sharpening soup that is a by-product of the washing-free rice production apparatus 4 is first supplied to the fermentation tank 5A in which koji molds are introduced and liquefied, and then supplied to the fermentation tank 5B for saccharification. In the fermentation tanks 5A and 5B, the koji mold that secretes amylase dissolves the starch of the sharpened juice and is liquefied and saccharified to produce a saccharified solution. Not only this manufacturing method but also using a special yeast, it is possible to omit the step of saccharifying starch with gonococcus. Moreover, it is also possible to mix and process the finely pulverized granule selected by the refiner 3 with the sharpening juice. Next, this saccharified solution is supplied to the fermentation tank 6 in which the yeast of step 3 is introduced, and alcohol fermentation is performed.

In the fermentation tank 6, the yeast functions to ferment the saccharified starch and produce alcohol. The extract taken out from the fermentation tank 6 </ b> B is ethanol-containing alcohol and is supplied to the next distillation apparatus 7. In the distillation apparatus 7, by using heated steam, the ethanol-containing alcohol is heated to perform a distillation treatment to obtain high-concentration ethanol, which is provided as industrial ethanol and fuel ethanol.

Step 4 in FIG. 1 shows a functional food production process for producing high-value-added health foods and the like from the by-products produced in the rice milling machine 2 in the above-mentioned process 2.

In the functional food manufacturing process, the rice bran and germ separated from the rice mill 2 are supplied to the oil recovery machines 8A and 8B, respectively. The oil recovery machines 8A and 8B may be compression type oil presses, and can obtain rice bran oil or germ oil. Next, the squeezed rice bran oil, germ oil, and those squeezed straws are supplied to the respective essential oil devices 9A and 9B. Carbon dioxide is supplied to the essential oil devices 9A and 9B. As the properties of the carbon dioxide, those in a liquid state or a supercritical state can be used. This carbon dioxide is used as an extraction solvent for degreasing and does not use n-hexane, so it is harmless and no kerosene-like odor is attached to the food. The extraction solvent for degreasing is not limited to these, and for example, ethanol obtained in the ethanol production process can also be used.

In the essential oil devices 9A and 9B, rice bran oil and germ oil are obtained, and these are provided as health foods, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and food oils containing γ-oryzanol, which reduces cholesterol in the blood. On the other hand, among the pomace degreased with carbon dioxide, the degreased koji is supplied to the pulverizer 10 and the degreased germ is supplied to the functional component extractor 11. The defatted lees pulverized by the fine pulverizer 10 are provided mainly as a mixed feed, as food powder such as pickles, fertilizer and the like. The defatted germ supplied to the functional component extractor 11 extracts functional components such as γ-aminobutyric acid, phytic acid, inositol, and vitamin B1 by enzymatic treatment, ethanol extraction, etc., and undergoes concentration, drying, and powdering treatment. Provided as a health food.

Step 5 in FIG. 1 is a carbon dioxide recovery / reuse device for recovering carbon dioxide, which is a byproduct of the fermentation tanks 5A, 5B, and 6, and supplying it to the step 4 for reuse. Methods for converting carbon dioxide generated when ethanol is produced into chemicals and petrochemical products are known as technologies for simply reusing carbon dioxide without letting it escape to the atmosphere. It is not known for use in the process.

Step 6 in FIG. 1 is a gasification power generation step in which rice husks, which are by-products of the rice huller 1, are recovered and used as fuel for the gasification generator 12. The gasification generator 12 can cover the electricity of the steps 1 to 5, and the exhaust heat generated by the power generation is used as a heat source used in the distillation apparatus 7 in the ethanol production step. The rice husk can be reused as a recycling resource.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a grain drying preparation facility applied to the ethanol production facility of the present invention. The grain drying preparation facility includes a receiving hopper 13 that receives the harvested high moisture ginger, a roughing machine 14 that removes impurities such as sawdust, a weighing machine 16 that measures the coarsely picked ginger, A main part is composed of a storage tank 19 for temporarily storing the ginger and a dryer 22 for drying the ginger. Reference numeral 26 denotes a gap silo that tempers the soot immediately after the start of drying, and drying is performed while circulating between the dryer 22 and the gap silo 26 until the soot is dried to the set moisture. Is called. Reference numeral 25 denotes a storage silo provided alongside the gap silo 26 and is stored in the storage silo 25 after the soot is dried to the set moisture.

The soot dried to the set moisture is taken out of the storage silo 25 by the carry-out conveyor 27 and the switching valve 28 and is transported to the hull preparation process. In the hulling preparation process, the hulling machine 1 described above and the swinging grain sorter 29 are provided. When rice bran is supplied to the rice huller 1, the rice husk is separated into rice husk and brown rice, and the rice husk as a by-product is supplied to the gasification power generation process. On the other hand, the mixture of brown rice and rice bran that has been scraped off by the rice huller 1 is supplied to a swinging sorter 29, which sorts it into brown rice, rice bran, and a mixture of rice bran and brown rice. Is done. The unpolished rice after the sorting is supplied to the rice mill 2 in the next process, but the rice bran is returned to the rice grinder 1 and re-milled, and the mixture is returned to the swinging sorter 29 and re-sorted. It will be.

The brown rice supplied to the rice mill 2 is separated into white rice and koji / germ, and the by-product koji / germ is supplied to the functional food manufacturing process, and the white rice reaches the next process. The white rice is supplied to the non-washed rice production apparatus 4 through a selection machine 3 composed of a rotary shifter or a color sorter. And the sharpening soup which becomes a by-product of this washing-free rice manufacturing apparatus 4 will be supplied to the said ethanol manufacturing process.

In the grain preparation processing step 1 and the rice polishing step 2 in FIG. 1, when 55 tons of raw rice koji was milled and polished, 40 tons of polished rice, 2.9 tons of rice bran, and 1.3 tons of germ were obtained. The fine grain obtained by the clarifier 3 is 0.2 tons, the amount of rice starch contained in 1 liter of the polishing juice discharged from the washing-free rice production apparatus 4 is about 2%, and 40 tons of polished rice is not used. The amount of rice starch produced from the sharpening juice obtained by washing is 0.8 ton. One ton of rice starch, which is a combination of this fine grain and sharpening juice, is liquefied, saccharified, fermented and distilled.

The ethanol obtained in the ethanol production process 2 was 0.425 kiloliters, and the carbon dioxide recovered in the process 5 was 0.325 tons. In functional food production process 4, 2.9 tons of cocoons and 1.3 tons of germs were subjected to oil extraction / defatting / refining treatment to obtain 0.5 tons of rice bran oil / germ oil, 0.3 tons of functional ingredients, and 3.7 tons of food powder.

The component content per 100 grams of powder of the functional component is as shown in Table 2.

It is a block diagram which shows the process of the manufacturing method of ethanol of this invention. It is the schematic of the grain drying preparation facility applied to the ethanol manufacturing facility of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rice huller 2 Rice mill 3 Refiner 4 Wash-free rice production apparatus 5 Fermentation tank 6 Fermentation tank 7 Distillation apparatus 8 Oil recovery machine 9 Oil refiner 10 Fine grinder 11 Functional component extractor 12 Gasification generator 13 Load receiving hopper 14 Coarse selection machine 15 Graining machine 16 Weighing machine 17 Graining machine 18 Carry-in conveyor 19 Storage tank 20 Discharge conveyor 21 Graining machine 22 Dryer 23 Graining machine 24 Carry-in conveyor 25 Storage silo 26 Gap silo 27 Carry-out conveyor 28 Switching valve 29 Oscillating sorter

Claims (4)

An ethanol production process for inoculating the koji mold collected in the washing-free rice treatment process in the rice mill and liquefying and saccharifying it, adding yeast and fermenting alcohol to produce ethanol,
A functional food production process for extracting functional components using ethanol or carbon dioxide produced in the ethanol production process as a by-product such as rice bran recovered at the rice mill,
A method for producing ethanol, comprising:   The method for producing ethanol according to claim 1, further comprising a gasification power generation step of performing gasification power generation using a hull such as rice bran produced in the rice milling process of the rice mill.   The electricity generated in the gasification power generation process is transmitted to the rice milling process, the washing-free rice treatment process, the ethanol production process, and the functional food production process, respectively, and the waste heat generated in the gasification power generation process is transmitted to the ethanol production process. The method for producing ethanol according to claim 2, wherein the method is used as a heat source used in the process. In the milled rice mill, the unpolished rice that has been received is subjected to coarse selection and selection, then processed into polished rice, and then subjected to washing-free rice processing to finish washing-free rice.
An ethanol production device that inoculates the koji mold produced by the non-washing rice treatment and liquefies and saccharifies it, and after adding yeast and alcoholic fermentation, an ethanol production apparatus for distillation treatment;
A functional food production apparatus that squeezes the hulls such as rice bran separated from the polished rice and non-washed rice, and degreases the squeezed rice bran after squeezing to extract functional components;
An ethanol production facility comprising:

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