JP2009039685A - Centrifuge - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a centrifuge realizing structural simplification by eliminating a cake scraper. <P>SOLUTION: An opening in the peripheral wall section 101 of a basket 1 is opened straightly in the axial direction. A filter 20 integrally constituted of a barrel section 20a formed in a tubular shape fitted to the inner face of the peripheral wall section 101 of the basket, an end plate section 20b provided to close one end of the barrel section 20a in the axial direction and formed to fit to the inner face of the bottom wall section of the basket and an annular end section wall 20c protruded from the other end of the barrel section 20a in the axial direction to the inner side in the radial direction is inserted into the basket 1. After a cake block is formed in the filter 20, the filter 20 together with the cake formed inside of the filter 20 is drawn out of the basket through the opening in the peripheral wall section of the basket. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a centrifugal separator used for performing a process of separating a stock solution into a liquid and a cake.

  The centrifuge includes a basket having a permeation hole in a peripheral wall portion, a filter (filter) disposed along the inner periphery of the basket, and a rotational drive mechanism that rotationally drives the basket, and is rotating. A solid-liquid separation process is performed in which the stock solution supplied into the basket is separated into a liquid component and a cake component (solid matter) by centrifugal force. When the stock solution is supplied into the rotating basket, the liquid is removed by centrifugal force through the filter disposed on the inner periphery of the basket and the permeation hole in the peripheral wall portion of the basket. Thereby, cake accumulates on the inner periphery of the filter arranged along the inner surface of the basket, and a cylindrical cake block is formed inside the filter. The liquid supply and drainage into the basket are repeated, and the liquid supply into the basket is terminated when the thickness of the cake block on the inner periphery of the filter reaches a predetermined value. After the basket is rotated at a high speed for a predetermined time to remove liquid from the cake block, the cake block formed on the inner periphery of the basket is washed with the washing liquid. Thereafter, liquid removal for removing the washing liquid is performed to obtain a cake block washed inside the filter.

  In a general centrifuge, after forming a cylindrical cake block in the basket in this way, a process of peeling the cake block from the inner periphery of the filter is performed to discharge the cake from the basket to the outside, and then suction is performed. The cake in the basket is discharged to the outside using a pipe or a discharge chute.

  As described above, in the conventional centrifuge, since it is necessary to perform a step of peeling the cake block from the filter in order to discharge the cake block formed in the basket to the outside, a scraping blade is provided. A cake scraping device was placed in the basket, and the cake was peeled from the basket by scraping the cake from the cylindrical cake block with a scraping blade.

  Thus, in the conventional centrifuge, since the cake scraping device is arranged in the basket, it is inevitable that the number of mechanical parts arranged in the basket increases and the structure in the basket becomes complicated. It was. When many mechanical parts are arranged in the basket, it takes a lot of time to wash each part of the centrifuge after the processing of one lot is completed, which is not preferable. In particular, in a centrifuge used in the field of foods and medicines where foreign substances are not allowed to enter the cake, since it is required to carefully clean each part, it is preferable to keep the configuration in the basket as simple as possible. .

  Therefore, as shown in Patent Document 1, a centrifuge has been proposed in which a filter disposed in a basket is lifted together with its cake and taken out of the basket. In the conventional centrifuge, as shown in Patent Document 1, an annular end plate protruding radially inward from the end of the peripheral wall portion of the basket is provided at the open end of the basket. Since the inner peripheral part of the end plate is an opening of the basket, the opening of the basket is narrowed by the end plate. Therefore, even if the filter in the state in which the cylindrical cake block is formed inside is lifted as it is, the end plate of the basket cannot be hung up.

Therefore, the centrifugal separator disclosed in Patent Document 1 is provided with a mechanism for reducing the diameter of the opening of the filter by pulling the opening of the filter inward in the radial direction when the filter is lifted. By reducing the diameter of the part, the cake block is broken and an attempt is made to pull out the filter from the basket.
JP-A-4-18949

  In the conventional centrifuge shown in Patent Document 1, when lifting a filter having a cake block formed therein from a basket, the filter opening is pulled inward in the radial direction to reduce the diameter of the filter opening. Although the cake block is broken by reducing the size, the cylindrical cake block that has been sufficiently drained is hard, so by simply pulling the filter opening inward in the radial direction, the basket opening It is not easy to break the cake block to such an extent that the filter can be pulled out without being disturbed by the end plate of the part.

  If the cake drainage is incomplete and the cake block is in a very soft state, the filter can be pulled out of the basket by the method shown in Patent Document 1, but the cake is removed. If the liquid is incomplete, the subsequent drying process takes a very long time, which is not preferable. The use of a centrifuge that interrupts the solid-liquid separation process when the cake is not completely drained does not fully utilize the function of the centrifuge. That's not true.

  The object of the present invention is to simplify the structure by omitting the cake scraping device so that the filter in which the cake block that has been sufficiently drained is formed can be pulled out from the basket as it is. It is an object of the present invention to provide a centrifuge capable of achieving the above.

  The present invention relates to a basket having a cylindrical peripheral wall portion having a large number of transmission holes and a bottom wall portion that closes one end in the axial direction of the peripheral wall portion, a filter disposed along the inner surface of the basket, and a basket A rotary drive mechanism for rotating the cake, and a process of separating the stock solution supplied into the basket into a liquid component and a cake component by centrifugal force while the basket is rotated to form a cake layer inside the filter Intended for centrifuges.

  In the present invention, an opening that opens straight in the axial direction is provided at the other end in the axial direction of the peripheral wall portion of the basket without having a protruding portion that protrudes inward in the radial direction. The filter is provided so as to close a cylindrical portion that fits the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket and an axial end of the cylindrical portion, and fits to the inner surface of the bottom wall portion of the basket. And an annular end wall provided so as to protrude radially inward from the other axial end of the barrel portion, and the end plate portion is attached to the bottom of the basket. It is arranged in the basket in a state where it is attached to the inner surface of the wall portion and the body portion is attached to the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket. The annular end wall of the filter protrudes radially inward from the other axial end of the barrel against the force received from the stock solution supplied inside the filter and the cake layer formed inside the filter. The filter is formed so as to have a strength necessary to maintain the above-described state, and is configured so that the filter can be pulled out together with the cake formed therein from the opening on the other end side of the peripheral wall portion of the basket.

  Even when the filter is made of a flexible material such as cloth, the thickness of the annular end wall is increased by overlapping the cloth, or a material having strength is selected as the material constituting the annular end wall. Since the strength of the annular end wall can be increased, it is not difficult to give the above-mentioned strength to the annular end wall of the filter. When processing the stock solution by rotating the basket, most of the force acting on the filter from the stock solution is a force acting in the outer diameter direction of the basket by centrifugal force, and only a weak force acts in the axial direction of the basket. Therefore, by increasing the thickness of the annular end wall of the filter, for example, by increasing the strength of the annular end wall, the annular end wall of the filter can be moved in the axial direction of the body of the filter during processing of the stock solution. It can hold | maintain in the state protruded to the inner side of radial direction from the other end.

  As mentioned above, by making the shape of the opening of the peripheral wall portion of the basket straight open without having a portion protruding radially inward, and by giving strength to the annular end wall of the filter When the stock solution is processed, the annular end wall of the filter is held in a state of projecting radially inward from the axial end of the trunk, and is conventionally provided in the opening of the basket. The end plate can be omitted so that the projecting part that has prevented the filter with the cake block formed therein from being pulled out does not exist on the inner periphery of the opening of the basket. After the basket is stopped, the filter can be easily pulled out of the basket. Therefore, the cake scraping device required conventionally can be omitted, and the structure of the centrifuge can be simplified.

  In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the inner wall of the peripheral wall portion of the basket has a taper (in the direction toward the opening portion of the basket) in which the diameter increases from one end side to the other end side in the axial direction of the peripheral wall portion. A taper in the direction of increasing diameter) is added.

  As described above, if the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket is tapered so that the diameter increases toward the opening side of the basket, the inner portion of the filter is formed from the filter basket in which the cake is formed. The drawer can be made easy.

  In order to facilitate pulling out of the filter basket having a cake block formed therein, when the filter is lifted while holding the annular end wall of the filter, the diameter of the filter is reduced. It is preferable to give the filter flexibility.

  The materials constituting the body, end plate and annular end wall of the filter may be the same or different. The material constituting the end plate portion of the filter and the material constituting the annular end wall may not have the property of allowing liquid to permeate. The body of the filter can be made of any material having a filtration function, such as cloth, synthetic fiber, and glass nonwoven fabric. The cloth and the microporous metal filter material (a metal thin plate with countless fine perforations formed) It is also possible to use a composite material such as a laminate of a filter material made of

  As described above, the filter preferably has such flexibility that the diameter can be reduced when it is lifted together with the cake block inside, but in the present invention, the filter has a radial direction at the opening of the basket. Therefore, even if the filter is not flexible, the filter can be pulled out from the basket. Therefore, it is not essential that the filter has flexibility in the present invention.

  When the body of the filter is made of a material having a certain degree of self-supporting property, such as a glass nonwoven fabric, the filter body can be placed on the inner periphery of the peripheral wall of the basket simply by inserting the filter into the basket. It can be held in a fitted state, but if the body of the filter is made of a flexible material such as cloth, there is no means for retaining the annular end wall of the filter. Then, the filter may be displaced to the bottom wall portion side of the basket due to its mass and contract, and the trunk portion may be wrinkled.

  Therefore, in a preferred aspect of the present invention, there is provided a releasable filter fixing means for fixing the annular end wall of the filter to the opening of the peripheral wall portion of the basket when the stock solution is processed by rotating the basket. It is done.

  As described above, when the filter fixing means is provided, the annular end wall of the filter can be held in a predetermined position. Therefore, when the material of the body of the filter is soft, the filter is It is possible to prevent wrinkles from being formed on the body portion by contracting to the bottom wall side.

  In a preferred aspect of the present invention, in order to facilitate the attachment of the filter fixing means, the tip is positioned in the outer peripheral portion near the opening end of the peripheral wall portion of the basket, and the front end is positioned in front of the opening end of the peripheral wall portion of the basket. The extended cylindrical body thus fitted is fitted, and the inner peripheral portion of the extended cylindrical body is an enlarged diameter portion having a larger inner diameter than the peripheral wall portion of the basket.

  The filter fixing means includes, for example, a first hook-and-loop fastener affixed to the inner periphery of the enlarged diameter portion so as not to protrude to the inner diameter side from the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket, and an annular end wall of the filter And a plurality of couplers which are attached to the outer surface of the basket at intervals in the circumferential direction of the basket and are coupled to the first hook-and-loop fastener in a detachable state.

  In this case, each coupler has a second hook-and-loop fastener fixed to the outer surface of the annular end wall of the filter and a third hook-and-loop fastener bonded to the first hook-and-loop fastener on one surface. A fourth hook-and-loop fastener coupled to the second hook-and-loop fastener on the other surface, and a position where the third hook-and-loop fastener is coupled to the first hook-and-loop fastener and the fourth hook-and-loop fastener are the second And a double-sided fastener having one end connected to the end of the second hook-and-loop fastener on the outer peripheral side of the annular end wall of the filter so as to be able to rotate between the position where it is coupled to the hook-and-loop fastener. can do.

  The filter fixing means also includes a first surface fastener fixed to the outer surface of the annular end wall of the filter, and a first surface fastener attached to the inner surface of the enlarged diameter portion with a spacing in the circumferential direction of the basket. It can also be constituted by a plurality of couplers coupled in a detachable state.

  In this case, each coupling tool includes a second surface fastener fixed to the inner surface of the enlarged diameter portion, a third surface fastener coupled to the first surface fastener, and a fourth surface fastener coupled to the second surface fastener. A surface fastener is provided on each of the one surface and the other surface, and the position where the third surface fastener is coupled to the first surface fastener and the fourth surface fastener are coupled to the second surface fastener. One end of the second hook-and-loop fastener is connected to the filter-side end of the second hook-and-loop fastener so as to be able to rotate between the positions where it comes into a closed state.

  In this case, the fourth hook-and-loop fastener is coupled to the second hook-and-loop fastener, and the double-sided fastener is overlapped with the second hook-and-loop fastener so that the double-sided fastener is closer to the inner diameter side than the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket. It is preferable to set the thickness of the second hook-and-loop fastener and the double-sided fastener so as not to protrude.

  As described above, the extension cylinder is fitted to the outer peripheral portion of the peripheral wall portion of the basket near the opening end, and the inner peripheral portion of the extension cylinder is an enlarged diameter portion having an inner diameter larger than the peripheral wall portion of the basket. If an element arranged on the basket side among the components of the fixing means is attached to the enlarged diameter portion, it is possible to prevent a portion protruding toward the inner diameter side from being formed in the opening portion of the basket. Therefore, it is possible to provide means for holding the annular end wall of the filter in a predetermined position with respect to the opening of the basket without causing any trouble in pulling out the filter.

  As described above, when the coupler is constituted by a hook-and-loop fastener, when the filter is pulled out from the basket, the filter opening is utilized by using the hook-and-loop fastener attached to the annular end wall of the filter to constitute the coupler. A lid closing the part can be attached to the annular end wall of the filter. As described above, when the lid that closes the opening of the filter is attached to the annular end wall of the filter, in the process of pulling out the filter from the basket and transporting it to the next process after pulling out the filter from the basket, It is possible to prevent foreign matter from entering the door.

  The filter fixing means is not limited to one using a hook-and-loop fastener. For example, an elongated connecting member having a fixed length and having one end fixed to the annular end wall of the filter, and a locking tool for locking the other end of the connecting member to the open end surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket. Filter fixing means can also be configured. As the connecting member, a string, a rope, a tape or the like can be used. When a string or rope is used as the connecting member, a pin or hook fixed to the opening end surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket is used as a locking tool, and a loop formed at the other end of the connecting member is hooked on the pin or hook. Thus, the other end of the connecting member can be locked to the opening end surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket.

  When the filter fixing means is configured as described above, it is not necessary to attach the extension cylinder to the opening end side of the peripheral wall portion of the basket to form the enlarged diameter portion, so that the structure of the basket can be simplified.

  The filter may be made of metal. In this case, the filter is made of a metal plate having an infinite number of fine holes and formed in a cylindrical shape that fits the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket, and a diameter from one end in the axial direction of the barrel portion. A metal end plate portion that is provided so as to protrude inward in the direction and fits to the inner surface of the bottom wall portion of the basket, and protrudes inward in the radial direction from the other axial end of the barrel portion It can be set as the structure provided with the metal cyclic | annular end wall provided in the state.

  Also in this case, the annular end wall of the filter is radially inward from the other end in the axial direction of the trunk portion against the force received from the stock solution supplied inside the filter and the cake formed inside the filter. The filter is formed so as to have a strength required to hold the protruding state, and the filter can be pulled out together with the cake formed therein from the opening on the other end side of the peripheral wall portion of the basket. .

  When the filter is made of metal as described above, the annular end wall can easily have the required strength.

  When the filter is made of metal as described above, the end plate portion may be provided so as to completely close one end side in the axial direction of the trunk portion, and an annular shape extending in the circumferential direction of the trunk portion with a certain width. It may be formed in the shape.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a puller coupling member to which a puller is coupled when the filter is pulled out from the basket is attached to the outer surface of the annular end wall of the filter.

  When the coupling member used for coupling the pulling tool is attached to the annular end wall of the filter in this way, the pulling tool (for example, a lifting rope) can be easily attached to the filter when the filter is pulled out. The operation of pulling out the filter from the basket can be facilitated.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the shape of the opening of the peripheral wall portion of the basket is a straight opening shape without having a portion protruding radially inward, and the annular end wall of the filter By providing strength, the annular end wall of the filter is held in a state protruding inward in the radial direction during processing of the stock solution, so that the protrusion that prevents the filter from being pulled out inside the basket opening. Can be excluded. Therefore, after the cake drainage is completed and the basket is stopped, the filter in which the cake block is formed can be easily pulled out from the basket as it is. Therefore, the cake scraping device required conventionally can be omitted, and the structure of the centrifuge can be simplified.

  In the present invention, when the stock solution is processed by rotating the basket, when provided with a filter fixing means that can be released to fix the annular end wall of the filter to the opening of the peripheral wall of the basket, During processing of the stock solution, the annular end wall of the filter can be held in place, so if the material of the filter body is soft, the filter will move toward the bottom wall of the basket due to its mass. It is possible to prevent wrinkles from being formed on the body due to contraction and displacement.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a centrifuge according to this embodiment. FIG. 2 is a top view of a basket having a filter inserted therein. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view near the opening of the basket, FIG. 4 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view near the opening of the basket showing a state in which the filter is inserted into the basket, and FIG. 5 is a filter with the filter inserted into the basket. Fig. 6 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the annular end wall is fixed to the opening of the basket, and Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state when the filter is pulled out from the basket together with the cake therein.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a basket, 2 denotes a frame that supports the basket 1, 3 denotes a leg portion of a shock absorber that supports the frame 2, 4 denotes a motor that rotationally drives the basket 1, and 5 denotes a casing that covers the basket 1.

  The basket 1 includes a cylindrical peripheral wall portion 101 having a large number of transmission holes 1h (see FIG. 3), and a bottom wall portion 102 that closes one end in the axial direction of the peripheral wall portion. Is formed with a boss 103. An extension cylinder 104 having a tip protruding 5 to 10 cm ahead of the opening end of the peripheral wall portion of the basket in the opening direction of the basket is fitted on the outer peripheral portion of the peripheral wall portion 101 of the basket 1 near the opening end. An inner peripheral portion of the cylindrical body is an enlarged diameter portion 105 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) having an inner diameter larger than that of the peripheral wall portion 101 of the basket 1. In the present invention, since no protruding portion protruding radially inward is provided on the opening side of the peripheral wall portion 101 of the basket 1, the opening portion 1 </ b> A (see FIG. 3) of the basket 1 is arranged in the axial direction. It is an opening that opens straight. In the present embodiment, the basket 1 is arranged with its central axis oriented vertically and the opening 1A facing upward.

  The frame 2 is supported on the base 6 by at least three legs 3, and a cylindrical bearing holding portion 201 is formed at a substantially central portion thereof. A rotating shaft 9 extending in the vertical direction is rotatably supported by bearings 7 and 8 accommodated in the bearing holding portion 201, and a tapered portion provided at the upper end of the rotating shaft 9 is formed on the bottom wall portion of the basket 1. The boss portion 103 is keyed by being fitted into a tapered hole provided in the axial center portion of the boss portion 103. A pulley 10 is attached to the lower end of the rotating shaft 9.

  The motor 4 is supported on a motor support 11 fixed to the lower part of the frame 2 with its rotating shaft 4a protruding downward, and a pulley 12 is attached to the lower end of the rotating shaft 4a. The pulley 12 and the pulley 10 attached to the lower end of the rotating shaft 9 of the basket are coupled via a belt 13, and the rotation of the motor 4 is transferred to the basket via a power transmission mechanism including the pulley 12, the belt 13 and the pulley 10. 1, the basket 1 is rotationally driven. In this example, the motor 4 and the power transmission mechanism including the belt 13 and the pulleys 10 and 12 constitute a rotational drive mechanism that rotationally drives the basket 1.

  The casing 5 is disposed so as to concentrically surround the basket 1 and is supported by the frame 2. The casing 5 is attached to the upper portion of the casing body 5 through a hinge 15 so as to be freely opened and closed. And a lid 502 that opens and closes an opening 501 a provided at the upper end of 501. The lid 502 is operated by a fluid pressure cylinder (not shown) so that the opening of the casing body is closed as shown in FIG. 1, and the opening of the casing body is opened as shown in FIG. Is rotated between the open position.

  The raw solution supply pipe 16 and the cleaning liquid supply pipe 17 are attached through the cover 502 of the casing 5, and when the cover 502 is positioned at the closed position as shown in FIG. 1, the raw solution supply pipe 16 and the cleaning liquid supply pipe 17 is inserted into the basket.

  A filter 20 is inserted into the basket 1. The filter 20 has a cylindrical portion that has an axial dimension equal to the axial dimension of the peripheral wall portion 101 of the basket 1 and is formed in a cylindrical shape that fits the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket 1, and the cylindrical portion 20a. An end plate portion 20b provided so as to close one end in the axial direction of the basket 1 so as to fit the inner surface of the bottom wall portion 102 of the basket 1, and a radially inner side from the other end in the axial direction of the trunk portion 20a. And an annular end wall 20c provided in a protruding state. Prior to processing the stock solution, the filter 20 has the end plate portion 20b attached to the inner surface of the bottom wall portion 102 of the basket 1 and the barrel portion 20a attached to the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion 101 of the basket 1. 1 is arranged.

  The annular end wall 20c of the filter 20 protrudes radially inward from the other end in the axial direction of the trunk portion against the force received from the stock solution supplied to the inside of the filter 20 and the cake formed inside the filter. It is formed so as to have a strength necessary to maintain the state. In the case where the entire filter 20 is formed of cloth, the annular end wall 20c can be provided with the above-described strength by forming a large number of cloths on the annular end wall 20c.

  In the present embodiment, the filter 20 is made of cloth, and the trunk portion 20a does not have a self-supporting property (a property that maintains its original shape even if it is not supported), so the stock solution is processed by rotating the basket 1. At the same time, a filter fixing means 21 is provided which can be released to fix the annular end wall 20c of the filter 20 to the opening 1A of the peripheral wall 101 of the basket 1.

  The illustrated filter fixing means 21 is attached to the inner periphery of the enlarged diameter portion (inner periphery of the extension cylinder 104) 105 so as not to protrude to the inner diameter side from the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion 101 of the basket 1. A plurality of hook-and-loop fasteners 22 (see FIG. 3) are attached to the outer surface of the annular end wall 20c of the filter at intervals in the circumferential direction of the basket and coupled to the first hook-and-loop fastener 22 in a detachable state. It consists of couplers 23, 23,. In the present embodiment, the first hook-and-loop fastener 22 is provided so as to exist on the entire inner peripheral surface of the enlarged diameter portion 105.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, each coupler 23 is coupled to a rectangular second hook-and-loop fastener 24 fixed to the outer surface of the annular end wall 20 c of the filter 20 and the first hook-and-loop fastener 22. The third hook-and-loop fastener 25a is provided on one side, and the fourth hook-and-loop fastener 25b coupled to the second hook-and-loop fastener 24 is provided on the other side. As shown in FIG. Between the position where the surface fastener 25a is coupled to the first surface fastener 22 and the position where the fourth surface fastener 25b is coupled to the second surface fastener 24 as shown in FIG. One end includes a rectangular double-sided fastener 25 connected to the end of the second hook-and-loop fastener 24 by a connecting portion 26 on the outer peripheral side of the annular end wall 20c so that it can rotate.

  The annular end wall of the filter 20 has at least three rings (tensile coupling members) 27 (4 in the illustrated example) used for hooking and coupling a tensioning tool when the filter 20 is pulled out from the basket 1. Are attached at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the annular end wall 20c.

  When performing the process of separating the stock solution into a liquid part and a cake part using the above-mentioned centrifuge, the filter 20 is inserted into the basket 1 with the lid 502 of the casing 5 opened, and the process shown in FIG. As described above, the end plate portion 20 b is brought into contact with the inner surface of the bottom wall portion 102 of the basket 1, and the body portion 20 a is brought into contact with the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion 101 of the basket 1. When the filter 20 is inserted into the basket, the fourth hook-and-loop fastener 25b of the double-sided fastener 25 of the coupler 23 is connected to the second hook-and-loop fastener 24 as shown in FIG. Since there is no portion protruding radially inward in the opening of the basket, the operation of inserting the filter 20 into the basket 1 can be easily performed.

  After inserting the filter 20 into the basket, the double-sided fastener 25 of the coupler 23 is peeled off from the second hook-and-loop fastener 24, and the third hook-and-loop fastener 25a of the double-sided fastener is removed as shown in FIG. The hook and loop fastener 22 is joined. As a result, the annular end wall 20c of the filter 20 is fixed to the opening of the peripheral wall portion of the basket 1, and the body portion 20a of the filter 20 is held in a state where it follows the inner periphery of the peripheral wall portion 101 of the basket 1. To do.

  After the filter is mounted in the basket as described above, the cover 502 of the casing 5 is closed, and the stock solution is supplied from the stock solution supply pipe 16 into the basket while rotating the basket 1 at a high speed. The liquid component in the stock solution supplied into the basket is discharged to the outside of the basket through the fine holes or gaps of the body portion 20a of the filter 20 and the permeation holes 1h of the peripheral wall portion 101 of the basket by centrifugal force. It is separated into a cake and a cake. In the centrifuge according to the present invention, an end plate for pressing the annular end wall 20c of the filter is not provided at the opening of the basket, but most of the force applied to the filter in the course of processing the stock solution is in the radial direction. Since the force acting in the outward direction and the force acting in the radial direction of the basket is weak, if the annular end wall 20c of the filter is reinforced to some extent, the annular end wall is pushed up and the stock solution is moved to the opening side of the basket. There will be no spillage. As the solid-liquid separation process of the stock solution proceeds, the cake accumulates in a cylindrical shape on the inner periphery of the body of the filter 20, and a cylindrical case block C is formed in the filter.

  When the inner peripheral portion of the cake block approaches the inner peripheral portion of the annular end wall 20c of the filter 20, the supply of the stock solution into the basket is stopped, and the cake block is drained while the basket is rotated at a high speed. After the cake block has been drained, the cleaning liquid is supplied into the basket through the cleaning liquid supply pipe 17 while the basket is rotated at a high speed, and the cake is cleaned while the cleaning liquid is being drained.

  After the cake washing is completed and the cake block is sufficiently drained, the basket is stopped, the casing lid 502 is opened, and the double-sided fastener 25 of the coupler 23 is attached to the first surface as shown in FIG. The fasteners 22 are peeled off and joined to the second hook-and-loop fastener 24 to release the fixing of the annular end wall 20c of the filter 20 to the basket.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6, hooks 31 attached to the lower ends of the plurality of sub-lifting ropes 30 are respectively hooked on the plurality of rings 27 attached to the annular end wall 20 c of the filter 20. The upper ends of the auxiliary lifting ropes 30 are collectively connected to one main lifting rope 32. Next, the main lifting rope 32 is pulled up by a crane (not shown), and the filter 20 is pulled up in a state where the plurality of sub lifting ropes 30 are slanted. When the rope 30 is pulled up, the diameter of the cake block C inside the filter is reduced through the annular end wall 20c of the flexible filter and the portion of the trunk portion 20a near the annular end wall 20c. Since the force acts, the shape of the cake block C collapses, and the outer diameter of the body 20a of the filter 20 is reduced. As a result, the body 20 a of the filter is peeled from the inner periphery of the peripheral wall 101 of the basket 1, and the filter 20 is easily pulled out from the basket 1. In FIG. 6, C ′ schematically shows the cake drawn together with the filter 20. When the cake block is hard, the cake does not necessarily collapse completely as shown in the drawing when the filter is pulled out from the basket. However, in the centrifuge according to the present invention, the opening in the peripheral wall portion of the basket is in the radial direction. Therefore, even if the cake block is hard and the cake block does not collapse, the filter can be pulled out from the basket.

  In order to facilitate pulling out of the filter from the basket, a taper (in a direction in which the diameter increases toward the other end side from one end side in the axial direction of the peripheral wall portion to the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket 1 ( It is preferable to attach a taper in such a direction that the diameter increases toward the opening side of the basket. In this way, if the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket is tapered so that the diameter increases toward the opening side of the basket, the filter in which the cake is formed is pulled out from the basket. Can be made easier.

  In order to prevent the filter 20 from interfering with the inner periphery of the opening portion 501 a of the casing 5 when the filter 20 is pulled out, the inner diameter of the opening portion 501 a of the casing 5 is set to be equal to or larger than the inner diameter of the peripheral wall portion 101 of the basket 1. Keep it.

  In the above embodiment, the coupler 23 constituting the filter fixing means for fixing the annular end wall of the filter to the open end of the basket is fixed to the annular end wall 20c of the filter 20. FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, the first surface fastener 22 is fixed to the outer surface of the annular end wall 20 c of the filter, and a plurality of couplers 23 are attached to the inner peripheral surface (enlarged diameter portion) of the extension cylinder 104. You may make it attach with a space | interval in the circumferential direction. In this case, each coupler 23 includes a second hook-and-loop fastener 24 fixed to the inner surface of the enlarged diameter portion 104, a third hook-and-loop fastener 25 a and a second hook-and-loop fastener 24 bonded to the first hook-and-loop fastener 22. The fourth hook-and-loop fastener 25b to be coupled to the first hook-and-loop fastener 25b is provided on one surface and the other surface, respectively, so that the third hook-and-loop fastener 25a is coupled to the first hook-and-loop fastener 22 as shown in FIG. 8 and one end at the second end by the connecting portion 26 so that the fourth hook-and-loop fastener 25b can be rotated between the position at which the fourth hook-and-loop fastener 25b is coupled to the second hook-and-loop fastener 24 as shown in FIG. The double-sided fastener 25 connected to the filter-side end of the surface fastener. The 1st hook_and_loop | surface fastener 22 attached to the cyclic | annular end wall 20c of the filter 20 is provided so that the perimeter of the cyclic | annular end wall 20c may be covered.

  Thus, when attaching the coupler 23 to the inner periphery of the extension cylinder 104, the fourth hook-and-loop fastener 25b of the double-sided fastener 25 is bonded to the second hook-and-loop fastener 24 as shown in FIG. In a state in which the fastener 25 is overlapped with the second surface fastener 24 (a state in which the coupler 23 is folded), the double-sided fastener 25 does not protrude from the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion 101 of the basket to the inner diameter side. The thicknesses of the two surface fasteners 24 and the double-sided fasteners 25 are preferably set in advance.

  When the filter fixing means for fixing the annular end wall 20c of the filter to the opening of the basket is configured using a hook-and-loop fastener as in the above embodiments, the filter is attached to the annular end wall of the filter. When the filter 20 is pulled out from the basket 1, a lid that closes the opening of the filter can be attached using a hook-and-loop fastener. FIG. 9 shows an example of a state in which the lid 40 is attached to the outer surface of the annular end wall 20c of the filter 20, and in this example, the coupler 23 is similar to the embodiment shown in FIGS. It is attached to the inner periphery of the extension cylinder 104. A first hook-and-loop fastener 22 is provided on the outer surface of the annular end wall 20c of the filter 20 so as to extend over the entire circumference of the annular end wall 20c, and is a surface fixed to the back surface of the lid 40. A fastener (not shown) is coupled to the first hook-and-loop fastener 22. The lid 40 is made of a flexible sheet material such as cloth or vinyl sheet, and is configured in a disc shape so that the opening on the inner peripheral side of the annular end wall 20c of the filter 20 can be closed, A cutout 40 a for avoiding the ring 27 attached to the annular end wall of the filter 20 is formed on the outer peripheral portion. After the washing of the cake is completed, the basket is stopped, and the double-sided fastener 25 of the coupler 23 is peeled off from the first hook-and-loop fastener and folded as shown in FIG. The attached surface fastener (not shown) is joined to the first surface fastener 22, and the lid 40 is attached to the annular end wall of the filter 20.

  As shown in FIG. 9, when the process of pulling out the filter 20 from the basket 1 is performed with the lid for closing the opening of the filter 20 being attached, the cake in the filter is transported in the process of transporting the filter to the next process. It is possible to prevent foreign matters from being mixed into the glass.

  In each of the above embodiments, the filter fixing means is configured using a hook-and-loop fastener, but the filter fixing means is not limited to the one using a hook-and-loop fastener. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, an elongate connecting member 50 having a fixed length and having one end 50a fixed to the annular end wall of the filter, and the other end 50b of the connecting member 50 is connected to the peripheral wall portion 101 of the basket. The filter fixing means 21 can also be constituted by a locking tool 51 that locks to the opening end surface of the filter. In this case, at least three connecting members 50 and locking members 51 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the basket.

  As the connecting member 50, a string, a rope, a tape, or the like can be used. In the example shown in FIG. 10, the connecting member 50 is made of a string, and one end 50 a is sewn to the annular end wall 20 c of the filter 20. The illustrated locking tool 51 includes a pin fixed to the opening end surface of the peripheral wall portion 101 of the basket 1 by welding, screw connection, or the like, and a loop 50b formed on the other end of the string constituting the connecting member 50 is engaged. It is hooked on a pin constituting the stopper 51.

  As described above, when the locking tool 51 is fixed to the opening end surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket 1, the locking tool 51 does not protrude radially inward from the inner periphery of the peripheral wall portion of the basket. Keep it.

  The locking tool 51 is not limited to the pin fixed to the opening end surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket. For example, the hook attached to the other end of the connecting member is used as a locking tool, and the other end of the connecting member 50 is engaged with the opening end surface of the peripheral wall 101 of the basket by hooking the hook to the opening end of the peripheral wall of the basket. You may make it stop.

  In the above description, the entire filter 20 is made of cloth. However, the materials constituting the body 20a, the end plate 20b, and the annular end wall 20c of the filter 20 may be the same or different. . The material constituting the end plate portion of the filter and the material constituting the annular end wall may not have the property of allowing liquid to permeate. The body portion of the filter can be made of any material having a filtration function, such as cloth, synthetic fiber, and glass nonwoven fabric. In the case where the body portion of the filter is made of a self-supporting material, means for fixing the annular end wall 20c of the filter to the open end of the peripheral wall portion of the basket can be omitted.

  If each part of the filter is made flexible as in the above embodiment, the diameter of the filter can be reduced when the filter is pulled out. Can be made easier. However, in the present invention, since there is no portion protruding radially inward in the opening of the peripheral wall portion of the basket, the filter can be pulled out from the basket even if each portion of the filter is not flexible. is there. Therefore, in the present invention, each part of the filter may be made of a material having no flexibility.

  As shown in FIG. 11, a microporous metal filter having a circular cross section on the inner periphery of a cloth body 20a in order to make the body of the filter self-supporting and reduce its diameter. It is possible to make a structure in which a plurality of plates F are pasted at intervals. In FIG. 11, the illustration of the annular end wall of the filter is omitted.

  If the metal filter is attached to the inner periphery of the body of the filter in this way, the body 20a can be made self-supporting, so the annular end wall 20c of the filter is placed at the opening end of the peripheral wall of the basket. On the other hand, the means for fixing can be omitted. If a plurality of metal filters are spaced apart from each other, when the filter 20 is lifted and pulled out from the basket, the diameter of the body of the filter can be reduced to break the shape of the cake block. Withdrawing from the basket can be facilitated.

  FIG. 12 shows a configuration example of a filter used in another embodiment of the present invention. The configuration of parts other than the filter of the centrifuge according to the present embodiment may be the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. Also in the present embodiment, the other end in the axial direction of the peripheral wall portion 101 of the basket 1 is provided with an opening that opens straight in the axial direction without having a protruding portion protruding inward in the radial direction. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, an extension cylinder 104 is provided on the outer periphery of the end of the peripheral wall portion of the basket in order to support the filter 20 made of cloth or the like and having no self-supporting property. However, in the present embodiment, since the filter 20 is formed of metal, the extension cylinder 104 may not be provided.

  In this embodiment, the filter 20 is made of a metal plate having an infinite number of fine holes and is formed in a cylindrical shape that fits the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket, and the axis of the barrel portion 20a. A metal end plate portion 20b that is provided so as to protrude radially inward from one end in the direction and fit to the inner surface of the bottom wall portion of the basket, and from the other end in the axial direction of the trunk portion 20a. And a metal annular end wall 20c provided in a state protruding inward in the radial direction. This filter is disposed in the basket with the end plate portion 20b attached to the inner surface of the bottom wall portion of the basket and the body portion 20a attached to the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket.

  In the present embodiment, one end in the axial direction of a cylindrical annular member 20d is welded to the outer peripheral portion of the annular end wall 20c, and the annular member 20d is fitted to the inner periphery of the trunk portion 20a. The annular member 20 is fastened to the trunk portion 20a by a screw, and the annular end wall 20c can be removed from the trunk portion 20a by removing the screw fastening the annular member 20d to the trunk portion 20a. . That is, the annular end wall 20c is attached to the trunk portion 20a in a detachable state.

  Also in this embodiment, the annular end wall of the filter resists the force received from the stock solution supplied to the inside of the filter and the cake formed on the inside of the filter, from the other end in the axial direction of the trunk portion in the radial direction. Although it is formed so as to have a strength necessary to hold the state protruding inward, in the present embodiment, since the annular end wall is formed of metal, the annular end wall is given strength. It is easy.

  In the present invention, since the opening portion of the basket is a straight opening portion that does not have a protruding portion that protrudes inward in the radial direction, even when the filter is formed of metal as described above, The filter can be easily pulled out of the basket.

  In the present embodiment, the outer diameter R1 on one end side in the axial direction of the body portion 20a of the filter is set to be slightly smaller than the outer diameter R2 on the other end side in the axial direction of the body portion. The taper is slightly tapered so that the outer diameter gradually increases from one end side to the other end side in the axial direction.

  Further, in this example, a pull portion coupler 27 to which a pull member is coupled when the filter 20 is pulled out from the basket is attached to the outer surface of the annular end wall 20 c of the filter 20.

  As described above, when the taper portion of the metal filter is tapered, the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket (not shown) is also tapered with the same taper angle as that of the filter barrel portion. The outer peripheral surface of the body of the filter is brought into close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the basket.

  If the body 20a of the filter 20 and the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the basket are tapered as described above, after a cake is formed in the filter 20, the pulling tool is hooked on the pulling part coupler 27 and the By pulling up the filter, the filter can be easily pulled out of the basket.

  In the example shown in FIG. 12, the end plate portion 20b of the filter is provided so as to completely close one end side in the axial direction of the body portion 20a of the filter, but the end plate portion 20b is shown in FIG. Thus, it may be formed in an annular shape extending in the circumferential direction of the body portion 20a with a certain width. In this case, it is preferable to form a shallow groove for fitting the annular end plate portion 20b on the inner surface of the bottom wall portion 102 of the basket.

  FIG. 14 shows another example of a filter that can be used in the present invention. In this example, the filter 20 is made of cloth, and a sleeve-like portion 20b1 is formed at the center of the end plate portion 20b. ing. When this filter is used, as shown in FIG. 15, the sleeve-like portion 20b1 is closed by inverting the sleeve-like portion 20b1 and being pulled out to the outside so as to close the sleeve-like portion 20b1. The filter 20 is placed in the basket 1 as shown in FIG. Then, after the cake C is formed inside the filter 20, the filter 20 is lifted and pulled out from the basket 1 as shown in FIG. Next, as shown in FIG. 18, the filter 20 is moved above the cake container 61, the string 60 that has tied the sleeve-like portion 20b1 is removed, and the sleeve-like portion 20b1 is opened, whereby the cake C is placed in the container 61. Discharge.

  When the above filter is used, the cake formed in the filter can be easily discharged.

  In the above description, the present invention is applied to the centrifuge in which the basket is arranged with its central axis oriented in the vertical direction. However, when the basket is arranged with the central axis oriented in the horizontal direction, The present invention can also be applied to the case of being arranged in a state inclined with respect to.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the centrifuge concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the basket of the centrifuge. It is an expanded sectional view of the Z section of Drawing 1 in the state where a filter is not inserted in a basket. It is an expanded sectional view of the Z section of Drawing 1 in the state where a filter was inserted in a basket. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the hook-and-loop fastener of the coupler attached to the annular end wall of the filter inserted into the basket is coupled to the hook-and-loop fastener provided on the opening end side of the peripheral wall of the basket. It is an expanded sectional view. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the state which pulled out the filter from the basket in one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the basket of the centrifuge concerning other embodiments of the present invention. It is an expanded sectional view of the principal part of the centrifuge concerning embodiment of FIG. FIG. 9 is a top view showing a state in which the opening of the filter is closed with a lid in the centrifuge according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. It is an expanded sectional view of the important section of further another embodiment of the present invention. It is the cross-sectional view which showed the modification of the filter used by this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the filter used in further another embodiment of this invention. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the modification of the filter used by this embodiment. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional end view which showed typically the other example of the filter which can be used by this invention. It is the longitudinal cross-section end view which showed typically the state which tied and closed the sleeve-like part provided in the bottom part of the filter shown in FIG. It is the longitudinal cross-section end view which showed typically the state which has arrange | positioned the filter shown in FIG. 14 in a basket. It is the longitudinal cross-section end view which showed typically the state which lifted the filter after the cake was formed and withdraw | derived from the basket. It is the longitudinal cross-section end view which showed typically the state at the time of discharging the cake from the inside of the same filter.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Basket 101 Peripheral wall part 102 Bottom wall part 103 Boss part 104 Extension cylinder 105 Expanded diameter part 1h Transmission hole 4 Motor 9 Rotating shaft 20 Filter 20a Filter body 20b Filter bottom part 20c Filter annular end wall 21 Filter fixing means 22 First hook-and-loop fastener 23 Joiner 24 Second hook-and-loop fastener 25 Double-sided fastener 25a Third hook-and-loop fastener 25b Fourth hook-and-loop fastener 50 Connecting member 51 Locking tool

Claims (8)

A basket having a cylindrical peripheral wall having a large number of transmission holes and a bottom wall that closes one end of the peripheral wall in the axial direction, a filter disposed along the inner surface of the basket, and rotating the basket A rotary drive mechanism for driving, and performing a process of separating the stock solution supplied into the basket into a liquid component and a cake component by centrifugal force while the basket is rotated to form a cake inside the filter In the centrifuge
The other end in the axial direction of the peripheral wall portion of the basket is provided with an opening that opens straight in the axial direction without having a protruding portion protruding inward in the radial direction,
The filter is provided with a body portion formed in a cylindrical shape that fits the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket, and an inner surface of the bottom wall portion of the basket provided to close one end in the axial direction of the body portion. An end plate portion formed so as to be fitted to an annular end wall provided in a state of projecting inward in the radial direction from the other axial end of the trunk portion, and the end plate portion Is arranged in the basket with the inner surface of the bottom wall portion of the basket and the body portion being attached to the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket,
The annular end wall of the filter is directed radially inward from the other axial end of the barrel portion against the force received from the stock solution supplied inside the filter and the cake formed inside the filter. Formed to have the strength necessary to hold the protruding state,
The filter is configured so that it can be pulled out from the opening on the other end side of the peripheral wall portion of the basket together with the cake formed therein,
Centrifuge characterized by.   The centrifuge according to claim 1, wherein the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket is tapered such that the diameter increases from the one end side to the other end side in the axial direction of the peripheral wall portion. .   2. A filter fixing means capable of releasing the annular end wall of the filter with respect to the opening of the peripheral wall of the basket when the stock solution is processed by rotating the basket is provided. Or the centrifuge according to 2; An extension cylinder whose front end is positioned in front of the opening end of the peripheral wall of the basket in the opening direction of the basket is fitted to the outer peripheral part of the basket near the opening end of the basket. The inner peripheral portion is an enlarged diameter portion having a larger inner diameter than the peripheral wall portion of the basket,
The filter fixing means includes a first hook-and-loop fastener affixed to an inner periphery of the enlarged diameter portion so as not to protrude to an inner diameter side from an inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket, and an annular end wall of the filter A plurality of couplers attached to the outer surface of the basket at intervals in the circumferential direction of the basket and coupled in a detachable manner to the first hook-and-loop fastener,
Each coupler has a second hook-and-loop fastener fixed to the outer surface of the annular end wall of the filter and a third hook-and-loop fastener bonded to the first hook-and-loop fastener on one surface, A fourth hook-and-loop fastener coupled to the second hook-and-loop fastener on the other surface, and a position where the third hook-and-loop fastener is coupled to the first hook-and-loop fastener and the fourth hook-and-loop fastener A double-sided fastener having one end connected to the end of the second hook-and-loop fastener on the outer peripheral side of the annular end wall so as to be able to rotate between a position where it is coupled to the second hook-and-loop fastener The centrifuge according to claim 3, comprising: An extension cylinder whose front end is positioned in front of the opening end of the peripheral wall of the basket in the opening direction of the basket is fitted to the outer peripheral part of the basket near the opening end of the basket. The inner peripheral portion is an enlarged diameter portion having a larger inner diameter than the peripheral wall portion of the basket,
The filter fixing means is attached to the inner surface of the enlarged diameter portion with a first hook-and-loop fastener fixed to the outer surface of the annular end wall of the filter and spaced in the circumferential direction of the basket. It consists of a plurality of couplers that are coupled to the surface fastener in a detachable state,
Each coupling tool includes a second surface fastener fixed to the inner surface of the enlarged diameter portion, a third surface fastener coupled to the first surface fastener, and a fourth surface fastener coupled to the second surface fastener. And the fourth hook-and-loop fastener in the state where the third hook-and-loop fastener is coupled to the first hook-and-loop fastener and the fourth hook-and-loop fastener in the second surface. 4. The double-sided fastener according to claim 3, wherein one end of the second hook-and-loop fastener is connected to an end of the second hook-and-loop filter so as to be able to rotate between a position where the fastener is joined. 5. centrifuge.   In a state where the fourth hook-and-loop fastener of the double-sided fastener is coupled to the second hook-and-loop fastener and the double-sided fastener is overlapped with the second hook-and-loop fastener, the double-sided fastener is attached to the inner periphery of the peripheral wall portion of the basket. The centrifuge according to claim 5, wherein thicknesses of the second hook-and-loop fastener and the double-sided fastener are set so as not to protrude from the surface toward the inner diameter side.   The filter fixing means has an elongated connecting member having a fixed length and one end fixed to the annular end wall of the filter, and the other end of the connecting member is locked to the opening end surface of the peripheral wall portion of the basket. The centrifuge according to claim 3, wherein the centrifuge comprises a locking tool.   The pulling tool coupling member to which a pulling tool used when pulling out the filter from the basket to the outside is attached is attached to the outer surface of the annular end wall of the filter. centrifuge.

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