JP2009028844A - Soft jaw of chuck body - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a soft jaw of a chuck body capable of surely clamping a workpiece by enlarging a clamp area, and capable of preventing damages even when the workpiece is large or is formed in irregular shapes. <P>SOLUTION: A disk shaped soft jaw body is divided into a division body 12A having an angle of 60 degrees or a division body 12B having an angle of 120 degrees, and is formed in a sector shape. The division body 12A (12B) is attached to a soft jaw forming tool 20, and is mounted on a machine tool. When the workpiece is columnar or cylindrical shape, an arc-shaped recession surface part is formed at a center of the division body 12A, and the soft jaw 10A is formed. When an outer peripheral surface of the workpiece is an irregular shape, the division body 12B having the angle of 120 degrees is used, and a clamp surface of the workpiece in accordance with the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece is formed at the center of the division body 12B. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a raw nail of a chuck body mounted on a machine tool such as a lathe.

  Generally, a chuck that clamps a workpiece is attached to a chuck body mounted on a spindle head of a general-purpose lathe or NC lathe. As the chuck, a square nail formed with a long square is often used. The square claws are arranged so as to be able to enter and exit the workpiece at positions equally divided into three along the circumferential direction in order to clamp three points of the workpiece. This square nail is classified into a hard nail and a raw nail. The hard nail is hard to be formed by quenching the nail and has wear resistance, and the raw nail is formed of a material softer than the workpiece so that it can be processed according to the workpiece. This square nail clamps the workpiece with a three-point support, so if the workpiece is clamped with a soft material such as aluminum or resin, the workpiece will be damaged, It was a factor that lowered the value.

A conventional raw nail for solving this problem is known from Patent Document 1. According to this, the raw nail is formed as a regular hexagonal block body. The raw nail is arranged at a position divided into three equal parts so as to face the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece. One raw nail is formed with six corners. Then, before machining the workpiece, a part of the corner portion is cut in advance in accordance with the diameter of the workpiece, thereby forming an arcuate concave portion that matches the outer shape of the workpiece. Then, by clamping the workpiece with the arcuate concave surface portion of the raw nail, it is difficult to damage the workpiece, and the workpiece can be firmly clamped.
JP 2002-137105 A

  However, some workpieces have various shapes. For example, a lathe chuck body is usually suitable for clamping a circular object with a three-point support, so it cannot be clamped with a three-point support. With the material, even a raw nail that can be processed has a small clamping surface and cannot secure a sufficient clamping force. For example, in the case of a square nail, as shown in FIG. 13 (a), in a workpiece W1 whose outer shape is formed of a material having a square cross section, when drilling or axial machining is performed inside, the three square claws 35 are Even if it is attempted to clamp the workpiece at the same distance from the center position, depending on the size of the workpiece, an unstable position is clamped or a holding member is required. Therefore, since it cannot process with a hard nail, it had to process a raw nail using a raw nail.

  When the raw nail is a square nail, the width of the square nail is constant, so that the specific gravity of the clamping surface for clamping the workpiece decreases as the workpiece outer shape increases, and sufficient clamping cannot be performed. When the workpiece becomes large, the weight of the workpiece also increases, so that the clamping force with the raw nail has to be increased, which makes the workpiece easily distorted and causes scratches.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 13B, when clamping the workpiece W2 having a complicated outer shape, it cannot be supported in the case of a hard nail, and a raw nail is used, and the raw nail is attached to the workpiece. Processing is performed according to the outer peripheral surface. In this case, since the raw nail 36 is a square nail, only a part of the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W2 can be clamped. When machining the workpiece W2, the workpiece W2 could not be clamped sufficiently.

  Moreover, the raw nail described in Patent Document 1 uses three regular hexagonal block bodies. And since it arrange | positions in the position which divided the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece into three equal parts, and processes a circular-arc-shaped concave-surface part according to the shape of a workpiece, either of the six corners, it is substantially the whole peripheral surface of a workpiece. There is a limit to the clamping area. Therefore, as in the case of the square nail, the clamp surface becomes smaller as the workpiece becomes larger, so the clamping force has to be increased on the small clamp surface, which makes the workpiece easier to distort and causes scratches. It was.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-described problems, and by chucking the outer peripheral surface of a workpiece widely in any shape, it has a reliable clamping force and does not cause damage to the workpiece. The purpose is to provide raw nail.

Therefore, the raw nail of the chuck body according to the present invention is configured as follows. That is,
According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is a raw nail of a chuck body that is mounted on a machine tool and clamps a workpiece, and has a raw nail body that can clamp substantially the entire peripheral surface of the workpiece, and the raw nail The body of the raw nail body is formed by dividing in the circumferential direction, the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece is formed so as to be machined according to the shape of the workpiece, and is machined according to the shape of the workpiece. The workpiece clamping surface is formed such that at least approximately half or more of the entire circumferential surface of the workpiece can be clamped on the workpiece.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the raw claw body is attached to a raw claw forming jig attached to the machine tool at a position divided into three equal parts, and is processed according to the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece. It is characterized by.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the raw claw body is formed in a disc shape, and the raw claw body divided into three parts is formed in a fan shape having an angle of about 120 degrees.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the raw claw body is formed in a disc shape, and the raw claw body divided into three parts is formed in a fan shape having an angle of about 60 degrees.

  According to the present invention, the raw nail has a raw nail body that can cover substantially the entire peripheral surface of the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece. By subjecting this raw nail body to hole machining in a shape that matches the workpiece, it is possible to form substantially the entire circumferential surface of the outer circumferential surface of the workpiece as a clamping surface. The processed raw nail is formed, for example, by being divided into a sector shape formed at an angle of 60 degrees or a sector shape formed at an angle of 120 degrees.

  In the case of a machine tool, particularly a lathe, three pieces are mounted on the chuck body or the headstock and are clamped by square claws. For example, in the case of raw claws formed into a fan shape at an angle of 60 degrees Approximately half of the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece can be clamped, and a raw claw formed in a fan shape at an angle of 120 degrees can clamp substantially the entire periphery of the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece. This clamping surface can be formed with the same specific gravity even when the workpiece becomes large.

  Thus, in the raw nail of the present invention, even if the workpiece becomes large, the surface for clamping the workpiece can form a wide area in proportion to the size of the workpiece, so that the workpiece is deformed. Even if it is done, at least about half or more of the outer peripheral surface can be clamped. Therefore, the workpiece can be reliably clamped, and the clamping force more than necessary is not forced, and the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece is not damaged.

  Further, when forming a raw nail divided at an angle of 60 degrees, the raw nail is divided into six from the disk-shaped raw nail body, and there are three raw claws attached to the lathe chuck body. Two sets of raw nails can be formed. If it processes according to the outer peripheral surface of a workpiece in the divided state, a raw nail according to two kinds of workpieces can be formed. Therefore, raw nails can be provided at a low price.

  Furthermore, when processing the divided body divided from the raw nail body, if the divided body is mounted in advance on the raw nail forming jig, an external setup is performed, and the divided body is processed into a raw nail. Installation work can be performed in a short time.

  Next, an embodiment of the raw nail of the chuck body of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a state in which a raw claw (hereinafter simply referred to as a raw claw) 10 of a chuck main body 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached to a chuck main body 4 disposed on a head stock 3 of a lathe 1 via a raw claw forming jig 20. Is. On the bed 5 of the lathe 1, there is disposed a tool rest 7 on which a tool is mounted and reciprocated. On the opposite side of the bed 5 from the headstock 3, a core pusher 9 is disposed so as to be reciprocally movable.

  When the workpiece is clamped, the raw claw 10 is mainly mounted on the chuck main body 4 of a lathe and is used in a three-part state. In the case of the following embodiment, the case where the raw nail | claw 10 used for 3 division | segmentation is formed in the fan shape which has an angle of 60 degree | times, and the case where it forms in the fan shape which has an angle of 120 degree | times are demonstrated.

  FIG. 2 shows a front view of the raw nail body 11 of the raw nail 10, and FIG. 2 (a) shows a state in which the disk-shaped raw nail body 11 is formed into a divided body 12A having an angle of 60 degrees. FIG. 2 (b) shows a state of forming the divided body 12B having an angle of 120 degrees.

  As shown in FIGS. 3-4, the division body 12 (12A) divided | segmented at 60 degree | times is formed in the fan shape. In the divided body 12A, a groove 13A is formed along the center in the width direction on the back surface (front surface in FIG. 3) attached to the raw nail forming jig 20 side. Further, rectangular plate-like boss portions 14A and 14A are formed so as to protrude from the back surface of the divided body 12A so as to face each other with the groove 13A interposed therebetween. A serration 15A is formed on the boss portion 14A so as to be engageable with the raw nail forming jig 20. Furthermore, screw insertion holes 16A and counterbore holes 17A are formed at two locations in the groove 13A so that bolts can be inserted. The grooves 13A, the bosses 14A, and the like formed in the divided body 12A may be formed before being divided from the raw nail body 11 when formed in the raw nail 10 with a machine tool such as a machining center or a general-purpose milling machine or drilling machine. It may be formed after dividing from the raw nail body 11.

  As shown in FIGS. 5-6, the division body 12 (12B) divided | segmented at 120 degree | times is formed in the fan shape. A groove 13B is formed in the divided body 12B along the central portion in the width direction on the back surface (front surface in FIG. 3) attached to the raw nail forming jig 20 side. Further, rectangular plate-like boss portions 14B and 14B are formed so as to protrude from the back surface of the divided body 12A so as to face each other with the groove 13B interposed therebetween. A serration 15B is formed on the boss portion 14B so as to be engageable with the raw nail forming jig 20. Furthermore, screw insertion holes 16B and counterbore holes 17B are formed at two locations in the groove 13B so that bolts can be inserted. The grooves 13B, the bosses 14B, and the like formed in the divided body 12B may be formed before being divided from the raw nail main body 11 when formed on the raw nail 10 by a machine tool such as a machining center or a general-purpose milling machine or drilling machine. It may be formed after dividing from the raw nail body 11.

  The raw nail 10 is formed by additional machining from the raw nail body 11 into a shape that matches the workpiece. For example, as shown in FIG. 7A, a cylindrical or cylindrical workpiece, FIG. It is formed in accordance with the outer shape of a rectangular columnar workpiece as shown in b) or an irregularly shaped workpiece as shown in FIG. The raw nail body 11 is formed of an iron material (for example, S45C) that can be additionally processed, and each divided body 12A (or 12B) after being divided is formed in a fan shape.

  In the raw nail 10A fitted to a columnar or cylindrical workpiece as shown in FIG. 7A, three nail parts 12A divided from the raw nail body 11 at an angle of 60 degrees are used to form a raw nail. Attached to the jig 20, a perfectly circular hole is machined in the center according to the outer shape of the workpiece. In the processed raw nail 10A, the center portion side of the divided body 12A is formed in an arcuate concave surface portion. In this processing, the raw nail body 11 may be processed while being mounted on the lathe 1 for processing a workpiece, or after being processed by another machine tool (a general-purpose lathe or the like), the raw nail body 11 is mounted on the raw nail forming jig 20. You may make it attach to the lathe 1 in a state.

  In the raw nail 10B aligned with the outer peripheral surface of the rectangular workpiece as shown in FIG. 7B, the raw nail molding is performed using three divided bodies 12B divided from the raw nail main body 11 at an angle of 120 degrees. Mount on the jig 20. The processed raw nail 10B is formed such that two of the divided bodies 12B include a corner portion of a rectangular hole, and one includes a planar portion connecting both corner portions and both corner portions. Is formed. In this processing, a rectangular hole is processed in the central portion of the raw claw body 11 with a machining center or a composite lathe. If the lathe 1 for processing the workpiece is a composite lathe, the lathe 1 may be mounted on the composite lathe as it is and mounted on the raw claw forming jig 20 for processing.

  In the raw nail 10C aligned with the outer peripheral surface of the irregularly shaped workpiece formed in a substantially L shape as shown in FIG. 7C, the angle of the raw nail body 11 is 120 degrees, similar to the above-described raw nail 10B. Three divided bodies 12B are used and attached to the raw nail forming jig 20. The processed three raw claws 10C are formed in different shapes with the processed surfaces each having an uneven surface. In this processing, a substantially L-shaped hole is processed in the central portion of the raw claw body 11 with a machining center or a composite lathe. If the lathe 1 for processing a workpiece is a composite lathe, the raw claw 10C may be mounted and processed on the lathe 1 while being mounted on the raw claw forming jig 20.

  The raw nail forming jig 20 is used by being mounted on a machine tool to perform the forming process of the raw nail 10, and forms a disc-shaped jig main body 21 as shown in FIGS. ing. One surface (hereinafter referred to as a first surface) 21a of the jig main body 21 is formed on a flat surface and is attached to a chuck main body 4 of a machine tool, for example, a lathe 1. On the other surface (hereinafter referred to as the second surface) 21b, three T grooves 22 are formed at equal intervals in the radiation direction, and a pair of boss portions 23 are formed at positions facing each other with the T grooves 22 therebetween. It is formed protruding in the direction.

  The T-groove 22 is formed to have a narrow groove 22a formed on the second surface 21b side and a wide groove 22b formed on the back side from the narrow groove 22a so that the nut member or the T-shaped nut can slide. Inserted. On the boss portion 23, serrations 24 having the same pitch as the serrations 15 formed on the raw claws 10 are formed. The serrations 24 formed on the plurality of boss portions 23 are formed such that the teeth of the first surface formed on the center side are the same distance from the center position.

  Furthermore, the outer peripheral surface 21c of the jig main body 21 is formed as a clamp surface that can be clamped to a machine tool (for example, the chuck main body 4 of the lathe 1). Also, the jig body 21 has a counterbore hole 25 for inserting a bolt into the machine tool (for example, the headstock 3 of the lathe 1) from the second surface 21b side to the first surface 21a side. Bolt insertion holes 26 are formed at three locations. Therefore, the raw claw forming jig 20 is mounted on a machine tool (for example, the chuck body 4 of the lathe 1) with the outer peripheral surface 21c of the jig body 21 clamped or mounted on the machine tool (for example, the spindle of the lathe 1). The base 3) is fastened with a bolt inserted from the bolt insertion hole 26 of the jig main body 21 and is attached to a machine tool (for example, a lathe 1) by any one of them.

  In addition, a through hole 27 is formed in the central portion of the jig main body portion 21 to form an escape portion for moving the cutting tool when the raw nail 10 supported by the raw nail forming jig 20 is formed. It becomes.

  Next, the effect | action which shape | molds the raw nail | claw 10 formed as mentioned above and the process which processes a workpiece with the raw | natural nail | claw 10 are demonstrated.

  First, as shown in FIGS. 10 to 11, the divided raw nail 10 (the divided body 12 divided from the raw nail body 11 at this point) is mounted on the raw nail forming jig 20. A T-shaped nut member 29 is inserted into the formed T-groove 22 to prepare for mounting the divided body 12.

  When a machine tool (for example, a lathe) that processes a workpiece with the raw claw 10 or a machine tool that processes the raw claw 10 is in use, the work of mounting the divided body 12 on the raw claw forming jig 20 is performed by external setup. . By performing the external setup, the work of attaching the raw nail forming tool 20 to which the divided body 12 is mounted to the machine tool can be performed in a short time.

  When the workpiece is, for example, a columnar or cylindrical material and the outer peripheral surface is concentric stepped or concentric stepped drilling, the divided body 12A shown in FIG. 3 is shown in FIG. As described above, the raw nail forming jig 20 is mounted at the position divided into three equal parts. Positioning when the divided body 12 </ b> A is mounted on the raw nail forming jig 20 is performed based on the positioning reference position of the raw nail forming jig 20.

  In the case of the embodiment, by aligning the outer peripheral surface of each divided body 12A and the outer peripheral surface 22c of the raw nail forming jig 20 with the same surface, the serration 15 on the divided body 12A side and the serration on the raw nail forming jig 20 side. 24 is engaged with the position where it engages. Accordingly, the three divided bodies 12 </ b> A are arranged concentrically with respect to the center position of the raw nail forming jig 20. When the divided body 12A is positioned, the divided body 12A is fastened to the raw nail forming jig 20 by inserting bolts 28 from the screw insertion holes 16 of the divided body 12A and tightening them to the nut members 29.

  Next, the raw nail forming jig 20 with the divided body 12 </ b> A attached thereto is attached to the chuck body 4 of the lathe 1. The lathe 1 may be a target machine for processing a workpiece with the raw claws 10 or may be another machine. The first surface 22a of the raw nail forming jig 20 is opposed to the chuck body 4 side, and the three chucks (square claws) 30 of the lathe 1 are moved toward the outer peripheral surface 22c of the raw nail forming jig 20 to form the raw nail. The forming jig 20 is clamped.

  In addition, when attaching the raw nail forming jig 20 to the lathe 1, a plurality of bolts may be used to tighten the female screw formed on the end surface of the headstock 3. In this case, after the raw nail forming jig 20 to which the raw nail 10 is not mounted is fastened to the headstock 3 of the lathe 1, the raw nail 10 is attached to the raw nail forming jig 20.

  Then, the nail 10A is processed by processing the divided body 12A so as to have a shape as shown in FIG. 7A (a shape having an arcuate concave portion at the center of the divided body 12A) according to the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece. Is formed. The processed raw claw 10A is directly mounted on a lathe 1 for processing a workpiece.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the raw claw 10 </ b> A is centered with a ring member (not shown) and then attached to the chuck 30 arranged on the chuck body 4 of the lathe 1. Since the chuck 30 of the lathe 1 is formed with a groove for positioning the raw claw 10A and a screw portion for fastening with the raw claw 10A, the boss portion 14 of the raw claw 10A is fitted into the groove of the chuck 30, and the screw insertion hole 16 of the raw claw 10A is inserted. The raw claws 10A are attached to the chuck 30 by inserting and tightening bolts. When the raw claw 10A is mounted on the lathe 1, the workpiece W is clamped with the raw claw 10A and the processing is sequentially performed.

  When the workpiece W is not a columnar shape or a cylindrical shape but an irregular shape, that is, as shown in FIG. 11B, for example, it has a substantially L-shaped outer peripheral surface, as shown in FIG. A sector-shaped divided body 12B having an angle of 120 degrees is used. The procedure for mounting the divided body 12B on the raw nail forming jig 20 is the same as that for mounting the above-described divided body 12A. When machining the divided body 12A in the same manner as an irregularly shaped workpiece, milling is performed. Therefore, it is desirable to mount the machine on a machining center or an NC milling machine.

  Even in this case, since the divided body 12B is preliminarily mounted on the raw nail forming jig 20 by external setup, it can be immediately mounted on a machining center or an NC milling machine.

  As described above, in the raw nail 10 according to the embodiment, the fan-shaped divided body 12 is formed from the disk-shaped raw nail body 11 and the clamp surface is processed according to the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W. Many faces of the face can be clamped. For example, in the sector-shaped divided body 12A having an angle of 60 degrees, approximately half of the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W can be clamped, and in the sector-shaped divided body 12B having an angle of 120 degrees, the workpiece W A substantially entire peripheral surface of the outer peripheral surface can be formed as a clamp surface. That is, even if the workpiece W has a large outer peripheral surface, the sector-shaped divided body 12 (12A, 12B) originally has an area to be processed, so that a clamping surface can be formed. it can. Moreover, no matter how the workpiece W is formed in an irregular shape, the fan-shaped divided body 12 is formed in accordance with the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W to form the raw nail 10, so that most of the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece can be surely secured. Can be clamped to.

  Further, if the divided body 12A having an angle of 60 degrees is formed, the raw claw 10 is divided into six from the disk-shaped raw claw main body 11, and the raw claw 10 attached to the chuck main body 4 of the lathe 1 is 3 Since it is an individual, two sets of raw claws 10 can be formed. If it processes according to the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W in the divided | segmented state, the raw nail | claw 10 matched with two types of workpieces can be formed. Therefore, the raw nail 10 can be provided at a low price.

  Further, when the divided body 12 is machined according to the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece, the divided body 12 can be mounted in the raw nail forming jig 20 in advance, so that external setup can be performed and the machine tool to be processed is immediately Can be attached to.

  In addition, the raw nail | claw of the chuck | zipper apparatus of this invention is not limited to said form. For example, the shape of the segment formed in a fan shape may be a linear shape or an elliptical shape even if the outer peripheral surface is not an arc shape. In other words, any shape that spreads outward from the center may be used. Further, the present invention can be applied even when the angle of the divided body is other than 60 degrees or 120 degrees.

  Further, the engagement between the serrations formed as the positioning of the raw nail forming jig and the divided body may be simply the engagement between the keys.

It is a simplified front view which shows the lathe for forming the raw nail | claw by one form of this invention. It is a top view which shows the raw nail body for forming a raw nail. It is a top view which shows the division body divided | segmented with an angle of 60 degree | times. It is the same side view. It is a top view which shows the division body divided | segmented with an angle of 120 degree | times. It is the same side view. It is explanatory drawing which shows the shape of various raw nails. It is a top view which shows the raw nail formation jig | tool for processing a raw nail. It is the same side view. It is a simplified side sectional view showing a state where it is attached to a machine tool in order to process a raw nail. It is the same simplified front view. It is a simplified side sectional view showing a state where a raw claw is attached to a lathe. It is a simplified front view which shows the state which clamps an estuary part with the conventional square nail | claw.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, Lathe 3, Headstock 4, Chuck main body 10, Raw claw 11, Raw claw main body 12, Divided bodies 13A, 13B, Grooves 14A, 14B, Boss portion 15, Serration 20, Raw claw forming jig 21, Jig main body portion 22, T-slot 23, boss 24, serration

Claims (4)

A raw nail of a chuck body that is mounted on a machine tool and clamps a workpiece,
Having a raw nail body capable of clamping substantially the entire peripheral surface of the workpiece;
The raw nail body is formed so as to be divided in the circumferential direction, and the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece is formed so as to be machined according to the shape of the workpiece,
The workpiece clamping surface of the raw nail body machined according to the shape of the workpiece is formed so that at least approximately half of the entire circumferential surface of the workpiece can be clamped. Raw nail of the chuck body.   The said raw nail | claw main body is attached to the position divided into 3 equally by the raw nail shaping jig | tool with which the said machine tool is mounted | worn, and is processed according to the outer peripheral surface of the said workpiece. Raw nail of the chuck body.   3. The raw nail of the raw nail chuck body according to claim 2, wherein the raw nail body is formed in a disc shape, and the raw nail body divided into three parts is formed in a fan shape having an angle of about 120 degrees. The raw nail body of the raw nail chuck body according to claim 2, wherein the raw nail body is formed in a disc shape, and the raw nail body divided into three parts is formed in a fan shape having an angle of about 60 degrees.

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