JP2009022897A - Apparatus for spraying and method for spraying spraying material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for spraying which does not reduce a quality of a spraying material sprayed on a surface to be sprayed and can prevent deterioration of a working environment by dust more effectively, and a method for spraying the spraying material. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus for spraying is equipped with a spraying nozzle 10 for spraying the spraying material C on the surface 25 to be sprayed by blowing out the spraying material C from the spraying nozzle 10, and an atomizing nozzle 20 for atomizing a liquid W around a spraying stream B of the spraying material C blown out from the spraying nozzle 10 by blowing out the liquid W. The atomizing nozzle 20 is configured so that the direction to blow out the liquid W is orthogonal to a direction to blow the spraying material C by the spraying nozzle 10 or directed to a more rear end side 10b than a blow out opening 10a side of the spraying nozzle 10. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a spraying apparatus suitably used when spraying a spraying material such as concrete or mortar on an inner wall surface of a tunnel, for example, and a spraying method for the spraying material.

  For example, when spraying a spray material such as concrete or mortar on the inner wall surface of an excavated tunnel, a spray device having a spray nozzle is conventionally used. However, when the spray material is sprayed by the spray nozzle, the spray material and the additive such as the quick-setting agent are blown from the spray nozzle to become direct dust, or collide with the inner wall surface of the tunnel and bounce off. It becomes dust. The dust generated in this manner is diffused and suspended in the atmosphere in the tunnel and remains as it is, which is not preferable in consideration of the working environment.

Therefore, conventionally, as shown in Patent Document 1, a plurality of spray nozzles are disposed around the spray nozzle, and the liquid is sprayed around the spray flow of the spray material blown from the spray nozzle, thereby spraying. There has been proposed a technique for suppressing the generation of dust made of a spray material blown from a nozzle.
JP 2005-326881 A

However, when the present inventors confirmed the effect of the technique described in Patent Document 1 through experiments, it was found that this technique has the following problems to be solved.
(1) Since the liquid (water) sprayed from the spray nozzle is directly sprayed onto the surface to be sprayed, this liquid (water) is sprayed onto the spray material already sprayed on the surface to be sprayed. . Then, liquid (water) mixes in this spraying material, and the quality of the spraying material which consists of mortar etc. will fall.
(2) Much of the dust is generated when the spray material hits the surface to be sprayed and bounces off without adhering to the surface. However, the above technique is sufficient to scatter the spray material due to such rebound. Can not be suppressed.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a spraying device and a spraying material that can better prevent deterioration of the working environment due to dust without deteriorating the quality of the sprayed material sprayed onto the surface to be sprayed. The purpose is to provide a spraying method.

As a result of intensive studies on the above-described problems in the prior art, the present inventors have obtained the following knowledge.
In the above technique, when the liquid is sprayed from the spray nozzle in order to perform the liquid spray, the liquid is ejected in a direction substantially the same as the spraying direction of the spray material by the spray nozzle. However, by blowing out the liquid in the same direction in this way, the blown-out liquid is blown strongly onto the blowing material already blown on the surface to be blown due to the blowing pressure by the spray nozzle, As shown to 1), a liquid mixes in a spraying material, and will reduce the quality of a spraying material.

In addition, since the direction of the liquid blown from the spray nozzle is almost the same as the direction of the blown material blown by the spray nozzle, the liquid blown out as described above is directly subjected to the blowout pressure and sprayed at a relatively high flow rate. It flows to the surface side. Therefore, since the mist-like layer formed by blowing out in this way does not sufficiently expand in the direction perpendicular to the flowing direction, the thickness of the layer becomes relatively thin, and a part of the sprayed spray material is scattered. It will penetrate through this mist-like layer. Thereby, as shown in said (2), it is thought that the effect which suppresses scattering of a spraying material is not fully exhibited.
And as a result of further examination based on such knowledge, the present inventor completed the present invention.

That is, the spraying device of the present invention is a spray nozzle that blows the spray material and sprays the spray material onto the sprayed surface;
Spraying means for spraying the liquid, and spraying the liquid around the sprayed flow of the spray material blown from the spray nozzle,
The spraying means is configured so that a direction in which the liquid is blown is perpendicular to a direction in which the spray material is blown by the spray nozzle or a direction from the outlet side of the spray nozzle toward the base end side. It is characterized by being configured.

According to this spraying device, the direction in which the liquid is sprayed from the spraying means is perpendicular to the direction in which the spraying material is sprayed by the spraying nozzle, or is directed to the base end side from the outlet side of the spraying nozzle. Since the direction is such that the liquid flows, the liquid flows toward the side of the spraying flow of the spraying material or toward the rear by the blowing pressure. However, the spraying flow of the spray material generates a negative pressure in the direction of the flow in the vicinity of the spraying flow. Therefore, the liquid blown out from the spraying means is drawn into this negative pressure and flows toward the surface to be sprayed.
At this time, the flow of the liquid is only received by the spraying means to the side of the spraying flow or to the rear of the spraying flow, and is only drawn into the surface to be sprayed by the negative pressure. Thus, it is possible to prevent a strong spray on the spray material already sprayed on the surface to be sprayed.
Further, since the liquid flow toward the surface to be sprayed is generated by the blowing pressure by the spraying means and the negative pressure, the mist-like layer formed by this liquid is in a direction perpendicular to the flowing direction. Fully expands. Therefore, the scattered spraying material hardly penetrates the mist-like layer, and the effect of suppressing the spraying material scattering is sufficiently exhibited.

In the spraying device, it is preferable that the spraying means is composed of a plurality of spray nozzles, and the spray nozzles are disposed around the spray nozzles.
In this way, the liquid blown from the spray nozzle can be sprayed more favorably around the sprayed flow of the spray material blown from the spray nozzle.

Moreover, in this spraying apparatus, it is preferable that each spray outlet of the said spray nozzle is arrange | positioned in the position which becomes the base end side from the blower outlet of the said spray nozzle.
If it does in this way, the liquid blown from the spray nozzle will mix directly in the blowing material blown from the blower outlet of the blowing nozzle, and the quality of the blowing material sprayed on a to-be-sprayed surface may fall. It is suppressed.

In the spraying device, the liquid is preferably water.
Water is easy to use, and even if mixed in a spray material such as mortar, if the amount is small, the quality of the spray material is hardly affected.

  In the spraying method of the spraying material of the present invention, when the spraying material is sprayed onto the surface to be sprayed by the spraying nozzle, the spraying material is in a direction orthogonal to the spraying direction of the spraying material by the spraying nozzle or the outlet side of the spraying nozzle The liquid is blown out from the spray nozzle in a direction toward the base end side, and the liquid is sprayed around the sprayed flow of the spray material blown out from the spray nozzle.

  According to this spraying method, the liquid is sprayed from the spray nozzle in a direction orthogonal to the blowing direction of the spraying material by the spray nozzle or in a direction from the outlet side of the spray nozzle to the base end side. Therefore, as described above, the liquid can be prevented from being strongly sprayed on the spray material already sprayed on the surface to be sprayed, and the mist-like layer formed by the liquid By sufficiently spreading the, the effect of suppressing the scattering of the spray material can be sufficiently exhibited.

According to the present invention, by spraying a liquid around the spray flow of the spray material, it is possible to adsorb dust to the liquid and promote the descent of the dust to the ground, thereby diffusing the dust into the atmosphere.・ A floating situation can be prevented. Further, the sprayed liquid does not impair the operability of the spray nozzle and the visibility of the spray location, and therefore does not complicate the spraying operation of the spray material.
Further, as described above, since the liquid is not strongly sprayed onto the spray material already sprayed on the surface to be sprayed, the quality of the spray material is prevented from being deteriorated due to the liquid being mixed into the spray material. be able to.
Moreover, since the mist-like layer formed with the liquid is sufficiently expanded in the direction orthogonal to the flowing direction, the effect of suppressing the spraying material can be sufficiently exerted.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of a spraying apparatus of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a spraying apparatus. This spraying device 1 is used when spraying a spraying material such as concrete or mortar, and includes a spraying nozzle 10 and a plurality of spraying nozzles 20 (spraying means).

The spray nozzle 10 has a cylindrical shape connected to the spray material supply means 11 and the additive supply means 12, and is supplied from the spray material C supplied from the spray material supply means 11 and the additive supply means 12. The additive A such as a quick setting agent is sprayed (spouted) simultaneously or individually.
A spray material supply passage 13 is provided in the spray material supply passage 13 from the spray material supply means 11 to the spray nozzle 10, and an additive supply is supplied to the additive supply passage 15 from the additive supply means 12 to the spray nozzle 10. A valve 16 is provided. The spray material supply valve 14 and the additive supply valve 16 are, for example, electromagnetic type, and when an opening / closing command is given, the supply passages 13 and 15 are individually opened and closed according to the command.

  The spray nozzle 20 has a cylindrical shape for spraying water W supplied from the spray water supply means 21 in a mist shape, and is formed to have a smaller diameter than the spray nozzle 10. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, an annular bracket 22 centering on the axis of the spray nozzle 10 is provided on the outer periphery of the spray nozzle 10, and four spray nozzles 20 are provided on the bracket 22. Holding fixed at intervals.

  Further, each of these spray nozzles 20 is arranged such that its axis (center axis) is orthogonal to the axis (center axis) of the spray nozzle 10, and its outlet (injection port) 20a faces outward. In this state, the bracket 22 is held and fixed by welding, screwing, or the like. With such a configuration, each of the four spray nozzles 20 is disposed at a position where each outlet 20a is closer to the base end 10b than the outlet (injection port) 10a of the spray nozzle 10. . Further, the spray nozzle 20 is configured such that the blowing direction of the water W to be sprayed is orthogonal to the blowing direction of the spray material C (or additive A) by the spray nozzle 10. Here, regarding the blowing direction of the water W from the spray nozzle 20 and the blowing direction of the spray material C (or additive A) from the spray nozzle 10, in the present invention, the direction along the central axis of each nozzle 10, 20. Yes.

  Actually, water (spraying material) blown out from the nozzles 10 and 20 is blown out along the central axis of the nozzles 10 and 20, but thereafter, radially around the direction along the central axis. spread. Therefore, the blowing direction of water (spraying material) blown out from the nozzles 10 and 20 cannot be defined in one direction because it actually has a spread. However, in the present invention, the water (spraying material) that is blown out from each nozzle 10, 20 as described above in the direction that is the center of the blowing direction having the spread, that is, the direction along the central axis of each nozzle 10, 20. Is defined as the blowing direction of

  A spray water supply means 21 is connected to these spray nozzles 20, and a water supply valve 24 is provided in a water supply passage 23 from the spray water supply means 21 to the spray nozzle 20. The water supply valve 24 is, for example, an electromagnetic open / close type, and is configured to open / close the water supply passage 23 in response to an open / close command.

  The spraying device 1 is provided with an operation input unit 30 and a valve control means 40. The operation input unit 30 is used when a spraying worker performs a spraying operation, and has a known configuration such as a lever type or a push button type. The valve control means 40 controls each opening / closing operation of the spray material supply valve 14, the additive supply valve 16 and the water supply valve 24 based on the input information input by the operation input unit 30.

Next, with respect to the spraying method of the spraying material by the spraying device 1 having such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 3, as an example, the spraying material C made of mortar is sprayed on the inner wall surface (surface to be sprayed) 25 in the tunnel. explain.
First, when the spraying operator operates the operation input unit 30 to air-spray only the additive A before the start of the spraying operation, the valve control unit 40 maintains the spraying material supply valve 14 in a closed state. The additive supply valve 16 is opened, and the water supply valve 24 is opened simultaneously.

  When the additive supply valve 16 is opened, the additive A is supplied from the additive supply means 12 to the spray nozzle 10 through the additive supply passage 15, and the additive A is directed from the outlet 10 a of the spray nozzle 10 toward the inner wall surface 25. Is injected (blows out). Further, when the water supply valve 24 is opened, water W is supplied from the spray water supply means 21 to each spray nozzle 20 through the water supply passage 23, and the water W is sprayed in a mist form from the outlet 20a of the spray nozzle 20 ( Blown out).

  Then, since the blowing direction of the water W from the spray nozzle 20 is set to a direction orthogonal to the blowing direction of the additive A (spraying material) by the spray nozzle 10, the water W is blown from the spray nozzle 20. Immediately after that, the blowing pressure flows toward the side of the blowing nozzle 10, that is, toward the side of the blowing flow B. However, in the vicinity of the blowing flow B of the additive A, negative pressure is generated in the flowing direction. Accordingly, the water W blown from the spray nozzle 20 is drawn into this negative pressure as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 3 and flows toward the inner wall surface (surface to be sprayed) 25.

At this time, the flow of the water W is only subjected to the blowing pressure directed to the side of the blowing flow B by the spray nozzle 20 and is only drawn into the inner wall surface 25 by the negative pressure. The additive A that has already been sprayed on the inner wall surface 25 is not sprayed strongly.
Further, since the liquid flow toward the inner wall surface 25 is generated by the blowing pressure by the spray nozzle 20 and the negative pressure, the mist-like layer W1 formed by the water W is orthogonal to the flowing direction. In the direction in which the additive A (spraying material) hits the inner wall surface 25 and bounces back sufficiently.

Further, when the spraying operator operates the operation input unit 30 to spray the spray material C, the valve control means 40 opens the spray material supply valve 14 and the additive supply valve 16 and simultaneously opens the water supply valve 24. Make it work.
When the spray material supply valve 14 and the additive supply valve 16 are opened, the spray material C is supplied from the spray material supply means 11 to the spray nozzle 10 through the spray material supply passage 13 and the additive supply through the additive supply passage 15. The additive A is supplied from the means 12 to the spray nozzle 10, and the additive A is sprayed (spouted) from the outlet 10 a of the spray nozzle 10 toward the inner wall surface 25. When the water supply valve 24 is opened, the water W is supplied to each spray nozzle 20 as described above, and the water W is sprayed (sprayed) from the outlet 20a of the spray nozzle 20 in a mist form.

  At that time, as described above, the water W sprayed (sprayed) from the spray nozzle 20 is drawn into the negative pressure generated in the vicinity of the spray flow B of the spray material C, and the inner wall surface (surface to be sprayed) 25. It begins to flow toward the side. Therefore, the flow of the water W is not strongly blown onto the spray material C that has already been sprayed on the inner wall surface 25 as described above, and is sufficiently in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spray nozzle 10. By spreading, the scattering due to the spray material C hitting the inner wall surface 25 and bounced back can be sufficiently suppressed.

The valve control means 40 closes the water supply valve 24 at the same time when the spraying material supply valve 14 and the additive supply valve 16 are closed according to the input information from the operation input unit 30, and the spray nozzle The injection of water W from 20 is also stopped.
That is, the valve control means 40, when injecting either the additive A alone or the spray material C containing the additive A from the spray nozzle 10, so as to inject the mist water W from the spray nozzle 20, The opening / closing operation of the spray material supply valve 14, the additive supply valve 16 and the water supply valve 24 is controlled.

According to the spraying method of the spraying agent by such a spraying apparatus 1, the mist-like water W sprayed from the spray nozzle 20 of the spraying material C (additive A) sprayed from the spraying nozzle 10 as mentioned above. Since the sprayed stream B is sprayed around and surrounded by the sprayed flow B, for example, even if the spraying operation to the inner wall surface 25 is performed in the partitioned space such as the inside of the excavated tunnel, the spray nozzle It is possible to prevent the spraying material C and the additive A injected from 10 from directly or directly colliding with the inner wall surface and diffusing / floating, thereby preventing the problem that the working environment deteriorates due to dust.
That is, the spray material C and the additive A that are about to diffuse and float around can be adsorbed by the mist-like water W sprayed from the spray nozzle 20 to promote the descent to the ground surface. And additive A can be prevented from floating as dust.
Moreover, the sprayed water W does not impair the operability of the spray nozzle 10 and the visibility of the spray location, and therefore does not complicate the spraying operation of the spray material C (addition A).

Further, as described above, since water W is not strongly sprayed onto the spray material C (additive A) that has already been sprayed onto the inner wall surface (surface to be sprayed) 25, liquid is mixed into the spray material C. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a deterioration in the quality of the spray material C.
Moreover, since the mist-like layer W1 formed by the water W was sufficiently expanded in the direction orthogonal to the flowing direction as described above, the effect of suppressing the scattering of the spray material C can be sufficiently exhibited. .

  Moreover, according to the said spraying apparatus 1, since the water W is sprayed as a liquid from the spray nozzle 20, since water is easy to use and it is cheap, it does not cause the significant increase in work cost. This is extremely advantageous in terms of cost effectiveness as compared with the case where a dust reducing agent for reducing the dust itself generated when the spray material C is sprayed is applied.

  Further, according to the spraying device 1, the four (plural) spray nozzles 20 are disposed around the spray nozzle 10, so that the water W blown from the spray nozzle 20 is blown from the spray nozzle 10. The spray material C can be sprayed more favorably around the spray flow B. Moreover, since each blower outlet 20a of these spray nozzles 20 is arrange | positioned in the position which becomes the base end 10b side from the blower outlet 10a of the spray nozzle 10, in the blowing material C which was blown off from the spray nozzle 10 The inconvenience that the water W blown from the spray nozzle 20 is directly mixed and the quality of the spray material C sprayed onto the inner wall surface (surface to be sprayed) 25 is lowered can also be suppressed.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the spraying device 1 of the present invention. The spray device 50 shown in FIG. 4 is different from the spray device 1 shown in FIG. 3 in that the blowing direction of water (liquid) from the spray nozzle 20 is orthogonal to the blowing direction of the spray material C by the spray nozzle 10. The point is that the direction is not the direction but the direction from the outlet 10a side of the blowing nozzle 10 toward the base end 10b side.

  That is, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the water outlet from the spray nozzle 20 is formed by directing the outlet 20a of the injection nozzle 20 toward the side of the spray nozzle 10 and toward the base end 10b. The blowing direction of W is set to be slightly opposite to the side of the blowing direction of the blowing material C (or additive A) from the blowing nozzle 10. Specifically, the angle θ shown in FIG. 4, that is, the angle θ formed by the axis (center axis) of the spray nozzle 10 and the axis (center axis) of the injection nozzle 20 is less than 90 ° and 30 ° or more. Preferably, it is less than 90 ° and more preferably 45 ° or more.

  As described above, the direction in which the water W is blown from the spray nozzle 20 is slightly opposite to the direction in which the spray material C (or additive A) is blown from the spray nozzle 10 as described above. Since the water W blown from the spray nozzle 20 has a spread or the like, the water W blown from the spray nozzle 20 also has a negative pressure due to the spray flow B of the spray material C as shown by arrows in FIG. It is drawn in and flows toward the inner wall surface (surface to be sprayed) 25.

  Therefore, even in the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent a deterioration in the quality of the spray material C that has already been sprayed on the inner wall surface (surface to be sprayed) 25, and to sufficiently suppress the scattering of the spray material C. The effect similar to the spraying apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 3 can be acquired, such as being able to be exhibited.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, although the four spray nozzles 20 are provided for the spray nozzle 10 in the above-described embodiment, the number is not necessarily four, and may be three or less, or five or more.
Moreover, about the spray nozzle 20, you may use what the sprayed mist-like water W exhibits elliptical cone shape, for example, In that case, the spraying flow B of the spraying material C sprayed from the spraying nozzle 10 is used. Can be more reliably surrounded by a small number of injection nozzles 20. However, it is not always necessary to use the spray nozzle 20 that sprays the water W in an elliptical cone shape.
Furthermore, although the water W is sprayed from the spray nozzle 20, other liquids or aqueous solutions may be sprayed.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, the spray material C is injected from the spray nozzle 10, and the mist-like water W is sprayed from the spray nozzle 20, and the spray of the spray material C from the spray nozzle 10 is stopped simultaneously from the spray nozzle 20. Although spraying is also stopped, at least when spraying material C is sprayed from spray nozzle 10, spraying may be performed from spray nozzle 20. For example, spraying may be performed before spraying the spray material C from the spray nozzle 10, or spraying may be continued for a while after the spraying of the spray material C from the spray nozzle 10 is stopped.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the valves 14 and 16 for controlling the spraying of the spray material C and the additive A from the spray nozzle 10 and the valves 24 for controlling the spraying of the liquid from the spray nozzle 20 are respectively electromagnetically open / closed types. However, it is not always necessary to apply an electromagnetic switching type as these valves. However, at least when spraying the spray material C from the spray nozzle 10, it is necessary to configure so that the liquid is sprayed from the spray nozzle 20. Actuators will be attached to these valves.

It is a figure which shows notionally one Embodiment of the spraying apparatus of this invention. It is the figure which looked at the spray nozzle and spray nozzle applied to the spray apparatus shown in FIG. 1 from the injection port side. It is a figure which shows the state which is performing the spraying operation | work on the inner wall face of a tunnel using the spraying apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which is performing the spraying operation | work on the inner wall face of a tunnel using the spraying apparatus which becomes other embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 50 ... Spraying apparatus, 10 ... Spray nozzle, 10a ... Outlet, 10b ... Base end, 11 ... Spraying material supply means, 12 ... Additive supply means, 13 ... Spraying material supply path, 14 ... Spraying material supply valve, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 ... Additive supply path, 16 ... Additive supply valve, 20 ... Spray nozzle (spraying means), 20a ... Outlet, 21 ... Spray water supply means, 22 ... Bracket, 23 ... Water supply path, 24 ... Water supply valve, 25 ... inner wall surface (surface to be sprayed), 30 ... operation input unit, 40 ... valve control means, A ... additive, B ... spraying flow, C ... spraying material, W ... water (liquid)

Claims (5)

A spray nozzle that blows out the spray material and sprays the spray material onto the surface to be sprayed;
Spraying means for spraying the liquid, and spraying the liquid around the sprayed flow of the spray material blown from the spray nozzle,
The spraying means is configured so that a direction in which the liquid is blown is perpendicular to a direction in which the spray material is blown by the spray nozzle or a direction from the outlet side of the spray nozzle toward the base end side. A spraying device characterized by being configured.   The spraying device according to claim 1, wherein the spraying means includes a plurality of spray nozzles, and the spray nozzles are disposed around the spray nozzles.   The spraying device according to claim 2, wherein each of the spray nozzles is disposed at a position where each of the outlets is located on a proximal side of the outlet of the spray nozzle.   The spraying device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid is water. When spraying the spray material on the surface to be sprayed by the spray nozzle,
Blowing is performed by blowing liquid from the spray nozzle in a direction orthogonal to the blowing direction of the blowing material by the blowing nozzle or in a direction from the blowing outlet side of the blowing nozzle toward the base end side. A spraying method of a spraying material, wherein the liquid is sprayed around a spraying flow of the material.

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