JP2009015383A - Digital photographing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a digital photographing device for faithfully photographing and digitizing a three-dimensional object. <P>SOLUTION: This digital photographing device is configured to project the division sites of an object from an optical system to a photoelectric conversion element for picking up those images, and to connect the pickup digital images of the division photographic sites for acquiring the image data of the object, and provided with an optical axis fixing part 4 for fixing an optical axis 3 of a lens 2 to the object; a line scanner 7 for line-scanning a prescribed range by a reading part; a fixed frame arranged at an image forming position by the lens 2 vertically to the optical axis 3; bellows 6 for connecting the lens 2 to the fixed frame in a shielded state; a mounting part installed in the fixed frame for mounting the line scanner 7; a slide mechanism for making the mounting part slide-move to a two-dimensional direction in the fixed frame; and an image processor for connecting the digital images read by the line scanner 7. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a digital photographing apparatus suitable for a digital archive.

  Digital archives that digitize cultural assets and social materials and store them as data that can be duplicated in actual size are advancing, and data is stored as still images using a digital camera or moving images using a high-definition camera, depending on the subject. Has been.

  According to digital processing, color, gradation, shape, density, and contrast information can be acquired with high accuracy, and data directly captured with digital technology can be restored with digital technology. Because it is the best as.

  From March to May 2000 under the commission of the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications, the applicant of the present application pioneered a digital archive project for cultural properties based on the outline for the implementation of the wide area information and telecommunications network development promotion model construction project. , Pursuing high-quality, high-quality data storage through digital technology.

  The quality of the digital archive is controlled by the resolution of the digital camera, specifically, the number of pixels of the CCD sensor, for example, for a still image, and a resolution of 300 to 400 dpi with respect to the original size is generally called a high-definition image. When the actual size (subject) increases, naturally, a resolution corresponding to the size is required, but at present, the number of pixels of a high-end digital camera for business use is limited to 12.6 million pixels.

Therefore, when shooting a large subject and digitizing it, divide the subject into a number of shooting areas, move the digital camera for each shooting area, shoot and synthesize the shot images The work of connecting on the personal computer screen by processing technology has been performed so far.
(For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
JP 2002-62564 A

  However, when a three-dimensional object such as a sculpture or Buddha image is divided and photographed with a digital camera, the optical axis moves, so the shape of the divided object portion to be projected changes, and a three-dimensional object cannot be faithfully combined. There was a problem. There is also a problem that shadows and the like generated on a three-dimensional object cannot be photographed faithfully.

  In the archive of cultural assets, it is important to record the real thing faithfully. Therefore, when photographing cultural assets, high resolution (300 to 400 dpi) is required as image information. In particular, when the size of the subject is large, shooting is performed by divided shooting as described above. However, the following points become more problematic in splicing.

  (1) Because the optical axis moves, gloss and shadow are different for each image and correction is difficult. (2) It is necessary to perform distortion correction to match the seam between images. (3) Image Degradation of quality is inevitable when joining, (4) It is necessary to match the joint accurately, and (5) Information on the joint part may be lost.

  In addition, for flat cultural assets such as barrier paintings other than three-dimensional objects, the surface of the barrier paintings has irregularities, and the texture of the gold leaf and the feeling of details of the painting have changed slightly. Large amount.

  Therefore, in order to record the information about the above-mentioned three-dimensional subject and two-dimensional cultural property reliably to the extent that they can be reproduced, in addition to being able to digitize without relying on artificial corrections, The resolution that can be digitized faithfully is required for the shooting device.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the problems in the conventional digital archive as described above, and can capture a three-dimensional object faithfully and digitize it, and it is a flat surface with a large amount of information to be acquired. A digital photographing device that can faithfully digitize cultural assets is also provided.

The present invention provides a digital imaging apparatus that projects a divided part of a subject onto a photoelectric conversion element by an optical system and combines the captured digital images of the divided photographing parts into image data of the subject.
An optical axis fixing part for fixing the optical axis of the optical system to the subject;
A line scanner that scans a predetermined range by a reading unit;
A fixed frame portion that is perpendicular to the optical axis and is disposed at an imaging position by the optical system;
A light-shielding part that connects the optical system and the fixed frame part in a light-shielded state;
A mounting portion provided in the fixed frame portion, to which the line scanner is mounted;
A slide mechanism for sliding the mounting portion in the two-dimensional direction within the fixed frame portion;
A digital imaging device comprising an image processing device for combining digital images read by the line scanner.

  In the present invention, as the slide mechanism, a vertical movement frame that is fitted inside the fixed frame portion and moves in the vertical direction, and a horizontal movement frame that is fitted inside the vertical movement frame and moves in the horizontal direction. When it has, the said mounting part can be provided in this horizontal direction movement frame.

  In the present invention, as the slide mechanism, a horizontal movement frame that is fitted inside the fixed frame portion and moves in the horizontal direction, and a vertical movement frame that is fitted inside the horizontal movement frame and moves in the vertical direction. When it has, the said mounting part can be provided in this vertical direction moving frame.

  In the present invention, the moving range of the vertical moving frame is shielded by a light shielding film drawn or stored from the fixed frame, and the moving range of the horizontal moving frame is drawn or stored from the vertical moving frame. It can be shielded by a light shielding film.

  According to the digital photographing apparatus of the present invention, since the optical axis does not move during divided photographing, it is possible to shoot without distortion when dividing three-dimensional cultural assets, and faithfully record shadows and the like. Will be able to.

  It is also possible to faithfully digitize planar cultural assets that have irregularities on the surface and a large amount of information to be acquired.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the configuration of a digital photographing apparatus (hereinafter abbreviated as a photographing apparatus) according to the present invention as seen from the photographing direction.

1. Basic Configuration of Shooting Device In the figure, a shooting device 1 has a lens 2 as an optical system for collecting light from a subject, and an optical axis for fixing the optical axis 3 of the lens 2 to the subject. A fixing part 4 is provided.

  In addition, a fixed frame portion 5 is disposed at a position where the lens 2 is imaged and spaced from the optical axis fixing portion 4, and the lens 2 and the fixed frame portion 5 are shielded from light by the bellows 6. ing.

  The fixed frame portion 5 is provided with a mounting portion (described later) on which the line scanner 7 is mounted and the reading range of the line scanner 7 is open.

  Further, a slide mechanism is provided for sliding the mounting portion in the fixed frame portion 5 in the vertical and horizontal directions.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of each part of the apparatus will be described.

1.1 Lens The lens 2 is a lens with a wide image circle for 10 × 12 inch plate shooting, for example, a lens made by G-Claron 355 mm / f9 Schneider. If a lens with a wide image circle (diameter 444 mm) is used in this way, there is an advantage of enabling divided shooting.

1.2 Optical Axis Fixing Unit The optical axis fixing unit 4 has an optical axis fixing plate 8 having a lens mounting hole for mounting the lens 2 in the center, and a post 9 is suspended from the lower part of the optical axis fixing plate 8, A support block 10 supporting the post 9 is fixed to the monorail 11 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction. The optical axis 3 of the lens 2 mounted on the optical axis fixing plate 8 is fixed in the horizontal direction.

  A post 13 suspended from the fixed base 12 is fixed to the rear portion of the monorail 11 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, and the fixed frame portion 5 is provided on the fixed base 12.

1.3 Slide Mechanism FIGS. 2 and 3 show the configuration of the fixed frame portion 5.

  2A is a front view of the fixed frame portion 5 as viewed from the outside, FIG. 2B is a right side view thereof, and FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

  3A is a front view of the fixed frame portion 5 as viewed from the inside, FIG. 3B is a bottom view, and FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line E-E in FIG. .

  First, FIG. 2 will be described.

  The fixed frame portion 5 uses an existing frame for mounting an 8 × 10 version camera back. The camera back is removed, and a window portion that is a photographing area is slid vertically and horizontally within the fixed frame portion 5. It can be moved.

  The window is opened so as to coincide with the reading range of the line scanner 7.

  The sliding mechanism for slidingly moving the window portion is a window frame-shaped fixed frame (fixed frame portion) 20 and a window frame-shaped vertical frame arranged inside the fixed frame 20 and configured to be movable in the vertical direction. A moving frame (vertical moving frame) 21 and a window frame-shaped horizontal moving frame (horizontal moving frame) 22 arranged inside the vertical moving frame 21 and configured to move in the left-right direction are mainly used. It is configured.

1.3.1 Vertical Moving Frame The vertical moving frame 21 can be moved in the direction of arrow B guided by a pair of vertical guide rails 20a and 20b arranged on the left and right inside the fixed frame 20, and FIG. The state which moved to the lowest end is shown.

  The vertically moving frame 21 is moved by operating the rotary knob 23 clockwise or counterclockwise.

  The rotary knob 23 is provided in a gear box 24 provided on the fixed frame 20, and a worm 23 a provided on the rotary shaft of the rotary knob 23 is provided on the fixed frame 20 so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis. The second teeth 25b of the gear 25 are in mesh with the racks 21a formed on the side surfaces of the longitudinal movement frame 21.

  Further, the skirt portion 21b is formed in a rectangular tube shape from the longitudinally moving frame 21 toward the subject direction (arrow C direction) (see FIG. 2C).

  A strip-shaped light-shielding film 27 made of a metal thin film unwound from the first roll 26 is connected to one end portion 21c in the vertical direction of the skirt portion 21b, and from the second roll 28 to the other end portion 21d. An unrolled strip-shaped light shielding film 29 made of the same metal thin film is connected, and tension is applied to both films 27 and 29. The first roll 26 and the second roll 28 are provided on the fixed frame 20.

  The light shielding films 27 and 29 can be made of, for example, a thin film made of stainless steel that can block light.

  Thereby, even if the vertical movement frame 21 moves up and down, the space formed between the fixed frame 20 and the vertical movement frame 21 is shielded by the light shielding films 27 and 29.

1.3.2 Lateral Movement Frame The lateral movement frame 22 can be moved in the direction of arrow D by being guided by a pair of lateral guide rails 21e and 21f arranged on the upper and lower sides of the longitudinal movement frame 21. FIG. 2A shows a state in which the horizontal movement frame 22 is located at the center of the vertical movement frame 21 in the left-right direction.

  The lateral movement frame 22 is moved by operating the rotary knob 30 clockwise or counterclockwise.

  The rotary knob 30 is provided in a gear box 31 provided on the vertical movement frame 21, and a worm 30 a provided on the rotary shaft of the rotary knob 30 is provided on the vertical movement frame 21 so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis. The first teeth 32 a of the gear 32 are engaged with each other, and the second teeth 32 b of the gear 32 are engaged with a rack 22 a formed on the side surface of the lateral movement frame 22.

  Further, the skirt portion 22b is formed in a rectangular tube shape from the lateral movement frame 22 toward the subject direction (the direction of arrow C).

  As shown in FIG. 3C, the light shielding film 34 unwound from the third roll 33 is connected to one end 22c in the left-right direction of the skirt 22b, and the fourth end is connected to the other end 22d. A light shielding film 36 unwound from the roll 35 is connected, and tension is applied to both films 34 and 36. The light shielding films 34 and 36 are made of the same material as the light shielding film 27 described above.

  Thereby, even if the horizontal movement frame 22 moves to the left and right, the space formed between the horizontal movement frame 22 and the vertical movement frame 21 is shielded by the light shielding films 34 and 36.

  3A, the vertical movement frame 21 moves along the vertical guide rails 20a and 20b, and the horizontal movement frame 22 moves along the horizontal guide rails 21e and 21f of the vertical movement frame 21. An imaging area S is partitioned in the frame 22.

1.4 Line Scanner FIG. 4 is an external view of the line scanner 7 that is detachably mounted on the lateral movement frame 22.

  In the drawing, the line scanner 7 has a rectangular case body 7a, and an opening 7b cut out in a rectangular shape is formed on the surface on the side where the lateral movement frame 22 is attached.

  The opening 7b corresponds to a reading range, and the subject is scanned when the CCD line sensor 7c moves in the direction of arrow F within the reading range.

  Scanning of the CCD line sensor 7c makes it possible to acquire data for a range of vertical x horizontal: 12,600 pixels x 10,500 pixels, that is, 100 mm x 84 mm, from the reading range.

  The line scanner 7 is mounted so as to be inserted into mounting brackets 22e and 22f as mounting portions disposed on the left and right sides of the lateral movement frame 22, so that the opening 7b is positioned within the frame of the lateral movement frame 22. It is supposed to be.

  The photographing apparatus 1 having the above configuration is connected to a computer for performing image composition processing, and 7d is an IEEE 1394 port for connecting to the IEEE 1394 port of the connected computer with a cable.

  Thereby, the data scanned by the CCD line sensor 7c is transferred to a computer as an image processing apparatus via a cable.

2. Shooting Procedure Next, a shooting procedure using the shooting apparatus 1 will be described.

  In FIG. 5, for the sake of simplicity, the rectangular scanning range G of the line scanner is shown by a circle. In addition, a case where the first to fourth sections obtained by dividing the subject into four parts are photographed will be described.

  In addition, as an adjustment before photographing, the density is made uniform for the amount of light that decreases around the lens, thereby eliminating uneven illumination.

  In FIG. 5A, first, the photographing apparatus 1 is positioned so that the optical axis of the lens 2 is positioned substantially at the center of the photographing object.

  Next, the optical axis fixing unit 4 is moved in the front-rear direction to focus on the subject, and the optical axis fixing unit 4 is fixed to the monorail 11 at the focused position.

2.1 First Section Next, the rotary knob 23 is operated to move the vertical movement frame 21 to the upper end in the fixed frame 20, and the rotary knob 30 is further operated to move the horizontal movement frame 22 to the left end in the vertical movement frame 21. To move. Thereby, the reading range G moves to the upper left corner.

  In this state, scanning is performed by the CCD line sensor 7c of the line scanner 7, and data is acquired for the upper left photographing area.

2.2 Second Section When scanning is completed for the upper left shooting area, the rotary knob 30 is then operated to move the laterally moving frame 22 to the right end in the fixed frame 20. Thereby, the reading range G moves to the upper right end.

  In this state, the second scanning by the line scanner 7 is started.

2.3 Third Section When the second scanning is completed, the rotary knob 23 is then operated to move the vertically moving frame 21 to the lower end of the fixed frame 20. Accordingly, the reading range G is moved to the lower right end.

  In this state, the third scanning by the line scanner 7 is started.

2.4 Fourth Section When the third scanning is completed, the rotary knob 30 is then operated to move the lateral movement frame 22 to the left end of the fixed frame 20. Thereby, the reading range G moves to the lower left corner.

  In this state, the fourth scanning by the line scanner 7 is started.

  As described above, if the scanning unit G is moved in the order of the upper left end → the upper right end → the lower right end → the lower left end for each shooting area obtained by dividing the subject into four parts, and scanning is performed by the CCD line sensor 7c at each position, an image circle is obtained. It is possible to acquire the subject image in four parts.

  In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the subject is photographed in four divisions has been described. However, the number of divisions may be four divisions or less depending on the size of the subject, or may be a division number exceeding four divisions.

2.5 Image Combining Process Also, the vertical movement frame 21 and the vertical movement frame 21 in the fixed frame 20 are shared so that a predetermined amount of overlapping margin (vertical direction and horizontal direction) is shared between adjacent reading ranges G. A moving range of the horizontal moving frame 22 is set.

  For this reason, the error of the vertical frame 21 and the horizontal frame 22 that slide in the fixed frame 20 is suppressed to 0.02 mm or less. In this way, by minimizing mechanical errors (hardware errors) in the slide mechanism, image composition processing by software is minimized and simplified. In other words, the subject can be digitized faithfully.

  Also, in the synthesis of image data, for example, the captured image data is displayed side by side on the monitor screen of the computer, and the overlapping margin of one image data is overlapped with the overlapping margin of the other image data. This makes it easy to combine two image data.

  If there is an angle difference between the two image data, the upper part of one image data is fixed, and the figure is rotated about a minute angle to match the other image data. If such a composition operation is performed on four photographed image data, one piece of image data can be easily created.

  In the present embodiment, since the shooting area is divided into a plurality of areas within the image circle with the optical axis fixed, the shooting conditions are the same as in the conventional split shooting method in which the shooting is performed by moving the optical axis. Will not change.

  In addition, there is an advantage that resolution is not deteriorated during image composition processing because an interpolation technique is not used, such as density correction for a digital image of each divided part obtained by imaging.

  According to the present embodiment, the resolution that can be scanned by one line scanner 7 is about 130 million pixels, and the number of pixels used for the above-described superposition allowance (200,000 pixels × 200,000 pixels) is reduced. However, it is possible to shoot a subject with a high resolution of more than 500 million pixels by combining four pieces of image data.

  In the digital photographing apparatus of the present invention, one image circle is formed with a single optical axis, and divided photographing is performed within the same image circle. Therefore, it is possible to join images without correcting the distortion.

  In addition, the image quality is not deteriorated by enabling stitching without correcting the distortion, and the work process required for stitching the images can be simplified, thereby greatly reducing the work time required for image composition. can do.

  Further, since the joined images have no movement of the optical axis, the gloss / shade due to light from a certain direction is reproduced, and the joined images can be joined beautifully without distortion, and a complete image can be obtained.

  This makes it possible to faithfully reproduce shadows and the like generated on a three-dimensional object even when shooting a three-dimensional cultural property. Further, even if the object to be photographed is a large area such as a barrier image, it is possible to acquire even a complicated texture such as a gold leaf without leaking information.

1 is a perspective view showing an overall configuration of a digital photographing apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 1 shows the structure of the fixed frame shown in FIG. 1 from the outside, (a) is a front view, (b) is a right side view, and (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. It is. FIG. 1 shows the structure of the fixed frame shown in FIG. 1 from the inside, (a) is a front view, (b) is a bottom view, and (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line EE in FIG. is there. FIG. 2 is an external perspective view showing a configuration of the line scanner shown in FIG. 1. (a)-(d) is explanatory drawing which shows the imaging | photography procedure using the digital imaging device of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Image pick-up device 2 Lens 3 Optical axis 4 Optical axis fixed part 5 Fixed frame part 6 Bellows 7 Line scanner 7a Case main body 7b Opening 7c CCD line sensor 8 Optical axis fixed board 9 Post 10 Support block 11 Monorail 12 Fixed base 13 Post 20 Fixed Frame 21 Vertical movement frame 22 Horizontal movement frame 23 Rotation knob 24 Gear box 26 First roll 27 Shielding film 28 Second roll 29 Shielding film 30 Rotation knob 31 Gear box 33 Third roll 34 Shielding film 35 Fourth roll 36 Shielding film

Claims (4)

In a digital imaging device that projects a divided part of a subject on a photoelectric conversion element by an optical system and combines the captured digital images of the divided photographing parts into the image data of the subject.
An optical axis fixing part for fixing the optical axis of the optical system to the subject;
A line scanner that scans a predetermined range by a reading unit;
A fixed frame portion that is perpendicular to the optical axis and is disposed at an imaging position by the optical system;
A light-shielding part that connects the optical system and the fixed frame part in a light-shielded state;
A mounting portion provided on the fixed frame portion to which the line scanner is mounted;
A slide mechanism for sliding the mounting portion in the two-dimensional direction within the fixed frame portion;
An image processing apparatus for combining digital images read by the line scanner.   The slide mechanism has a vertical movement frame that is fitted inside the fixed frame portion and moves in the vertical direction, and a horizontal movement frame that is fitted inside the vertical movement frame and moves in the horizontal direction. The digital photographing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mounting portion is provided in a lateral movement frame.   The slide mechanism has a horizontal movement frame that is fitted inside the fixed frame portion and moves in the horizontal direction, and a vertical movement frame that is fitted inside the horizontal movement frame and moves in the vertical direction. The digital photographing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mounting portion is provided in a vertical movement frame.   The moving range of the vertical moving frame is shielded by a light shielding film drawn or stored from the fixed frame, and the moving range of the horizontal moving frame is shielded by a light shielding film drawn or stored from the vertical moving frame. The digital photographing device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein