JP2009012960A - Device and method for preventing clogging of hopper - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device and a method for preventing clogging of a hopper capable of surely detecting load clogging with little erroneous operations, preventing deterioration of a load clogging detector, and coping with a load change such as a likely-to-clog condition. <P>SOLUTION: This hopper clogging preventing device detects whether a load is clogged in a hopper by load clogging detectors 13, 23, 33 installed in hoppers 11, 21, 31. The load clogging detectors are installed outside the hoppers, so as to detect whether the loads flow from the hoppers with the load clogging detectors. Also, while hopper delivery units 10, 20, 30 comprising sets of the hoppers and delivery means 12, 22, 32 are continuously arranged in a load delivery direction, the load clogging detectors are installed outside the hoppers of the respective hopper delivery units. After a predetermined time elapsed from the time when the an upstream load clogging detector detects a loading condition, only when a downstream load detector detects unloading, the upstream delivery means is stopped. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a hopper clogging prevention apparatus and method.

  Coal burned in the boiler of a thermal power plant is continuously arranged in multiple stages with a conveying system consisting of a coal hopper in a granular state collected from a coal storage silo and a belt conveyor (referred to as conveying means or conveyor). , Supplied to the thermal power plant. Coal (hereinafter also referred to as “load”) that is put into the hopper is likely to be clogged inside the hopper due to its wetness, and when any hopper is clogged, this is detected and all conveyors are operated by interlocking Stop and check the clogged hopper to remove the clog. As described above, it is required to detect in advance that a hopper is clogged or to be in a clogged state, and to eliminate it beforehand.

  Conventionally, there are paddle type, electrostatic capacity type, propeller type and the like for detecting clogging in a hopper. The detector in each formula is provided inside the hopper. In the paddle type, the presence or absence of clogging is detected by detecting the movement of paddles (including stirring means, crushing means, and stirring means) installed inside the hopper. It is a form to judge that clogging has occurred, and the capacitance type is a form to judge that clogging has occurred because the vibration detector (clogging detector) installed in the hopper stops detecting vibration, In the case of the propeller type, a rotating propeller (clogging detector) is installed inside the hopper, and it is judged that clogging has occurred due to the rotation of the rotating propeller being stopped (hereinafter referred to as “conventional technology”). Called). In this prior art, when it is detected that the hopper is clogged with coal, the operation of the conveying means and the paddle is immediately stopped and an alarm is sounded to notify the abnormal situation. In order to eliminate the clogging, the high pressure water is injected into the chopper that has been clogged, or an appropriate vibration is applied to the hopper to vibrate the chopper.

Patent Document 1 discloses a technology of a hopper clogging detection device. In this technique, a vibration detection sensor is provided in a chute part below the hopper, and the vibration detection sensor detects vibration caused by coal passing through the chute part. While the vibration detection sensor detects vibration, the hopper is in a normal state where there is no clogging.If the vibration detection sensor stops detecting vibration, it is determined that the hopper is clogged. It is what you have.
JP 2000-185824 A

  However, in the above-described prior art, it is practical that the clogging phenomenon occurs not at the throttle portion of the hopper where the above-described clogging detectors of each type are installed, but at the divergent portion above the throttle portion. It is. For this reason, the clogging detector installed in the throttling part cannot detect clogging generated at the divergent part, and there is a problem that the upstream conveying means is damaged by coal that continues to operate and accumulates in the hopper. It was.

  In addition, since the clogging detector employed in each of the above formulas is installed in the hopper, there is a problem that malfunctions occur due to corrosion or contamination, and an alarm does not sound even when an abnormality occurs.

  Moreover, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, since the load must be passed through the chute portion suspended from the hopper, there is a problem that clogging is likely to occur in the middle of flowing through a long path.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and it is possible to reliably detect clogging with less malfunction, to prevent deterioration of the clogging detector, and to prevent changes in loading such as a clogged state. An object of the present invention is to provide a hopper clogging prevention apparatus and method that can be used.

(1) In order to achieve the above object, a hopper clogging prevention device according to the present invention is a hopper clogging prevention device that detects whether or not a load is clogged in a hopper by a clogging detector installed in the hopper. The clogging detector is installed on the outside of the hopper, and the clogging detector is configured to detect whether or not there is a flow of cargo flowing out of the hopper outside the hopper. .

  In this invention, a clogging detector is provided outside the hopper, and the flow of coal (load) flowing out (falling) from the hopper, in other words, the presence or absence of the load can be detected outside the hopper. For this reason, the presence or absence of the flow of the load flowing out (falling) from the hopper can be detected by the clogging detector. When the clogging detector detects that there is a flow of load flowing out of the hopper, it is determined that the hopper is in a normal state without clogging, and when no load flow is detected, It is determined that the hopper is clogged. Thereby, it can return to a normal state in the state without clogging by the maintenance inspection by an operator. Therefore, since the clogging detector is installed outside the hopper, a situation in which the clogging detector corrodes and deteriorates due to the load can be effectively avoided.

(2) Further, another hopper or conveying means for receiving the load falling from the hopper is provided at a lower part of the hopper, and whether the load flowing through the another hopper or the conveying means is present or not is determined. Detected by a detector, and configured to stop the hopper and the other hopper or the conveying means when the clogging detector detects that no load is flowing (no load state). May be.

In this configuration, when the load flows from the upper hopper to another conveying means such as another hopper arranged below or a belt conveyor, the clogging detector attached to the outside of the hopper transfers the actual load flow to the hopper. By detecting the outside, the clogging in the hopper can be reliably determined.
Here, the “no-load state” is intended to include not only a state in which no load is flowing, but also a state in which the quantity that should originally flow is not flowing.

(3) In addition, while the hopper transport unit forming a set of the hopper and the transport means is continuously arranged in the load transport direction, a clogging detector is installed outside the hopper of each hopper transport unit, Configured to stop at least the upstream conveying means only when the downstream side clogging detector detects no load after a lapse of a predetermined time after the upstream clogging detector detects the presence of a load. It is also possible to do.

  In such a configuration, a plurality of hopper conveyance units are continuously arranged. A clogging detector is provided outside the hopper at each stage, and has a function of detecting the presence or absence of the flow of the load conveyed by the conveying means below the hopper and informing the downstream of the passage of the load. As a result, the clogging detector attached to the outside of the downstream hopper after the predetermined time has elapsed after the upstream clogging detector detects that there is a load when the conveying means is in operation. When it is detected that there is a load (load is flowing), it is determined that the hopper is in a normal operating state with no clogging, and it is detected that there is no load. In this case, it is determined that the downstream hopper is in an abnormal state in which clogging has occurred. In this way, if there is a load on the upstream conveying means, the load should also appear on the downstream conveying means after a predetermined time has passed, and if it does not appear, some sort of clogging (abnormality) has occurred. It comes to judge. As a result, in the case of a clogged state, since the operation of the conveying means located at least immediately upstream is stopped, the conveyance of the load from the upstream conveying means to the downstream hopper is stopped. In other words, in a hopper having a configuration in which a stirring, crushing, and stirring function means such as a paddle or a propeller is accommodated in the hopper, even if a clogging occurs above the function means, the clogging is reliably detected and the transport means The operation can be stopped. Accordingly, no further load is accumulated on the downstream hopper, and the upstream conveying means can be reliably prevented from being damaged by the accumulated load.

(4) Further, the clogging detector is formed so as to detect the amount of the load, and a clogging removing means is installed in the hopper, and the load is detected more than a predetermined amount by the clogging detector. You may comprise so that the said clogging removal means may be actuated when a small clogging state is detected.

  By adopting such a configuration, when it is detected that the clogging detector is clogged, the clogging of the vibrator using the high pressure fluid pressure attached to the hopper, the injector using the high pressure water, etc. is removed. Activate the means. This makes it possible to maintain the load in the hopper so that the flow in the hopper is in a smooth state at the stage of the pre-packing condition before reaching the complete packing condition, and as a result, it is possible to eliminate the clogging smoothly and in advance. It becomes possible to reduce the cost of transporting the load.

(5) When the clogging detector detects that the clogged state has not yet been resolved by the clogging removal means, it stops at least the operation of the upstream conveying means. Also good.

  In this configuration, when it is determined that the clogged state is not resolved, the operation of the upstream conveying unit is stopped, so that the load is not accumulated in the downstream hopper, and as a result, the accumulated load depends on the accumulated load. Breakage and damage to the transport means can be avoided, and clogging of the hopper can be easily eliminated by maintenance inspection by an operator.

(6) In addition, when a paddle is installed in the hopper and the clogging detector detects a loaded state on the conveying means, the paddle is activated and a no-load state is detected. You may comprise so that the operation | movement of a paddle may be stopped.

  With this configuration, the paddle stops when the clogging detector detects no load, that is, when the clogging state is detected. Therefore, the operability of the paddle can be improved.

  According to the present invention, the coal, gypsum, gravel, wood chips, ore, etc. containing moisture, fall off from the hopper after being dropped from the hopper in a granular shape and fallen from the hopper. By detecting the actual load flow with the detector, it is now possible to determine whether the hopper is clogged. For this reason, generation | occurrence | production of the malfunctioning of a clogging detector can be suppressed, and the presence or absence of clogging can be detected reliably. Moreover, since the clogging detector is not exposed to the load, deterioration can be prevented. Furthermore, there are various advantages such that the state of the clogging of the load in the hopper can be detected in advance and the clogging can be eliminated in advance.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiment shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing a schematic configuration of an entire system for transporting coal (load) in an embodiment, and hopper transport units 10, 20, and 30 that form a set of hoppers and transport means are arranged at the upper, middle and lower positions. Arranged continuously in three stages. In each stage of the hopper transport unit, hoppers 11, 21, 31 and belt conveyors 12, 22, 32 which are transport means installed at the lower part of the hopper are installed. Each of the hoppers 11, 21, 31 has a shape in which an outer surface forms a tetrahedron and spreads upward and downward. The clogging detectors 13, 23, and 33 are attached to the outside near the lower end openings of the hoppers 11, 21, and 31. The belt conveyors 12, 22, and 32 are driven in the direction of the arrow by driving means 15, 25, and 35 such as electric motors.

  In this embodiment, the hopper conveyance units 10, 20, and 30 are configured in three stages, but it goes without saying that the number of stages is not limited to this.

  The clogging detectors 13, 23, 33 and the conveyor driving means 15, 25, 35 are electrically connected to the control device 40. The control device 40 receives control information from the clogging detector and the conveyor driving means. Thus, the operation of the belt conveyors 12, 22, and 32 is controlled.

  In this way, the load L input to the upper hopper 11 from the loader A is dropped and conveyed to the upper belt conveyor 12, and then transferred to the middle hopper 21 at the end of the belt conveyor 11, so that the middle belt After the conveyor 22 is transported, it is delivered to the lower hopper 31 at the end thereof, and the load flowing down from the lower portion of the hopper 31 is placed on the belt conveyor 32 and, for example, carried out to the boiler area in the thermal power plant. It is like that. The conveyor spans of the belt conveyors 11, 21, and 31 may have a common length or may vary for each belt conveyor.

  The clogging detectors 13, 23 and 33 are of a paddle switch type, and a paddle (not shown) installed in the hopper is driven or stopped driving depending on whether or not there is a flow of the load L on the belt conveyor. It is a detector provided with a mechanism to perform. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, contacts 13 a, 23 a, and 33 a that are attached to the outside of the throttle portion below each hopper and formed of an elastically deformable material are aligned with the lower opening of the hopper. It is provided so as to extend in a direction approaching the belt conveyors 11, 21, 31 at the closest position. Thereby, when the load L flowing down from each hopper passes through the clogging detectors 13, 23, 33 by the belt conveyor, if the passing amount of the load L passing through the contacts 13a, 23a, 33a is not less than a predetermined amount. The contact is tilted while being flexibly elastically deformed. When the load L does not flow, the contacts 13a, 23a, 33a are merely suspended without any deformation as shown in FIG. 3 (a), whereby the load L does not flow out of the hopper. That is, it is detected that there is no flow of the load L on the belt conveyor, and in conjunction with this, the paddle switch is turned off and the operation of the paddle is stopped. On the other hand, when the load L passes through the contacts 13a, 23a, and 33a as shown in FIG. 3B, the contact L tilts while being deformed so that the load L flows on the belt conveyor. In conjunction with this, a paddle switch (not shown) installed inside the hopper is turned on and the paddle is automatically driven.

  Next, an example of the control device 40 will be described with reference to FIG. The control device 40 mainly includes a load detection unit 41, a conveyor drive detection unit 42, a clogging determination unit 43, a timer unit 44, a memory unit 45, and a conveyor drive unit 46.

  The load detection unit 41 receives signals of the load presence state and the no load state detected by the load detection detectors 13, 23, and 33, and outputs a part of the signals to the blockage determination unit 43 and the timer unit 44. .

  The conveyor drive detector 42 is connected to the drive detectors 16, 26, 36 for detecting whether the conveyor drive means 15, 25, 35 or the belt conveyors 12, 22, 32 are driven. The drive presence / absence signals detected at 26 and 36 are input, and a part of the signals is output to the clogging determination unit 43 and the timer unit 44.

  The timer unit 44 passes through the clogging detector 13 or 23 in the upstream stage based on the detection signal of the clogging detector 13, 23, 33 and the detection signal of the drive detector 16, 26, 36. The time taken for the load L to pass through the clogging detector 23 or 33 in the downstream stage is measured.

  The memory unit 45 includes the wetness of the load L, the load per hour that is put into the hopper, the granularity of the load L, the driving speed of the driving means 15, 25, 35 (conveying speed of the belt conveyor), and the conveying of each belt conveyor It is a part for storing data such as distance (including data to be updated), and these data are configured to be input from an operation unit 47 installed outside. The operation unit 47 is provided with a power switch (not shown) for turning on (ON) and stopping (OFF) the power to the transport system shown in FIG.

  The clogging determination unit 43 determines which of the hoppers 11, 21, 31 is clogged based on output signals from the presence detector 41, the conveyor drive detection unit 42, and the timer unit 44. Is. The result of the arithmetic processing performed by the clogging determination unit 43 is input to the conveyor driving unit 46, and the conveyor driving unit 46 outputs a signal for driving the conveyor driving units 15, 25, and 35 based on the result.

  The configuration of the clogging determination unit 43 will be described more specifically with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a logic diagram for determining clogging. FIG. 4A shows a clogging in the middle hopper 21 in the cargo conveyance path between the upper hopper conveyance unit 10 and the middle hopper conveyance unit 20. In this case, at least the control of stopping the driving of the upper belt conveyor 12 is performed in the case (b). Similarly, the lower hopper 31 is arranged in the load conveying path between the middle hopper conveying unit 20 and the lower hopper conveying unit 30. Controls for stopping the driving of at least the middle belt conveyor 22 when clogging occurs are shown.

  First, as shown in FIG. 4A, in the upper hopper conveyance unit 10, the load L is loaded on the belt conveyor 12 by the clogging detector 13 while the belt conveyor 12 is activated (operated). In the case where the flowing AND condition is satisfied, the belt conveyor 22 is activated and the clogging detector 23 is activated for the middle hopper transport unit 20 after a predetermined time has elapsed after detecting that the AND condition is satisfied. If the AND condition that detects the presence of a load is satisfied, it is determined that no clogging has occurred in the middle hopper 21. As a result, the clogging determination unit 43 outputs to the conveyor drive unit 46 that the conveyance system is in the normal mode. However, the upper hopper transport unit 10 is in a state where the belt conveyor 12 is activated (operated) and the AND condition that the load L flows on the belt conveyor 12 by the clogging detector 13 is satisfied. After a predetermined time has elapsed after detecting that the AND condition is satisfied, the belt conveyor 22 must be activated and the clogging detector 23 must detect that there is a load for the middle hopper transport unit 20. For example, when the AND / NOT condition is calculated, it is output to the conveyor driving unit 46 that the conveyance system is in the abnormal mode. As a result, at least the upper belt conveyor 12 stops, and the paddle also stops in response to the clogging detector 13. In addition, although not shown, for example, an alarm sounds and informs surrounding workers that the hopper 21 is clogged.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, the same calculation process as described above is executed in the clogging determination unit 43 between the middle hopper conveyance unit 20 and the lower hopper conveyance unit 30. That is, the middle belt conveyor 22 is activated, and the lower belt conveyor 32 is activated with respect to the downstream lower belt conveyor 32 after a predetermined time has elapsed after the clogging detector 23 detects the state of loading. If the clogging detector 33 does not detect a loaded state, it is determined that the lower hopper 31 is clogged. As a result, the clogging determination unit 43 outputs a belt conveyor stop command to the conveyor driving unit 46 and notifies the operator that the middle driving means 25, that is, the belt conveyor 22 has stopped operating, and the hopper 31 is clogged. To do.

  As described above, in both cases shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, the control device 40 has a downstream belt after a predetermined time has passed if there is a load on the upstream belt conveyor. A load should also appear on the conveyor, and if it does not appear, a clogging determination unit 43 is provided to determine that some abnormality has occurred, to notify the alarm, and to eliminate the clogging of the hopper. Yes.

  Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. In the following description, the upper stage clogging detector 13 is referred to as “first clogging 13”, the middle stage clogging detector 23 is referred to as “second clogging detector 23, and the lower stage clogging detector 33 is referred to as“ It will be referred to as a “third clogging detector 33”. The power is turned on by the power switch of the operation unit 47, all the belt conveyors 12, 22, 32 are activated (S10), and the load L is in an operating state in which it is normally conveyed. The load input from the loader A to the hopper 11 flows down to the belt conveyor 12 if no clogging occurs in the hopper 11, but does not flow down if a clogging occurs. Whether the load L flows down and flows on the belt conveyor 12 is detected by the first clogging detector 13 (S11). In step S11, if the first clogging detector 13 detects that the load L does not pass even after a certain period of time has elapsed since the start of the belt conveyor, it is determined as an abnormal operation mode in which clogging has occurred. (S20), all the belt conveyors are immediately stopped (S21), the paddle switch (not shown) is turned off, the operation of the paddle is automatically stopped, and the work for eliminating the clogging of the hopper 11 is enabled. To do. At this time, an alarm device (not shown) also sounds to notify that there is a clogging around.

  In step S11, when it is detected by the first clogging detector 13 that no clogging has occurred, the load L is conveyed by the belt conveyor 12, but at the same time, timer measurement is started (S12). Then, it is determined whether or not the conveying time (predetermined time) T1 until the load L flowing through the belt conveyor 12 passes through the second stage clogging detector 23 in the middle stage is determined (S13). If it is determined in step S13 that the predetermined time has elapsed, whether or not the load L delivered from the belt conveyor 12 to the middle hopper 21 has flowed down to the middle belt conveyor 22 and then flowed out is determined as the second clogging. It is detected by the detector 23 (S14). Here again, similarly to the above, if the second clogging detector 23 detects that the load L does not pass through the second clogging detector 23, that is, does not flow on the belt conveyor 22, step S20 is performed. The operation of all belt conveyors is stopped and the alarm device is activated. In this case, only the upper belt conveyor 12 may be stopped.

  In step S14, when the second clogging detector 23 detects that no clogging has occurred, a paddle switch (not shown) is turned on to operate the paddle, and the load L is conveyed by the belt conveyor 22. At the same time, the timer measurement is started (S15). Whether or not the conveyance time (predetermined time) T2 until the load L flowing through the belt conveyor 22 passes through the lower third clogging detector 33 has elapsed. Is determined (S16). If it is determined in step S16 that the predetermined time has elapsed, it is determined whether or not the load L delivered from the belt conveyor 22 to the lower hopper 31 has flowed down to the lower belt conveyor 32 and flows out. It is detected by the detector 33 (S17). If the third clogging detector 33 detects that the load L does not pass through the third clogging detector 33, that is, does not flow on the belt conveyor 32, it is assumed that clogging has occurred in the hopper 31. In the abnormal operation mode (S20), the operation of all the belt conveyors is stopped (S21), the paddle switch of the middle hopper 21 (not shown) is turned off, the paddle operation is stopped, and the alarm device is activated. In this case, only the upper belt conveyor 12 may be stopped.

  In step S17, when it is detected by the third clogging detector 33 that the load L is flowing on the belt conveyor 32, the paddle switch of the hopper 31 (not shown) is turned on to operate the paddle, and the load L is It is conveyed by the belt conveyor 32, returns to step S11 again as the normal operation mode (S18), and the conveyance operation is continued.

  According to the above embodiment, the occurrence of clogging in the upper, middle and lower hoppers 11, 21, 31 indicates that one of the first, second, third clogging detectors 13, 23, 33. Is detected, the control device 40 stops at least the operation of the belt conveyor located on the upstream side where the clogging has occurred, and at least the paddles of the hoppers 11, 21, 31 that have clogged the operation. , And the alarm device notifies the alarm, in other words, the hopper 11, depending on the transport operation status of the upstream belt conveyor and the downstream belt conveyor and the presence or absence of the load L flowing on the belt conveyor. An abnormality in 21 and 31 can be detected. In this way, since the flow of the load L that actually flows on the belt conveyor is detected and determined by the clogging detectors 13, 23, and 33, it is possible to detect the clogging reliably with few erroneous operations. In addition, since the installation locations of the first, second, and third clogging detectors 13, 23, and 33 are installed outside the hopper, not inside the hoppers 11, 21, 31, the installation environment is improved. As a result, the deterioration of the clogging detectors 13, 23, 33 can be prevented smoothly.

  In the above description, the paddle switch for controlling the paddle in the hopper is provided separately from the clogging detector, but the clogging detector may also be used as a paddle switch.

  Next, a modification of the above embodiment will be described. In the above embodiment, only the presence / absence of the load L passing through each of the clogging detectors 13, 23, 33 is detected. However, in this modification, the clogging detectors 13, 23, 33 have a clogging feeling. A function for detecting the state is provided, and when the clogging detectors 13, 23, 33 detect a clogging state, a clogging removing means for removing clogging of the hoppers 11, 21, 31 is provided. Features a point. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the vibrators 14, 24, and 34 as the clogging removing means are installed outside the hoppers 11, 21, 31, and the first, second, and third clogging detectors. 13, 23, 33 is added a configuration that also has a function of detecting whether or not the load passing through the clogging detectors 13, 23, 33 is clogged (a large amount of passing load). Specifically, each of the first, second, and third clogging detectors 13, 23, and 33 passes through the fact that a clogging condition is occurring in any of the hoppers 11, 21, and 31. When the amount is detected by the amount, a vibration command signal is output from the clogging determination unit 43 to the vibrators 14, 24, 34, and the vibrators 14, 24, 34 vibrate to move the hoppers 11, 21, 31. It has the structure which is made to vibrate and eliminates a clogged state.

  The operation of this modification will be described with reference to the flow charts of FIGS. 1 and 6. FIG. 6 shows a state of normal clogging between the nth clogging detector and the (n + 1) th clogging detector and the normal state. 4 is a generalized flowchart for determining an operation mode and an abnormal operation mode.

  First, the operation of the first clogging detector 13 and the second clogging detection 23 will be described with n = 1. In step S30, after the conveyor is activated, it is determined whether or not the first clogging detector 13 is turned on. When the predetermined monitoring time has elapsed without being turned on ("YES" in S31), the first vibration is detected. The instrument 14 is operated (S32), and measurement of the operation time of the vibrator is started (S33). Then, it is determined whether or not the exciter operating time has reached a predetermined time or more, and when the predetermined time has been reached, the operation is stopped by outputting an alarm or the like as the abnormal operation mode (S35). In step S34, if the vibrator operation time has not reached the predetermined time, the process returns to step S30, and the subsequent steps are repeated. Instead of determining the abnormal operation mode based on the vibrator operating time, the vibrator may be operated for a predetermined time, and the abnormality may be determined when the number of operations reaches a predetermined value or more.

  If the clogging detector is ON in step S30, measurement of the passing load amount of the first hopper 11 for a predetermined time from the current time, that is, the passing load amount of the belt conveyor 12 is started (S36, S37). Next, it is determined whether or not the second clogging detector has been turned on (S38). If the monitoring time has elapsed without turning on ("YES" in S39), the second vibrator 24 is activated. The hopper 21 is vibrated (S45), and the measurement of the operation time of the vibrator is started (S46). Then, it is determined whether or not the exciter operating time has reached a predetermined time or more, and when the predetermined time has been reached, the operation is stopped by outputting an alarm or the like as the abnormal operation mode (S35).

  On the other hand, if the second clogging detector 23 is ON in step S38, the time (T) from when the first clogging detector 13 is turned on to when the second clogging detector 23 is turned on is measured. (S40), the measurement of the passing load amount of the second hopper 21, that is, the passing load amount of the belt conveyor 22, is started for a predetermined time from the time when the time T has elapsed from the measurement start time of step S37 (S41). Then, a difference between the passing load amount measured in step S37 and the passing load amount measured in step S41 is calculated (S42), and it is determined whether or not the difference is equal to or less than a predetermined value (S43).

  If the difference exceeds the predetermined value in step S43 ("NO" in S43), it is determined that the state is clogged (S44), the second vibrator 24 is operated, and vibration is applied to the second hopper 21a. (S45), measurement of the operation time of the vibrator is started (S46). Then, it is determined whether or not the exciter operating time has reached a predetermined time or more, and when the predetermined time has been reached, the operation is stopped by outputting an alarm or the like as the abnormal operation mode (S35).

  On the other hand, if the difference is equal to or smaller than the predetermined value in step S43 ("YES" in S43), the normal operation mode is set (S48), and if there are any active first and second vibrators, the operation is stopped (S49). . The above processing is repeated until the work is completed (S50).

  The above is the processing between the first clogging detector 13 and the second clogging detector 23, but the interval between the second clogging detector 23 and the third clogging detector 33 is n in FIG. = 2, it is possible to monitor the state of clogging and the like in the same procedure.

  According to the modified example, the load L in the hoppers 11, 21, 31 is clogged, and the belt conveyors 12, 22, 32 are stopped in response to a slight state, or the vibrators 14, 24, 34 are driven. In this way, it is possible to prevent a clogging and to realize an efficient operation of the transport system. In addition, by properly setting the height from the belt conveyor on which the contactors 13a, 23a, 33a are installed in the clogging detectors 13, 23, 33, the clogging taste is eliminated in response to changes in the load L. it can.

  As described above, the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-described embodiments and modifications thereof. However, the specific configuration is not limited to these, and the present invention can be applied even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is included in the range.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment and modification, the hopper transport unit has a plurality of stages, but it is of course possible to have only one stage.

  Moreover, although the form which employ | adopted the thing of the paddle switch system was demonstrated as the clogging detectors 13,23,33, instead of crossing the belt conveyors 12,22,32 as shown to Fig.7 (a) instead. Alternatively, it is possible to employ a photoelectric tube type clogging detector in which the light emitting portion 51 of the photoelectric tube switch is disposed on one side and the light receiving portion 52 of the photoelectric tube switch capable of receiving light from the light emitting portion 51 is disposed on the other side. In this case, it is preferable that the load passing between the hoppers 11, 21, 31 and the belt conveyors 12, 22, 32 be measured in a non-contact manner by detecting the period in which the light blinks.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7B, an ultrasonic type clogging detector may be employed. That is, an ultrasonic transmission unit 53 is provided on one side of the belt conveyors 12, 22, and 32, and an ultrasonic reception unit 54 is installed on the other side facing the belt conveyor 12, 22, 32 so that the load is measured without contact. Is also possible.

  When the clogging detector shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) is installed in this way, each of the photoelectric tube type and ultrasonic type emitting / receiving units 51, 52 and emitting / receiving unit 53, The air supply means 55 for making the air curtain by injecting the compressed air to 54 may be attached. By always supplying compressed air, it is possible to avoid contamination of the particles of the load L due to the air curtain formed around the emitting / receiving units 51 and 52 and the emitting / receiving units 53 and 54.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment and modification, although it was the structure which installed the belt conveyors 12, 22, and 32 in the lower part of the hoppers 11, 21, 31, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, the hopper 11 which does not have a belt conveyor. , 21 and 31 can also be applied to a transport system. That is, each hopper 11a, 21a, 31a is arranged up and down, and, for example, a phototube light-emitting unit 51 and a phototube light-receiving unit 52 are installed on the lower outer side of each hopper 11a, 21a, 31a. The amount can be measured without contact. In this case, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which control is performed to determine the entire abnormality from the passing load amount of the load flowing down from the hoppers 11a, 21a, 31a at each stage.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment and modification, although the amount of the quantity (volume) of the load which passes a clogging detector was detected, instead of this, the belt conveyors 12 and 22 located under the hoppers 11 and 21 and 31 are detected. 32, a load sensor may be installed, the weight of the load L flowing down from the hopper may be measured, and the presence / absence of the load and the state of the clogging may be detected based on the measured weight value.

  In addition, the vibrators 14, 24, and 34 are installed in the hopper as the clogging removing means in the above modification, but high-pressure water or high-pressure air is injected into the hoppers 11, 21, and 31 to eliminate the state of clogging. It is also possible to adopt a configuration to do so.

  Moreover, it is also possible to install the clogging removing means employed in the modified example in the embodiment. As a result, the hoppers 11, 21, 31 that have caused the clogging are vibrated by the vibrators 14, 24, 34, or high-pressure water and high-pressure air are injected into the hopper so as to eliminate the clogging. It may be.

  In the industrial field having a hopper conveying means (belt conveyor) facility for conveying coal, gypsum, gravel, ore, wood chips, etc., the present invention is efficient when the hopper is clogged or has a clogged state. Therefore, the conveying means can be stopped to prevent the conveying means from being damaged, and can be used to smoothly eliminate the clogging.

It is a system configuration figure in an embodiment of the present invention. It is related with the clogging detector in the said embodiment, (a) is a side view, (b) is a front view. It is explanatory drawing explaining the detection of the load by the said clogging detector. It is a logic diagram of the embodiment. It is a flowchart in the said embodiment. It is a flowchart in the modification of the said embodiment. It is related with the modification of the said clogging detector, (a) is a photoelectric tube system, (b) is an ultrasonic system, (c) is a block diagram which shows the air supply mechanism of compressed air. It is a block diagram of the conveyance system comprised only with the hopper which does not have the belt conveyor in the other modification of the said embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

10, 20, 30 Hopper transport unit 11, 21, 31 Hopper 11a, 21a, 31a Hopper 12, 22, 32 Belt conveyor 13, 23, 33 Clogging detector 13a, 24a, 34a Contactor 14, 24, 34 Excitation 15, 25, 35 Drive means 16, 26, 36 Drive detector 40 Control device 41 Load detection unit 42 Conveyor drive detection unit 43 Clogging determination unit 44 Timer unit 45 Memory unit 46 Conveyor drive unit 47 Operation unit 51 Light emitting unit 52 Light receiver 53 Transmitter 54 Receiver 55 Compressed air supply means A Loader L Load

Claims (8)

  A hopper clogging prevention device that detects whether or not a clog is clogged in a hopper by a clogging detector installed in the hopper, wherein the clogging detector is installed outside the hopper, and the clogging detector An apparatus for preventing clogging of a hopper, characterized in that it is configured to detect on the outside of the hopper whether there is a load flowing out of the hopper.   Another hopper or transport means for receiving the load falling from the hopper is provided at the lower part of the hopper, and the load detector detects whether or not there is a load flowing through the other hopper or the transport means, When the clogging detector detects that no load is flowing (no load state), the hopper and the other hopper or the conveying means are stopped. The hopper clogging prevention device according to claim 1.   While the hopper transport unit that forms a pair with the hopper and the transport means is continuously arranged in the load transport direction, a clogging detector is installed outside the hopper of each hopper transport unit, and the upstream clogging is performed. The detector is configured to stop at least the upstream conveying means when the downstream clogging detector detects a no-load state after a predetermined time has elapsed since the detector detected the loaded state. The hopper clogging prevention device according to claim 1 or 2.   The clogging detector is formed so as to detect the amount of the load, and a clogging removing means is installed in the hopper, and the clogging detector detects a clogged state where the load is less than a predetermined amount. The hopper clogging prevention device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the clogging removing unit is operated when detected.   2. The clogging detector is configured to stop at least the operation of the upstream conveying unit when it is detected that the clogging state by the clogging removing unit is not eliminated. The hopper clogging prevention device according to any one of -4.   A paddle is installed in the hopper, and the paddle is activated only when the clogging detector detects a loaded condition on the conveying means, and the paddle is deactivated when a loaded condition is detected. The hopper clogging prevention device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the hopper clogging prevention device is configured to cause the hopper to clog.   A clogging detector that detects whether there is clogging from the outside of the hopper is installed outside each of the upstream hopper and the downstream hopper, and any of the clogging detectors clogs any of the hoppers. A method for preventing clogging of a hopper, characterized by stopping the transfer of a load when it is detected that the occurrence of the stagnation occurs.   The hoppers on both the upstream and downstream sides are provided with a clogging removal means, and when the clogging detector detects that the load is clogged, the clogging removal means of the hopper in the clogged state is operated. 8. The method for preventing clogging of a hopper according to claim 7, wherein when clogging is removed and the clogged state cannot be resolved, processing is performed assuming that clogging has occurred.

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