JP2009008009A - Refrigerating cycle device - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、膨張機を有する蒸気圧縮型の冷凍サイクル装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a vapor compression refrigeration cycle apparatus having an expander.
蒸気圧縮式の冷凍サイクル装置において、膨張機を圧縮機とは分離して構成するいわゆる分離型膨張機を用いた冷凍サイクル装置が非特許文献1に開示されている。 Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a refrigeration cycle apparatus using a so-called separation type expander in which a expander is separated from a compressor in a vapor compression refrigeration cycle apparatus.
図5は、非特許文献1に記載された従来の冷凍サイクル装置を示す構成図である。図5において、冷凍サイクル装置1は圧縮機21と放熱器16と膨張機22と蒸発器17とが順に接続されて構成されている。本冷凍サイクル装置に充填されている冷媒は、圧縮機21において低圧から高温高圧に圧縮され、放熱器16において空気や水と熱交換し低温に冷却され、膨張機22において高圧から低温低圧に膨張させ、蒸発器17において水または空気と熱交換し蒸発後に、圧縮機21で再び圧縮されることを繰り返す。膨張機22には冷媒の膨張エネルギーを回転運動に換える膨張機構と発電機を連結し、これによって動力を電力の形で回収することが出来て圧縮機の駆動エネルギーとして利用することで冷凍サイクルの効率を向上させることが出来る。
一般的に小型の冷凍機に備わった圧縮機に使用される気密端子は密閉容器に気密を保って溶接固定されている。この状態を図4を用いて説明する。図4は、従来の圧縮機の気密端子を密閉容器に取り付けた状態を示す断面図である。図4において、通常密閉容器内の圧力が大気圧よりも高いため取り付け構造としては密閉容器22bに設けた穴部に内部から気密端子22aを挿入し、テーパー状に広がった気密端子本体と密閉容器に設けた穴部の内面端を気密的に溶接して使用する。従って密閉容器の気密端子取り付け用穴の断面と気密端子の本体部の気密的に溶接された場所より外部にある微細な隙間22cが出来るが、通常は圧縮機外面には耐水性に優れた塗装が施してあり例え微細な隙間が充分に塗装されていなくても、圧縮機は使用時に周囲より温度が高く微細な隙間に水分が留まる可能性は小さく、一般的な気密端子取り付け構造として確立している。膨張機の気密端子も基本的には従来の圧縮機の気密端子と同様の取り付けが想定されるが、しかし分離型の膨張機を備えた冷凍サイクル装置では膨張機の温度が低温に維持されるため運転状況により膨張機表面に結露が発生する場合があり密閉容器の気密端子取り付け用穴の断面と気密端子の本体部の気密的に溶接された場所より外部にある微細な隙間に水分が滞留する可能性が高くたとえ耐水性のある塗装が施されていても常時水滴が存在する状況では密閉容器の発錆の可能性が高い。 In general, an airtight terminal used in a compressor provided in a small refrigerator is welded and fixed to a sealed container while keeping airtightness. This state will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where an airtight terminal of a conventional compressor is attached to a sealed container. In FIG. 4, since the pressure in the sealed container is usually higher than the atmospheric pressure, the airtight terminal 22a is inserted from the inside into the hole provided in the sealed container 22b as the mounting structure, and the hermetic terminal main body and the sealed container spread in a tapered shape. It is used by welding the inner end of the hole provided in the airtightly. Therefore, a fine gap 22c is formed outside the airtight terminal mounting hole cross section of the sealed container and the airtightly welded place of the airtight terminal main body, but the outer surface of the compressor is usually coated with excellent water resistance. Even if the fine gap is not sufficiently painted, the compressor is less likely to retain moisture in the fine gap due to its higher temperature than the surroundings, and it has been established as a general airtight terminal mounting structure. ing. The expansion terminal's airtight terminal is basically assumed to be installed in the same manner as the conventional compressor's airtight terminal, but the temperature of the expander is maintained at a low temperature in a refrigeration cycle apparatus equipped with a separate expander. For this reason, condensation may occur on the surface of the expander depending on the operating conditions, and moisture will remain in the minute gap outside the cross section of the airtight terminal mounting hole of the hermetic container and the airtight terminal main part of the airtight terminal. Even if a water-resistant coating is applied, there is a high possibility of rusting in a closed container in the situation where water droplets are always present.
本発明はかかる点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは密閉容器の結露による発錆を防止できる信頼性の高い膨張機を備えた冷凍サイクル装置を提供することにある。 This invention is made | formed in view of this point, The place made into the objective is providing the refrigerating-cycle apparatus provided with the reliable expander which can prevent the rusting by the dew condensation of an airtight container.
前記従来の課題を解決するために、本発明の冷凍サイクル装置は、圧縮機構部と電動機部とを収納し電気を伝える気密端子を備え防錆塗装を施した圧縮機用密閉容器で構成された圧縮機と、前記圧縮機により圧縮された冷媒を冷却するための放熱器と、膨張機構部と発電機部を収納し電気を伝える気密端子を備え防錆塗装を施した膨張機用密閉容器で構成された膨張機と、前記膨張機により膨張された冷媒を蒸発させるための蒸発器と、これら
の間に冷媒を循環させる冷媒配管を有する冷凍サイクル装置であって、前記膨張機の気密端子と膨張機用密閉容器の接合部に防水処置を施したことにより、密閉容器の結露による発錆を防止できるものである。
In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the present invention is composed of a hermetic container for a compressor, which has a compression mechanism portion and an electric motor portion, and has an airtight terminal for transmitting electricity and is subjected to rust prevention coating. A compressor, a radiator for cooling the refrigerant compressed by the compressor, an expansion container and an airtight terminal for storing electricity and containing an expansion mechanism and a generator, and a sealed container for an expander having a rust-proof coating A refrigeration cycle apparatus having a configured expander, an evaporator for evaporating a refrigerant expanded by the expander, and a refrigerant pipe for circulating the refrigerant between the expander, an airtight terminal of the expander, and By applying a waterproof treatment to the joint of the expander sealed container, rusting due to condensation of the sealed container can be prevented.
本発明の冷凍サイクル装置は、圧縮機と膨張機をそれぞれの密閉容器に収納した分離型膨張機において、密閉容器の結露による発錆を防止し信頼性を確保しながら、高効率な冷凍サイクル装置を提供することが出来る。 The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present invention is a separate type expander in which a compressor and an expander are housed in respective sealed containers. The refrigeration cycle apparatus is a highly efficient refrigeration cycle apparatus while preventing rusting due to dew condensation in the sealed container and ensuring reliability. Can be provided.
第1の発明は圧縮機構部と電動機部とを収納し電気を伝える気密端子を備え防錆塗装を施した圧縮機用密閉容器で構成された圧縮機と、前記圧縮機により圧縮された冷媒を冷却するための放熱器と、膨張機構部と発電機部を収納し電気を伝える気密端子を備え防錆塗装を施した膨張機用密閉容器で構成された膨張機と、前記膨張機により膨張された冷媒を蒸発させるための蒸発器と、これらの間に冷媒を循環させる冷媒配管を有する冷凍サイクル装置であって、前記膨張機の気密端子と密閉容器の接合部で外気に接する部分に防水処置を施したことにより例え膨張機表面が結露した場合でも機密端子と膨張機密閉容器間の微小隙間に水分が滞留することなく、さびの発生が防止できる信頼性の高い冷凍サイクル装置を提供できる。 1st invention accommodates the compressor compressed with the compressor comprised by the airtight terminal which accommodated the compression mechanism part and the motor part, and was equipped with the airtight terminal which transmits electricity, and gave antirust coating, and the said compressor An expander composed of a heatsink for cooling, an expansion mechanism section and a generator section, an airtight terminal for transmitting electricity, and a rust preventive coating hermetically sealed container for the expander, and expanded by the expander A refrigerating cycle apparatus having an evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant and a refrigerant pipe for circulating the refrigerant between them, and a waterproof treatment is applied to a portion in contact with the outside air at the joint between the hermetic terminal of the expander and the sealed container Even if the surface of the expander is condensed due to the application of moisture, it is possible to provide a highly reliable refrigeration cycle apparatus capable of preventing the occurrence of rust without moisture remaining in the minute gap between the secret terminal and the expander sealed container.
第2の発明は特に第1の発明の膨張機の気密端子と膨張機用密閉容器の接合部を外部から気密的に溶接したことにより膨張機容器と気密端子間の微小隙間を外部空間からの水分を遮断できるため例え膨張機表面に結露が発生しても内部の結露を防止できて、さびの発生が防止できる信頼性の高い冷凍サイクル装置を提供できる。 According to the second aspect of the invention, in particular, the joint between the hermetic terminal of the expander and the hermetic container for the expander of the first invention is hermetically welded from the outside, so that a minute gap between the expander container and the hermetic terminal is removed from the external space. Since moisture can be cut off, even if condensation occurs on the surface of the expander, internal condensation can be prevented, and a highly reliable refrigeration cycle apparatus that can prevent rust can be provided.
第3の発明は特に第1の発明の膨張機の気密端子と膨張機用密閉容器の接合部の隙間に外部から樹脂系の防水充填材を充填したことにより例え膨張機表面が結露した場合でも機密端子と膨張機密閉容器間の微小隙間に水分が滞留することなく、さびの発生が防止できる信頼性の高い冷凍サイクル装置を提供できる。 Even if the surface of the expander is condensed, for example, the third aspect of the present invention is the case where the surface of the expander is particularly condensed by filling the gap between the airtight terminal of the expander of the first invention and the sealed container for the expander with a resin-based waterproof filler. It is possible to provide a highly reliable refrigeration cycle apparatus capable of preventing the generation of rust without moisture remaining in the minute gap between the secret terminal and the expander sealed container.
第4の発明は特に第1の発明の膨張機の気密端子と膨張機用密閉容器の接合部の隙間に外部から非硬化樹脂系の防水充填材を充填したことにより冷凍システムの運転状況の変化による膨張機密閉容器内部の圧力が大きく変動しても充填材の剥れが防止でき、例え膨張機表面が結露した場合でも機密端子と膨張機密閉容器間の微小隙間に水分が滞留することなく、さびの発生が防止できる信頼性の高い冷凍サイクル装置を提供できる。 The fourth aspect of the invention is a change in the operating condition of the refrigeration system by filling the non-cured resin waterproof filler from the outside into the gap between the airtight terminal of the expander of the first aspect and the expander sealed container. Even if the pressure inside the expander sealed container fluctuates greatly, peeling of the filler can be prevented, and even if the expander surface is condensed, moisture does not stay in the minute gap between the confidential terminal and the expander sealed container. In addition, a highly reliable refrigeration cycle apparatus that can prevent the occurrence of rust can be provided.
第5の発明は、特に、第1〜第4のいずれか1つの発明の、冷媒を、高圧冷媒、例えば二酸化炭素としたものである。これによって、フロンを冷媒とした冷凍空調機に比べて膨張過程での絞り損失が大きい二酸化炭素冷媒を用いた機器においても高効率化が図れるので、地球環境を破壊することなく冷凍効率の高い冷凍サイクル装置を提供することができる。 In the fifth invention, in particular, the refrigerant of any one of the first to fourth inventions is a high-pressure refrigerant, for example, carbon dioxide. As a result, high efficiency can be achieved even in equipment using carbon dioxide refrigerant, which has a large throttle loss in the expansion process compared to refrigeration air conditioners that use chlorofluorocarbon as a refrigerant. Therefore, refrigeration with high refrigeration efficiency without destroying the global environment A cycle device can be provided.
第6の発明は、特に、第5の発明の、潤滑油としてポリアルキレングリコールを主成分とする潤滑油を用いたものである。これによって、二酸化炭素とポリアルキレングリコールは相溶性が低いので、密閉容器内の潤滑油の液面は冷媒が溶け込むことによる上昇を少なく抑えることができるので、定常運転時の潤滑油の循環率を小さくすることができる。結果として、放熱器や蒸発器の性能を高めることができるので、より高効率な冷凍サイクル装置を提供することができる。 In particular, the sixth invention uses the lubricating oil of the fifth invention mainly composed of polyalkylene glycol. As a result, since carbon dioxide and polyalkylene glycol have low compatibility, the liquid level of the lubricating oil in the hermetic container can be restrained from rising due to the refrigerant being melted, so the circulation rate of the lubricating oil during steady operation can be reduced. Can be small. As a result, since the performance of the radiator and the evaporator can be improved, a more efficient refrigeration cycle apparatus can be provided.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、この実施の
形態によって本発明が限定されるものではない。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this embodiment.
(実施の形態1)
図1は、本発明の第1の実施の形態における冷凍サイクル装置を示す構成図である。図2は本発明の第1の実施の形態における膨張機の密閉容器と気密端子部の接合部詳細断面を示す図である。図1において圧縮機構部21eと電動機部21fと密閉容器21bから構成される圧縮機21と、圧縮機21により圧縮された冷媒を冷却するための放熱器16と、膨張機構部22eと電動機部22fと密閉容器22bから構成される膨張機22と、膨張機22により膨張された冷媒を蒸発させるための蒸発器17と、これらの間に冷媒を循環させる冷媒配管11を有する冷凍サイクル装置1である。膨張機22で発生した電力を外部に取り出すための気密端子22aが膨張機用密閉容器22bに溶接固定されている。図2において気密端子22aの取り付けは膨張機の内部圧力に耐えるため膨張機密閉容器に設けた固定用孔22b1に内部から差し込まれ、固定用孔の内部角22b2と気密端子本体スカート部22a1で機密を保ちながら溶接固定されている。また密閉容器全体は防錆塗装が施してある。さらに、膨張機密閉容器の固定用孔外部角部22b3と気密端子本体部分が溶接固定されている。
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a detailed cross section of the joint between the hermetically sealed container and the airtight terminal part of the expander according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a compressor 21 composed of a compression mechanism 21e, an electric motor 21f and a sealed container 21b, a radiator 16 for cooling the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 21, an expansion mechanism 22e and an electric motor 22f. The refrigerating cycle apparatus 1 includes an expander 22 composed of a closed container 22b, an evaporator 17 for evaporating the refrigerant expanded by the expander 22, and a refrigerant pipe 11 for circulating the refrigerant therebetween. . An airtight terminal 22a for taking out the electric power generated in the expander 22 is fixed to the expander sealed container 22b by welding. In FIG. 2, in order to withstand the internal pressure of the expander, the airtight terminal 22a is inserted from the inside into a fixing hole 22b1 provided in the expander hermetic container. It is fixed while welding. The entire sealed container is rust-proofed. Further, the fixing hole external corner 22b3 and the airtight terminal main body portion of the expander hermetic container are fixed by welding.
(実施の形態2)
図3は、本発明の第2の実施の形態における膨張機の密閉容器22bと気密端子部22aの接合部詳細断面を示す図である。図3において、膨張機の密閉容器の固定用孔22b1と気密端子22aでできる微小隙間22cは耐水樹脂22dで充填されている。
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 is a view showing a detailed cross section of the joint portion between the hermetically sealed container 22b and the airtight terminal portion 22a of the expander according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, a minute gap 22c formed by the fixing hole 22b1 and the airtight terminal 22a of the hermetically sealed container of the expander is filled with a water resistant resin 22d.
膨張機の密閉容器の固定用孔22bと気密端子22aでできる微小隙間22cは非硬化樹脂系の耐水樹脂22dで充填したことにより冷凍システムの運転状況の変化による膨張機密閉容器内部の圧力が大きく変動しても充填材の剥れが防止でき、例え膨張機表面が結露した場合でも機密端子と膨張機密閉容器間の微小隙間に水分が滞留することなく、さびの発生が防止できる信頼性の高い冷凍サイクル装置を提供できる。 Since the microscopic gap 22c formed by the fixing hole 22b and the airtight terminal 22a of the expander hermetic container is filled with the non-curing resin-based water-resistant resin 22d, the pressure inside the expander hermetic container due to a change in the operating condition of the refrigeration system is increased. Even if it fluctuates, the peeling of the filler can be prevented, and even if the surface of the expander is condensed, moisture does not stay in the minute gap between the confidential terminal and the expander sealed container, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of rust. A high refrigeration cycle apparatus can be provided.
なお、冷媒を、高圧冷媒、例えば二酸化炭素とした場合には、フロンを冷媒とした冷凍空調機に比べて膨張過程での絞り損失が大きい。この場合において、膨張機22の信頼性を高めて運転できる本構成を用いれば、二酸化炭素冷媒を用いても機器の高効率化が図れるので、地球環境を破壊することなく冷凍効率の高い冷凍サイクル装置を提供することができる。 When the refrigerant is a high-pressure refrigerant, for example, carbon dioxide, the throttle loss in the expansion process is larger than that of a refrigeration air conditioner using Freon as the refrigerant. In this case, if this configuration that can be operated with increased reliability of the expander 22 is used, the efficiency of the device can be improved even if carbon dioxide refrigerant is used, so that the refrigeration cycle having high refrigeration efficiency without destroying the global environment. An apparatus can be provided.
なお、潤滑油としてポリアルキレングリコールを主成分とする潤滑油を用いた場合には、二酸化炭素とポリアルキレングリコールは相溶性が低いので、冷媒の溶け込みによる密閉容器内の潤滑油の油面の上昇を抑えることができるので、運転条件や圧力によって潤滑油溜りの油面変化を少なくすることが出来る。よって、相溶性が高い潤滑油の場合に想定される、圧縮機21と膨張機22のどちらの潤滑油溜り21d、22dの油面も上昇して密閉容器外で循環する潤滑油の総量が増えて、放熱器16や蒸発器17の性能を低下させるといった問題を回避することができるので、より高効率な冷凍サイクル装置を提供することができる。 In addition, when a lubricating oil mainly composed of polyalkylene glycol is used as the lubricating oil, carbon dioxide and polyalkylene glycol have low compatibility, so the oil level of the lubricating oil in the sealed container increases due to the melting of the refrigerant. Therefore, the oil level change of the lubricating oil pool can be reduced depending on the operating conditions and pressure. Therefore, the total amount of the lubricating oil circulated outside the sealed container is increased by raising the oil level of the lubricating oil reservoirs 21d and 22d of both the compressor 21 and the expander 22, which is assumed in the case of a highly compatible lubricating oil. Thus, the problem of reducing the performance of the radiator 16 and the evaporator 17 can be avoided, so that a more efficient refrigeration cycle apparatus can be provided.
以上のように、本発明にかかる冷凍サイクル装置は、圧縮機構部と電動機部とを収納し電気を伝える気密端子を備え防錆塗装を施した圧縮機用密閉容器で構成された圧縮機と、前記圧縮機により圧縮された冷媒を冷却するための放熱器と、膨張機構部と発電機部を収納し電気を伝える気密端子を備え防錆塗装を施した膨張機用密閉容器で構成された膨張機と、前記膨張機により膨張された冷媒を蒸発させるための蒸発器と、これらの間に冷媒を循環させる冷媒配管を有する冷凍サイクル装置であって、前記膨張機の気密端子と密閉容
器の接合部で外気に接する部分に防水処置を施したことを特徴とする冷凍サイクル装置であってこれによって、膨張機の気密端子と膨張機の密閉容器の間にできる微小隙間での結露を防止することができ、高い信頼性を確保する冷凍サイクル装置を提供することができる。空調機、給湯機、カークーラー等の冷凍サイクル装置の用途に適応できる。また、圧縮機及び膨張機としては、縦置きの高圧型スクロールタイプで説明してきたが、回転軸が水平となる横置き型の圧縮機または膨張機や、密閉容器内の圧力が圧縮機吸入側の圧力と等しい低圧型の圧縮機及び膨張機にも同様に適用可能である。また圧縮機構または膨張機構としてレシプロタイプ、スクリュータイプ、ベーンロータリタイプ、ローリングピストンタイプ、スイングピストンタイプ等のさまざまな様式に用いても同様に適応可能である。
As described above, the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present invention includes a compressor composed of a hermetic container for a compressor having an airtight terminal that houses a compression mechanism portion and an electric motor portion and transmits electricity, and has been subjected to rust prevention coating, Expansion composed of a radiator for cooling the refrigerant compressed by the compressor and an airtight container for an expander that has an airtight terminal that houses an expansion mechanism part and a generator part and that conducts electricity and has been subjected to rust prevention coating. A refrigeration cycle apparatus having an air conditioner, an evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant expanded by the expander, and a refrigerant pipe for circulating the refrigerant between them, wherein the airtight terminal of the expander and the sealed container are joined This is a refrigeration cycle apparatus characterized in that a waterproof treatment is applied to a portion that comes into contact with the outside air, thereby preventing condensation in a minute gap formed between the airtight terminal of the expander and the closed container of the expander Can be expensive It is possible to provide a refrigeration cycle device for securing a-reliability. Applicable to refrigeration cycle devices such as air conditioners, water heaters, car coolers. In addition, as a compressor and an expander, the vertical high pressure type scroll type has been described. However, a horizontal type compressor or expander in which the rotation axis is horizontal, or the pressure in the sealed container is the compressor suction side. The present invention can be similarly applied to a low-pressure compressor and an expander having the same pressure as the above. Further, the present invention can be similarly applied to various types such as a reciprocating type, a screw type, a vane rotary type, a rolling piston type, and a swing piston type as a compression mechanism or an expansion mechanism.
1 冷凍サイクル
11 冷媒配管
16 放熱器
17 蒸発器
21 圧縮機
21a 圧縮機用気密端子
21b 圧縮機用密閉容器
21e 圧縮機機構部
21f 圧縮機電動機部
22 膨張機
22a 膨張機用気密端子
22a1 膨張機用気密端子スカート部
22a2 膨張機用気密端子
22b 膨張機用密閉容器
22b1 膨張機用密閉容器固定用孔
22b2 膨張機用密閉容器固定用孔の内部角
22b3 膨張機用密閉容器固定用孔の外部角
22c 微少隙間
22d 充填材
22e 圧縮機機構部
22f 圧縮機電動機部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Refrigeration cycle 11 Refrigerant piping 16 Radiator 17 Evaporator 21 Compressor 21a Compressor airtight terminal 21b Compressor sealed container 21e Compressor mechanism part 21f Compressor motor part 22 Expander 22a Expander airtight terminal 22a1 For expander Airtight terminal skirt portion 22a2 Airtight terminal for expander 22b Airtight container for expander 22b1 Airtight container fixing hole for expander 22b2 Internal angle of expander hermetic container fixing hole 22b3 External angle of expander airtight container fixing hole 22c Minute gap 22d Filler 22e Compressor mechanism 22f Compressor motor
Claims (6)
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