JP2009004362A - Battery pack and secondary battery - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a battery pack capable of effectively preventing fire spreading or heating of a battery, extinguishing ignition of the battery, being constituted compact, and increasing the volume energy density. <P>SOLUTION: A spacer 52 interposed between two or more batteries constituting the battery pack has cavities, a filling agent having fire-extinguishing capability is filled in the cavities, and an opening can be formed, in at least a portion (a low-melting point portion 14) of the spacer 52 by heating so that the filling agent can flow out of the spacer. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to an assembled battery including a plurality of batteries, and more particularly, to an assembled battery that is light and safe, excellent in high load characteristics, and highly reliable.
The present invention also relates to a secondary battery, and more particularly to a secondary battery that has excellent heat dissipation and high reliability.

  For example, a power source for power mounted on a robot, an electric vehicle, or the like is hermetically sealed in a limited space, so that it is desired to be small and light and low cost. In recent years, lithium ion batteries having a high energy density have attracted attention as satisfying such demands. In order to obtain a high output, this lithium ion battery is used as an assembled battery by connecting a large number of batteries, for example, about 5 or 6 cells to about 10 or more cells in series or parallel.

  Here, when charging and discharging the lithium ion battery, the battery temperature may rise. At this time, if the assembled battery is configured with the side surfaces of the batteries being in close contact with each other, the heat dissipation of the battery is reduced. Insufficient battery temperature rises, resulting in the risk of battery ignition and explosion.

  For this reason, a method of improving the heat dissipation of the battery by inserting a metal spacer between adjacent batteries and increasing the contact area between the atmosphere and the battery is also known. However, since the metal spacer has a large specific gravity, the mass energy density of the assembled battery using the spacer is reduced.

  On the other hand, if a spacer made of resin or rubber is used, the energy density of the assembled battery is not lowered as much as when a metal spacer is used, but on the other hand, ignition occurs in a part of the assembled battery. Then, since this spacer also burns, fire spread occurs in the assembled battery.

  Therefore, it is possible to prevent the spread of the battery without lowering the energy density of the assembled battery by forming the spacer with a material containing at least a material having either a flame-retardant property or a self-extinguishing property. An assembled battery is disclosed in Patent Document 1 below.

  In addition, it is a module in which a plurality of batteries are stored in a heat insulating container in a plane, and the upper space is filled with an insulating material such as dry sand. A module configured such that dry sand or the like in the space pours into the battery body in the lower space and extinguishes the fire is disclosed in Patent Document 2 below.

  Furthermore, paraffin is filled between the secondary batteries in the battery case in which a plurality of secondary batteries are housed and between the battery case inner wall and the secondary battery, thereby absorbing the latent heat when the paraffin is melted. The following Patent Document 3 discloses that the battery is prevented from being heated above the temperature at which the secondary battery deteriorates.

JP 2000-67825 A JP-A-8-339823 JP 2006-261209 A

  However, in the case of a spacer having a flame retardancy and a self-extinguishing property as disclosed in Patent Document 1, the spacer does not have a fire extinguishing property even though it is possible to prevent the fire from spreading. Therefore, once the battery is ignited, it will continue to burn without being extinguished.

  Further, as disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3, when the space in the module or battery case is filled with dry sand or paraffin, the module or battery case has only the space for filling the dry sand or paraffin. Therefore, there is a problem that the volume energy density of the assembled battery is lowered.

Therefore, the present invention can effectively prevent the spread and heating of a battery, and can also extinguish a battery that has ignited, and can be configured compactly and has a high volumetric energy density. The purpose is to provide.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a secondary battery that is excellent in heat dissipation and can effectively prevent a temperature rise of the battery.

  In order to achieve the above object, the assembled battery according to the present invention includes a plurality of batteries connected in series or in parallel, and the plurality of batteries arranged with a heat insulating or heat radiating spacer interposed therebetween. The assembled battery, wherein the spacer has a lumen, the filler is filled with a fire-extinguishing filler, and at least a part of the spacer is opened by heat, so that the filler is externally provided. It is possible to flow into

  According to the above configuration, when the battery temperature rises in a normal battery use state, heat insulation or heat dissipation is performed by the spacer in which the filler is loaded in the lumen, thereby preventing the battery temperature from further rising. Furthermore, even when abnormal heat generation occurs in any of the plurality of batteries, at least a part of the spacer is opened by heat, and the filler flows out to the outside, so that the lumen of the spacer becomes a cavity. Thus, an air layer is formed, and the air layer is further effectively insulated, so that abnormal heat generation is reliably prevented from propagating to other batteries. Further, since the filler has fire extinguishing properties, even if any of the plurality of batteries ignites, the spread of fire is prevented by the spacer loaded with the filler having fire extinguishing properties. Furthermore, at this time, the fire-extinguishing filler flows out to the outside and is sprayed to the ignition location to extinguish the fire.

  In addition, since the spacer has an inner cavity, the spacer can be made light even if it is made of metal, and in particular if it is made of resin or rubber, it can be made lighter. It does not reduce the mass energy density.

Further, since the spacer is filled with a fire-extinguishing filler, it is not necessary to secure a separate space for the filler outside the spacer. The density can be increased.
In addition, as a filler having fire extinguishing properties, non-flammable liquid such as water, nonflammable gas such as carbon dioxide, in addition to fire extinguishing agents generally used such as ammonium dihydrogen phosphate described later, Some contain non-combustible powders.

The spacer may be made of a flammable resin.
In this invention, since it was set as the structure which loads the filler which has fire extinguishing property to a spacer, even if a spacer consists of combustible resin, a fire spread can be prevented with this filler. Or rather, the spacer is made of a flammable resin, so that when ignition occurs, the spacer burns and the internal filler flows out, and the filler extinguishes the fire. In addition, as the flammable resin, a general-purpose resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene can be used, so that the spacer can be manufactured at low cost and the workability can be improved.

It is desirable that a low melting point portion made of a material having a melting point lower than the melting point of the material constituting the spacer is formed in a part of the spacer.
For example, when the spacer is made of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET), these melting points are about 105 to 150 ° C for PE, about 150 to 180 ° C for PP, and PET. A low melting point portion made of a low melting point material such as a metal having a melting point of about 250 to 280 ° C. and lower than these melting points, for example, less than about 150 ° C., particularly preferably about 70 to 80 ° C. is formed in a part of the spacer. In this case, when the battery generates heat and the temperature rises to about 70 to 150 ° C., the low melting point portion melts to form an opening, and the internal filler flows out from the opening. Therefore, a spacer that can be opened by heat and allow the internal filler to flow out can be obtained by a simple configuration in which the low melting point portion is formed in a part of the spacer. Moreover, the outflow position of the filler can be restricted to a desired position by appropriately selecting the formation position of the low melting point portion.
If the melting point of the low melting point part is excessively low, the low melting point part will open and the filler will flow out at the stage where the battery has not yet heated abnormally and is in normal use, while the low melting point part If the melting point of is excessively high, the filler may not flow out even if abnormal heat generation or heat generation occurs and heat insulation or fire extinguishing may not be performed. Therefore, specifically, the melting point of the low melting point is, for example, 70 to 150 ° C., particularly preferably 100 to 120 ° C.

  Examples of the metal constituting the low melting point include the alloys listed in Table 1.

  Any of the alloys 1 to 25 listed in Table 1 can be used as the metal constituting the low melting point portion, and among these, alloys 4 to 22 are desirable from the viewpoint of the melting temperature.

For example, when the spacer is made of a resin having a relatively high melting point such as PET (melting point of about 250 to 280 ° C.), the low melting point part may be made of a resin having a melting point lower than this. Examples of the resin constituting the low melting point portion include a thermoplastic fluororesin having a melting point of about 120 ° C. or higher (Dyneon manufactured by Sumitomo 3M), a low density polyethylene having a melting point of about 110 ° C. or higher (Sunfine manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation), etc. ) And the like.
In this way, the low melting point portion is also made of resin, whereby the assembled battery can be made lighter and cheaper.

The low melting point portion is preferably formed at a plurality of locations having different height positions.
According to the above configuration, the filler loaded up to a higher position flows out to the outside by the upper low melting point portion, and flows downward. Fire extinguishing (initial fire extinguishing) is performed, and then the remaining filler flows out to the outside through the lower low melting point portion, thereby secondary fire extinguishing is performed. In this way, fire extinguishing can be performed more effectively by causing the filler to flow out at a plurality of height positions to perform fire extinguishing.
In particular, in a battery, since it is considered that abnormal heat generation or ignition is most likely to occur in the central portion, a low melting point portion is formed at least at a position higher than the central portion so that the filler flows out to the central portion. Thus, fire extinguishing efficiency can be improved.
In this case, by setting the melting point of the upper low melting point portion lower than that of the lower low melting point portion, the filler can be sequentially discharged from the upper low melting point portion as described above. .

Further, it is desirable to provide a receiving tray for collecting the filler that has flowed out of the spacer.
According to the said structure, the fire extinguishing by a filler is made more effective. In other words, the fire is extinguished while the filler flows out of the spacer, and the battery is immersed in the filler collected in the tray, so that the fire is more reliably extinguished. The tray also has a function of preventing the leaked filler from leaking out of the assembled battery.

The tray is preferably divided into a plurality of pieces.
According to the above configuration, for example, the plurality of batteries constituting the assembled battery and the whole spacer are divided into a plurality of members in each of the divided members in a state where these members are divided into several portions. By providing a saucer, for example, if any of the batteries that make up the assembled battery ignites, it is concentrated and filled in the divided parts of the saucer provided at the position corresponding to this battery. Since the agent is collected, the fired battery is further immersed (ie, more deeply), so that the fire extinguishing efficiency is further improved.
In this case, each of the plurality of batteries constituting the assembled battery may be provided with a divided piece of the tray, but each of the batteries may be provided with a divided piece of the tray. desirable.

It is desirable that ribs extending in the vertical direction are formed on the surface of the spacer that contacts the battery.
According to the said structure, a space | gap is formed in the both sides of a rib, This space | gap becomes a conduction path of a filler, and it becomes a structure where a filler can flow more reliably by this. In addition, when the battery generates heat, this gap becomes a heat dissipation path, and thereby heat is radiated more effectively. In particular, since the battery is in contact with the front and back surfaces of the spacer in a pressed state, the front and back surfaces are smooth surfaces, and the gaps are formed by the ribs as described above rather than the spacer and the battery are in close contact with each other. In the state where it is in contact with the formed state, the filler can flow down more easily, and heat dissipation is also easier.

It is desirable that the spacer has a softness capable of contracting in a pressurized state and constitutes at least a part of a bag-like body in which each battery can be loaded.
According to the said structure, when a spacer opens, it can be made to flow out effectively by shrink | contracting with a pressure and squeezing out an internal filler. In addition, when a ridge-like unevenness is formed on the surface of the spacer as the spacer contracts, the unevenness can exhibit a function similar to the rib described above. Furthermore, since the spacer constitutes at least a part of the bag-like body into which each battery can be loaded, the bag-like body can also function as a receiving tray for collecting the spilled filler, and thereby more effective. Can be extinguished. That is, the filler that has flowed out of the spacer is stored inside the bag-like body, and the battery is more reliably immersed in the stored filler, thereby more effectively extinguishing the fire.

It is desirable that a heat conductive material layer is formed between the spacer and the battery.
According to the above configuration, since the heat conductive material layer is interposed between the spacer and the battery, heat conduction from the battery to the spacer is promoted, and heat is radiated more efficiently. Is suppressed.
Also, when assembling the assembled battery, especially when the battery is packaged with a flexible outer package such as a laminate film, the surface of the outer package is easily affected by mechanical impacts associated with the operation. However, the thermal conductive material layer protects the battery from mechanical impacts and the like, and the damage is suppressed.

The heat conductive material layer is preferably made of a gel material.
The heat conductive material layer may be made of a material having excellent heat conductivity, such as metal or carbon fiber. For example, if a gap is formed between the spacer and the battery, the heat conductive material layer is thermally conductive by the air layer. It is also possible that the damage will be lost. On the other hand, if the heat conductive material layer is made of a gel substance, the air layer is difficult to be formed because of excellent adhesion to the spacer and the battery, and therefore heat conduction is more effectively promoted to dissipate heat. In addition to this, the battery is more reliably protected from mechanical shock and the like. In addition, when the battery is packaged with a flexible outer package such as a laminate film, the battery is easily deformed during handling, and the battery also changes in volume due to charge / discharge, but changes somewhat. If the heat conductive material layer is a gel-like substance, the battery can follow such deformation of the battery, so that the heat conductive material layer can be easily formed and cracking occurs due to the battery deformation. There is nothing.

The heat conductive material layer is preferably composed of a gel sheet.
When the heat conductive material layer is made of a gel material as described above, for example, the heat conductive material layer is formed by applying a paste made of a gel material on the spacer or the surface of the battery. However, if the heat conductive material layer is formed of a gel-like sheet, it is easy to handle, and the heat conductive material layer can be formed simply by inserting between the spacer and the battery. Therefore, workability in manufacturing the assembled battery can be improved.

The heat conductive material layer is preferably composed mainly of silicone.
The substance constituting the thermally conductive material layer is not particularly limited as long as it has the necessary thermal conductivity, but those having silicone as the main component have good thermal conductivity, and are inexpensive and easy to use. It can be obtained.

It is desirable that the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive material layer is 6 to 10 W / m · K.
When the thermal conductivity of the heat conductive material layer is 6 W / m · K or more, heat conduction by the heat conductive material layer is sufficiently performed and a heat dissipation effect is improved, while the heat conductive material layer When the thermal conductivity is 10 W / m · K or less, the thermal conductive material layer can be easily formed.

The thickness of the heat conductive material layer is preferably 0.5 to 3 mm.
When the thickness of the thermally conductive material layer is 0.5 mm or more, it is possible to sufficiently ensure the characteristics of the thermally conductive material layer such as thermal conductivity and impact resistance. On the other hand, when the thickness of the heat conductive material layer is 3 mm or less, the heat conductive material layer occupies more space than necessary to reduce the volume energy density of the battery. The conductive material layer becomes thicker than necessary and the thermal conductivity does not decrease.

  The assembled battery according to the present invention is an assembled battery in which a plurality of batteries are connected in series or in parallel, and the plurality of batteries are arranged with a heat insulating or heat radiating spacer interposed therebetween. A thermal conductive material layer is formed between the spacer and the battery.

According to the assembled battery having the above configuration (hereinafter also referred to as “second assembled battery”), since the heat conductive material layer is interposed between the spacer and the battery, the heat conduction from the battery to the spacer is promoted. Heat is efficiently dissipated, thereby suppressing deterioration of the battery due to temperature rise.
Also, when assembling the assembled battery, especially when the battery is packaged with a flexible outer package such as a laminate film, the surface of the outer package is easily affected by mechanical impacts associated with the operation. However, the thermal conductive material layer protects the battery from mechanical impacts and the like, and the damage is suppressed.

In the second assembled battery, it is preferable that the thermally conductive material layer is made of a gel substance.
The heat conductive material layer may be made of a material having excellent heat conductivity, such as metal or carbon fiber. For example, if a gap is formed between the spacer and the battery, the heat conductive material layer is thermally conductive by the air layer. It is also possible that the damage will be lost. On the other hand, if the heat conductive material layer is made of a gel substance, the air layer is difficult to be formed because of excellent adhesion to the spacer and the battery, and therefore heat conduction is more effectively promoted to dissipate heat. In addition to this, the battery is more reliably protected from mechanical shock and the like. In addition, when the battery is packaged with a flexible outer package such as a laminate film, the battery is easily deformed during handling, and the battery also changes in volume due to charge / discharge, but changes somewhat. If the heat conductive material layer is a gel-like substance, the battery can follow such deformation of the battery, so that the heat conductive material layer can be easily formed and cracking occurs due to the battery deformation. There is nothing.

In the second assembled battery, it is preferable that the thermally conductive material layer is formed of a gel sheet.
When the heat conductive material layer is made of a gel material as described above, for example, the heat conductive material layer is formed by applying a paste made of a gel material on the spacer or the surface of the battery. However, if the heat conductive material layer is formed of a gel-like sheet, it is easy to handle, and the heat conductive material layer can be formed simply by inserting between the spacer and the battery. Therefore, workability in manufacturing the assembled battery can be improved.

In the second assembled battery, it is preferable that the thermally conductive material layer is composed mainly of silicone.
The substance constituting the thermally conductive material layer is not particularly limited as long as it has the necessary thermal conductivity, but those having silicone as the main component have good thermal conductivity, and are inexpensive and easy to use. Can be obtained.

In the second assembled battery, it is desirable that the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive material layer is 6 to 10 W / m · K.
When the thermal conductivity of the heat conductive material layer is 6 W / m · K or more, heat conduction by the heat conductive material layer is sufficiently performed and a heat dissipation effect is improved, while the heat conductive material layer When the thermal conductivity is 10 W / m · K or less, the thermal conductive material layer can be easily formed.

In the second assembled battery, it is preferable that a thickness of the thermally conductive material layer is 0.5 to 3 mm.
When the thickness of the thermally conductive material layer is 0.5 mm or more, it is possible to sufficiently ensure the characteristics of the thermally conductive material layer such as thermal conductivity and impact resistance. On the other hand, when the thickness of the heat conductive material layer is 3 mm or less, the heat conductive material layer occupies more space than necessary to reduce the volume energy density of the battery. The conductive material layer becomes thicker than necessary and the thermal conductivity does not decrease.

  The secondary battery according to the present invention is a secondary battery packaged in a flexible outer package, and a thermally conductive material layer made of a gel material is formed on the surface of the outer package. It is characterized by.

According to the above configuration, since the heat conductive material layer made of the gel material is formed on the surface of the outer package of the battery, the heat dissipation from the battery is promoted, and thereby the secondary battery is deteriorated due to the temperature rise. It is suppressed.
In addition, in the case of a battery packaged with a flexible outer package such as a laminate film, the surface of the outer package is easily damaged due to mechanical scratches caused by transportation, use, handling, etc. However, the heat conductive material layer also protects the battery from mechanical impacts and the like, and the effect that the damage is suppressed is also obtained.
In particular, since the heat conductive material layer is made of a gel substance, it is difficult to form an air layer with excellent adhesion to the battery, and therefore heat conduction from the battery is more effectively promoted and heat dissipation. In addition to this, the battery is more reliably protected from mechanical shock and the like. In addition, since the battery is packaged in a flexible outer package, the battery is easily deformed during handling, and the battery also changes in volume due to charge / discharge, but the heat conductive material layer is slightly deformed. By being a gel-like substance, it is possible to follow such deformation of the battery, so that the heat conductive material layer can be easily formed, and cracking does not occur due to deformation of the battery.

In the secondary battery, it is preferable that the heat conductive material layer is formed of a gel-like sheet.
The heat conductive material layer may be formed, for example, by applying a paste made of a gel material on the surface of the battery, whereas the heat conductive material layer is formed of a gel sheet. If it does so, since handling is also easy and a heat conductive material layer can be formed only by sticking on the surface of the exterior body of a battery, workability | operativity in manufacture of a battery can also be made favorable.

In the secondary battery, it is preferable that the thermally conductive material layer is composed mainly of silicone.
The substance constituting the thermally conductive material layer is not particularly limited as long as it has the necessary thermal conductivity, but those having silicone as the main component have good thermal conductivity, and are inexpensive and easy to use. It can be obtained.

In the secondary battery, the thermal conductivity of the thermal conductive material layer is preferably 6 to 10 W / m · K.
When the thermal conductivity of the heat conductive material layer is 6 W / m · K or more, heat conduction by the heat conductive material layer is sufficiently performed and a heat dissipation effect is improved, while the heat conductive material layer When the thermal conductivity is 10 W / m · K or less, the thermal conductive material layer can be easily formed.

In the secondary battery, it is preferable that a thickness of the heat conductive material layer is 0.5 to 3 mm.
When the thickness of the thermally conductive material layer is 0.5 mm or more, it is possible to sufficiently ensure the characteristics of the thermally conductive material layer such as thermal conductivity and impact resistance. On the other hand, when the thickness of the heat conductive material layer is 3 mm or less, the heat conductive material layer occupies more space than necessary to reduce the volume energy density of the battery. The conductive material layer becomes thicker than necessary and the thermal conductivity does not decrease.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, the spacer interposed between the plurality of batteries constituting the assembled battery has a lumen, and the lumen is filled with a fire-extinguishing filler, and at least a part of the spacer When the battery temperature rises, heat insulation or heat dissipation is made by the spacer loaded with the filler when the battery temperature rises. Further rising is prevented. Furthermore, even when abnormal heat generation occurs in any of the plurality of batteries, at least a part of the spacer is opened by heat, and the filler flows out to the outside, so that the lumen of the spacer becomes a cavity. Thus, an air layer is formed, and the air layer is further effectively insulated, so that abnormal heat generation is reliably prevented from propagating to other batteries. Further, since the filler has fire extinguishing properties, even if any of the plurality of batteries ignites, the spread of fire is prevented by the spacer loaded with the filler having fire extinguishing properties. Furthermore, at this time, the fire-extinguishing filler flows out to the outside and is sprayed to the ignition location to extinguish the fire.

  In addition, since the spacer has an inner cavity, the spacer can be made light even if it is made of metal, and in particular if it is made of resin or rubber, it can be made lighter. It does not reduce the energy density. In addition, since the spacer is filled with a fire-extinguishing filler, it is not necessary to secure a space for the filler outside the spacer. Therefore, the battery assembly can be made compact and the volume energy density can be reduced. Can be large.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively prevent the spread and heating of the battery, and it is also possible to extinguish the battery that has ignited, and a battery pack that can be configured compactly and has a high volume energy density is provided. can get.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following best modes, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It is a thing.

[Production of positive electrode]
90% by mass of LiCoO ₂ as a positive electrode active material, 5% by mass of carbon black as a conductive agent, 5% by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride as a binder, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as a solvent ( NMP) solution was mixed to prepare a positive electrode slurry, and this positive electrode slurry was applied to both surfaces of an aluminum foil (thickness: 15 μm) as a positive electrode current collector, except for the welded portion of the positive electrode current collector tab. . Thereafter, the solvent is dried and rolled to a predetermined thickness (0.1 mm) with a roller, and as shown in FIG. 1, it has a predetermined width and height (width L1 = 95 mm, height L2 = 95 mm). The positive electrode current collector tab (portion where the positive electrode slurry was not applied) 11 was cut into a protruding shape to produce positive electrode 1.

(Production of negative electrode)
A slurry was prepared by mixing 95% by mass of graphite powder as a negative electrode active material, 5% by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride as a binder, and an NMP solution as a solvent. Except the welding part of the tab, it apply | coated on both surfaces of the copper foil (thickness: 10 micrometers) as a negative electrode collector. Thereafter, the solvent is dried and compressed to a predetermined thickness with a roller. As shown in FIG. 2, a predetermined width and height (width L8 = 100 mm, height L9 = 100 mm, L1 <L8, L2 <L9) And the negative electrode current collector tab (part where the slurry was not applied) 12 was cut so as to protrude. Thus, the negative electrode 2 was produced.

[Preparation of separator-packed positive electrode]
As shown in FIG. 3, two polypropylene (PP) separators 3a cut to the same size as the negative electrode 2 (width L3 = L8 = 100 mm, height L4 = L9 = 100 mm) are prepared, and the positive electrode 1 is separated from the separator 3a. As shown in FIG. 4, the end of the separator 3 was thermally welded at the weld 4 to form a bag shape.

(Production of laminated electrode body)
As shown in FIG. 5, 10 sheets of separator-packed positive electrodes 1 and 11 sheets of negative electrodes 2 were prepared and laminated, and both end faces were made negative electrodes 2 and end face sheets 6 made of polypropylene were arranged on both end faces to maintain the shape. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, both end face sheets 6 were connected with an insulating tape 7 to form a laminated electrode body 10. The thickness of the laminated electrode body 10 was 2.2 mm. Next, the positive electrode current collecting tab 11 and the negative electrode current collecting tab 12 were welded to the current collecting lead 9 by ultrasonic welding.

[Encapsulation in exterior body]
As shown in FIG. 7, the laminated electrode body 10 is inserted into an exterior body 13 made of two laminate films formed in advance so that the laminated electrode body 10 can be installed, and only the current collector (current collector lead) 9 is externally provided. The one side with the current collector 9 was heat-sealed so as to protrude to the bottom, and two of the remaining three sides were heat-sealed.

[Injection of electrolyte and sealing of exterior body]
LiPF ₆ is 1M in a mixed solvent in which ethylene carbonate (EC) and methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC) are mixed in a volume ratio of 30:70 in the exterior body 13 from one side that is not thermally welded. A lithium ion battery (hereinafter referred to as a cell) was manufactured by injecting an electrolytic solution dissolved at a ratio of (mol / liter) and finally thermally welding one side which was not thermally welded.

[Manufacture of spacers containing fire extinguishing agent]
A plate of 1 mm thick made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is bonded to form a rectangular bag, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ , specific gravity 1.74) is put in as a fire extinguisher. As shown in FIG. 8, a spacer having a width of 120 mm, a height of 150 mm, and a thickness of 5 mm encapsulated with a fire extinguishing agent is formed, as shown in FIG. No.) 51 was produced.

[Production of assembled battery]
As shown in FIG. 10, between the two pressure plates 30, five cells 40 are arranged so as to be stacked with four A-type spacers 51 interposed therebetween. The pressure plate 30 was fastened with bolts 31 and nuts 32, and a receiving tray 33 was attached below the platen 30 to produce an assembled battery.

[First embodiment]
(Example 1)
As the assembled battery of Example 1, a battery produced in the same manner as the assembled battery described in the best mode for carrying out the invention was used.
The assembled battery thus produced is hereinafter referred to as assembled battery A1.

(Example 2)
An assembled battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that instead of the A-type spacer 51, a B-type spacer 52 produced as follows was used.
A plate material made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having a thickness of 1 mm is bonded to form a rectangular bag-like body, and water as a liquid is put therein. Finally, a Bi—Cd—Pb—Sn alloy (mass ratio Bi: Cd: Pb) is used. : Sn = 50: 10: 25: 15, melting point 75 ° C.) prepared as a small piece having dimensions of 5 mm × 10 mm × 0.5 mm, and one end edge of the bag-like body as a lid as shown in FIG. A spacer (hereinafter referred to as a B-type spacer) 52 having a width of 120 mm, a height of 150 mm, and a thickness of 5 mm, in which the low melting point portion 14 was formed and the liquid was sealed, was produced by bonding to the end portion with an adhesive.
The assembled battery thus produced is hereinafter referred to as assembled battery B1.

[Effect of assembled battery]
In the assembled battery A1, the A-type spacer 51 interposed between a plurality (five) of cells constituting the assembled battery A1 has a lumen, and the lumen is made of a fire-extinguishing filler. When a certain ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is loaded and an arbitrary portion of the A-type spacer 51 is opened by heat, the filler can flow out to the outside. When the temperature rises, the A-type spacer 51 in which the inner space is filled with a filler heat-insulates or radiates heat, thereby preventing the battery temperature from further rising. Further, even if abnormal heat generation occurs in any of the plurality of cells, a part of the A-type spacer 51 is opened by heat, and the filler flows out to the outside. An air layer is formed with the lumen as a cavity, and this air layer further effectively insulates the heat and reliably prevents abnormal heat from being propagated to other cells. In addition, since the filler has fire extinguishing properties, even if any of a plurality of cells ignites, the A-type spacer 51 loaded with this fire extinguishing agent prevents fire spread. Is done. Furthermore, at this time, the fire-extinguishing filler flows out to the outside and is sprayed to the ignition location to extinguish the fire.

  Further, while the A-type spacer 51 is made of resin (PET) instead of metal, it is possible to prevent the spread of fire. Therefore, the A-type spacer 51 is made lightweight and the mass energy density of the assembled battery A1 is also increased. It is kept at a good level without deteriorating. Further, since the A-type spacer 51 is filled with a fire-extinguishing filler, it is not necessary to secure a space for the filler outside the A-type spacer 51, and thus the assembled battery A1 is compact. The volume energy density is large.

  Further, since the A-type spacer 51 is made of PET, which is a flammable resin, when ignition occurs, the A-type spacer 51 burns and the internal filler flows out, and the fire is extinguished by this filler. . In addition, since PET, which is a general-purpose resin, is used, the A-type spacer 51 can be manufactured at a low cost and the workability is also good.

  Moreover, since the receiving tray 33 which collects the filler which flowed out from the A type | mold spacer 51 is provided, the fire extinguishing by a filler is made more effective. In other words, the fire is extinguished while the filler flows out of the A-shaped spacer 51, and the cells are immersed in the filler collected in the tray 33, so that the fire is more reliably extinguished. It will be. The tray 33 also has a function of preventing the leaked filler from leaking out of the assembled battery A1.

  On the other hand, in the assembled battery B1, in addition to the same effects as the assembled battery A1, a material constituting the B-type spacer 52 is formed on a part of the B-type spacer 52 (the lower end portion of one side edge). Since the low melting point portion 14 made of a Bi—Cd—Pb—Sn alloy (melting point 75 ° C.) which is a material having a melting point lower than the melting point of PET (about 250 to 280 ° C.) is formed, the cell generates heat. When the temperature rises to about 75 ° C., the low melting point portion is melted to form an opening, and water as an internal filler flows out from the opening. Therefore, a simple configuration in which the low melting point portion 14 is formed in a part of the B-type spacer 52 is a spacer that can be opened by heat and the internal filler can flow out. Moreover, since the formation position of the low melting point portion 14 is set to a specific position, the outflow position of the filler is regulated to the position, and this allows the filler to flow out to a desired position and this It has a structure that can be extinguished reliably at the position.

[Second Embodiment]
[Production of bag-like body]
As shown in FIG. 11, plate materials made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) were bonded together to form a square bag. One plate member forming one surface of the bag-like body has a diameter of about several millimeters at each of a lower end portion along one side edge and a central portion having a spacing S11 = 50 mm above the lower end portion. The through-hole which has was made to drill. Next, water as a liquid is put into the bag-like body from this through-hole, and then a Bi—Cd—Pb—Sn alloy (mass ratio Bi: Cd: Pb: Sn = 50: 10: 25: 15, melting point) 75 ° C.) in the form of small pieces having dimensions of 10 mm × 10 mm × 0.5 mm to form a lid, and the lid is bonded with an adhesive so as to cover the upper and lower through holes, thereby vertically moving Two low melting points 15L and 15H are formed so as to be juxtaposed, and a spacer having a width L11 = 150 mm, a height L12 = 95 mm, and a thickness T11 = 4 mm in which liquid is enclosed (hereinafter referred to as a C-type spacer) 53 was prepared. Another one of the same C-type spacers 53 was prepared, and two in total were prepared.
Next, with the two C-shaped spacers 53 facing the surfaces on which the low melting points 15L and 15H are formed, and along the side edges, the length L15 = 4 mm and the width L16 = 4 mm. The polymer is polymerized in such a manner that a rectangular pillar-shaped interposing material 53S having a height L17 = 95 mm is interposed therebetween, and this polymer is obtained as a bottom plate having a length L13 = 150 mm, a width L14 = 12 mm, and a thickness T12 = 5 mm. 53C, and finally, the C-shaped spacer 53, the interposing material 53S, and the bottom plate 53B are welded, and the length L11 = 150 mm, the width L14 = 12 mm, and the height L12 + T12 = 100 mm shown in FIG. A bag-like body 54 having an open upper end was produced.
The interstitial material 53S and the bottom plate 53B are made of a flexible material such that the bag 54 is deformed and the cell is sufficiently pressurized when pressure is applied at the time of manufacturing the assembled battery. Is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

[Production of cell]
According to the method described in the best mode for carrying out the invention, a cell 17 having a width L18 = 100 mm and a height L19 = 120 mm as shown in FIG. 13 was produced. Next, the cell 17 was loaded into the bag-like body 54 as shown in FIG.

[Production of assembled battery]
As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, five bag-like bodies 54 each loaded with the cells 17 are arranged between the two pressure plates 34, and the two pressure plates 34 are arranged. The assembled battery was manufactured by fastening with bolts 35 and nuts 36.
The assembled battery thus produced is hereinafter referred to as an assembled battery C1.

[Effect of assembled battery]
The assembled battery C1 has the same effects as those of the assembled batteries A1 to B1 of the first embodiment as described above, and also has the following effects. That is, although common to the assembled batteries A1 to B1, the C-type spacer 53 is flexible so that it can be shrunk in a pressurized state. Therefore, when the C-type spacer 53 is opened, it is shrunk by pressure. The internal filler can be squeezed out effectively. Further, when the bowl-shaped irregularities are formed on the surface of the C-shaped spacer 53 as the C-shaped spacer 53 contracts, the irregularities play a function similar to a rib, and the fire extinguishing efficiency becomes better. Further, since the C-shaped spacer 53 constitutes a part (front and back surface portions) of the bag-like body 54 into which each cell 17 can be loaded, the bag-like body 54 also functions as a tray for collecting the outflowing filler. This can make fire extinguishing more effective. That is, the filler flowing out from the C-shaped spacer 53 is stored inside the bag-like body 54, and each cell 17 is more surely immersed in the stored filler, thereby more effectively extinguishing the fire. Made.

  Further, since the plurality of cells 17 are loaded one by one on one C-type spacer 54, the outflowing filler is not dispersed and limited to one corresponding C-type spacer 54. As a result, the filler is stored in the C-shaped spacer 54 to a higher position (that is, more effectively), so that the cell 17 is more reliably immersed.

In addition, since the low melting point portions 15L and 15H are formed at a plurality of locations (upper and lower two locations) at different height positions, the filler loaded up to a higher position flows out to the outside by the upper low melting point portion 15H. As a result, primary fire extinguishing (initial fire extinguishing) is performed at a portion below the upper low melting point portion 15H, and then the remaining filler flows out to the outside by the lower low melting point portion 15L. This will result in a secondary fire extinguishing. Thus, the fire is extinguished more effectively by causing the filler to flow out at a plurality of height positions to extinguish the fire.
In particular, in the battery, since it is considered that abnormal heat generation or ignition is most likely to occur in the central portion, the upper low melting point portion 15H is formed in the central portion, so that the filler flows out to the central portion, and more The fire extinguishing is efficient.
In this case, if the melting point of the upper low melting point portion 15H is set to be lower than the melting point of the lower low melting point portion 15L, the filler is surely discharged sequentially from the upper low melting point portion 15H. Can do.

[Third embodiment]
[Preparation of thermal conductive material (sheet)]
A heat conductive gel sheet having a thickness of 1 mm (manufactured by Geltech Co., Ltd .; trade name lambda gel COH-4000) was cut into a rectangular shape having a width of 100 mm and a height of 120 mm to obtain a sheet-like heat conductive material. The heat conductive gel sheet (lambda gel COH-4000) is a sheet-like heat conductive gel made of silicone and has a heat conductivity of 6.5 W / m · K.

[Production of cell]
As shown in FIG. 19, a cell 22S (width L20 = 100 mm, height L21 = 120 mm, thickness T14 = 4 mm) identical to the cell 17 used in the assembled battery C1 of the second embodiment is produced. The sheet-like thermal conductive material 23S was adhered to both surfaces of 22S to obtain a cell (single cell) 22 having thermal conductive material layers 23 and 23 formed on both surfaces, as shown in FIG. . A total of eight of the same cells 22 were prepared.

[Production of assembled battery]
Except for using the above eight cells 22, an assembled battery was produced in the same manner as in the assembled battery A1 of Example 1, and as shown in FIG. 21, seven spacers 51, eight cells 22, Were assembled alternately, and the assembled battery in which the heat conductive material layer 23 was formed between each spacer 51 and each cell 22 was obtained.
The assembled battery thus produced is hereinafter referred to as an assembled battery D1.

[Effect of battery (single cell)]
Each cell 22 constituting the assembled battery D1 can be used as a single battery by itself, but according to this cell 22, it is packaged by an exterior body made of a laminate film, that is, a flexible exterior body. Since the heat conductive material layer 23 made of a gel-like substance is formed on the surface of the outer package, the heat dissipation from the battery is promoted. The deterioration of the secondary battery due to the rise is suppressed.
In addition, it is a battery packaged in a soft outer package made of a laminate film, and the surface of this outer package is easily damaged by mechanical shocks associated with transportation, use, handling, etc. Although easily damaged, the formation of the thermal conductive material layer 23 protects the battery from mechanical impacts and suppresses the damage.
In particular, since the heat conductive material layer 23 is made of a gel-like substance, it is difficult to form an air layer with excellent adhesion to the battery, and therefore heat conduction from the battery is more effectively promoted. The heat dissipation is better, and in addition to this, the battery is more reliably protected from mechanical shocks and the like. In addition, since the battery is packaged in a soft outer package, it is easily deformed during handling, and the battery changes in volume due to charge / discharge, but is somewhat deformed. Since the conductive material layer 23 is made of a gel-like substance, the battery can follow such deformation of the battery. Therefore, the heat conductive material layer 23 can be easily formed, and cracking occurs due to the deformation of the battery. There is nothing.

  Moreover, since the said heat conductive material layer 23 is comprised with the gel-like sheet | seat 23S, handling is easy and can form the heat conductive material layer 23 only by sticking on the surface of the exterior body of a battery. Therefore, workability in battery manufacture is also good. In particular, the sheet-like thermally conductive material (lambda gel COH-4000) 23S has tackiness, so that it can be simply attached to the surface of the cell 22S as it is.

  In addition, since the heat conductive material layer 23 is composed of silicone as a main component, since the component having silicone as a main component has good thermal conductivity, it can be easily obtained at low cost. The heat conductive material layer 23 with good heat conductivity can be formed inexpensively and easily.

  Moreover, since the heat conductivity of the heat conductive material layer 23 is 6.5 W / m · K, the heat conduction by the heat conductive material layer 23 is sufficiently performed and the heat dissipation effect is good. At the same time, the thermal conductivity is not higher than necessary and the material is easily available, so that the thermal conductive material layer 23 is within the range where it can be easily formed.

  Further, since the thickness of the thermal conductive material layer 23 is 1 mm, the thickness of the thermal conductive material layer 23 is not excessively small, so that the characteristics such as thermal conductivity and impact resistance are sufficient. On the other hand, since the space occupied by the thermal conductive material layer 23 is not excessive, a decrease in the volume energy density of the battery is also suppressed, and there is a possibility that the thermal conductivity will be reduced conversely when the thickness becomes more than necessary. Absent.

[Effect of battery (battery)]
According to the configuration of the assembled battery D1, since the heat conductive material layer 23 is interposed between the spacer 51 and the cell 22, heat conduction from the cell 22 to the spacer 51 is promoted, and heat is radiated more efficiently. Thereby, the deterioration of the battery due to the temperature rise is suppressed.
Further, when the assembled battery D1 is assembled, the cell 22 is particularly packaged with a soft outer package made of a laminate film. Therefore, the surface of the outer package remains as it is as a mechanical shock associated with the operation. However, the formation of the thermal conductive material layer 23 protects the cell 22 from mechanical shock and suppresses the damage. ing.

  Further, since the heat conductive material layer 23 is made of a gel-like substance, it has excellent adhesion to the spacers 51 and the cells 22S, so that an air layer is hardly formed. Therefore, heat conduction is more effectively promoted and heat dissipation. In addition to this, the cell 22S is more reliably protected from mechanical shocks and the like. In addition, since the cell 22S is packaged by a soft outer package made of a laminate film, the cell 22S is easily deformed during handling, and the cell 22S also changes in volume due to charge / discharge, and is somewhat deformed. Since the conductive material layer 23 is a gel-like substance, it is possible to follow the deformation of the cell 22S. Therefore, the heat conductive material layer 23 can be easily formed, and the cell 22S can be deformed. No cracking occurs.

  Moreover, since the said heat conductive material layer 23 is comprised with the gel-like sheet | seat 23S, handling is also easy and it inserts between the spacer 51 and the cell 22S (in a present Example, both surfaces of each cell 22S) Since the heat conductive material layer 23 can be formed only by sticking), the workability in manufacturing the assembled battery D1 is also good. In particular, the sheet-like thermally conductive material (lambda gel COH-4000) 23S has tackiness, and thus can be simply attached to the surface of each cell 22S as it is.

  In addition, since the heat conductive material layer 23 is composed of silicone as a main component, since the component having silicone as a main component has good thermal conductivity, it can be easily obtained at low cost. The heat conductive material layer 23 with good heat conductivity can be formed inexpensively and easily.

  Moreover, since the heat conductivity of the heat conductive material layer 23 is 6.5 W / m · K, the heat conduction by the heat conductive material layer 23 is sufficiently performed and the heat dissipation effect is good. At the same time, the thermal conductivity is not higher than necessary and the material is easily available, so that the thermal conductive material layer 23 is within the range where it can be easily formed.

  Further, since the thickness of the thermal conductive material layer 23 is 1 mm, the thickness of the thermal conductive material layer 23 is not excessively small, so that the characteristics such as thermal conductivity and impact resistance are sufficient. On the other hand, since the space occupied by the heat conductive material layer 23 is not excessive, a decrease in the volume energy density of the assembled battery D1 is also suppressed, and the heat conductivity may be reduced due to the excessive thickness. There is nothing.

[Fourth embodiment]
[Production of assembled battery]
In place of the cell 17 of the second embodiment, all of the cells except for the cell (single cell) 22 formed on the both sides with the heat conductive material layers 23, 23 prepared in the third embodiment are used. An assembled battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 2.
The assembled battery thus produced is hereinafter referred to as an assembled battery E1.

[Effect of assembled battery]
Since the assembled battery E1 uses the cells (unit cells) 22 having the heat conductive material layers 23, 23 formed on both surfaces, the assembled battery E1 has the same effect as the assembled battery D1 of the third embodiment. Furthermore, since each cell 22 is loaded in a bag-like body 54 that constitutes a part of the C-shaped spacer 53 (front and back portions), as shown below, the case of the assembled battery C1 of the second embodiment, Similar effects can be obtained.
That is, since the C-shaped spacer 53 constitutes a part (front and back surface portions) of the bag-like body 54 in which each cell 22 can be loaded, the filler that has flowed out of the C-shaped spacer 53 enters the bag-like body 54. The cells 22 are stored, and each cell 22 is more surely immersed in the stored filler, thereby more effectively extinguishing the fire.

  In addition, since a plurality of cells 22 are loaded one by one on one C-type spacer 54, the outflowing filler is not dispersed and is limited to one corresponding C-type spacer 54. As a result, the filler is stored in the C-type spacer 54 to a higher position (that is, more effectively) so that the cell 22 is more reliably immersed.

  In addition, since the low melting point portions 15L and 15H are formed at a plurality of locations (upper and lower two locations) at different height positions, the filler loaded up to a higher position flows out to the outside by the upper low melting point portion 15H. As a result, primary fire extinguishing (initial fire extinguishing) is performed at a portion below the upper low melting point portion 15H, and then the remaining filler flows out to the outside by the lower low melting point portion 15L. This will result in a secondary fire extinguishing. Thus, the fire is extinguished more effectively by causing the filler to flow out at a plurality of height positions to extinguish the fire. In particular, since the upper low melting point portion 15H is formed in the central portion where abnormal heat generation or ignition is most likely to occur, the filler flows out to the central portion, so that the fire can be extinguished more efficiently. ing.

[Other matters]

(1) You may make it form the rib extended in an up-down direction in the surface which touches the battery of a spacer. FIG. 17 is a view showing an example of a spacer in which ribs are formed. A plurality of ribs 18 extending in parallel in the vertical direction are formed at equal intervals on both the front and back surfaces of the spacer 55 which are in contact with the battery. According to this configuration, a gap is formed on both sides of the rib 18, and this gap serves as a conduction path for the filler, whereby the filler can flow more reliably. In addition, when the battery generates heat, this gap becomes a heat dissipation path, and thereby heat is radiated more effectively. In particular, since the battery is in contact with the front and back surfaces of the spacer in a pressed state, the front and back surfaces are smooth surfaces, and the gaps are formed by the ribs as described above rather than the spacer and the battery are in close contact with each other. In the state where it is in contact with the formed state, the filler can flow down more easily, and heat dissipation is also easier.
In the example shown in FIG. 17, a low melting point portion (not shown) is formed in the vicinity of the upper end in a plurality of voids among a large number of voids formed between the numerous ribs 18. The entire spacer 55 may be opened at an arbitrary portion by heat without forming such a low melting point portion.

(2) A rib extending in the lateral direction may be formed on the surface of the spacer. According to this, not only does the filler flow downward, but it is also guided in the lateral direction and spreads more widely, thereby making it possible to more effectively extinguish the fire. In particular, as shown in FIG. 18, when the filler flows out from the low melting point portion 19 provided on the side edge of the spacer 56, the filler is placed on the side edge of the spacer 56 as shown by an arrow X1. The ribs 20 flow down downward, but the ribs 20 extending in the lateral direction are formed up to the front and back surfaces adjacent to the side edges, so that the filler is guided by the ribs 20 as indicated by the arrow X2 and spacers are formed. It also reaches 56 front and back surfaces. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 18, the rib 20 is formed so as to extend while being inclined downwardly from the side edge portion of the spacer 56 along the front and back surface portions, so that the filler flows more smoothly on the rib 20. In addition, holes 21 penetrating in the vertical direction are formed in the ribs 20 at appropriate intervals so that the filler flows down at appropriate positions as indicated by an arrow X3 so that the front and back surface portions of the spacer 56 are formed. It is configured to spread widely.

(3) As a filler, besides sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ ) and water, for example, sodium bicarbonate (sodium bicarbonate; NaHCO ₃ ) can be used.
In order to prevent the internal short circuit more reliably, it is desirable to use a filler having an insulating property.

(4) The low melting point portion may be formed at the bottom portion, for example, in addition to the front or back surface or side edge portion of the spacer. Further, for example, the spacers may be disposed at a plurality of positions at intervals in the width direction, such as being disposed at both the left and right ends of the spacer, whereby the filler may be dispersed and flowed out more widely.

(5) The filler is sealed in a spacer in a pressurized state together with, for example, a gas such as nitrogen, and when the spacer is opened, the structure can be ejected to the outside by the pressure, thereby further improving the fire extinguishing efficiency. Good.

(6) The spacer may be configured to have a rigidity that can retain the initial shape even when the spacer is subjected to a pressure that is substantially equal to or higher than the pressure applied when the assembled battery is configured. Alternatively, it may be configured to have lower rigidity or flexibility. If the spacer has the rigidity as described above, an air layer is formed by the outflow of the filler inside, and a heat insulating effect is exhibited, but at this time, the rigidity of the spacer ensures the capacity of the air layer. Will be held. Moreover, the original function of ensuring the space | interval of batteries (cell) is not impaired because a spacer maintains a shape. On the other hand, when the spacer is soft, when the spacer is opened, the spacer is contracted by the applied pressure, and the internal filler can be squeezed out to effectively flow out. Further, the spacer contracts as the filler flows out, and as a result, a space is formed outside the spacer as much as the contracted, and this space exhibits a heat insulating effect. Furthermore, when a bowl-shaped unevenness is formed on the surface of the spacer as the spacer contracts, the unevenness can exhibit a function similar to the above-described rib or groove.
(7) The positive electrode active material is not limited to the above lithium cobaltate, but is a cobalt-nickel-manganese lithium composite oxide, an aluminum-nickel-manganese lithium composite oxide, or an aluminum-nickel-cobalt composite. A lithium composite oxide containing cobalt, nickel, or manganese, such as an oxide, or spinel type lithium manganate may be used.

(8) As the negative electrode active material, in addition to graphite such as natural graphite and artificial graphite, graphite, coke, tin oxide, lithium metal, silicon, and a mixture thereof can be used to insert and desorb lithium ions. It doesn't matter.

(9) The electrolyte solution is not particularly limited to that shown in the present embodiment. Examples of the lithium salt include LiBF ₄ , LiPF ₆ , LiN (SO ₂ CF ₃ ) ₂ , and LiN (SO ₂ C ₂ F). ₅ ) ₂ , LiPF _{6 -x} (C _n F _{2n + 1} ) _x [where 1 <x <6, n = 1 or 2], and the like, and one or more of these may be used in combination it can. The concentration of the supporting salt is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.8 to 1.8 mol per liter of the electrolyte. In addition to the above EC and MEC, carbonate solvents such as propylene carbonate (PC), γ-butyrolactone (GBL), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), etc. More preferably, a combination of a cyclic carbonate and a chain carbonate is desirable.

(10) The power generation element is not limited to the laminated type, and it is needless to say that the power generation element can be used for an elliptical type in which a spiral shape is pressed and crushed. Further, the type of battery is not limited to the non-aqueous electrolyte battery, and an alkaline battery or the like can be used.

(11) In the assembled battery, when the thermally conductive material layer is provided as in the third to fourth embodiments, for example, the spacer of the present invention in which a filler having a fire extinguishing property is loaded in the lumen. Instead, spacers having other arbitrary configurations may be used. In this case as well, the heat radiation effect can be improved by the thermally conductive material layer. However, it goes without saying that safety and volume energy density can be improved by using the spacer of the present invention together.

(12) As described above, the heat conductive material layer may be formed, for example, by applying a paste made of a gel material on the spacer or the surface of the battery. Examples of the conductive gel include lambda gel DP (trade name; manufactured by Geltech).

  The present invention can be suitably applied to a power source for high output applications such as for power mounted on a robot or an electric vehicle, for example.

It is a top view of the positive electrode used for the battery (cell) which comprises the assembled battery of this invention. It is a top view of the negative electrode used for the battery (cell) which comprises the assembled battery of this invention. It is a perspective view of the separator used for the battery (cell) which comprises the assembled battery of this invention. FIG. 4 is a plan view of a separator bag-packed positive electrode formed by sandwiching the positive electrode of FIG. 1 with the separator of FIG. 3 to form a bag. It is a disassembled perspective view of the laminated electrode body used for the battery (cell) which comprises the assembled battery of this invention. It is a side view of the laminated electrode body used for the battery (cell) which comprises the assembled battery of this invention. It is a perspective view of the state which inserted the laminated electrode body of FIG. 6 in the exterior body used for the battery (cell) which comprises the assembled battery of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the spacer which comprises the assembled battery of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the other example of the spacer which comprises the assembled battery of this invention. It is a model side view which shows an example of the assembled battery of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the other example of the spacer which comprises the assembled battery of this invention. It is a perspective view of the spacer of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the battery (cell) which comprises the assembled battery of this invention. It is a perspective view of the state which loaded the battery (cell) of FIG. 13 in the spacer of FIG. It is a schematic side view which shows the other example of the assembled battery of this invention. It is a perspective view of the assembled battery of FIG. It is a partial expansion perspective view which shows the other example of the spacer which comprises the assembled battery of this invention. It is a partial expansion perspective view which shows the other example of the spacer which comprises the assembled battery of this invention. It is an example of the battery (cell) which comprises the assembled battery of this invention, and is a perspective view which shows the condition before a heat conductive material layer is formed. It is a perspective view which shows the condition in which the heat conductive material layer was formed in the battery (cell) of FIG. It is a model side view which shows the assembled battery using the battery (cell) of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

14 Low melting point 52 Spacer

Claims (25)

A plurality of batteries are connected in series or in parallel, and the plurality of batteries are an assembled battery in which a spacer for heat insulation or heat dissipation is interposed therebetween,
The spacer has a lumen, and the lumen is loaded with a fire-extinguishing filler;
The assembled battery is characterized in that the filler can flow out to the outside when at least a part of the spacer is opened by heat.   The assembled battery according to claim 1, wherein the spacer is made of a combustible resin.   The assembled battery according to claim 1, wherein a low melting point portion made of a material having a melting point lower than a melting point of a material constituting the spacer is formed in a part of the spacer.   The assembled battery according to claim 3, wherein the low melting point portions are formed at a plurality of locations having different height positions.   The assembled battery of Claims 1-4 provided with the saucer which collects the filler which flowed out from the said spacer.   The assembled battery according to claim 5, wherein the tray is divided into a plurality of parts.   The assembled battery according to claim 1, wherein a rib extending in a vertical direction is formed on a surface of the spacer in contact with the battery.   The assembled battery according to claim 1, wherein the spacer has a softness capable of contracting in a pressurized state and constitutes at least a part of a bag-like body into which each battery can be loaded.   The assembled battery according to claim 1, wherein a thermally conductive material layer is formed between the spacer and the battery.   The assembled battery according to claim 9, wherein the heat conductive material layer is made of a gel material.   The assembled battery according to claim 10, wherein the heat conductive material layer is formed of a gel sheet.   The assembled battery according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the heat conductive material layer is composed mainly of silicone.   The assembled battery according to claim 9, wherein the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive material layer is 6 to 10 W / m · K.   The assembled battery according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein the heat conductive material layer has a thickness of 0.5 to 3 mm. A plurality of batteries are connected in series or in parallel, and the plurality of batteries are an assembled battery in which a spacer for heat insulation or heat dissipation is interposed therebetween,
A battery assembly comprising a thermally conductive material layer formed between the spacer and the battery.   The assembled battery according to claim 15, wherein the heat conductive material layer is made of a gel material.   The assembled battery according to claim 16, wherein the thermally conductive material layer is formed of a gel-like sheet.   The assembled battery according to claim 15, wherein the thermally conductive material layer is composed mainly of silicone.   The assembled battery according to claim 15, wherein the thermal conductivity of the thermal conductive material layer is 6 to 10 W / m · K.   The assembled battery according to any one of claims 15 to 19, wherein the thermal conductive material layer has a thickness of 0.5 to 3 mm. A secondary battery packaged in a flexible outer package,
A secondary battery, wherein a heat conductive material layer made of a gel material is formed on a surface of the outer package.   The secondary battery according to claim 21, wherein the thermal conductive material layer is formed of a gel sheet.   The secondary battery according to claim 21 or 22, wherein the heat conductive material layer is composed mainly of silicone.   The secondary battery according to claim 21, wherein the thermal conductivity of the thermal conductive material layer is 6 to 10 W / m · K.   The secondary battery according to claim 21, wherein a thickness of the heat conductive material layer is 0.5 to 3 mm.

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