JP2008308031A - Antifouling facility of hull and antifouling method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an antifouling facility of a hull and an antifouling method capable of suppressing adhesion of adhering animal to the hull while suppressing the generation of ocean pollution. <P>SOLUTION: The antifouling facility 1 is a facility for preventing the pollution of the hull of a ship B moored at sea. The antifouling facility 1 is equipped with a large number of underwater projectors 7 provided in the sea at a quay 3 and irradiating light to a bottom of the ship B1. A barnacle which is an adhering creature in the sea has characteristics hard to adhere to a place on which the light is irradiated, so that by irradiating the light from the underwater projectors 7 to the bottom B1 of the ship, the adhering of barnacles to the bottom B1 of the ship can be suppressed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a hull antifouling equipment and a fouling prevention method for preventing the hull of a ship moored at sea.

When the ship is moored on the sea, attached animals such as barnacles adhere to the underwater parts such as the bottom of the ship. If such attached animals adhere, the resistance of the water at the bottom of the ship increases, causing a decrease in the speed of the ship and a reduction in fuel consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically remove the attached animals from the ship bottom by performing a cleaning operation. there were. Such a cleaning operation involves a danger that requires a diver's manual operation, and it takes time and money. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the frequency of the cleaning operation. Conventionally, in order to reduce the frequency of cleaning work, a method of suppressing the adhesion of attached animals by painting up to the draft area of a hull using a paint containing a toxic chemical substance is known (for example, the following patents) See references 1 and 2.)
JP 2006-152205 A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-068191

  However, since these methods elute toxic chemical substances into the seawater from the hull paint, marine contamination by the dissolved chemical substances becomes a problem. In response to such a problem, the above Patent Document 2 also proposes a paint with low toxicity, but it can be said that marine pollution can be sufficiently suppressed as long as it is a method of releasing chemical substances into seawater. Absent.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the antifouling equipment and antifouling method of a hull which can suppress adhesion of the adhering animal to a hull, suppressing generation | occurrence | production of marine pollution.

  The hull antifouling equipment of the present invention is a hull antifouling equipment for preventing the hull of a ship moored on the sea, and irradiates light to the underwater part of the hull provided in the sea at the mooring place of the ship. It is characterized by including a light projecting means.

  The inventors of the present invention have found through research that, when a ship is moored on the sea, adhering animals such as barnacles are unlikely to adhere to places exposed to light among the underwater parts of the hull, the present invention has been completed. It was. That is, according to the facility of the present invention, light is irradiated to the underwater portion of the hull by the light projecting means, so that the attached animal is less likely to adhere to the underwater portion, and the hull contamination by the attached animal is suppressed. Can do. In the case of this facility, it is not necessary to release chemical substances into the seawater, so marine pollution can be suppressed.

  In this case, the light projecting unit may include an illumination device that emits light. According to this configuration, it is possible to suppress adhesion of an attached animal even at night.

  The hull antifouling apparatus of the present invention further includes an attached animal attracting plate that is provided in the sea at the mooring location of the ship and attracts the attached animal, and the attached animal attracting plate is located on the back side when viewed from the light projecting means. It is good also as having an attracting surface to do.

  Furthermore, it is known that attached animals such as barnacles have a property that they are particularly easily attached in the vicinity of a place where other attached animals are already attached, and the present inventors paid attention to this point. According to the configuration of this facility, the attracting surface of the attached animal attracting plate is located on the back side when viewed from the light projecting means, so that it does not directly receive the light from the light projecting means, and the adherent animal is likely to adhere. And once an adherent animal adheres to this attracting surface, a new adherent animal is attracted and it is easy to adhere. In this way, the attracting surface of the attached animal attracting plate plays a role of attracting the attached animals, so the number of attached animals that adhere to the hull is reduced, and adhesion of the attached animals to the hull is suppressed.

  The hull antifouling equipment of the present invention further includes a reflector that is provided in the sea at the mooring location of the ship and reflects the light of the light projecting means, and the reflector reflects the reflected light toward the underwater portion of the hull. It is good also as having a reflective surface to irradiate. According to this configuration, the reflecting surface reflects the light from the light projecting means and can effectively shine the light on the hull.

  Further, the hull antifouling equipment of the present invention further includes a plate-like member provided in the sea at the mooring place of the ship, and the plate-like member reflects the light of the light projecting means and reflects the reflected light into the underwater portion of the hull. It is good also as having the reflective surface irradiated toward and the attraction surface located in the back surface of a reflective surface.

  According to the configuration of this facility, the reflecting surface reflects the light from the light projecting means and the light is effectively applied to the hull, so that it is possible to further suppress the attachment of attached animals to the hull. Moreover, since the attracting surface is located on the back surface side when viewed from the light projecting means, it does not directly receive the light from the light projecting means, and the attached animal is likely to adhere. And once an adherent animal adheres to this attracting surface, a new adherent animal is attracted and it is easy to adhere. Thus, since the attracting surface plays a role of attracting the attached animals, the number of attached animals that adhere to the hull is reduced, and adhesion of the attached animals to the hull is suppressed. Moreover, since the said reflective surface and an attracting surface are provided in the front and back of a plate-shaped member, an installation can be reduced in size.

  The hull antifouling method of the present invention is a hull antifouling method for preventing contamination of a ship hull moored at sea. It is characterized by comprising a light projecting step for irradiating the part with light.

  According to this method, light is irradiated to the underwater portion of the hull by the light projecting means, so that the attached animal is less likely to adhere to the underwater portion, and contamination of the hull due to the attached animal can be suppressed. In the case of this method, it is not necessary to release a chemical substance into seawater, so that marine pollution can also be suppressed.

  In this case, the light projecting unit may include an illumination device that emits light. According to this configuration, it is possible to suppress the attachment of an attached animal regardless of the weather or at night.

  Further, in the light projecting step, an attached animal attracting plate for attracting the attached animal is provided in the sea at the mooring place of the ship, and the adhered animal attracting plate has an attracting surface located on the back side when viewed from the projecting means. It is good as well.

  According to the configuration of this facility, the attracting surface of the attached animal attracting plate is located on the back side when viewed from the light projecting means, so that it does not directly receive the light from the light projecting means, and the adherent animal is likely to adhere. And once an adherent animal adheres to this attracting surface, a new adherent animal is attracted and it is easy to adhere. In this way, the attracting surface of the attached animal attracting plate plays a role of attracting the attached animals, so the number of attached animals that adhere to the hull is reduced, and adhesion of the attached animals to the hull is suppressed.

  In the light projecting process, a reflector that reflects the light of the light projecting means is provided in the sea at the mooring location of the ship, and the reflector has a reflective surface that radiates reflected light toward the underwater portion of the hull. It is good also as having. According to this configuration, the reflecting surface reflects the light from the light projecting means and can effectively shine the light on the hull.

  Further, in the light projecting step, a plate-like member is provided in the sea at the mooring place of the ship, and the plate-like member reflects the light of the light projecting means and irradiates the reflected light toward the underwater portion of the hull. It is good also as having a surface and the attracting surface located in the back surface of a reflective surface. According to this configuration, the reflecting surface reflects the light from the light projecting means and the light is effectively applied to the hull, so that it is possible to further suppress the attachment of the attached animal to the hull. Moreover, since the attracting surface is located on the back surface side when viewed from the light projecting means, it does not directly receive the light from the light projecting means, and the attached animal is likely to adhere. And once an adherent animal adheres to this attracting surface, a new adherent animal is attracted and it is easy to adhere. Thus, since the attracting surface plays a role of attracting the attached animals, the number of attached animals that adhere to the hull is reduced, and adhesion of the attached animals to the hull is suppressed. Moreover, since the said reflective surface and an attracting surface are provided in the front and back of a plate-shaped member, an installation can be reduced in size.

  According to the antifouling equipment and antifouling method for a hull of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the adhesion of attached animals to the hull while suppressing the occurrence of marine pollution.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a hull antifouling facility and a fouling preventing method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
The antifouling equipment 1 shown in FIG. 1 is provided in the sea at the quay 3 where the ship B is moored, and prevents contamination of the parts of the hull of the ship B (the ship bottom B1 and the hull side face B2 in the sea). Is.

  This antifouling equipment 1 is provided with a large number of underwater projectors (light projecting means, lighting devices) 7 provided in the sea for irradiating light on the hull surface of the ship B. Each underwater projector 7 is installed below the planned position where the ship B stops, and irradiates light upward. Each underwater projector 7 is fixed to a horizontally extending support member 9 at equal intervals, and the support member 9 is connected to a weight or the like installed on the seabed T by a chain 11. Further, buoys 13 are attached to the support member 9 at each position between the underwater projectors 7, and the support member 9 and the underwater projector 7 are stopped at a predetermined height position from the seabed T by the buoyancy of the buoys 13. is doing.

  In this antifouling equipment 1, the set of the underwater floodlight 7, the support member 9, the chain 11, and the buoy 13 as described above extends in the full length direction of the ship B (perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 1). In the same direction). With the above configuration, when the underwater floodlight 7 is turned on, the entire bottom B1 of the moored ship B is irradiated with light by a large number of underwater floodlights 7 arranged in a lattice pattern under the sea surface.

  Further, a long plate-like member 15 located on the side of the planned stop position of the ship B is attached to the right end of the support member 9. The long plate-like member 15 has a rectangular shape extending in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. 1, and a lower end side 15 a is held by each support member 9. Further, one surface of the long plate-like member 15 is mirror-finished and functions as a reflecting surface 15t that reflects light. Further, an attracting surface 15s having a function of attracting barnacles that are attached to the sea is provided on the back surface of the reflecting surface 15t. Specifically, a small amount of barnacles P are intentionally attached to the attracting surface 15s in advance as a cage for attracting new barnacles.

  Thus, in order to intentionally attach the barnacle P only to the attracting surface 15s on one side of the long plate member 15, for example, the following method is conceivable. First, the long plate-like member 15 is submerged in the sea, and when the barnacles are attached to both the front and back surfaces of the long plate-like member 15, the other barnacles are physically removed while leaving only some barnacles attached to the attracting surface 15s. To remove.

  The long plate-like member 15 can be rotated about 90 ° in the sea by a hinge mechanism having a lower end side 15 a held by the support member 9 as a support shaft. That is, when the upper edge 15b of the long plate-like member 15 is connected to the sea surface buoy 17, the long plate-like member 15 stops in a state where the reflecting surface 15t is opposed to the side surface B2 of the ship B in the sea. When the ship B leaves the quay 3, the upper edge 15b is released from the buoy 17 so that the long plate member 15 does not become an obstacle, and the long plate member 15 faces the attracting surface 15s downward substantially horizontally. Rotate to stop and stop.

  Further, a long plate-like member 21 having a reflection function and a function of attracting barnacles is also attached to the side wall 3 a of the quay 3. The long plate upper member 21 extends in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. 1, and a reflection surface 21 t that reflects light is provided on the front side when viewed from the underwater projector 7, and the reflection surface 21 t is provided on the back surface of the reflection surface 21 t. Is provided with an attracting surface 21s to which a small amount of barnacles P are intentionally attached in advance. The long plate-like member 21 is attached to the side wall 3a in an inclined state so that sunlight does not directly hit the attracting surface 21s.

  When the ship 3 is moored to such a quay 3 for a long time, it becomes a problem that a barnacle will adhere to the part (ship bottom B1 and underwater side B2) which exists in the sea among the hulls of the ship 3. . Here, according to the study by the present inventors, it has been found that the attached animal is difficult to adhere to the place where the light hits even in the portion of the hull below the sea level. This is thought to be due to the fact that the barnacle larvae in the sea before adhering have the property of hating light. Based on this knowledge, the antifouling equipment 1 is provided with the above-described underwater floodlight 7 and irradiates light to the bottom B1 of the moored ship B. Furthermore, the light of the underwater projector 7 is reflected by the reflecting surfaces 15t and 21t of the long plate-like members 15 and 21, and the hull side surface B2 is also irradiated with the light. Such a configuration of the facility 1 makes it difficult for barnacle larvae that dislike light to adhere to the ship bottom B1 and the side surface B2, and as a result, adhesion of the barnacle to the hull can be suppressed.

  Further, it is known that attached animals such as barnacles have a property that they are particularly easily attached in the vicinity of a place where another individual is already attached. This is thought to be because the barnacles need to adhere to places where the density of barnacles is high in order to reproduce after attachment. And based on this knowledge, in the antifouling equipment 1, the barnacle barnacle P is intentionally attached to the attracting surface 15 s of the long plate-like member 15 and the attracting surface 21 s of the long plate upper member 21 in advance. .

  These attracting surfaces 15 s and 21 s are both located on the back side when viewed from the underwater projector 7 and do not receive light from the underwater projector 7, so that barnacles that dislike light are relatively easily attached. In addition, the attracting surfaces 15 s and 21 s have conditions that make it easier to attract barnacles, in combination with the presence of the coral barnacle P on the attracting surfaces 15 s and 21 s. Accordingly, the barnacles existing on the quay 3 are attracted and attached to the attracting surfaces 15s and 21s in particular, so that the number of barnacles adhering to the bottom B1 and the side surface B2 of the ship B is reduced, and as a result, the barnacles adhere to the hull. Can be suppressed.

  Here, the long plate upper members 15 and 21 in which the barnacles P are attached in advance to the attracting surfaces 15s and 21s are used, but the barnacles P to be attached in advance may be omitted. In this case, the attracting surfaces 15 s and 21 s are located on the back surface side when viewed from the underwater projector 7, so that they do not receive light directly from the underwater projector 7 and the first barnacle P is likely to adhere. And once the barnacle P adheres to the attracting surfaces 15s and 21s, a new barnacle P is attracted and easily attached. Thus, even if the barnacle barnacle P is omitted, the attracting surfaces 15s and 21s realize a function of attracting the barnacle P. However, from the viewpoint of ensuring the attraction of the barnacle P, it is preferable to attach the barnacle barnacle P.

  As a method for suppressing the attachment of barnacles, a method of applying a chemical substance having toxicity to the hull has been generally used, but there has been a problem of marine contamination by chemical substances eluted in seawater. In addition, since it takes a certain amount of time for chemical substances to elute sufficiently, the concentration of chemical substances may not be sufficient immediately after mooring of the ship. There may be a case where a sufficient effect cannot be obtained. On the other hand, in the antifouling equipment 1 described above, since no chemical substance is used, marine pollution does not occur, and a sufficient barnacle suppression effect can be exhibited during mooring.

  Moreover, in this antifouling equipment 1, since all elements, such as the underwater floodlight 7, and the long plate-like members 15 and 21, are provided under the sea surface, the berthing of the ship B to the quay 3 is smoothly performed. Can be made. Moreover, such antifouling equipment 1 can be additionally provided in existing quayside equipment. In addition, the antifouling equipment 1 has a simple structure using simple elements such as the underwater floodlight 7 and the long plate-like members 15 and 21, so that it can be introduced with a relatively low budget, and maintenance work is also required. small. Further, the long plate-like members 15 and 21 have a function as a reflecting plate and a function as an attached animal attracting plate, and make effective use of the front and back surfaces, thereby making it possible to reduce the size and space of the equipment. .

  Moreover, as a light projection means which irradiates light to the part under the sea surface of the ship B, for example, reflecting sunlight and irradiating the ship bottom is also considered. Compared with such a method, the antifouling equipment 1 described above uses the underwater floodlight 7 as a light source, and thus is superior in that it can suppress the attachment of barnacles regardless of the weather and at night. As the underwater projector 7, a halogen lamp, an incandescent projector, or the like can be used.

  Subsequently, specific dimensions and the like of the antifouling equipment 1 will be described. For example, if the width of the ship B is about 45 m, the distance from the side wall 3a to the long plate member 15 may be about 48 m. The support member 9 is provided with seven underwater projectors 7 at an interval of about 6 m, and the position of the underwater projector 7 may be about 4 m below the ship bottom B1. And if each underwater floodlight 7 uses an output of 200 to 1000 W and a luminous intensity of about 10000 cd, and the light transmittance of seawater is 0.3, the illuminance of the ship bottom B1 is about 13 to 200 Lx. Actually, the distance from the bottom B1 of the underwater floodlight 7, the output (wattage) of the underwater floodlight 7, the number of underwater floodlights 7, etc. are adjusted so that the brightness of the bottom B1 becomes the brightness that can suppress the attachment of barnacles. .

(Second Embodiment)
The antifouling equipment 51 shown in FIG. 2 is provided below the sea surface at the quay 53 where the ship is moored, and prevents the hull of the ship B from being polluted.

  The underwater projector 7 is fixed to the support member 9 of the antifouling equipment 51 in an oblique direction. Furthermore, a large number of long plate members 71 having the same configuration as the long plate member 21 are attached to the support member 9. That is, the upper surface of the long plate-like member 71 is a reflecting surface 71t that reflects light, and the lower surface that does not receive the light of the underwater projector 7 is an attracting surface 71s to which a barnacle barnacle P is intentionally attached. . Then, by adjusting the light emitting direction of the underwater projector 7 and the inclination of the long plate upper member 71, the reflection surface 71t reflects the light of the underwater projector 7, and irradiates the reflected light toward the ship bottom B1. It has become. According to such a structure, the light from the underwater projector 7 can be efficiently irradiated to ship bottom B1 and side B2. Therefore, in the antifouling equipment 51, the number of the underwater projectors 7 can be reduced as compared with the antifouling equipment 1.

  In this case, if six underwater projectors 7 having an output of 200 to 1000 W and a luminous intensity of about 10000 cd are used and the light transmittance of seawater is 0.3, the illuminance of the ship bottom B1 is about 39 to 103 Lx. Actually, the distance from the bottom B1 of the underwater floodlight 7, the output (wattage) of the underwater floodlight 7, the number of underwater floodlights 7, etc. are adjusted so that the brightness of the bottom B1 becomes the brightness that can suppress the attachment of barnacles. .

  In this antifouling equipment 51, the same or equivalent constituent parts as those of the antifouling equipment 1 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  The present invention is not limited to the first and second embodiments. For example, as shown in the first and second embodiments, rather than shining light on the ship bottom B1 or side B2 as a whole, for example, concentrate on a place where it is difficult for normal sunlight to hit, such as the lower surface of a ship bilge keel. You may make it shine. Moreover, although the said 1st and 2nd embodiment demonstrated suppression of adhesion of a barnacle, this invention is applicable also to suppression of adhesion organisms other than a barnacle. It should be noted that the suppression of attachment of attached organisms using light as in the present invention can be used not only for antifouling of ships, but also for antifouling of underwater parts of offshore structures such as artificial floating islands.

It is a figure which shows 1st Embodiment of the antifouling equipment of the hull which concerns on this invention, and the moored ship, and is the side view seen from the back of a ship. It is a figure which shows 2nd Embodiment of the antifouling equipment of the hull which concerns on this invention, and the moored ship, and is the side view seen from the back of a ship.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,51 ... Antifouling equipment, 3 ... Quay (mooring place), 7 ... Underwater floodlight (light projection means, lighting device), 15, 21, 71 ... Long plate-like member (attached animal attracting plate, reflector, plate shape) Member), 15s, 21s, 71s ... attraction surface, 15t, 21t, 71t ... reflection surface, B ... ship, P ... barnacle (adherent animal).

Claims (10)

In hull antifouling equipment to prevent pollution of the hull of a ship moored at sea,
A hull antifouling facility comprising light projecting means for irradiating light to a portion of the hull in the sea at a mooring place of the ship.   The hull antifouling equipment according to claim 1, wherein the light projecting unit includes a lighting device that emits light. An attached animal attraction board for attracting attached animals provided in the sea at the mooring place of the ship;
The attached animal attracting plate is:
The antifouling equipment for a hull according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an attracting surface located on a rear surface side when viewed from the light projecting means. A reflection plate that is provided in the sea at the mooring place of the ship and reflects the light of the light projecting means;
The reflector is
The antifouling equipment for a hull according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a reflective surface that irradiates reflected light toward an underwater portion of the hull. It further comprises a plate-like member provided in the sea at the mooring place of the ship,
The plate-like member is
The reflective surface which reflects the light of the said light projection means, and irradiates reflected light toward the underwater part of the said hull, and the attraction surface located in the back surface of the said reflective surface, It has characterized by the above-mentioned. The hull antifouling equipment described in 2. In the antifouling method of the hull to prevent the hull of the ship moored at sea,
A hull antifouling method comprising a light projecting step of irradiating light from a light projecting means provided in the sea at a mooring location of the ship to an underwater portion of the hull.   The hull antifouling method according to claim 6, wherein the light projecting unit includes a lighting device that emits light. In the light projecting step,
An attached animal attracting board for attracting attached animals is provided in the sea at the mooring place of the ship,
The attached animal attracting plate is:
8. The hull antifouling method according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising an attracting surface located on a rear surface side when viewed from the light projecting means. In the light projecting step,
A reflector that reflects the light of the light projecting means is provided in the sea at the mooring location of the ship;
The reflector is
The hull antifouling method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, further comprising a reflective surface that irradiates reflected light toward a portion of the hull in the sea. In the light projecting step,
A plate-like member is provided in the sea at the mooring place of the ship,
The plate-like member is
The reflective surface which reflects the light of the said light projection means, and irradiates reflected light toward the underwater part of the said hull, and the attraction surface located in the back surface of the said reflective surface, It has characterized by the above-mentioned. 7. The hull antifouling method according to 7.

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