JP2008303643A - Rotation braking device for crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotation braking device for a hydraulic crusher which can enhance a braking force without increasing the number of brake units, cost, an installation space, the mass of a machine body, etc., and can prevent or minimize the early abrasion of a braking section. <P>SOLUTION: The rotation braking device 20 is for use in the hydraulic crusher 10 having a rotation mechanism 30 for rotating a crusher body 1, and provided with a dust-proofing unit 40 having a dust seal 6 for preventing the infiltration of a foreign matter into the braking section of the rotation braking device 20. The dust-proofing unit 40 has a seal pressing force adjusting means which presses the dust seal 6 to a bracket 2 so as to brake the rotation operation of the crusher body 1, and can adjust its pressing force. Thus the dust seal 6 also functions as an auxiliary rotation brake. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a turning brake device for a crusher that is attached to an arm such as a hydraulic excavator and can be suitably used for a crusher used for dismantling of a concrete or steel structure.

  This type of crusher includes a crusher body that crushes the object to be crushed by crushing, and a bracket that is attached to an arm such as a hydraulic excavator. The bracket and the crusher body are connected via a turning mechanism. Are connected to each other. The turning mechanism is roughly divided into a contact type and a hydraulic rotation type using a hydraulic motor. As the name suggests, the contact type hits the crusher body around and turns the crusher body around the swivel bearing. It is a method.

  Here, the turning mechanism part of this kind of crusher is provided with the turning bearing which supports a crusher main body so that turning is possible. The slewing bearing has an inner ring, an outer ring, and a large number of rolling elements interposed between the inner ring and the outer ring so as to roll freely. The inner ring is fixed to the crusher body, and the outer ring is fixed to the bracket. As a result, the bracket becomes the fixed side, and the crusher body can freely turn through the turning mechanism.

  Furthermore, the turning mechanism used in this type of crusher is equipped with a turning brake device for braking (braking) the turning operation of the crusher body. The swivel brake device has the role of maintaining the posture of the crusher body and preventing it from turning too much when the crusher body is hit against the surroundings. Normally, this type of swivel brake device is a brake pad type and detent type. It is roughly divided into

In the brake pad type, a brake unit having a brake pad as a braking part is provided on the bracket side, and the brake pad is pressed against a member on the side of the crusher body by a spring, so that the crushing machine main body can be turned by its frictional resistance. Braking is applied (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
According to this brake pad type turning brake device, the turning operation of the crusher body is braked by the frictional resistance that presses the brake pad against the crusher body side member. However, there is a problem that it is difficult to position the crusher body at a fixed angle.

  On the other hand, in the detent type, a plurality of conical holes are formed as concave portions along the turning direction of the crusher body on the crusher body side. Then, on one bracket side, a steel ball that is pressed by a spring toward the conical hole at a position facing the conical hole on the crusher body side and that is opposed to the conical hole so as to escape is provided. The brake unit which has as a convex part is attached. And the brake part is comprised by the steel ball and conical hole of this brake unit, and, thereby, the turning operation | movement of the crusher main body is braked by the resistance when a steel ball escapes from a conical hole ( For example, see Patent Document 2).

  According to this detent type turning brake device, the stop position of the crusher main body is held at a predetermined position by the position where the plurality of conical holes are provided. There is an advantage that the airframe can be easily held at a predetermined position (predetermined angle). However, there is a problem that at the position where the steel ball is out of the conical hole, sufficient braking cannot be applied (no braking occurs).

In any case, the conventional turning brake device for crushers has a "pressing force" that is the strength of pressing the brake pads and steel balls against the crusher body side, and the diameter that presses the brake pads and steel balls against the crusher body side. The “brake diameter” that is the position in the direction is a factor that greatly affects the magnitude of the braking force (braking force).
Here, the above-described turning brake device is usually configured to have a plurality of brake units, and further, brake parts (brake pads and steel balls, and brake pads and steel balls) of each brake unit. A dustproof unit having a dust seal for preventing foreign matter from entering the portion that is pressed against the main body side is mounted. In other words, the crusher is exposed to a large amount of dust and small pieces of crushed objects in its crushing operation, but by providing a dustproof unit in the swing brake device, Intrusion of foreign matter such as dust and small pieces is prevented, thereby preventing troubles such as premature wear of the braking portion.

For example, FIGS. 3 and 4 show an example of a detent-type turning brake device.
As shown in FIG. 3A, the conventional turning brake device 120 is normally equipped with the brake units 4 at four locations. As shown in FIGS. 3B and 4, the dust seal 105 of the dust-proof unit usually has an annular iron main body portion 105 b, and at the tip of the main body portion 105 b, a seal of the dust seal 105 is provided. A resin seal 105a to be a part is attached. The seal 105a is in contact with the upper surface of the inner ring 3a of the slewing bearing and is freely slidable. As a result, the seal 105a is in contact with the crusher body 1 so that the periphery of the conical hole 3c serving as a braking portion is closed. This prevents foreign matter from entering the braking section.
JP 58-24627 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-40218 (FIGS. 6 to 8)

  By the way, in a large-sized hydraulic crusher, the inertial force at the time of turning increases rapidly by the increase in the mass and the distance from the turning center by the enlargement of the body. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the braking force of the turning brake device according to the increase in size of the airframe. However, simply increasing the braking force by increasing the “brake diameter” based on the increase in the size of the aircraft is not sufficient to cover all of the increase in inertial force.

  Therefore, as a measure for increasing the braking force of the turning brake device, it is conceivable to increase the number of the brake units described above or increase the size of the brake units. However, the brake unit is usually equipped in four places like the brake unit 4 shown in FIG. 3 (a), and increasing the number of brake units or increasing the size further It is not preferable in terms of cost and also in suppressing an increase in installation space and body mass. Furthermore, since the attachment portion of the brake unit 4 is an open portion, the strength as a structure is also reduced.

  Further, as another measure for increasing the braking force of the turning brake device, for example, increasing the “pressing force” can be considered. However, if the “pressing force” is simply increased, it is inevitable that the steel balls, the conical holes, or the brake pads will wear quickly. In addition, in the brake pad type, if the area of the brake pad is increased, the increase in surface pressure can be suppressed due to the pressure dispersion effect due to the increase in size even if the "pressing force" is increased, thus solving the problem of brake pad wear. I can expect that. However, as for the enlargement by increasing the area of the brake pad, as described above, the problems of the cost increase of the turning brake device, the increase in installation space, and the increase in the mass of the aircraft remain as inevitable issues.

  On the other hand, in the detent method, it is necessary to apply a force that overcomes the resistance of the steel ball to get over the conical hole to move to another adjacent conical hole. Therefore, unless the stroke of the spring required to escape from the conical hole is increased, the braking force cannot be increased even if the brake unit is enlarged. However, increasing the stroke of the spring means that the “pressing force” immediately before the steel ball escapes from the conical hole is increased, and furthermore, since the steel ball and the conical hole are in point contact with each other, the brake pad described above is used. Unlike the equation, since there is no pressure dispersion effect due to an increase in size, it is difficult to avoid an increase in wear of the braking portion.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made paying attention to such problems, and can increase the braking force without increasing the number of brake units, cost, installation space, airframe mass, etc. It aims at providing the turning brake device for hydraulic crushers which can prevent or control early wear of this.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a crusher body that crushes and crushes an object to be crushed, a bracket that is attached to an arm such as a hydraulic excavator, and the crusher body that is pivotable with respect to the bracket. And having a convex portion disposed so as to face the plurality of concave portions provided along the turning direction on the member on the side of the crusher. In addition, a plurality of brake units that brake the turning operation of the crusher main body by the resistance when the convex part escapes from the concave part, and dust or small pieces of objects to be crushed to the braking parts of the plurality of brake units And a dust brake unit having a dust seal for preventing intrusion of foreign matter in the swivel mechanism unit, wherein the dust seal unit is configured to connect the dust seal to the crusher body. With pressing the bracket side of the member so as to brake the turning operation, it is characterized by having an adjustable sealing pressing force adjusting means the strength to press the.

  According to the turning brake device for a crusher according to the present invention, the dustproof unit has the seal pressing force adjusting means, and the seal pressing force adjusting means brackets the dust seal so as to brake the turning operation of the crusher body. Since it presses against the member on the side, the braking force can be applied also by the sliding resistance between the dust seal and the member on the bracket side in addition to the braking force at the plurality of brake units.

  That is, according to the turning brake device for a crusher according to the present invention, since the function as an “auxiliary turning brake” is also given to the dustproof unit, the number of brake units, cost, installation space, body mass, etc. The braking force can be strengthened without increasing, and early wear of the braking portion can be prevented or suppressed. And since this seal pressing force adjustment means can adjust the strength which presses a dust seal against the member by the side of a bracket so that turning operation of a crusher body may be braked, it brakes turning operation of a crusher body as an auxiliary turning brake This is suitable for imparting a function to the dustproof unit.

  Here, the swivel mechanism has a swivel bearing that rotatably supports the crusher body with respect to the bracket, and the dust seal is provided in an annular shape along the inner periphery of the inner ring of the swivel bearing. The seal pressing force adjusting means is configured to press the dust seal from the crusher body side toward the bracket side, and is interposed between the bracket and the crusher body. The dust seal is preferably disposed so as to abut against the bracket and to be in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring of the slewing bearing by elastic deformation in the radial direction of the slewing bearing.

  With such a configuration, the dust seal is brought into close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring due to its own elastic deformation when pressed by the seal pressing force adjusting means. It is more preferable to provide the dustproof unit with a function as an auxiliary turning brake while reliably preventing the intrusion of the dust.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the braking force can be strengthened without increasing the number of brake units, the cost, the installation space, the body mass, and the like, and early wear of the braking unit can be prevented or suppressed. A turning brake device for a crusher can be provided.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings as appropriate. FIG. 1 is a view for explaining an embodiment of a turning brake device for a crusher according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 1 (a) is a plan view thereof and FIG. 1 (b) is a front view thereof. FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of the turning brake device shown in FIG. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and demonstrated about the structure similar to the conventional turning brake apparatus illustrated in the said FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the crusher 10 includes a crusher body 1 and a bracket 2. The bracket 2 is fixed to an arm (not shown) on the side of a work carriage such as a hydraulic excavator, and the crusher body 1 is connected to the bracket 2 via a turning mechanism 30. The crusher body 1 has a pair of jaws that are opened and closed by hydraulic pressure, and crushes by crushing the object to be crushed between the pair of jaws. Since it is the same as the known one, its detailed illustration and description are omitted.

  The turning mechanism section 30 includes a turning bearing 3, and the turning bearing 3 is interposed between the inner ring 3a, the outer ring 3b, and the inner ring 3a and the outer ring 3b so as to roll freely. The rolling element 3d is provided. The inner ring 3 a is fixed to the crusher body 1 and the outer ring 3 b is fixed to the bracket 2. Thereby, the bracket 2 becomes a fixed side, and the crusher main body 1 can freely turn through the turning bearing 3 of the turning mechanism portion 30.

Here, the turning mechanism unit 30 is equipped with a turning brake device 20.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1A, the turning brake device 20 is configured by including four brake units 4 in the bracket 2. This brake unit 4 is a detent type brake unit, and as shown in FIG. 1B, the crusher is located at four positions above the inner ring 3a of the swivel bearing 3 on the crusher body 1 side. The main body 1 is installed at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction along the turning direction.

  As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 2, each brake unit 4 includes a cylindrical main body 4h having an annular flange 4t on the outer peripheral surface, and a lid member 4s is mounted on the upper portion of the main body 4h. ing. Further, in the center of the lid member 4s, a female screw 4m penetrating vertically is formed coaxially with the main body portion 4h. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a steel ball 4a, a plunger 4p, a spring 4b, and a set screw 4c are provided in the main body portion 4h in this order from the lower side of the figure. It is screwed into a 4s female thread 4m. On the other hand, a conical hole 3 c is provided as a plurality of recesses along the turning direction of the crusher body 1 in the inner ring 3 a of the turning bearing 3 that is a member on the crusher body 1 side. Each conical hole 3c is formed along the turning direction of the crusher body 1 at a position facing the steel ball 4a.

  Each brake unit 4 is tightened with a set screw 4c so that the steel ball 4a is pressed against the conical hole 3c provided in the inner ring 3a at regular intervals by the spring 4b via the plunger 4p. It is a convex portion disposed so as to face the hole 3c so that it can escape. Thereby, each brake unit 4 brakes the turning operation | movement of the crusher main body 1 by the resistance at the time of the steel ball 4a escaping from the conical hole 3c. The pressing force of the spring 4b of each brake unit 4 can be adjusted by adjusting the tightening amount of the set screw 4c.

Further, the turning brake device 20 includes a dustproof unit 40.
Specifically, the dust-proof unit 40 has a dust seal 6 that prevents foreign matter such as dust and small pieces of the object to be crushed from entering the braking portions (the steel ball 4a and the conical hole 3c) of the plurality of brake units 4. Configured.
The dust seal 6 is made of an elastic material, and is interposed between the bracket 2 and the crusher main body 1 and provided in an annular shape along the inner periphery of the inner ring 3a of the slewing bearing 3, as shown in FIG. Yes. The reason why the dust seal 6 is made of an elastic material is that, as will be described later, when using it as a brake and dust seal, the pressing force is not suddenly reduced by its own wear. Further, the dust seal 6 is required to have wear resistance when used as a brake and dust seal. For this reason, in this embodiment, a urethane material is employed as a material having both elasticity and wear resistance.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a steel seal holding ring 7 is firmly bonded to the lower portion of the dust seal 6 (the end portion on the crusher body 1 side). This seal holding ring 7 has a ring main body portion 7c formed in an annular shape having substantially the same diameter as the dust seal 6, and the inner peripheral side of this ring main body portion 7c (the center side of the swivel bearing 3) is shown in FIG. A flange portion 7 b that protrudes upward (on the bracket 2 side) extends in an annular shape along the inner peripheral surface 6 n of the dust seal 6. Further, on the back surface (the surface on the side of the crusher main body 1) of the ring main body portion 7c, a plurality of hollow portions 7a having a circular shape in plan view are formed at appropriate positions in the center in the radial direction.

Here, the dust-proof unit 40 is provided with seal pressing force adjusting means capable of pressing the dust seal 6 against the back surface 2r of the bracket 2 so as to brake the turning operation of the crusher body 1 and adjusting the pressing strength. Furthermore, it is comprised.
Specifically, the dust-proof unit 40 has a plurality of female screws 1b formed on the upper surface 1a of the crusher body 1 at positions facing the plurality of depressions 7a formed in the seal holding ring 7, A set screw 9 is attached to the female screw 1b. Here, as the set screw 9, a set screw with a hexagonal hole at the end of the rod is used, and the tip 9 s of the set end of the set screw 9 fits into the recess 7 a on the back surface of the steel seal holding ring 7. At the same time, the tip 6s of the dust seal 6 is pressed against the back surface 2r of the bracket 2 as a member on the bracket side. The rotation of the dust seal 6 is restricted by the tip of the set screw 9 being received in the recess 7 a of the seal holding ring 7, whereby the dust seal 6 interposed between the bracket 2 and the crusher body 1 is In other words, it is held in a semi-fixed state.

  The dust seal 6 made of an elastic material is pressed by the set screw 9 from the crusher body 1 side to the bracket 2 side by tightening the set screw 9. As a result, the dustproof unit 40 generates a frictional resistance between the tip 6s of the dust seal 6 and the back surface 2r of the bracket 2, and brakes the turning operation of the crusher body 1 by the frictional resistance. 4 works as an “auxiliary turning brake” for assisting the braking force at 4.

  Further, the dust seal 6 of the dustproof unit 40 is provided so as to bend in the radial direction by being pushed by the set screw 9, whereby the outer peripheral surface 6g of the dust seal 6 is the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 3a. It is comprised so that it may contact | adhere with respect to 3k. As a result, the dust-proof unit 40 can reliably close the periphery of the conical hole 3c serving as a braking portion and prevent foreign matter from entering the braking portion.

  Note that the braking force as the “auxiliary turning brake” by the dust seal 6 of the dust-proof unit 40 can be adjusted by adjusting the tightening amount of the set screw 9, and also when the dust seal 6 is worn, Adjustment can be made by adjusting the tightening amount of the set screw 9. In addition, the tightening position of the set screw 9 is fixed by the double nut 9d after the tightening amount is adjusted, and the loosening of the screw is prevented. Here, in the example of this embodiment, the seal holding ring 7, the set screw 9, the female screw 1b of the crusher body 1, and the double nut 9d described above correspond to the seal pressing force adjusting means.

Next, functions and effects of the turning brake device 20 will be described.
As described above, the turning brake device 20 includes the four brake units 4 and the dust-proof unit 40. The dust-proof unit 40 includes the seal pressing force adjusting means. Since the dust seal 6 interposed between the bracket 2 and the crusher body 1 is pressed from the crusher body 1 side to the bracket 2 side so as to brake the turning operation of the crusher body 1, the dustproof unit 40 is It can also function as an “auxiliary turning brake”. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the load of the braking force due to the pressing force against the conical hole 3c by each brake unit 4 of the turning brake device 20. Therefore, for example, it is possible to prevent or suppress early wear of the conical hole 3c or the steel ball 4a, which is a braking portion of each brake unit 4, which may occur when the pressing force of each brake unit 4 is increased.

  Further, according to this turning brake device 20, the dust seal 6 can be configured with a large difference in occupied space compared to the occupied space of the conventional dust seal 105 illustrated in FIG. Because it is made of urethane material, it can be manufactured by casting, so its productivity is good and manufacturing cost is low. In contrast to the turning brake device 20 according to this embodiment, in the conventional turning brake device 120 illustrated in FIG. 3, the dust seal 105 has a small pressing force of the seal 105a itself, and the pressing force cannot be adjusted. The braking force for the turning operation of the crusher body 1 is solely due to the brake unit 4 and does not assist the braking force.

  Furthermore, according to this turning brake device 20, if the brake unit can be shared with a small crusher, the manufacturing cost can be further reduced. In addition, the dust seal 6 is made of a resin other than the seal holding ring 7. In addition, as described above, since it is not necessary to increase the size of the brake unit, the weight of the airframe can be reduced. That is, according to this turning brake device 20, while clearing the problem of increase in cost, installation space, and airframe mass, it is sufficient to prevent or suppress early wear of the braking portion due to an increase in pressing force in the brake unit 4. Braking force can be obtained. As a result, the manufacturing cost and running cost of the hydraulic crusher 10 can be reduced, and the operability of the turning brake device 20 can be improved, whereby the efficiency of the crushing work using the hydraulic crusher 10 can be improved.

  In addition, when combined with a detent-type turning brake as in this embodiment, in addition to maintaining the posture of the detent-type crusher body and ease of positioning thereof, the turning movement of the crusher body is always constant. It becomes possible to have both of the goodness of a brake pad type that a braking force can be applied. Therefore, according to this turning brake device 20, a turning brake device with better operability can be provided.

As described above, according to the turning brake device 20, the braking force can be strengthened without increasing the number of brake units, cost, installation space, body mass, etc., and early wear of the braking portion can be prevented or suppressed. can do.
The turning brake device for a hydraulic crusher according to the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the seal pressing force adjusting means has been described as an example configured by the seal holding ring 7, the set screw 9, the female screw 1b of the crusher body 1, and the double nut 9d, but is not limited thereto. As long as the seal pressing force adjusting means can press the dust seal 6 against a member on the bracket side so as to brake the turning operation of the crusher main body 1 and can adjust the pressing strength, various configurations are possible. can do.

  Further, for example, in the above embodiment, the dust seal 6 pressed by the seal pressing force adjusting means abuts on the bracket 2 and elastically deforms in the radial direction of the slewing bearing 3, whereby the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 3 a of the slewing bearing 3. However, the present invention is not limited to this. If the dust seal 6 is provided so as to prevent foreign matter from entering the braking portions of the plurality of brake units 4, When pressed by the seal pressing force adjusting means, it is not necessarily arranged so as to be in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 3a of the swing bearing 3. However, in order to provide the dust-proof unit with the function as an “auxiliary turning brake” while reliably preventing foreign matter from entering the braking unit, the dust seal is used by the seal pressing force adjusting means as in this embodiment. It is preferable that it is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring by elastic deformation when pressed.

It is a figure explaining one Embodiment of the turning brake device for crushers which concerns on this invention, the figure (a) is the top view, and the figure (b) is the front view which fractures | ruptures and shows the part. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows the principal part of the turning brake apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the conventional turning brake device for crushers, The figure (a) is the top view, The figure (b) is a front view which fractures | ruptures and shows the part. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows the principal part of the conventional turning brake apparatus shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Crusher body 2 Bracket 3 Slewing bearing 3a Inner ring 3b Outer ring 3c Conical hole (concave)
4 Brake unit 4a Steel ball (convex part)
4b Spring 4c Set screw 6 Dust seal 7 Seal retaining ring 9 Set screw 10 Crusher 20 Rotating brake device 30 Rotating mechanism unit 40 Dust-proof unit

Claims (2)

A crusher provided with a crusher body that crushes by crushing an object to be crushed, a bracket attached to an arm such as a hydraulic excavator, and a turning mechanism that rotatably supports the crusher body with respect to the bracket. The crushing machine main body side member has a convex portion that is disposed so as to be able to escape with respect to a plurality of concave portions provided along the turning direction of the crusher body, and the convex portion escapes from the concave portion. A dust-proof unit having a plurality of brake units that brake the turning operation of the crusher main body by resistance at the time, and a dust seal that prevents foreign matter such as dust and small pieces from entering the braking parts of the plurality of brake units And a turning brake device provided in the turning mechanism unit,
The dust-proof unit has a seal pressing force adjusting means capable of pressing the dust seal against a member on the bracket side so as to brake the turning operation of the crusher body and adjusting the pressing strength. Rotating brake device for crusher. The swivel mechanism has a swivel bearing that rotatably supports the crusher body with respect to the bracket, and the dust seal is provided in an annular shape along the inner ring inner periphery of the swivel bearing, and the bracket And the crusher body,
The seal pressing force adjusting means is configured to press the dust seal from the crusher main body side toward the bracket side, and the pressed dust seal abuts on the bracket and extends in a radial direction of the swivel bearing. 2. The turning brake device for a crusher according to claim 1, wherein the turning brake device is arranged so as to be in close contact with an inner peripheral surface of an inner ring of the turning bearing by elastic deformation.

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