JP2008299133A - Image display medium, drive unit, image display device, and driving program - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To display an image while suppressing a decrease in density of a display color. <P>SOLUTION: A porous layer 34 having a plurality of pores the average diameter of which is larger than the average diameter of color particles 30, and having a color different from that of the color particles 30 is disposed between a display substrate 20 and a back substrate 28. The color particles 30 can move between the display substrate 20 and the back substrate 28 through the pores. Further, cap particles 36 in the same color as that of the porous layer 34 or a transparent color are filled between the display substrate 20 and the porous layer 34 and dispersed in a dispersion liquid 32. The cap particles 36 electrophoretically move between the substrates in accordance with an electric field formed between the substrates. The cap particles 36 are charged into a polarity different from that of the color particles 30. The average diameter of the cap particles 36 is larger than the average diameter of pores in the porous layer 34. Even after application of a voltage between the substrates is stopped, the cap particles 36 moved to the porous layer 34 side maintain the state under application of the voltage by van der Waals' forces or the like. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an image display medium, a drive device, an image display device, and a drive program.

  Conventionally, an image display medium using colored particles is known as an image display medium that can be rewritten repeatedly. Such an image display medium includes, for example, a pair of substrates and colored particles that are enclosed between the pair of substrates and move between the substrates by an applied electric field, and a voltage corresponding to the image is a pair of substrates. By being applied in between, the colored particles are moved, and an image is displayed according to the color of the colored particles.

  In some cases, a porous layer having pores is provided between the substrates for the purpose of improving the contrast of an image to be displayed. For example, in Patent Document 1, by enclosing colored particles between two substrates arranged opposite to each other and arranging a porous layer having pores, the display state and concealment state of the colored particles are controlled. Techniques for displaying images have been proposed. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 36, when the colored particles 300 are positively charged, when a voltage is applied with the polarity of the potential of the display substrate 302 being negative, as shown in FIG. In addition, the colored particles 300 move to the display substrate 302 side, the color of the colored particles 300 is observed, and when the voltage is applied with the polarity of the potential of the display substrate 302 being positive, as shown in FIG. Further, the colored particles 300 move to the back substrate 304 side, the colored particles 300 are concealed by the porous layer 306, and the color of the porous layer 306 is observed.

  In addition, as a method for maintaining image display even after application of voltage is stopped, a method of providing a resistance layer to suppress particle diffusion, a method of attaching colored particles to the substrate surface, and the like have been reported.

  For example, in Patent Document 2, as shown in FIG. 37, a colored particle 310 between two substrates arranged opposite to each other, a first porous region 312 in which the colored particle moves with a first mobility, A technique is proposed in which the second porous layer 314 suppresses the diffusion of the colored particles 310 by arranging the second porous layer 314 in which the colored particles move at a second mobility lower than the first mobility. ing.

On the other hand, when the colored particles are attached to the substrate, the adhesion of the colored particles to the substrate decreases as the colored particles move away from the substrate. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 38, when two or more layers of colored particles are attached to the substrate 320, it is possible to obtain adhesion between the substrate 320 and the first layer of colored particles indicated by the arrow A, but the arrow It is difficult to ensure the adhesion of the colored particles in the second and subsequent layers indicated by B. Further, when the colored particles are attached to the substrate, the colored particles may adhere to the substrate, and the colored particles may not be peeled off from the substrate by an electric field.
JP 2005-107146 A JP 2006-71909 A

  An object of the present invention is to enable display in which a decrease in display color density is suppressed.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, at least one of a pair of substrates having translucency, a liquid sealed between the substrates, and charged and dispersed in the liquid, the substrate A colored particle that moves in accordance with a colored particle moving voltage required to move between, and a void that is disposed between the substrates and has a diameter larger than the diameter of the colored particle, and the colored particle A porous layer of a different color, and is charged and enclosed between one of the pair of substrates and the porous layer, and has an absolute value greater than the colored particle moving voltage necessary for moving between the substrates. A lid particle that moves according to a large lid particle movement voltage and has a diameter larger than the diameter of the hole.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the colored particle moving voltage range and the lid particle moving voltage range do not overlap.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the lid particles have the same color or transparent color as the porous layer.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the lid particles are charged so as to have a polarity opposite to the charged polarity of the colored particles.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the lid particles are charged so as to have the same polarity as the charged polarity of the colored particles.

  In the invention of claim 6, the porous layer is composed of a plurality of large-diameter particles larger than the colored particles.

  According to a seventh aspect of the invention, the colored particles are composed of colored particles of a plurality of colors, and the absolute value of the colored particle moving voltage is different for each color.

  The invention according to claim 8 is necessary for moving between a pair of substrates, at least one of which has translucency, a liquid sealed between the substrates, and being charged and dispersed in the liquid. A colored particle that moves in response to a colored particle moving voltage; a porous layer that is disposed between the substrates and has pores having a diameter larger than the diameter of the colored particle; and a color different from that of the colored particle; The colored particle moving voltage required to move between the substrates, charged between one of the pair of substrates and the porous layer, charged to have a polarity opposite to the charged polarity of the colored particles So that the first lid particles having a diameter larger than the diameter of the holes move in accordance with the first lid particle movement voltage having an absolute value larger than the first lid particles, and have a polarity opposite to the charged polarity of the colored particles. Charged and the other of the pair of substrates and the porous layer Is moved in accordance with a second lid particle movement voltage having an absolute value larger than the first lid particle movement voltage necessary for moving between the substrates, and has a diameter larger than the diameter of the hole. And a second lid particle.

  Invention of Claim 9 is a drive device which drives an image display medium given in any 1 paragraph of the above-mentioned Claims 1-7, and is a voltage application means which applies a voltage between the pair of substrates, Depending on whether the color of the colored particles is displayed or the color of the porous layer is displayed, at least one of the colored particle moving voltage and the lid particle moving voltage is selectively selected according to a predetermined sequence. Control means for controlling the voltage application means so as to be applied between the substrates.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, when the control means displays the color of the colored particles, the lid particle movement voltage of one polarity, the colored particle movement voltage of the other polarity, and the lid particle movement of the other polarity The voltage application means is controlled so as to apply a voltage between the substrates in the order of voltage.

  According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, the image display medium is the image display medium according to the seventh aspect, and when the control means displays a predetermined color of the plurality of colors, The absolute value of the lid particle moving voltage, the colored particle moving voltage of the predetermined color of the other polarity, the colored particle moving voltage of the color other than the predetermined color of one polarity is smaller than the colored particle moving voltage of the predetermined color, The voltage application means is controlled so as to apply a voltage between the substrates in the order of the colored particle moving voltage closest to the colored particle moving voltage of the predetermined color and the lid particle moving voltage of the other polarity. .

  According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, the image display medium is the image display medium according to the seventh aspect, and the control unit displays a mixed color of at least two of the plurality of colors. Controlling the voltage application means to apply the lid particle movement voltage of one polarity between the substrates, and then applying the voltage to apply the lid particle movement voltage of the other polarity between the substrates. While controlling the means, each of the colored particle moving voltages of the at least two colors of the other polarity and the coloring of any one color other than the at least two colors of the one polarity Among the particle movement voltages, each of the colored particle movement voltages having an absolute value smaller than the colored particle movement voltage of any one color and closest to the colored particle movement voltage of any one color is ordered in descending order of the absolute value. And one polarity and the other As polar and it is alternately, and controls the voltage applying means to apply between the substrates.

  In the invention of claim 13, when the control means displays the color of the porous layer, the lid particle movement voltage of one polarity and the lid particle movement voltage of the other polarity are arranged between the substrates in the order. The voltage applying means is controlled so as to apply a voltage.

  A fourteenth aspect of the invention is a drive device for driving the image display medium according to the eighth aspect, wherein the voltage applying means for applying a voltage between the pair of substrates and the color of the colored particles are displayed. The first lid particle movement voltage having one polarity, the colored particle movement voltage having the other polarity, and the first lid particle movement voltage having the other polarity, in order of applying the voltage between the substrates. When controlling the voltage application means to display the color of the porous layer, the first lid particle movement voltage of one polarity and the second lid particle movement voltage of one polarity are arranged between the substrates in this order. And a control means for controlling the voltage application means so as to apply a voltage thereto.

  According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, the image display medium according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, a voltage applying unit that applies a voltage between the pair of substrates, and a color of the colored particles are displayed. Or at least one of the colored particle movement voltage and the lid particle movement voltage is selectively applied between the substrates according to a predetermined sequence, depending on whether the color of the porous layer is displayed. Control means for controlling the voltage application means.

  According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in the image display medium according to the eighth aspect, a voltage applying unit that applies a voltage between the pair of substrates, and the color of the colored particles when the color of the colored particles is displayed. The voltage application means is controlled to apply a voltage between the substrates in the order of one lid particle movement voltage, the colored particle movement voltage of the other polarity, and the first lid particle movement voltage of the other polarity. When displaying the color of the porous layer, the voltage is applied between the substrates in the order of the first lid particle movement voltage of one polarity and the second lid particle movement voltage of one polarity. And a control means for controlling the voltage application means.

  The invention according to claim 17 is a drive program for causing a computer to execute a process for driving the image display medium according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the coloring is performed between the pair of substrates. Depending on whether to display the color of the particles or the color of the porous layer, at least one of the colored particle moving voltage and the lid particle moving voltage is selectively applied in accordance with a predetermined sequence. Applying to the means.

  The invention of claim 18 is a drive program for causing a computer to execute the process of driving the image display medium according to claim 8, wherein the first lid particle moving voltage of one polarity, the one of the other polarity A step of displaying the color of the colored particles by applying a voltage between the pair of substrates in the order of the colored particle moving voltage and the first lid particle moving voltage of the other polarity; The color of the porous layer is displayed by causing voltage application means to apply a voltage between the pair of substrates in the order of the first lid particle movement voltage and the second lid particle movement voltage of one polarity. And a step of performing.

  According to the present invention, the lid particles block the pores of the porous layer, so that the colored particles are prevented from diffusing after the voltage application is stopped, and the display can be performed while suppressing the decrease in the density of the display color. An effect is obtained.

Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, about the member which has the substantially same function, the same code | symbol may be attached | subjected through all the drawings and the overlapping description may be abbreviate | omitted. In each drawing, the scale of each part is appropriately changed and displayed for easy visual recognition.
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an image display apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a state before image display.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the image display device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a display substrate 20 formed by laminating a transparent electrode 14 and a surface layer 16 on a transparent support substrate 18, and a display substrate. The image display medium 12 includes a back substrate 28 that is disposed so as to be opposed to the substrate 20 with a gap and is formed by laminating an electrode 22 and a surface layer 24 on a support substrate 26.

  Further, between the display substrate 20 and the back substrate 28, the colored particles 30 and a light-transmitting dispersion liquid 32 (transparent liquid) are sealed, and the colored particles 30 are formed according to the electric field formed between the substrates. Electrophoresis between. The colored particles 30 are positively or negatively charged. For example, in the present embodiment, the colored particles 30 are positively charged.

  When the color of the colored particles 30 is black, for example, black pigment particles such as carbon black, manganese ferrite black, and titanium black, or resin particles containing these can be used. As the pigment or dye, for example, a general pigment or dye used for printing ink or color toner can be used.

  The colored particles 30 generally have a volume average particle size of 0.01 μm to 10 μm, preferably 0.03 μm to 3 μm, but are not limited thereto. When the volume average particle diameter of the colored particles 30 is smaller than the above range, the charged amount of the colored particles 30 is decreased, and the moving speed in the dispersion liquid 32 may be decreased. That is, display responsiveness may deteriorate. On the contrary, when the volume average particle diameter of the colored particles 30 is larger than the above range, the followability is good, but precipitation due to its own weight and a decrease in memory performance may easily occur. The volume average particle diameter of the colored particles 30 was measured by “Nikkiso UPA-9230”.

  As the light-transmitting dispersion liquid 32, a colorless and transparent liquid having insulating properties is preferable. For example, hydrocarbon solvents such as silicon, toluene, xylene, inparaffin, and normal paraffin can be used.

  Further, a porous layer 34 having a color different from that of the colored particles 30 is disposed between the display substrate 20 and the back substrate 28. The porous layer 34 has a plurality of pores whose average diameter is larger than the average diameter of the colored particles 30. The colored particles 30 can move from the display substrate 20 side to the back substrate 28 side or from the back substrate 28 side to the display substrate 20 side through holes. The porous layer 34 is formed of a polymer, acrylic, or the like, and is a white layer in the present embodiment.

  Further, between the display substrate 20 and the porous layer 34, lid particles 36 having the same color or transparent color as the porous layer 34 are enclosed and dispersed in the dispersion liquid 32. The lid particles 36 are electrophoresed between the substrates according to the electric field formed between the substrates. The lid particles 36 are charged with a polarity different from that of the colored particles 30, and are negatively charged in the present embodiment, for example. The average diameter of the lid particles 36 is larger than the average diameter of the pores in the porous layer 34. The lid particles 36 are formed of a polymer, acrylic, or the like, similar to the porous layer 34, and are white particles in this embodiment. In addition, the lid particles 36 that have moved to the porous layer 34 side are maintained in a state where a voltage is applied by van der Waals force or the like even after the application of the voltage between the substrates is stopped.

  In addition, the image display device 10 includes a drive device 38 that includes a voltage application unit 40, a control unit 42, and an image storage unit 44.

  The voltage application unit 40 is connected to each of the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. That is, an electric field is formed between the substrates by applying a voltage to the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22 by the voltage applying unit 40. The transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22 are only required to form a desired electric field between the substrates, and may be separated from the display substrate 20 and the back substrate 28 and disposed outside the image display medium 12.

  The voltage application unit 40 is connected to a control unit 42, and an image storage unit 44 is connected to the control unit 42.

  The control unit 42 includes a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a hard disk, and the like. The CPU displays an image on the image display medium 12 according to a program stored in the ROM, the hard disk, or the like. The image storage unit 44 is configured by a hard disk or the like, and stores image data for displaying an image on the image display medium 12. That is, when the control unit 42 controls the voltage application unit 40 according to the image data stored in the image storage unit 44 and applies a voltage between the substrates, the colored particles 30 move according to the voltage, and the image is displayed. Is displayed. Note that the image data stored in the image storage unit 44 may be taken into the image storage unit 44 via various recording media such as a CD-ROM and a DVD and a network.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an applied voltage necessary for moving the colored particles 30 and the lid particles 36 in the image display apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  The colored particles 30 and the lid particles 36 are electrophoresed between the substrates in accordance with the electric field formed between the substrates, but the absolute values of the applied voltages required to move the particles are different. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the voltage ranges necessary for moving each particle are different. Here, the “voltage range necessary for moving the colored particles” means the voltage necessary for the particles to start moving and the change in display density even if the voltage and voltage application time are further increased from the start of movement. It shows the voltage range until it disappears and the display density is saturated.

  The “maximum voltage necessary for moving the colored particles” means a voltage at which the display density does not change and the display density is saturated even if the voltage and voltage application time are further increased from the start of the movement. . The display density is measured by applying a voltage between the display side and the back side while measuring the color density on the display side with an optical density (Optical Density = 0D) reflection densitometer. In addition, if this voltage is gradually changed in the direction of increasing the measured concentration (applied voltage is increased or decreased), the concentration change per unit voltage is saturated, and the voltage and voltage application time are increased in that state. It shows the density when the density is saturated without density change.

  The absolute value | Vc ≦ V ≦ Vc ′ | (the absolute value between “Vc” and “Vc ′”) of the voltage range necessary for moving the negatively charged lid particles 36 is positively charged. The absolute value | V1 ≦ V ≦ V1 ′ | (the absolute value between “V1” and “V1 ′”) of the voltage range necessary for moving the colored particles 30 is set.

  Furthermore, in order to independently drive the colored particles 30 and the lid particles 36, the absolute value | V1 ′ | of the voltage range for moving almost all of the colored particles 30 is a voltage range necessary for moving the lid particles 36. Is set smaller than the absolute value | Vc ≦ V ≦ Vc ′ |. That is, in this embodiment, each particle can be independently driven by setting the voltage ranges necessary for moving each particle so that they do not overlap. Note that “substantially all” means that the characteristics of some particles are different so that some of the characteristics do not contribute to the display characteristics. That is, even if the voltage and the voltage application time are further increased from the start of the movement described above, the display density does not change and the display density is saturated.

  Next, an example of drive control of the image display apparatus 10 executed by the CPU of the control unit 42 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. A program for executing this processing is stored in the ROM of the control unit 42. In the following description, for simplicity of explanation, it is assumed that the electrode 22 on the back substrate 28 side is ground (0 V) and a voltage is applied to the transparent electrode 14 on the display substrate 20 side.

  In step 100, under the control of the control unit 42, the voltage application unit 40 applies the applied voltage “+ Vc ′” that has the maximum absolute value of the voltage range necessary for moving each particle between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. To do. As a result, the negatively charged lid particles 36 move to the display substrate 20 side, and the positively charged colored particles 30 move to the back substrate 28 side, resulting in the state shown in FIG.

  In step 102, it is determined whether or not to display the color of the colored particles 30 based on the image data stored in the image storage unit 44. If the determination is affirmative, the process proceeds to step 104. If the determination is negative, the process proceeds to step 106.

  In step 104, under the control of the control unit 42, the voltage application unit 40 applies an applied voltage “−V1 ′” necessary for moving the colored particles 30 between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. Thereby, the positively charged colored particles 30 move to the display substrate 20 side, and the state shown in FIG. 5 is obtained.

  In step 106, under the control of the control unit 42, the applied voltage “−Vc ′” having the maximum absolute value of the voltage range necessary for the voltage application unit 40 to move each particle between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22 is set. Apply.

  When displaying the color of the colored particles 30, the positively charged colored particles 30 remain moving toward the display substrate 20, and the negatively charged lid particles 36 move toward the porous layer 34. Thereby, the state shown in FIG. 6 is obtained, and the color of the colored particles 30 is displayed.

  On the other hand, when displaying the color of the porous layer 34, the positively charged colored particles 30 are between the back substrate 28 and the porous layer 34, and the negatively charged lid particles 36 are the porous layer 34. Move to the side. As a result, the state shown in FIG. 7 is obtained, and the color of the porous layer 34 is displayed.

  Here, the positively charged colored particles 30 having a threshold voltage lower than that of the lid particles 36 try to move toward the display substrate 20, but before the colored particles 30 reach the porous layer 34, the lid particles 36 are porous. Since the pores of the porous layer 34 are blocked, the colored particles 30 can be prevented from passing through the porous layer 34. For example, by providing the porous layer 34 near the display substrate 20 and reducing the movement distance of the lid particles 36, the lid particles 36 can reach the porous layer 34 before the colored particles 30. . In addition, a resistance layer may be provided on the back substrate 28 side of the porous layer 34 to reduce the moving speed of the colored particles 30.

  The lid particles 36 that have moved to the porous layer 34 side remain attached to the porous layer 34 side by van der Waals force or the like even after the application of voltage between the substrates is stopped.

  In this way, each particle is driven independently, and the color of the colored particle 30 or the color of the porous layer 34 is displayed.

  In this way, the encapsulated lid particles that close the pores of the porous layer by adhering between the substrates, the colored particles that have moved to the one substrate side even after the voltage application between the substrates is stopped Movement to the other substrate side can be prevented, and a display that suppresses a decrease in the color of the colored particles or the color of the porous layer can be achieved.

Although the gradation display is not particularly mentioned in the above, the amount of movement to the display substrate side changes as shown in FIG. 2 by selecting the voltage in the voltage range in which the colored particles move. It is also possible to control the color gradation by appropriately selecting. For example, a display method for displaying the color gradation of the colored particles will be described as an example. After applying the applied voltage “−Vc ′” to display the color of the colored particles, “ By applying a voltage between “+ V1 ≦ V ≦ + V1 ′”, the gradation of the color of the colored particles can be displayed. The gradation display method described above is an example, and gradation display may be performed by other methods.
(Second Embodiment)
Subsequently, an image display apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the first embodiment, the case of enclosing one type of colored particles between the substrates has been described. In the second embodiment, the case of enclosing two types of colored particles will be described. Below, the difference with respect to 1st Embodiment is demonstrated.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an image display apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 shows a state before image display.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the image display device 10 according to the second embodiment encloses first colored particles 52, second colored particles 54 having a different color from the first colored particles 52, and lid particles 36. The image display medium 50 is provided.

  The first colored particles 52 and the second colored particles 54 are sealed between the display substrate 20 and the back substrate 28, dispersed in the dispersion liquid 32, and between the substrates according to the electric field formed between the substrates. Electrophoresis. The first colored particles 52 and the second colored particles 54 are positively or negatively charged. For example, in the present embodiment, they are positively charged. For example, in the present embodiment, the first colored particles 52 are colored black, and the second colored particles 54 are colored in a color other than black and white.

  The lid particles 36 have the same color as the porous layer 34 or a transparent color. The lid particles 36 are enclosed between the back substrate 28 and the porous layer 34, dispersed in the dispersion 32, and formed between the substrates. Electrophoresis is performed between the substrates according to The lid particle 36 is charged to a polarity different from the charging polarity of the first colored particle 52 and the second colored particle 54, and is negatively charged in the present embodiment, for example.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining an applied voltage necessary for moving the first colored particles 52, the second colored particles 54, and the lid particles 36 in the image display apparatus according to the second embodiment. .

  The absolute value | Vc ≦ V ≦ Vc ′ | (the absolute value between “Vc” and “Vc ′”) of the voltage range necessary for moving the negatively charged lid particles 36 is positively charged. The absolute value of the voltage range necessary for moving the first colored particles 52 | V1 ≦ V ≦ V1 ′ | (the absolute value between “V1” and “V1 ′”), and the second The absolute value | V2 ≦ V ≦ V2 ′ | (the absolute value between “V2” and “V2 ′”) of the voltage range necessary for moving the colored particles 54 is set.

  Further, the absolute value | V2 ≦ V ≦ V2 ′ | of the voltage range necessary for moving the second colored particle 54 is the absolute value | V1 of the voltage range necessary for moving the first colored particle 52. ≦ V ≦ V1 ′ |

  Further, in order to independently drive the first colored particles 52, the second colored particles 54, and the lid particles 36, the absolute value | V1 ′ | of the voltage range for moving almost all of the first colored particles 52 is The voltage range for moving the second colored particles 54 is set to be smaller than the absolute value | V2 ≦ V ≦ V2 ′ | of the voltage range necessary for moving the second colored particles 54. Is set to be smaller than the absolute value | Vc ≦ V ≦ Vc ′ | of the voltage range necessary for moving the lid particles 36. That is, in this embodiment, each particle can be independently driven by setting the voltage ranges necessary for moving each particle so that they do not overlap.

  Next, an example of drive control of the image display apparatus executed by the CPU of the control unit 42 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. A program for executing this processing is stored in the ROM of the control unit 42. As in the first embodiment, the description will be made assuming that the electrode 22 on the back substrate 28 side is ground (0 V) and a voltage is applied to the transparent electrode 14 on the display substrate 20 side.

  In step 150, under the control of the control unit 42, the voltage application unit 40 applies the applied voltage “+ Vc ′” that has the maximum absolute value in the voltage range necessary for moving each particle between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. To do. As a result, the negatively charged lid particles 36 move to the display substrate 20 side, and the positively charged first colored particles 52 and the second colored particles 54 move to the back substrate 28 side, as shown in FIG. It will be in the state shown.

  In step 152, based on the image data stored in the image storage unit 44, it is determined whether or not to display the colors by the first colored particles 52 and the second colored particles 54. If the determination is affirmative, the process proceeds to step 154. If the determination is negative, the process proceeds to step 158.

In step 154, the color of the first colored particles 52 is displayed based on the image data stored in the image storage unit 44, or the color mixture of the first colored particles 52 and the second colored particles 54 is displayed. Or whether to display the color of the second colored particles 54. When displaying the color of the first colored particles 52, the process proceeds to step 156, and when displaying the mixed color of the first colored particles 52 and the second colored particles 54, the process proceeds to step 160, where the second coloring is performed. When displaying the color of the particle 54, the process proceeds to step 164. In step 156, the applied voltage “−V1 ′” necessary for the voltage application unit 40 to move the first colored particle 52 between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. "Is applied. Thereby, the positively charged first colored particles 52 move to the display substrate 20 side, and the state shown in FIG. 12 is obtained.

  In step 158, under the control of the control unit 42, the applied voltage “−Vc ′” having the maximum absolute value of the voltage range necessary for the voltage application unit 40 to move each particle between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22 is set. Apply. As a result, the negatively charged lid particles 36 move to the porous layer 34 side.

  When displaying the color of the first colored particles 52, the positively charged first colored particles 52 remain on the display substrate 20, and the positively charged second colored particles 54 are connected to the back substrate 28. In a state between the porous layer 34 and the negatively charged lid particles 36 move to the porous layer 34 side, the state shown in FIG. 13 is obtained, and the color of the first colored particles 52 is displayed.

  In step 160, the voltage application unit 40 applies an applied voltage “−V2 ′” necessary for moving the first colored particles 52 and the second colored particles 54 between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. Thereby, the positively charged first colored particles 52 and second colored particles 54 move to the display substrate 20 side, and the state shown in FIG. 14 is obtained.

  When displaying the mixed color of the first colored particles 52 and the second colored particles 54, the first colored particles 52 and the second colored particles 54 that are positively charged are processed by the processing of Step 158. 15, the negatively charged lid particles 36 move to the porous layer 34 side, and the state shown in FIG. 15 is obtained, and the color mixture of the first colored particles 52 and the second colored particles 54 is displayed. .

  In step 162, the voltage application unit 40 applies an applied voltage “−V2 ′” necessary for moving the first colored particles 52 and the second colored particles 54 between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. Thereby, the positively charged first colored particles 52 and second colored particles 54 move to the display substrate 20 side, and the state shown in FIG. 14 is obtained.

  In step 164, the voltage application unit 40 applies an applied voltage “+ V1 ′” necessary for moving the first colored particles 52 between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. As a result, the positively charged first colored particles 52 move to the back substrate 28 side, resulting in the state shown in FIG.

  When displaying the color of the second colored particles 54, the positively charged second colored particles 54 remain moved to the display substrate 20 and are positively charged by the process of step 158. 52 is a state between the back substrate 28 and the porous layer 34, and the negatively charged lid particles 36 move to the porous layer 34 side, resulting in the state shown in FIG. 17, and the color of the second colored particles 54 Is displayed.

  On the other hand, when displaying the color of the porous layer 34, the positively charged first colored particles 52 and second colored particles 54 are placed between the back substrate 28 and the porous layer 34 by the process of step 158. In a certain state, the negatively charged lid particles 36 move to the porous layer 34 side. As a result, the state shown in FIG. 18 is obtained, and the color of the porous layer 34 is displayed.

  In this way, each particle is driven independently, and the color of the first colored particle 52, the color mixture of the first colored particle 52 and the second colored particle 54, the color of the second colored particle 54, or The color of the porous layer 34 is displayed.

  As described above, in this embodiment, each colored particle can be independently driven and controlled. Therefore, if two kinds of colored particles are used, a quaternary color display and a gradation display with sufficient density are used. Is possible.

  In the above description, the case where two types of colored particles are used has been described. However, image display using three or more types of colored particles is also possible based on the same principle.

  With reference to the flowchart of FIG. 19, an example of drive control of the image display apparatus when N types (N is an integer of 3 or more) of colored particles is used will be described. The color of the colored particles is different for each type, the color of the first colored particle is color 1, the color of the second colored particle is color 2,..., And the color of the Nth colored particle is color N. .

  Each colored particle is positively charged, and the absolute value of the voltage range necessary to move each colored particle is such that the absolute value of the color having a large number is large (| V1 | <| V2 | <. .. << VN |) is set.

  Further, the lid particles are negatively charged, and the absolute value | Vc | of the voltage range necessary for moving the lid particles is the absolute value | VN of the voltage range necessary for moving the Nth colored particles. It is set larger than |.

  In step 200, under the control of the control unit 42, the voltage application unit 40 applies the applied voltage “+ Vc ′” having the maximum absolute value in the voltage range necessary for moving each particle between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. To do. As a result, the negatively charged lid particles 36 move to the display substrate 20 side, and the positively charged N kinds of colored particles move to the rear substrate 28 side.

  In step 202, based on the image data stored in the image storage unit 44, it is determined whether or not to display colors of N types of colored particles. If the determination is affirmative, the process proceeds to step 204. If the determination is negative, the process proceeds to step 210.

  In step 204, based on the image data stored in the image storage unit 44, it is determined which colored particles are used to display the color. When displaying the color of the Mth (M is an integer from 1 to N) colored particles, the process proceeds to Step 206, and the Mth colored particle and the Lth (L is from 1 to (M−1)). When displaying a color mixture with (integer) colored particles, the routine proceeds to step 212.

  In step 206, the voltage application unit 40 applies an applied voltage “−VM ′” necessary for moving the Mth colored particles between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. As a result, the positively charged Mth colored particles, (M-1) th colored particles,..., Second colored particles, and first colored particles move to the display substrate 20 side.

  In step 208, under the control of the control unit 42, the voltage application unit 40 applies the (M-1) th colored particles,..., The second colored particles, the first colored particles between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. An applied voltage “+ V (M−1) ′” necessary for movement is applied. If “M” is “1”, the process of step 208 is not performed.

  In step 210, under the control of the control unit 42, the voltage application unit 40 applies an applied voltage “−Vc ′” necessary for moving each particle between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. As a result, the negatively charged lid particles 36 move to the porous layer 34 side.

  When displaying the color of the Mth colored particles, the positively charged Mth colored particles remain moving to the display substrate 20, and colored particles other than the positively charged Mth colored particles are the back substrate 28. The negatively charged lid particles are moved to the porous layer 34 side in a state between the porous layer 34 and the porous layer 34, and the color of the Mth colored particles is displayed.

  In step 212, the voltage application unit 40 applies an applied voltage “−VM ′” necessary for moving the Mth colored particles between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. As a result, the positively charged Mth colored particles, (M-1) th colored particles,..., Second colored particles, and first colored particles move to the display substrate 20 side.

  In step 214, under the control of the control unit 42, the voltage application unit 40 applies the (M-1) th colored particles,..., The second colored particles, the first colored particles between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. An applied voltage “+ V (M−1) ′” necessary for movement is applied.

  In Step 216, the voltage application unit 40 applies an applied voltage “−VL ′” necessary for moving the Lth colored particles between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. Accordingly, the positively charged Lth colored particles, (L-1) colored particles,..., Second colored particles, and first colored particles move to the display substrate 20 side. When “L” is “M−1”, the processing of step 214 and step 216 is not performed.

  In step 218, the voltage application unit 40 supplies the (L-1) th colored particles,..., The second colored particles, and the first colored particles between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22 under the control of the control unit 42. An applied voltage “+ V (L−1) ′” necessary for movement is applied.

  In the case of displaying a mixed color of the Mth colored particles and the Lth colored particles, the positively charged Mth colored particles and Lth colored particles remain moved to the display substrate 20 by the process of Step 210. In addition, the colored particles other than the positively charged Mth colored particles and the Lth colored particles are between the back substrate 28 and the porous layer 34, and the negatively charged lid particles are in the porous layer 34. The mixed color of the Mth colored particles and the Lth colored particles is displayed.

  On the other hand, when displaying the color of the porous layer 34, the positively charged N kinds of colored particles are negatively charged in the state between the back substrate 28 and the porous layer 34 by the process of step 210. The lid particles move to the porous layer 34 side. Thereby, the color of the porous layer 34 is displayed.

  In this way, each particle is driven independently, and the color of the Mth colored particle, the mixed color of the Mth colored particle and the Lth colored particle, or the color of the porous layer 34 is displayed.

  Note that when displaying a mixed color of three or more colors, the same processing as the processing of step 216 and step 218 may be performed according to the color of the colored particles.

When using three kinds of colored particles, colored particles colored in C (cyan), colored particles colored in M (magenta), and colored particles colored in Y (yellow) may be used, Colored particles colored in R (red), colored particles colored in G (green), and colored particles colored in B (blue) may be used.
(Third embodiment)
Subsequently, an image display apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the first embodiment, the case of enclosing one type of lid particles between the substrates has been described. In the third embodiment, the case of enclosing two types of lid particles will be described. Below, the difference with respect to 1st Embodiment is demonstrated.

  FIG. 20 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an image display apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 20 shows a state before image display.

  As shown in FIG. 20, the image display device 10 according to the third embodiment includes an image display medium 60 in which colored particles 30, first lid particles 62, and second lid particles 42 are enclosed.

  The colored particles 30 are sealed between the display substrate 20 and the back substrate 28, are dispersed in the dispersion liquid 32, and are electrophoresed between the substrates according to an electric field formed between the substrates. The colored particles 30 are positively or negatively charged, and are positively charged in the present embodiment, for example.

  The first lid particles 62 have the same color as the porous layer 34 or a transparent color, and are enclosed between the display substrate 20 and the porous layer 34, dispersed in the dispersion liquid 32, and formed between the substrates. Electrophoresis is performed between the substrates according to the applied electric field. The first lid particles 62 are charged to a polarity different from the charging polarity of the colored particles 30 and are negatively charged in the present embodiment, for example.

  Further, the second lid particles 64 are enclosed between the back substrate 28 and the porous layer 34, dispersed in the dispersion liquid 32, and electrophoresed between the substrates according to the electric field formed between the substrates. The second lid particles 64 are charged to a polarity different from the charging polarity of the colored particles 30 and are negatively charged in the present embodiment, for example.

  FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining an applied voltage necessary for moving the colored particles 30, the first lid particles 62, and the second lid particles 64 in the image display device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

  As described above, the applied voltage necessary to move the colored particles 30, the first lid particles 62, and the second lid particles 64 depends on the electric field when each particle is electrophoresed between the substrates. The absolute values of the voltages required for movement are different, and specifically, as shown in FIG. 21, the voltage ranges required for moving each particle are different.

  In addition, the colored particles 30 are positively charged, the first lid particles 62 and the second lid particles 64 are negatively charged, and the absolute value of the voltage range necessary for moving the second lid particles 64 | Vc2 ≦ V ≦ Vc2 ′ | (the absolute value of the value between Vc2 and Vc2 ′) is the absolute value of the voltage range necessary for moving the first lid particle 62 | Vc1 ≦ V ≦ Vc1 ′ | (from Vc1 (The absolute value of the value between Vc1 ') is set larger. Further, the absolute value of the voltage range | Vc1 ≦ V ≦ Vc1 ′ | required to move the first lid particles 62 is the absolute value of the voltage range required to move the colored particles 30 | V1 ≦ V ≦ V1. It is set larger than '| (the absolute value between V1 and V1').

  Further, in order to independently drive the colored particles 30 and the first lid particles 62, the absolute value | V1 ′ | of the voltage range for moving almost all the colored particles 30 is necessary to move the lid particles 36. The absolute value of the voltage range is set smaller than | Vc1 ≦ V ≦ Vc1 ′ |. Further, in order to independently drive the first lid particles 62 and the second lid particles 64, the absolute value | Vc1 ′ | of the voltage range for moving almost all the first lid particles 62 is the second lid. The absolute value | Vc2 ≦ V ≦ Vc2 ′ | of the voltage range necessary for moving the particles 64 is set to be smaller. That is, in this embodiment, each particle can be independently driven by setting the voltage ranges necessary for moving each particle so that they do not overlap.

  Next, an example of drive control of the image display device executed by the CPU of the control unit 42 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. A program for executing this processing is stored in the ROM of the control unit 42. As in the first embodiment, the description will be made assuming that the electrode 22 on the back substrate 28 side is ground (0 V) and a voltage is applied to the transparent electrode 14 on the display substrate 20 side.

  In step 250, under the control of the control unit 42, the voltage application unit 40 applies an applied voltage “+ Vc1 ′” for moving the colored particles 30 and the first lid particles 62 between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. As a result, the positively charged colored particles 30 move to the back substrate 28 side, and the negatively charged first lid particles 62 move to the display substrate 20 side, resulting in the state shown in FIG.

  In step 252, it is determined based on the image data stored in the image storage unit 44 whether or not to display the color by the colored particles 30. If the result is negative, the process proceeds to step 254, and if the result is positive, the process proceeds to step 262.

  In step 254, the voltage application unit 40 applies an applied voltage “+ Vc2 ′” for moving each particle between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. As a result, the negatively charged second lid particles 64 move to the porous layer 34 side, resulting in the state shown in FIG.

  In step 256, it is determined again whether or not to display the color by the colored particles 30 based on the image data stored in the image storage unit 44. If the determination is affirmative, the process proceeds to step 258. If the determination is negative, the process returns to the determination of step 256.

  In step 258, the voltage application unit 40 applies an applied voltage “−Vc2 ′” for moving each particle between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. As a result, the positively charged colored particles 30 and the negatively charged first lid particles 62 move to the porous layer 34 side, and the second lid particles 64 move to the back substrate 28 side. It will be in the state shown in

  In step 260, the voltage application unit 40 applies an applied voltage “+ Vc1 ′” for moving the colored particles 30 and the first lid particles 62 between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. As a result, the positively charged colored particles 30 move to the back substrate 28 side, and the negatively charged first lid particles 62 move to the display substrate 20 side, resulting in the state shown in FIG.

  In step 262, the voltage application unit 40 applies an applied voltage “−V1 ′” for moving the colored particles 30 between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. Thereby, the positively charged colored particles 30 move to the display substrate 20 side, and the state shown in FIG. 27 is obtained.

  In step 262, the voltage application unit 40 applies an applied voltage “−Vc1 ′” for moving the colored particles 30 and the first lid particles 62 between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. Thereby, the negatively charged first lid particles 62 move to the porous layer 34 side, and the state shown in FIG. 28 is obtained.

In step 264, based on the image data stored in the image storage unit 44, it is determined again whether or not to display the color by the colored particles 30. If the determination is affirmative, the process returns to step 264. If the determination is negative, the process returns to the start.
(Fourth embodiment)
Subsequently, an image display apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the first embodiment, the case where the charged polarity of the colored particles and the charged polarity of the lid particles are set to opposite polarities has been described. In the fourth embodiment, the charged polarity of the colored particles and the charged polarity of the lid particles are the same polarity. The case of setting to will be described.

  FIG. 29 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an image display apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 29 shows a state before image display.

  As shown in FIG. 29, the image display apparatus 10 according to the fourth embodiment includes an image display medium 70 in which colored particles 30 and lid particles 72 are enclosed.

  The colored particles 30 are sealed between the display substrate 20 and the back substrate 28, are dispersed in the dispersion liquid 32, and are electrophoresed between the substrates according to an electric field formed between the substrates. The colored particles 30 are positively or negatively charged. For example, in the present embodiment, the colored particles 30 are positively charged.

  The lid particles 72 have the same color as the porous layer 34 or a transparent color, and are enclosed between the back substrate 28 and the porous layer 34, dispersed in the dispersion 32, and formed between the substrates. Electrophoresis is performed between the substrates according to The lid particles 72 are charged with the same polarity as the charging polarity of the colored particles 30, and are positively charged in the present embodiment, for example.

  FIG. 30 is a diagram for explaining an applied voltage necessary for moving the colored particles 30 and the lid particles 72 in the image display apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

  The colored particles 30 and the lid particles 72 are electrophoresed between the substrates according to the electric field formed between the substrates, but the absolute values of the applied voltages required to move the particles are different. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 30, the voltage ranges required for moving each particle are different.

  The absolute value | Vc ≦ V ≦ Vc ′ | (the absolute value between “Vc” and “Vc ′”) of the voltage range necessary to move the positively charged lid particle 72 is positively charged. The absolute value | V1 ≦ V ≦ V1 ′ | (the absolute value between “V1” and “V1 ′”) of the voltage range necessary for moving the colored particles 30 is set.

  Further, in order to independently drive the colored particles 30 and the lid particles 72, the absolute value | V1 ′ | of the voltage range for moving almost all the colored particles 30 is a voltage range necessary for moving the lid particles 72. Is set smaller than the absolute value | Vc ≦ V ≦ Vc ′ |.

  Next, an example of drive control of the image display apparatus executed by the CPU of the control unit 42 will be described. The flow of image display drive control in the fourth embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment, and will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. A program for executing this processing is stored in the ROM of the control unit 42. In the following description, as in the first embodiment, the electrode 22 on the back substrate 28 side is assumed to be ground (0 V) and a voltage is applied to the transparent electrode 14 on the display substrate 20 side.

  In step 100, under the control of the control unit 42, the voltage application unit 40 applies the applied voltage “+ Vc ′” that has the maximum absolute value of the voltage range necessary for moving each particle between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. To do. As a result, the positively charged colored particles 30 and the lid particles 72 move to the back substrate 28 side, and the state shown in FIG. 31 is obtained.

  In step 102, it is determined whether or not to display the color of the colored particles 30 based on the image data stored in the image storage unit 44. If the determination is affirmative, the process proceeds to step 104. If the determination is negative, the process proceeds to step 106.

  In step 104, under the control of the control unit 42, the voltage application unit 40 applies an applied voltage “−V1 ′” necessary for moving the colored particles 30 between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22. Thereby, the positively charged colored particles 30 move to the display substrate 20 side, and the state shown in FIG. 32 is obtained.

  In step 106, under the control of the control unit 42, the applied voltage “−Vc ′” having the maximum absolute value of the voltage range necessary for the voltage application unit 40 to move each particle between the transparent electrode 14 and the electrode 22 is set. Apply.

  When displaying the color of the colored particles 30, the positively charged colored particles 30 are moved to the display substrate 20 side, and the positively charged lid particles 72 are moved to the porous layer 34 side. As a result, the state shown in FIG. 33 is obtained, and the color of the colored particles 30 is displayed.

  On the other hand, when displaying the color of the porous layer 34, the positively charged colored particles 30 are between the back substrate 28 and the porous layer 34, and the positively charged lid particles 72 are in the porous layer 34. Move to the side. As a result, the state shown in FIG. 34 is obtained, and the color of the porous layer 34 is displayed.

  Here, the positively charged colored particles 30 having a lower threshold voltage than the lid particles 72 try to move toward the display substrate 20, but the moving speed of the lid particles 72 is faster than the moving speed of the colored particles 30. Before the particles 30 reach the porous layer 34, the lid particles 72 block the pores of the porous layer 34, and the colored particles 30 can be prevented from passing through the porous layer 34.

In this way, each particle is driven independently, and the color of the colored particle 30 or the color of the porous layer 34 is displayed.
(Fifth embodiment)
Subsequently, an image display apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the first embodiment, the case where the porous layer is disposed between the substrates has been described. In the fifth embodiment, the case where the large-diameter particle layer formed of large-diameter particles is disposed instead of the porous layer. explain. Below, the difference with respect to 1st Embodiment is demonstrated.

  FIG. 35 is a diagram showing a configuration of an image display apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 35, the image display device 10 according to the fifth embodiment has a large diameter formed by large diameter particles 82 having a larger particle diameter than the colored particles 30 between the display substrate 20 and the back substrate 28. An image display medium 80 on which a particle layer 84 is disposed is provided.

  The large-diameter particles 82 are colored white, but are not limited thereto, and may be colored in other colors.

  The colored particles 30 can move between the substrates through a gap formed by the large diameter particles 82. When the diameter of the colored particles 30 is substantially uniform, the size of the large-diameter particles 82 may be 10 times larger than that of the colored particles 30, but the diameter of the colored particles 30 varies, and the colored particles 30 are larger in color. When the particles 30 are included, the colored particles 30 are not clogged between the large diameter particles 82 when the size is 20 times or more. Further, the size is such that the lid particles 36 cannot pass between the large-diameter particles 82. In this embodiment, “substantially uniform” means that the variation in particle diameter is small, for example, about ± 50% of the average particle diameter (when the average particle diameter is 1 μm, it is 0.5 μm to 1.5 μm). Almost all of the particles fall in between, and “substantially all” means “substantially uniform” when the standard deviation is 2σ (95.4%, for example).

  If the particle size is too small, there may be a case where a sufficient particle gap in which the colored particles 30 can move cannot be secured. If the particle size is too large, the substrate gap may become large, resulting in high voltage and a decrease in display speed. When the volume average particle diameter of the large diameter particles 82 is about 10 μm, the colored particles 30 having a volume average particle diameter of several tens to several hundreds of nanometers can move through the gaps between the large diameter particles 82.

  As the large-diameter particles 82, for example, particles in which a white pigment such as titanium oxide, silicon oxide, or zinc oxide is dispersed in polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, PMMA, acrylic resin, phenol resin, formaldehyde condensate, or the like can be used.

  In order to enclose the large-diameter particles 82 between the substrates, for example, an electrophotographic method or a toner jet method is used. For example, the large-diameter particles 82 are encapsulated and then heated (and pressurized if necessary). Thus, by fixing the particle group surface layer of the large-diameter particles 82, it can be fixed while maintaining the particle gap.

  Note that the image display device of each embodiment described above may be configured such that the image display medium and the drive device are separable, and the image display medium may be exchanged depending on the application. In this case, the drive device switches drive control for image display according to the image display medium used in combination.

  Further, the image display drive control according to the embodiment of the present invention described using the flowcharts of FIGS. 3, 10, 19, and 21 may be performed by a hardware configuration such as a circuit board. You may make it carry out by software configurations, such as a program which makes a computer perform a process.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an image display apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an applied voltage necessary for moving each particle in the image display apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of drive control of the image display apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a case where an applied voltage having the maximum absolute value of the voltage range necessary for moving each particle is applied in the image display apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state in which an applied voltage for moving colored particles is applied in the image display apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the color of the colored particles is displayed in the image display apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example in which the color of the porous layer is displayed in the image display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an image display apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining an applied voltage necessary for moving each particle in the image display apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of drive control of the image display apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a case where an applied voltage having the maximum absolute value of a voltage range necessary for moving each particle is applied in the image display apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a state in which an applied voltage for moving the first colored particles is applied in the image display apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the color of the first colored particles is displayed in the image display apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a state in which an applied voltage for moving the second colored particles is applied in the image display apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example in which a color mixture of the first colored particles and the second colored particles is displayed in the image display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a state in which an applied voltage for moving the first colored particles is applied in the image display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example in which the color of the second colored particles is displayed in the image display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example in which the color of the porous layer is displayed in the image display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 19 is a flowchart illustrating an example of drive control of the image display apparatus when there are three or more types of colored particles. FIG. 20 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an image display apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining an applied voltage necessary for moving each particle in the image display apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing an example of drive control of the image display apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating a state in which an applied voltage for moving the first lid particles is applied in the image display device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 24 is a diagram showing an example in which the color of the porous layer is displayed in the image display apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a case where an applied voltage having the maximum absolute value in the voltage range necessary for moving each particle is applied in the image display apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating a state in which an applied voltage for moving the first lid particles is applied in the image display device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating a state in which an applied voltage for moving colored particles is applied in the image display apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an example in which the color of the colored particles is displayed in the image display device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 29 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an image display apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 30 is a diagram for explaining an applied voltage necessary for moving each particle in the image display apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a case where an applied voltage having the maximum absolute value of the voltage range necessary for moving each particle is applied in the image display apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 32 is a diagram illustrating a state in which an applied voltage for moving colored particles is applied in the image display device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 33 is a diagram showing an example in which the color of the colored particles is displayed in the image display apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 34 is a diagram showing an example in which the color of the porous layer is displayed in the image display device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 35 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an image display apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 36 is a diagram illustrating an example of a conventional technique for disposing a porous layer between substrates. FIG. 37 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional technique in which porous layers having different moving speeds are arranged between substrates. FIG. 38 is a diagram for explaining adhesion of colored particles.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Image display apparatus 12 Image display medium 20 Display board | substrate 28 Back substrate 30 Colored particle 34 Porous layer 36 Cover particle 38 Drive apparatus 40 Voltage application part 42 Control part 44 Image storage part 50 Image display medium 52 1st colored particle 54 1st 2 colored particles 60 image display device 62 first lid particle 64 second lid particle 70 image display medium 72 lid particle 80 image display medium 84 large diameter particle layer

Claims (18)

A pair of substrates, at least one of which is translucent,
A liquid sealed between the substrates;
Colored particles that are charged and dispersed in the liquid and move according to a colored particle moving voltage required to move between the substrates;
A porous layer having a diameter larger than the diameter of the colored particles, disposed between the substrates, and having a different color from the colored particles;
It is charged and sealed between one of the pair of substrates and the porous layer, and moves according to the lid particle movement voltage having an absolute value larger than the colored particle movement voltage necessary for moving between the substrates. And lid particles having a diameter larger than the diameter of the pores;
An image display medium comprising:   The image display medium according to claim 1, wherein the range of the colored particle movement voltage and the range of the lid particle movement voltage do not overlap.   The image display medium according to claim 1, wherein the lid particles have the same color or a transparent color as the porous layer.   The image display medium according to claim 1, wherein the lid particles are charged so as to have a polarity opposite to that of the colored particles.   The image display medium according to claim 1, wherein the lid particles are charged so as to have the same polarity as the charged polarity of the colored particles.   The image display medium according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the porous layer includes a plurality of large-diameter particles larger than the colored particles.   The image display medium according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the colored particles are composed of colored particles of a plurality of colors, and an absolute value of the colored particle moving voltage is different for each color. A pair of substrates, at least one of which is translucent,
A liquid sealed between the substrates;
Colored particles that are charged and dispersed in the liquid and move according to a colored particle moving voltage required to move between the substrates;
A porous layer having a diameter larger than the diameter of the colored particles, disposed between the substrates, and having a different color from the colored particles;
From the colored particle moving voltage required to move between the substrates, which is charged between the colored particles and charged between the one of the pair of substrates and the porous layer. A first lid particle that moves in accordance with a first lid particle movement voltage having a large absolute value and has a diameter larger than the diameter of the hole;
The first lid particles that are charged so as to have a polarity opposite to the charged polarity of the colored particles, are enclosed between the other of the pair of substrates and the porous layer, and are necessary for moving between the substrates. A second lid particle that moves in accordance with a second lid particle migration voltage having an absolute value greater than the migration voltage and has a diameter larger than the diameter of the hole;
An image display medium comprising: A driving device for driving the image display medium according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Voltage applying means for applying a voltage between the pair of substrates;
Depending on whether the color of the colored particles is displayed or the color of the porous layer is displayed, at least one of the colored particle moving voltage and the lid particle moving voltage is selectively selected according to a predetermined sequence. Control means for controlling the voltage application means to be applied between the substrates;
A drive device comprising:   When the control means displays the color of the colored particles, the lid particle moving voltage of one polarity, the colored particle moving voltage of the other polarity, and the lid particle moving voltage of the other polarity The drive device according to claim 9, wherein the voltage application unit is controlled to apply a voltage therebetween. The image display medium is the image display medium according to claim 7,
When the control means displays a predetermined color of the plurality of colors, the lid particle moving voltage of one polarity, the colored particle moving voltage of the predetermined color of the other polarity, other than the predetermined color of one polarity The colored particle moving voltage of the color of the color of which the absolute value is smaller than the colored particle moving voltage of the predetermined color and is closest to the colored particle moving voltage of the predetermined color, and the lid particle moving voltage of the other polarity The drive device according to claim 9, wherein the voltage application unit is controlled to apply a voltage between the substrates in the order of. The image display medium is the image display medium according to claim 7,
The control unit controls the voltage application unit to apply the lid particle movement voltage of one polarity between the substrates when displaying a mixed color of at least two of the plurality of colors. Each of the colored particle moving voltages of the at least two colors of the other polarity while controlling the voltage applying means to apply the lid particle moving voltage of the other polarity between the substrates, And one of the at least two or more colors of one polarity, the absolute value is smaller than the colored particle moving voltage of any one color among the colored particle moving voltages other than one of the colors, and any one of the above Each of the colored particle moving voltages closest to the colored particle moving voltage of one color is applied between the substrates in order of increasing absolute value and alternating between one polarity and the other polarity. Control voltage application means Motomeko 9 or drive of claim 11.   When the color of the porous layer is displayed, the control means applies the voltage between the substrates in the order of the lid particle movement voltage of one polarity and the lid particle movement voltage of the other polarity. The drive device according to any one of claims 9 to 12, which controls the voltage application unit. A drive device for driving the image display medium according to claim 8,
Voltage applying means for applying a voltage between the pair of substrates;
When displaying the color of the colored particles, the first lid particle moving voltage of one polarity, the colored particle moving voltage of the other polarity, and the first lid particle moving voltage of the other polarity in the order of the substrate When the voltage application means is controlled so as to apply a voltage between them and the color of the porous layer is displayed, the first lid particle moving voltage of one polarity and the second lid particle of one polarity Control means for controlling the voltage application means so as to apply a voltage between the substrates in the order of moving voltage;
A drive device comprising: The image display medium according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Voltage applying means for applying a voltage between the pair of substrates;
According to whether the color of the colored particles is displayed or the color of the porous layer is displayed, at least one of the colored particle moving voltage and the lid particle moving voltage is selectively selected according to a predetermined sequence. Control means for controlling the voltage application means to be applied between the substrates;
An image display device comprising: The image display medium according to claim 8,
Voltage applying means for applying a voltage between the pair of substrates;
When displaying the color of the colored particles, the first lid particle moving voltage of one polarity, the colored particle moving voltage of the other polarity, and the first lid particle moving voltage of the other polarity in the order of the substrate When the voltage application means is controlled to apply a voltage between them to display the color of the porous layer, the first lid particle moving voltage of one polarity and the second lid of one polarity Control means for controlling the voltage application means to apply a voltage between the substrates in the order of particle movement voltage;
An image display device comprising: A driving program for causing a computer to execute processing for driving the image display medium according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Depending on whether to display the color of the colored particles or the color of the porous layer between the pair of substrates, at least one of the colored particle movement voltage and the lid particle movement voltage is predetermined. A drive program including a step of selectively applying voltage application means according to a predetermined sequence. A drive program for causing a computer to execute processing for driving the image display medium according to claim 8,
In order of the first lid particle movement voltage of one polarity, the colored particle movement voltage of the other polarity, and the first lid particle movement voltage of the other polarity, a voltage is applied between the pair of substrates to the voltage application means. Displaying the color of the colored particles by applying;
By applying a voltage between the pair of substrates in the order of the first lid particle movement voltage of one polarity and the second lid particle movement voltage of one polarity, the porous layer Displaying a color; and
Driving program including