JP2008297123A - Powder/grain material passage opening and closing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent contamination of a powder/grain material such as food, to facilitate maintenance, and to enhance machining accuracy of a sealing part. <P>SOLUTION: This device has a structure in which an inclined face is set to be inclined to an inner peripheral end face 10 in an outer peripheral end face 8, and an end part of the outer peripheral end face 8 is in contact with the inner peripheral end face 10. A gap 13 is formed except a contact surface. The inclined face is inclined to increase the width of the gap 13 as it goes upward. The gap 13 gradually becomes narrower as it goes to the end part just before the end part of the outer peripheral end face 8 is in contact with the inner peripheral end face 10 till the end face 8 is in contact with the end face 10. When the end part of the outer peripheral end face 8 is in contact with the inner peripheral end face 10, they are brought into contact with each other on a lower end face at the end part of the outer peripheral end face 8. Influence of a manufacturing error is made difficult to be received, sealing accuracy is enhanced, and leakage of air is prevented. An inclined angle of the gap 13 (an angle formed by an opposed end face) is illustrated as 1° to 3°. Void may be provided between the outer peripheral end face 8 and the inner peripheral end face 10, and an effect of a material seal M becomes higher (Refer to Fig.10). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  In the pneumatic transportation plant for various granular materials such as foods, pharmaceuticals, feeds, and fertilizers, the present invention discharges granular materials by opening and closing passages such as raw material tanks and silos, or two-way flow paths. The present invention relates to a granular material passage opening and closing device used for switching and the like.

  Conventionally, an ejector has been proposed as one form of this type of switchgear. This discharge machine includes a casing having an inlet at an upper portion and an outlet at a lower portion, a rotating shaft that is rotatably provided so that the axis is horizontal in the casing, and a disc-shaped member provided on the rotating shaft. A plate-like valve body, the plate-like valve body is horizontal and the peripheral edge of the plate-like valve body abuts against the valve seat of the casing, thereby closing the valve and making the plate-like valve body vertical. It is known that the valve is made to open by.

In the conventional valve, when the plate-shaped valve body is closed, the granular material enters between the plate-shaped valve body and the valve seat, so that the plate-shaped valve body cannot be completely closed. was there.
In order to solve this problem, as described in Patent Document 1, this type of ejector has a basic structure in which a rotatable valve body is attached.

JP 2001-208219 A

Further, as described in Patent Documents 2 and 3, there has been proposed a channel switching device that switches two types of channels and changes the supply direction of the granular material. This is a basic structure in which a main pipe part and a branch pipe part constitute a pipe body, a switching damper that swings around the rotating shaft as a fulcrum is provided in this pipe body, and packing is attached to the outer peripheral green part of the switching damper. I have.
Then, the switching damper is swung based on the rotation of the rotation shaft by an appropriate means, the packing is brought into contact with the inner wall surface of the pipe body, the branch part of the main pipe part and the branch pipe part is closed, and the inlet of the main pipe part The flow path is switched by setting the outlet to be in communication, or closing the middle part of the main pipe, and connecting the inlet or outlet of the main pipe to the branch pipe. Even if the blower pressure increases, the packing keeps the air leak amount relatively lower than that of a ball valve or the like made of a casting.
In addition, pipes are made by sheet metal pressing, and the parts are connected by welding, which reduces the weight of flow switching devices such as ball valve molds made of conventional castings, and makes construction easier and more cost effective. Is secured.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-33858 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-19673

  However, with the conventional technology, the seal is insufficient, and the amount of air leak may be relatively high in high-pressure transportation or the like. In addition, the structure of the entire apparatus becomes complicated and the weight increases, and there is a difficulty in ensuring ease of construction and cost performance.

  In addition, there is a risk that debris may enter the granular material as a foreign object, such as internal member deterioration and damage.In addition, there are guide tubes and enclosure walls inside, and the granular material tends to remain. There is a risk of contamination such as mold growth and insects, which is inappropriate for ensuring food safety, and there is a strong demand for a switchgear that can further ensure safety. Yes.

  In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to reduce the amount of air leakage, reduce the weight of the entire apparatus, facilitate maintenance, improve cost performance, and prevent contamination of powder and other granular materials. .

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is an invention as described in claims 1 and 2.

  The casing is made of a metallic steel material processed by sheet metal processing, the opening / closing damper, the annular portion is a metallic steel material machined from a steel plate, and the thickness thereof is set larger than the thickness of the wall of the casing, It is preferable that the casing is welded to the bearing portion and the annular portion.

  It is preferable that the annular portion includes a U-shaped or U-shaped steel plate, has a laminated structure fastened with a plurality of steel plates, and performs sealing between the U-shaped or U-shaped steel plate and the opening / closing damper. .

According to the first aspect of the invention, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Since the seal is configured by contact with a metal member, the structure can be simplified, there is no risk of contamination, foreign matter such as mold, pests, etc. can be prevented. Is less likely to occur and contamination can be suitably prevented.
(2) Since the open / close damper is in linear contact with the annular portion, it is possible to prevent biting of the granular material, to ensure the seal, and to improve the accuracy of preventing air leaks.
(3) By providing the annular portion, stable processing accuracy of the seal portion can be realized.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a material seal effect that the powder body itself acts as a seal, and to improve the sealing performance with a simple seal structure.

  Hereinafter, a granular material passage opening and closing device 1 (hereinafter referred to as an opening and closing device 1) according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, the opening / closing device 1 is connected to a hopper portion (not shown) of the raw material tank, and an example of maintaining or discharging the granular material stored therein is given, but the present invention is not limited thereto. However, the present invention can be applied to a two-way flow path switching valve that switches in two directions (see Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-33858 and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-19673). The opening / closing device 1 includes a casing 4 having an inlet 2 at an upper portion and an outlet 3 at a lower portion, a rotating shaft 6 rotatably supported by a bearing 5 on the casing 4, and a rotating shaft fixed to the rotating shaft 6. And a plate-shaped opening / closing damper 7 that swings in the casing 4 about the center axis 6.

  The passage 11 of the casing 4 is sealed by the outer peripheral end face 8 of the open / close damper 7 and the inner peripheral end face 10 of the annular portion 9 provided in the casing 4. When the inner peripheral end face 10 of the annular portion 9 is set to be inclined with respect to the outer peripheral end face 8 of the opening / closing damper 7, and the opening / closing damper 7 seals the passage 11, the outer peripheral end face of the opening / closing damper 7 with respect to the inner peripheral end face 10 8 has a structure in which a wedge-shaped gap 13 is formed by contacting the end parts 12 in a continuous line shape (see FIG. 9) or facing each other with a minute gap. The open / close damper 7 is normally closed to place the granular material in the hopper, and when discharging the granular material, it is opened to discharge the granular material from the hopper. The U-shaped groove 14 is continuously provided on the outer peripheral end surface 8 of the open / close damper 7 in a plurality of planes parallel to the long side direction of the outer peripheral end surface 8, but is not provided on the main surface 15.

  Further, a swing arm 16 connected to the rotary shaft 6, a knuckle 17 connected to the swing arm 16, and an air cylinder 18 for sliding the knuckle 17 are provided. Hereinafter, each part will be described in detail.

  The inlet 2 and the outlet 3 are rectangular, and the cross-sectional area of the inlet 2 is set larger than the cross-sectional area of the outlet 3.

  The casing 5 is a metallic steel material, preferably made of stainless steel SUS304 and subjected to sheet metal pressing. The casing 4 is a pipe having a square cross section. An annular portion 9 is fixed to the upper end portion of the casing 4, a flange 40 is formed at the lower end portion, and a mounting hole 41 is formed in the flange 40. An inspection door 44 having a handle 42 and a knob 43 is attached to the side surface of the casing 4. An opening 45 for internal inspection is formed in the wall of the casing 4.

  The bearing portion 5 includes a pair of shaft end receiving plates 50 at the corner of the upper end of the casing 4, and the shaft end receiving plates 50 are horizontally arranged with a gap. The rotating shaft 6 is passed through the bearing hole of the shaft end receiving portion 5 in the front-rear direction, and is supported by the front and rear portions of the rotating shaft 6. A cover 51 for accommodating a seal 60 and the like to be described later is disposed around the rotary shaft 6. The bearing portion 5 has a confidential structure.

  One side of the opening / closing damper 7 is fixed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 6. A seal 60 is disposed on the back side of the rotating shaft 6 to ensure sealing performance.

  The open / close damper 7 swings integrally with the rotary shaft 6 so as to switch whether the granular material stored in the hopper (not shown) is in a storage state or a discharge state.

As shown in FIG. 9, the end of the outer peripheral end surface 8 that is an inclined surface is in contact with the inner peripheral end surface 10, and a wedge-shaped gap 13 is formed in addition to the contact surface. This inclined surface is inclined so as to increase the width of the gap 13 as it goes upward. In other words, the gap gradually narrows from the end of the outer peripheral end surface 8 until it comes into contact with the inner peripheral end surface 10 until it comes into contact, and when both come into contact, the end of the outer peripheral end surface 8 comes into contact. Yes. This makes it less susceptible to manufacturing errors, improves sealing accuracy, and prevents air leakage. The inclination angle of the gap 13 (angle formed by the opposing end surfaces) is exemplified by 1 ° to 4 °, but is not limited. Here, as shown in FIG. 10, the maximum value of the gap 13 is the gap δ ₁ . This gap δ ₁ has different values depending on the inclination of the surface. When the passage 11 is closed, the outer peripheral end face 8 and the inner peripheral end face 10 may or may not be in contact with each other. When the powder has a fine particle size, a gap δ ₂ that is the minimum value of the gap δ ₁ may be provided. This gap δ ₂ is formed at the lower end of the outer peripheral end face 8 and the lower end of the inner peripheral end face 10 in FIG. This gap δ ₂ is 0.1 mm to 0.01 mm, preferably 0.5 to 0.09 mm, and particularly preferably 0.05 to 0.08 mm. The numerical value of the gap δ ₂ is appropriately changed depending on the nature and type of the powder.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the open / close damper 7 has a plurality of strips 14 (here, two strips) on the outer peripheral end surface 8 and three sides continuously (or discontinuously) in the long side direction (longitudinal direction) of the end surface. Formed. The groove 14 utilizes a granular material as a seal instead of the labyrinth seal. That is, the material seal M (see FIG. 10) is used, and the seal structure is simplified and the sealing performance is increased. When the opening / closing damper 7 is closed, the powder 14 is reliably guided by the action of the groove 14 to the wedge-shaped gap 13 formed over three sides between the outer peripheral end face 8 and the inner peripheral end face 10. The granular material itself filled in the gap 13 serves as a seal. The open / close damper 7 has a main surface 15 on the front and back sides, and as shown in FIGS. 7 and 10, the front side (upper side) main surface 15 and the outer peripheral end surface 8 form an obtuse angle, as shown in FIGS. In addition, an angle formed between the main surface 15 on the back side (lower side) and the outer peripheral end surface 8 is set to an acute angle. Either the outer peripheral end face 8 or the inner peripheral end face 10 may be an inclined face depending on the use of the switchgear 1 or the like. When the outer peripheral end face 8 is inclined, the lower angle becomes an acute angle and the upper angle becomes an obtuse angle as shown in FIG.

  The annular portion 9 has a multilayer structure in which a plurality of steel plates are fastened. The annular portion 9 is fixed to the upper portion of the casing 4, and the rotating shaft 6 rotates the opening / closing damper 7 so that the opening / closing damper 7 becomes horizontal (opening / closing damper). 7 is closed), a U-shaped seal metal 90 in contact with the end of the outer peripheral end face 8 of the open / close damper 7, a rectangular frame-shaped connection flange 91 fixed to the upper portion of the seal metal 90, and the seal metal And a U-shaped shim 92 fixed to the lower portion of 90. The reason why the laminated structure is formed in this way is to adjust the manufacturing error by shifting the position of the seal metal 90. Loosen the bolts slightly, align the holes properly, and then tighten with the bolts to improve seal processing accuracy (and adjustment accuracy) and prevent air leaks. When the open / close damper 7 is in an inclined state (shown in the drawing) close to vertical, the open / close device 1 is in a position not in contact with the annular portion 9, the open / close device 1 is opened, and the granular material is discharged.

  The open / close damper 7 and the annular portion 9 are obtained by machining a metallic steel material obtained by machining a steel plate, for example, a SS400 flat bar, which is a general structural rolled steel material, with a machine tool, and the surface thereof is unichrome plated or nickel chrome. Plating finish. The thickness is set larger than the thickness of the wall of the casing 5.

  The opening / closing device 1 includes a safety cover 19 that covers the swing arm 16 and the knuckle 17. The rotary shaft 6 is attached to one end so that the end of the swing arm 16 is orthogonal. The swing arm 16 is an arm member whose lower end is fixedly attached to the rotary shaft 6 and swings integrally with the rotary shaft 6 and the opening / closing damper 7. A knuckle 17 is coupled to an end of the swing arm 16, and the knuckle 17 is fixed to the piston rod 20 to swing the swing arm 16. A bracket 21 supports the safety cover 19. A support rod 22 supports the bracket 21 on the upper part of the outer wall of the casing 4.

  The air cylinder 18 is disposed in a horizontal direction with respect to the casing 4 and integrally rotates the rotary shaft 6, the open / close damper 7, and the swing arm 16. The air cylinder 18 includes a bracket 21 made of bolts, pins, and the like. The bracket 21 is supported by a support rod 22, and the support rod 22 is horizontally fixed to the upper wall of the casing 4. A solenoid valve, cylinder switch, etc. are provided.

The operation of the opening / closing device 1 described above will be described with reference to the drawings. The switchgear 1 having the above-described configuration has a hopper (not shown) as a raw material tank connected to the upper surface of the connection flange 91 fixed to the upper portion of the casing 4, and a conduit etc. is connected to the lower portion of the casing 4. Provided for use. The opening / closing damper 7 is switched to discharge the granular material in the raw material tank (not shown). In the normal state, the open / close damper 7 is in a horizontal position and is in contact with the seal metal 90. At this time, the material seal M is formed as described above. In this horizontal position, when the piston rod 20 of the air cylinder 18 extends, the knuckle 17 swings (rotates) the swing arm 16, whereby the opening / closing damper 7 and the swing arm 16 are rotated clockwise in FIG. 9. Oscillate integrally with the rotary shaft 6 as the central axis. Then, in FIG. 9, the opening / closing damper 7 is rotated clockwise to be detached from the seal metal 90, the opening / closing damper 7 is inclined almost vertically, and the granular material is discharged from the passage 11. Then, in order to change from the discharged state to the closed state, the piston rod 20 of the air cylinder 18 is retracted, and the knuckle 17 swings (rotates) the swing arm 16, thereby opening and closing the damper 7 in the counterclockwise direction. The swing arm 16 swings integrally with the rotation shaft 6 as a central axis. If it does so, the opening-and-closing damper 7 will be in a horizontal position, will contact the seal metal 90, discharge operation | movement will be stopped, and a granular material will return to a storage state. At this time, the gap δ ₂ may be formed as shown in FIG.

  The embodiment described above has the following effects. That is, since the seal is constituted by the contact between the opening / closing damper 7 which is a metal member and the annular portion 9, there is no risk of foreign matter contamination, and the seal breakage pieces are prevented from being mixed into the granular material. It is difficult for foreign matters such as these to occur, contamination can be suitably prevented, and air leakage can be reliably prevented. Since the annular portion 9 is composed of three parts, stable processing accuracy of the seal can be realized by manufacturing it as a separate body with high accuracy. When the granular material is sealed by the opening / closing damper 7 and the seal metal 90 by the action of the groove 14, the granular material itself fills the gap 13 and the groove 14, so that the granular material itself acts as a seal. Since the effect of constituting the material seal M can be obtained, the sealing performance can be improved by a simple seal structure.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and modifications and the like can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention. It will be included in the technical scope of the invention. Of course, the present invention can also be applied to a two-way switching device (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-33858, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-19673). Since the detailed structure can be implemented by those skilled in the art, the description of the above embodiment is incorporated.

It is a front view of the switchgear of an embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the switchgear. It is a left view of the switchgear. It is a right view of the switchgear. It is a rear view of the switchgear. It is a bottom view of the switchgear. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the inside of the switchgear. (A) is the FF sectional view taken on the line of the intermediate steel plate of the switchgear, (b) is the GG sectional view, (c) is the same plan view. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state of contact of an opening-and-closing damper and a metal seal. It is the elements on larger scale of the modification which forms a space | gap between an opening-and-closing damper and a metal seal. (A) is a plan view showing an opening / closing damper of the opening / closing device, (b) is a side view of the opening / closing damper and a rotating shaft, (c) is a front view thereof, and (d) is a partially enlarged view of (c). .

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Opening / closing device 2 ... Inlet 3 ... Outlet 4 ... Casing 40 ... Flange 41 ... Mounting hole 42 ... Handle 43 ... Knob 44 ... Inspection door 5.・ ・ Bearing part 50 ・ ・ ・ Shaft end receiving plate 51 ・ ・ ・ Cover 6 ・ ・ ・ Rotating shaft 60 ・ ・ ・ Seal 7 ・ ・ ・ Open / close damper 8 ・ ・ ・ Outer peripheral end face 9 ・ ・ ・ Ring part 90 ・ ・・ Seal metal 91... Connection flange 92. ··· Main surface 16 ··· Swing arm 17 ··· Knuckle 18 · · · Air cylinder 19 · · · Safety cover 20 · · · Piston rod 21 ··· Bracket 22 · · · Support rod Material and seal ··· M

Claims (3)

A casing having an inlet and an outlet;
A rotating shaft rotatably supported by a bearing portion on the casing;
A plate-shaped opening / closing damper fixed to the rotating shaft and swinging in the casing with the rotating shaft as a central axis,
A seal for the passage of the casing is formed by the outer peripheral end surface of the open / close damper and the inner peripheral end surface of the annular portion provided in the casing,
A powder passage characterized in that an outer peripheral end face of the open / close damper is set to be inclined with respect to an inner peripheral end face of the annular portion, and a wedge-shaped gap is formed between the outer peripheral end face and the inner peripheral end face. Switchgear. When the open / close damper is provided with a single or multiple groove parallel to the long side direction of the outer peripheral end face, and when the open / close damper is at the seal position, the gap and the groove are filled with powder particles. The granular material passage opening and closing device according to claim 1, wherein the granular material becomes a material seal. When the open / close damper is at the position of the seal, set a gap where the end of the outer peripheral end surface and the inner peripheral end surface do not contact,
The granular material passage opening and closing device according to claim 1, wherein the granular material becomes a material seal by filling the gaps and voids with the granular material.

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