JP2008284543A - Gas purification and atmospheric scavenging apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus which is capable of removing carbon dioxide and purifying an exhaust gas discharged outside of a combustion chamber. <P>SOLUTION: A gas purification apparatus 10 has a converging pipe 1 for converging the exhaust gas, an injection unit 2 for injecting a purification liquid for purification of an exhaust gas in the converging pipe, a mixing tank 3 for mixing the exhaust gas with a purification liquid injected from the injection unit and a separation tank 4 for separating the exhaust gas and purification liquid from each other, so that the exhaust gas is purified and discharged. A filter 7 is provided at the bottom part of the separation tank 4 for removing salts, so that the liquid is thereby purified. The purified liquid is again circulated and injected from the injection unit 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a gas purification apparatus, and more particularly to an apparatus for purifying exhaust gas generated by combustion of fossil fuel or the like, or the atmosphere containing exhaust gas.

Currently, the destruction of the global environment by burning fossil fuels has become a problem. Among them, since exhaust gas emitted from automobiles is generated in close proximity to living, early solution is desired. However, the problem has not yet been solved sufficiently.
In order to remove harmful substances discharged from exhaust gas, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-169676 discloses a gap between filter media by making a filter bag into a fiber and immersing a part of the filter media in a liquid. It is disclosed that a liquid thin film is formed and harmful substances in exhaust gas are removed by this liquid coating. And it is disclosed that the filter medium uses heat-treated natural fibers, glass fiber fabrics, and the like.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-259354 discloses that atomized fine particles obtained by atomizing a liquid are mixed with exhaust gas in an exhaust cylinder to capture solid matter and harmful gas in the exhaust gas. Yes. In addition, this publication discloses that liquid circulation is performed by collecting mist-like fine particles having contaminants with a trapping net and dropping the liquid into a water storage tank.
However, even if harmful substances in the exhaust gas can be temporarily removed, it is difficult to maintain the effect for a long time, and the apparatus cannot be supplied at low cost.
JP 2004-169676 A JP 2001-259354 A

  Exhaust gas generated by combustion of fossil fuel or the like contains a lot of carbon dioxide and contains substances harmful to human bodies. However, since much attention has been paid to substances harmful to the human body, removing them has become the main research subject, and no device for removing carbon dioxide has been included. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus capable of purifying exhaust gas discharged from a combustion chamber to the outside and removing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere including the exhaust gas and the exhaust gas.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is an apparatus for purifying exhaust gas generated by combustion of fossil fuel or the like, and is a converging unit connected to an exhaust pipe from which exhaust gas is exhausted so as to converge the exhaust gas A pipe, an injection device for injecting a purification liquid for purifying exhaust gas in the converging tube, a mixing tank for mixing the purification liquid and the exhaust gas injected from the injection device, the purification liquid and the exhaust gas And a separation tank that separates the exhaust gas, and exhaust gas is purified and discharged.

  A pipe for connecting the separation tank and the injection device is provided so that the purification liquid separated in the separation tank is injected from the injection device, and a pump for pressurizing the purification liquid is provided in the pipe. It is characterized by.

  Further, the present invention is an apparatus for purifying exhaust gas generated by combustion of fossil fuel, etc., which is immersed in a water storage tank in which an alkaline aqueous solution is stored, an exhaust gas inlet for introducing exhaust gas, and the aqueous solution. And an exhaust pipe for discharging the purified exhaust gas, and providing the introduction pipe in the water tank so that the exhaust gas is alkalinized. The exhaust gas pipe is provided with a filter carrying a porous material in contact with an aqueous solution for purification and discharge.

  In addition, the present invention is an apparatus for purifying the atmosphere, which is a CO2 removal filter, a filter case that houses the CO2 removal filter, a fan that promotes air intake and exhaust, and a solar panel that supplies electricity to the fan The CO2 removal filter is coated with a metal filter installed at the inlet / outlet of the atmosphere in the filter case, a substance that generates negative ions on the surface of the filter case, and a porous powder. And a porous filter filled around the spiral plate inside the filter case.

  The porous substance is made of clay in an alkaline aqueous solution, applied to a spiral plate and fixed with an adhesive, and the porous filter is made of an alkaline aqueous solution. Features.

In the invention of the gas purification device according to claim 1, a converging pipe connected to the exhaust pipe, an injection apparatus for injecting the purification liquid for purifying the exhaust gas in the convergence pipe, and a purification liquid injected from the injection apparatus, Since a mixing tank for mixing the exhaust gas and a separation tank for separating the purification liquid and the exhaust gas are provided, an inexpensive apparatus capable of purifying the exhaust gas by removing carbon dioxide and harmful substances can be provided.
In the invention of claim 2, since the pipe for connecting the separation tank and the injection device is provided, the purified liquid can be circulated.
In the invention of claim 3, since the pump for pressurizing the purification liquid is provided in the pipe, the purification liquid can be pressurized.

In the invention of claim 4, the exhaust gas is brought into contact with the alkaline aqueous solution and purified by providing a water storage tank in which the alkaline aqueous solution is stored, an introduction pipe for introducing the exhaust gas, and an exhaust gas pipe for discharging the exhaust gas. Can be discharged.
In the invention of claim 5, since the exhaust gas pipe is provided with the filter carrying the porous material, carbon dioxide and harmful substances can be removed.

  The present invention includes a CO2 removal filter, a filter case that houses the CO2 removal filter, a fan that promotes air suction and discharge, and a solar panel that supplies electricity to the fan. The air purification device enables removal of CO2 in the atmosphere, and a filter can be attached to the exhaust gas pipe to significantly reduce the content of CO2 and the like in the exhaust gas.

  Hereinafter, the content of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the gas purification apparatus 10 of the present invention has a converging pipe 1 formed by expanding and contracting the tip so that exhaust gas converges. And the cylindrical mixing tank 3 which expanded the center part is provided in the front-end | tip of the convergence pipe | tube 1, and also the separation tank 4 is provided in the front-end | tip. A pipe 8 is provided at the bottom of the separation tank 4 via a filter 7, and the separation tank 4 and the injection device 2 are connected by the pipe 8.
The converging pipe 1 has an appropriate size and shape so that its rear end is attached to the exhaust pipe A. In addition, a pump 6 is provided at an intermediate portion of the pipe 8 so that liquid can be sent from the separation tank 4 to the ejection device 2.

  The injection device 2 is provided in a substantially central portion of the converging tube 1 and has an injection nozzle 2a so that the liquid can be jetted vigorously toward the mixing tank 3. As a result, the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe A is sucked, and the liquid ejected from the ejection device 2 and the exhaust gas come into contact with and mixed in the mixing tank 3. In the figure, solid arrows indicate the flow of exhaust gas, and dotted arrows indicate the flow of liquid.

The liquid may be any liquid such as water from which substances contained in the exhaust gas can be removed, but may be sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide aqueous solution, or a mixed solution thereof.
For example, when removing carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas, it can be precipitated as calcium carbonate by using an aqueous calcium hydroxide solution as the liquid, thereby purifying the exhaust gas. Then, sulfides contained in the exhaust gas are removed as sulfates, and nitrogen oxides are removed as nitrates.
In addition, when removing carbon dioxide, ethanol may be added to improve the absorption capacity.

  A filter 7 provided at the bottom of the separation tank 4 is provided to remove the above-described salts. Thereby, the liquid is purified. Then, the purified liquid is circulated again and ejected from the ejection device 2. Incidentally, various salts collected by the filter 7 are removed by washing with acidic water. Therefore, the filter 7 is preferably provided with a predetermined resistance against acids and alkalis and a strength that can be used any number of times by washing with acid water.

FIG. 2 shows the gas purification apparatus 10 of the second embodiment.
In the gas purification apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 2, water tanks 9 that store liquid (water or alkaline aqueous solution) are connected in series. In the water tank 9, a first introduction pipe 11 for introducing exhaust gas is provided, and an exhaust gas pipe 12 for discharging the exhaust gas is provided. The first introduction pipe 11 is provided with an exhaust gas introduction port (not shown) above the liquid water surface so that exhaust gas can be introduced, and the exhaust gas discharge port below the liquid water surface. (Not shown) is provided. Further, a filter 15 containing a porous material is provided at the ceiling of the water storage tank 9 and the entrance of the exhaust gas pipe 12. Thereby, the exhaust gas finally passes through the filter 15 and is discharged outside.

In FIG. 2, the filters 15 are provided in the final stage water tanks 9 connected in series. However, the filters 15 may be appropriately provided in all the water tanks 9.
In addition, the porous material is activated carbon, zeolite, diatomaceous earth, or alumina, so that carbon dioxide can be adsorbed, thereby improving the exhaust gas purification performance. As described above, the gas purification apparatus 10 of the present invention can purify exhaust gas with water or an aqueous alkaline solution, and further purify exhaust gas by adsorbing carbon dioxide or the like.

FIG. 3 shows the gas purification device 10 of the third embodiment.
The gas purification apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 3 is mainly provided in a processing facility (for example) provided with a combustion furnace 16 that burns and processes waste. In this type of gas purification apparatus 10, a water storage tank 9 in which an alkaline aqueous solution is stored and a combustion furnace 16 are connected by a pipe 8, and exhaust gas is introduced into the alkaline aqueous solution through an introduction pipe 17. ing. Such a configuration is basically the same as that of the second embodiment. However, in the combustion furnace 16, exhaust gas is not discharged with such a momentum that it is discharged from an automobile engine. Accordingly, a pump 6 is provided in the middle portion of the pipe 8 to forcibly exhaust the exhaust gas into the alkaline aqueous solution. The exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust gas pipe 12 after removing harmful components contained therein in an alkaline aqueous solution. A check valve 19 is preferably provided at the outlet of the introduction pipe 17 provided in the water tank 9. This reduces the load on the pump.

FIG. 4 shows the purification device 10 of the fourth embodiment.
The gas purification apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 4 improves the purification effect by bringing the exhaust gas into contact with the alkaline aqueous solution many times.
For this reason, the lower part in the water tank 9 is divided by a plurality of separators 18, and the second introduction pipe 17 is provided in each divided region.
This embodiment is based on the premise that exhaust gas is exhausted vigorously. Therefore, in FIG. 4, the first introduction pipe 11 is not provided with means for energizing the exhaust gas. On the other hand, the second introduction pipe 17 is provided with an air supply means (for example, a fan 20) for forcibly pushing out the exhaust gas, and a check valve 19 is provided at the exhaust gas discharge port at the lower end thereof. Yes. As a result, the exhaust gas can be purified and discharged from the exhaust gas pipe 12. In the figure, solid arrows indicate the flow of exhaust gas.

FIG. 5 shows the gas purification device 10 of the fifth embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the filter structure of the gas purification device of the fifth embodiment.
The gas purification device 10 shown in FIG. 5 is an air purification device that is attached to the roof of a moving body such as a vehicle and sucks outside air to remove CO2 in the outside air. The gas purification device 10 is attached to a CO2 removal filter 23 and a tube. It includes a filter case 24 that houses the CO 2 removal filter 23, a fan 22 that promotes air intake and exhaust, and a solar panel 21 that supplies electricity to the fan 22.
In the filter case 24, as shown in FIG. 6, a porous filter 27 having a spiral shape 28 is mounted.
Twenty-six tubular CO2 removal filters 23 having an inner diameter of 10 mm and a length of 600 mm are attached to the gas purification apparatus 10 in the fifth embodiment.

When a moving body such as a vehicle is moving, outside air 25 is taken into the gas purification device 10, and purified air 26 is released via the CO 2 removal filter 23.
When a moving body such as a vehicle is stopped, the internal fan 22 is rotated by a power source from the solar panel 21, the outside air 25 is forcibly taken in, and purified through the CO 2 removal filter 23.
In this embodiment, when the air throughput in the CO2 removal filter 23 is 1.3-1.45M ³ before and after per hour 30 km, CO2 removal rate of about 62% NOX removal rate of about 28%, 40km per hour When the amount of air passing through the CO2 removal filter 23 before and after was 2.4-2.6 m ³ , the CO2 removal rate was about 48% and the NOX removal rate was about 15%.

FIG. 7 shows the gas purification device 10 of the sixth embodiment.
The gas purification device 10 shown in FIG. 7 is a CO 2 removal filter 23 mounted inside a muffler of a vehicle. The gas purification device 10 is provided inside the filter case 24 and a metal filter 30 installed at an exhaust gas inlet / outlet in the filter case 24. Porous material filled around the spiral 28 plate made of aluminum, stainless steel, etc. inside the filter case 24, and the surface coated with a material that generates negative ions and porous powder. The filter 27 and a porous body fired into a spherical shape of 1.0 mm to 2.0 mm are included.
The porous material is made of clay in an alkaline aqueous solution, applied to a spiral 28 plate and fixed with an adhesive, but the porous filter 27 may be infiltrated with an alkaline aqueous solution. .

The reduction rates of CO, CO2, and NOX by the actual running test in this embodiment are as shown in Table 1.
That is, before the filter was attached, CO was 1.51 ppm, CO2 was 12.99%, and NOX was 6.13 ppm, but after the filter was attached, the travel was 10 km, CO was 0.87 ppm, and CO2 was 1.33. % And NOX are reduced to 0.92 ppm, and the reduction rates are 42.38%, 89.76% and 78.30%, respectively.

At 100 km, the reduction rates of CO 2, CO 2 and NOX are 39.73%, 89.29% and 77.32%, respectively, and at 1000 km, the reduction rates of CO 2, CO 2 and NOX are 21.85% and 77 respectively. It gradually decreases to .29% and 69.99%.
In this test, the reduction rate of CO is large compared to the reduction rate of CO2 and NOX, and it is 0% at 7000 km. This can be dealt with by changing the material composition inside the filter. .
The CO2 and NOX reduction rates at 10000 km traveling are 67.89% and 35.07%, respectively. It can be seen that a considerably large reduction rate can be maintained even at this stage.

Further, the gas purification device 10 was attached to a 1500 cc passenger car and a large diesel vehicle, and the life of the purification device was measured.
The exhaust gas composition of a 1500cc passenger car was 1.48ppm CO, 13.05ppm CO2 and 5.55ppm NOX before installing the gas purification device, but 1.45ppm CO after running 23,500km. CO2 was 12.99 ppm and NOX was 5.47 ppm.
In the case of a large diesel vehicle, CO was 5.43 ppm, NOX was 6.11 ppm, and HC was 2.28 ppm before installing the gas purification device, but after running 73,000 km, CO was 5.22 ppm, NOX Was 6.03 ppm, and HC was 2.22 ppm.
That is, the life of the gas purification apparatus according to the present embodiment was 23,500 km for a 1500 cc passenger car and 73,000 km for a large diesel car.

FIG. 8 shows the gas purification apparatus 10 of the seventh embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 8, the gas purification apparatus 10 can also be installed at regular intervals on the side of the road in order to remove CO 2 in the atmosphere.
In the gas purification device 10 for roads, a CO 2 removal filter 23 is built in the cylindrical gas purification device 10 having a diameter of about 1 to 2 m, and a fan 22 is provided at the upper end or lower end of the cylindrical gas purification device 10 so that the atmosphere Promotes inhalation and exhalation.
The gas purification device 10 can be effective not only on the roadside but also in a park, a platform of a station, etc., and an ashtray for a smoking corner can purify cigarette smoke.

FIG. 9 shows a detailed structure of the gas purification apparatus shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 9, the gas purification apparatus 10 of Example 7 includes an outer shell 32 of the gas purification apparatus, a titanium oxide film 34 covering the outer peripheral surface for keeping the outer peripheral surface of the outer shell 32 clean, NOX, HC. CO2 removal filter 23 that can also remove (hydrocarbon), illumination LED 35 installed along the outer periphery of outer shell 32, solar panel 21 installed at the top of outer shell 32, and inhaling outside air. And a battery 36 for storing electricity from the solar panel 21 to drive the fan 22 and supplying electricity to the LED 35 for illumination, and a non-woven fabric filter 33 mounted above and below the CO2 removal filter 23, It is composed of
It is known that CO2 is easily soluble in water, and particularly well soluble in carbonates (alkali components). The CO2 removal filter 23 of the present embodiment is a mixture of components in which CO2 is most easily absorbed.

A suction port 37 for sucking outside air is provided at the lower part of the outer shell 32, and a discharge port is provided at the upper part so that the purified air 26 can be discharged.
Various advertisements 38 can be attached to the outer periphery of the outer shell 32 to form an advertising tower.
The gas purification device 10 of the present embodiment sucks outside air from the lower part of the outer shell 32 and discharges it from the upper part. On the contrary, it sucks from the upper part and discharges it from the lower part. good.

The gas purification apparatus 10 of the present embodiment incorporates six CO2 removal filters 23 having a diameter of 30 cm and a length (height) of 1 m in the outer shell 32, and the overall size of the gas purification apparatus 10 is 1. Although the height is 5 m and the height is 1.5 m, the gas purification device 10 having a diameter and a height of 2 m may be used.
The harmful gas absorption capacity per one CO2 removal filter 23 having a diameter of 30 cm and a length of 1 m is 4-6 tons for CO2, 7-8 tons for NOX, and HC when the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is 350 to 500 ppm. 10 tons or more.

The gas purification apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a converging pipe 1 connected to a discharge port 5, an injection apparatus 2 that injects a purification liquid that purifies exhaust gas in the converging pipe 1, and an injection from the injection apparatus 2. In a relatively simple facility comprising a mixing tank 3 for mixing the purified liquid and the exhaust gas, and a separation tank 4 for separating the purified liquid and the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas is removed by removing CO2 and harmful substances. Has the effect of purifying.
In addition, a gas purification comprising a CO2 removal filter 23, a filter case 24 that houses the CO2 removal filter 23, a fan 22 that promotes air intake and exhaust, and a solar panel 21 that supplies electricity to the fan 22. The device 10 can remove CO2 in the atmosphere, and can be attached to a moving body such as a vehicle, or can be contributed to the purification of the atmosphere by being installed on the side of a road or the like.
Furthermore, the content of CO2 and the like in the exhaust gas can be greatly reduced by attaching a filter to the exhaust gas pipe. In this case, it is possible to maintain a significant reduction in the content of harmful components such as CO2 in the exhaust gas by exchanging the CO2 removal filter at every constant travel distance.

1 shows a gas purification apparatus of Example 1. The gas purification apparatus of Example 2 is shown. 3 shows a gas purification apparatus of Example 3. 4 shows a gas purification apparatus of Example 4. 6 shows a gas purification apparatus of Example 5. It is a figure which shows the filter structure of the gas purification apparatus of Example 5. 6 shows a gas purification apparatus of Example 6. It is a figure which shows the example which applied the gas purification apparatus of Example 7 to the roadside. It is detail drawing of the gas purification apparatus of Example 7.

Explanation of symbols

1 Convergence tube
2 Injection device
3 Mixing tank
4 Separation tank
5 outlet
6 Pump
7 Filter
8 pipes
9 Water tank
10 Gas purification device
11 First introduction pipe
12 Exhaust gas pipe
13 water
14 Alkaline aqueous solution
16 Combustion furnace
17 Second introduction pipe
18 Separator
19 Check valve
20 Fan
21 Solar Panel 22 Fan 23 CO2 Removal Filter 24 Filter Case 25 Outside Air 26 Purified Air 27 Porous Filter 28 Spiral (Plate)
29 Muffler 30 Metal filter 31 Sunlight 32 Outer shell 33 Non-woven filter 34 Titanium oxide film 35 LED for lighting
36 Battery 37 Suction port 38 Advertising

Claims (9)

A device for purifying exhaust gas generated by combustion of fossil fuel, etc.
A converging pipe connected to an exhaust pipe from which exhaust gas is exhausted so as to converge the exhaust gas;
An injection device for injecting a purification liquid for purifying exhaust gas in the converging pipe;
A mixing tank for mixing the purified liquid ejected from the ejection device and the exhaust gas;
A separation tank for separating the purified liquid and the exhaust gas;
An exhaust gas purifier is provided for purifying exhaust gas.   2. The gas purification according to claim 1, further comprising a pipe that connects the separation tank and the injection device so that the purification liquid separated in the separation tank is injected from the injection device. apparatus.   The gas purification device according to claim 2, wherein the pipe is provided with a pump for pressurizing the purification liquid. A device for purifying exhaust gas generated by combustion of fossil fuel, etc.
A water storage tank in which alkaline aqueous solution is stored, an exhaust gas introduction port for introducing exhaust gas, and an introduction pipe formed by providing an exhaust gas exhaust port in a portion immersed in the aqueous solution;
An exhaust pipe for discharging the purified exhaust gas;
With
A gas purification apparatus characterized in that exhaust gas is brought into contact with an alkaline aqueous solution to be purified and discharged by providing the introduction pipe in the water storage tank.   The gas purification apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the exhaust gas pipe is provided with a filter carrying a porous material. A device for purifying the atmosphere,
A CO2 removal filter,
A filter case for storing the CO2 removal filter;
A fan that promotes air intake and exhaust,
A solar panel that supplies electricity to the fan,
An air purification device comprising: The CO2 removal filter is
A metal filter installed at the inlet / outlet of the atmosphere in the filter case;
A spiral plate coated with a porous powder and a substance that generates negative ions on the surface provided inside the filter case;
A porous filter filled around the spiral plate inside the filter case;
The air purification apparatus according to claim 6, comprising:   8. The air purification device according to claim 7, wherein the porous substance is made of clay in an alkaline aqueous solution, applied to a spiral plate and fixed with an adhesive. The air purification device according to claim 7, wherein the porous filter is infiltrated with an alkaline aqueous solution.

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