JP2008284417A - Organic waste treating agent and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing an organic waste treating agent which produces better economical effects such as reduction in production costs and an improvement in productivity, as compared with the conventional ones, by eliminating the humidity control process and the process of immersing in an enzyme aqueous solution after pH adjustment, and which increases decomposition capability of the organic waste, and to provide an organic waste treating agent in which breeding and cultivation of microbial decomposition bacteria are accelerated and in which the decomposition capability is drastically improved since activation of the microbial decomposition bacteria is enhanced by immersing the compound pieces in an organic acid solution. <P>SOLUTION: The method possesses the process of processing organic raw chips by cutting wood chips to a predetermined length so that a sufficient strength and a shape holding property are obtained, the process of achieving a predetermined carbonization ratio by heating the organic row chips processed in the above process and by burning under predetermined conditions after sufficient drying, the process of adjusting pH of the compound chips treated in the above process with an organic acid, and the process of carrying the microbial decomposition bacteria on the compound chips treated in the above process. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an organic waste treatment agent and a method for producing an organic waste treatment agent, and in particular, has water retention, volatility, strength, shape retention and the like as organic matter. The present invention relates to an organic waste treatment agent for decomposing organic waste and a method for producing the organic waste treatment agent.

In general, manure is collected in a vacuum car in an area where there is no sewerage system, transported to a processing facility, and processed. In this case, the water of manure is discharged into rivers and the like after being subjected to coagulation sedimentation, filtration, activated carbon treatment, denitrification treatment, and the like.
For this reason, the treatment of the water of manure requires a large amount of cost for installing a large-scale plant, and a labor cost for performing the treatment becomes a burden. In addition, when manure is processed into compost, a bad odor is generated around the stable and contamination of well water and groundwater becomes a problem.

In addition, organic waste such as food waste discharged from general households and food processing industries, when dumped on the ground, causes bad odors and decay, resulting in social problems such as hygiene and environment. For this reason, the method etc. which were processed into the fertilizer dried with the drying apparatus etc. or dumped on the sea were employ | adopted. However, the amount of fertilizer used is limited, and ocean dumping has problems with environmental pollution and costs.
Furthermore, when organic waste such as garbage discharged from general households and food processing industries is treated in an incinerator, the generation of harmful substances and foul odors causes a social problem of environmental pollution.

Patent Document 1 is a technique developed by the inventors of the present application. In the manufacturing method of Patent Document 1, humidity adjustment is performed in the third step, and further, an enzyme aqueous solution immersion treatment is performed in the sixth step. . Moreover, the technique whose carbonization rate is 40%-60% is disclosed.
Moreover, in patent document 2 and patent document 3, it is proposed to use sawdust and wood chips.
JP 2001-179226 A JP-A-8-1133 JP-A-8-168744

However, in the manufacturing method disclosed in Patent Document 1, the charging process conditions in the third step are energized for 12 hours at a voltage of 200 V and a current of 50 A to 100 A. Effects such as deodorization were difficult at the rate of cost increase.
In addition, in the sixth step, the enzyme aqueous solution was immersed in an enzyme extracted from an expensive Artemisia plant / bamboo leaf, etc., but the activity of only microbial-degrading bacteria was activated to increase the production cost. The effect was difficult.
Furthermore, since the carbonization rate is 40% to 60%, the shape retention and water retention decreased, and the decomposition rate of organic waste could not be improved.
Furthermore, since the sawdust disclosed in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 absorbs moisture such as food waste, it forms a consolidated product, and therefore the voids are reduced due to the reduction in surface area. For this reason, since the propagation of aerobic microorganisms effective for the decomposition of garbage is suppressed, there is a problem that the decomposition ability is lowered by the microorganisms and the garbage cannot be decomposed efficiently.

  Therefore, the present invention eliminates the humidity adjustment treatment process and the enzyme aqueous solution immersion treatment process in the sixth process, which are the third processes disclosed in Patent Document 1, thereby reducing production costs and production time. The purpose of this is to improve the productivity of organic waste and to improve economic efficiency by improving productivity.

  In order to achieve the above object, the organic waste treating agent according to the present invention has a function as a carrier and a propagation medium for microbial degrading bacteria that decompose organic waste, and has a function as a wood strip, a scepter strip, Bamboo strips and rice husks are heated and used, and the organic material pieces impregnated with a material that improves the hardness by heating are heated in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to form a porous composite piece in which organic and inorganic acids are mixed, It is characterized by having functions of water retention as organic matter, water volatility, and inorganic strength and shape retention.

  Furthermore, the method for producing an organic waste treatment agent of the present invention includes a method for producing an organic waste treatment agent that functions as a carrier and a propagation medium for microbial degrading bacteria that decompose organic waste.・ Processing organic raw material pieces by cutting bamboo strips, rice husks, etc. to a predetermined length so that sufficient strength and shape retention can be obtained, and after sufficiently drying the organic raw materials processed in this step A step of heating and firing under a predetermined condition so as to obtain a predetermined carbonization rate, a step of adjusting the pH of the composite piece treated by this step with an organic acid, and a microbial decomposition into the composite piece treated by this step And a step of supporting bacteria.

  As described above, the method for producing an organic waste treatment agent of the present invention reduces the production cost and reduces the humidity adjustment treatment step and the enzyme aqueous solution immersion treatment step after pH adjustment, as compared with the conventional method. Since the productivity is improved by reducing the manufacturing time or the like, it has a remarkable economic effect.

  Furthermore, the organic waste treatment agent of the present invention is a mixture of organic matter and a non-oxidizing atmosphere treated by carbonization of a part of the surface while improving the hardness by heating wood chips and the like. By constructing with the body, it is possible to improve the strength of the wood pieces to prevent corrosion, and to improve the environment where microorganisms can inhabit by increasing the porosity. As a result, the ability to decompose organic waste is significantly improved.

  Furthermore, the organic waste treatment agent of the present invention is a porous (porous material) in which wood chips and the like are heated to improve hardness and heated in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to mix organic and non-oxidizing atmosphere-treated substances. )), It has functions of water retention and moisture volatility as organic matter, strength and shape retention, and suppresses improvement and deterioration of wear resistance during use. It can be used effectively over a long period of time by improving the supporting ability against microbial degrading bacteria and improving the decomposing ability of organic waste.

  Furthermore, since the organic waste treatment agent of the present invention improves the activation of the activity of the microbial degrading bacteria by immersing the composite piece in the organic acid solution, the propagation culture of the microbial degrading bacteria is promoted, and the organic waste The decomposition ability of is significantly improved.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

(First embodiment)
The method for producing an organic waste treatment agent comprises a step of strengthening hardness by heating an organic raw material piece from which water-soluble sap components have been removed, and an impregnated organic raw material piece treated by this step in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. A step of heating and converting to a composite piece in which a substance treated in an organic and non-oxidizing atmosphere is mixed and processing to a predetermined carbonization rate, a step of adjusting the pH of the composite piece processed by this step with an organic acid, An organic waste treatment agent having a step of supporting microbial degrading bacteria on the pH-adjusted composite piece treated by the process and having a function as a propagation medium of microbial degrading bacteria is produced.

Each of the above steps will be described in detail.
(First step)
The reason why the fine pieces of wood such as trees are used as the organic raw material pieces is that a predetermined strength and water retention are required in various treatments, and in particular, trees and bamboo are suitable. The types of trees include conifers, broadleaf trees, deciduous trees, evergreen trees, and coniferous trees are particularly suitable.
An organic waste treatment agent having excellent strength and water retention can be obtained by processing an organic raw material piece to produce an organic waste treatment agent having a function of supporting or propagating microorganisms.

The shape of the organic material raw material piece is a thin piece such as a woody piece, a scepter piece, or a bamboo piece. In this case, since it can be processed into a strip shape and a certain amount of strength and water retention is required even as a strip shape, the outer diameter of the tree excluding the epidermis is preferably about 7 cm or more. In this case, the outer diameter is preferably 5 cm or more. For this reason, old damaged trees and thinned tree plantations can also be used.
The length of the strip used as the organic material piece is preferably 1 cm to 4 cm, but 0.3 cm to 3 cm sawdust can also be used if it has sufficient strength and shape retention. In addition, rice husks are excellent in strength and shape retention, and can be used as an organic material since the labor of fragmentation can be omitted. Furthermore, the organic material pieces to be used may be selected and used from various materials such as wood strips, scepter strips, bamboo strips, rice husks, etc., or any two or more types Can also be used in combination.

(Second step)
Thoroughly dry organic raw material pieces are put into a drum type rotary heating furnace, the lid is sealed, the gas burner is ignited, the amount of air sent to the gas burner is adjusted, and the damper open / close degree of the drum type rotary heating furnace is adjusted. Adjust and start heating. In this case, since the air is initially present in the drum type rotary heating furnace, the atmosphere is an oxygen atmosphere. However, since oxygen is consumed as heating proceeds, the atmosphere changes to a non-oxidizing atmosphere. Also, if the pressure in the drum-type rotary heating furnace is always set higher than the pressure in the atmosphere while adjusting the degree of opening and closing of the damper to release smoke into the atmosphere, air will enter the heating furnace. Therefore, a non-oxidizing atmosphere can be maintained.
In this way, the non-oxidizing atmosphere is maintained, and the drum-type rotary heating furnace is heated at 100 to 1000 ° C. at a non-atmospheric temperature and fired in 30 minutes to 10 hours.

The firing conditions (temperature and time) in the non-oxidizing atmosphere vary depending on the material and shape of the organic material piece, but the organic material piece is the surface layer by firing at a temperature of 100 to 600 ° C. for 30 minutes to 10 hours. When the portion is carbonized and the content of the organic portion increases as it enters the inside, it is converted into a composite piece in which organic matter and a substance treated in a non-oxidizing atmosphere are mixed.
If the organic raw material piece is completely carbonized (carbonization rate 100%), the strength and shape retention will deteriorate due to the increase in wear rate, so the function of the carrier and propagation medium for microbial degrading bacteria as organic waste treatment agent will be reduced. This is not preferable.
From various tests, a carrier and propagation medium of microbial degrading bacteria excellent in characteristics with a carbonization rate of 20% or less can be obtained. For this reason, it is necessary to set the firing conditions in a non-oxidizing atmosphere so that the carbonization rate is within 20%.
The material that has been impregnated into the organic material piece and improved in hardness by heating is converted to inorganic material by firing in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and the carbonized part treated on the main surface layer part of the composite piece has strength and shape retention. While improving, since the organic part is hold | maintained without carbonizing, the inside of a wood strip has water retention and volatility.

(3rd process)
In order to decompose lignin, hemicellulose and the like from the composite piece obtained in the second step, acid treatment is performed by immersing in an acidic solution for 30 minutes to 2 hours. The acid used for this acid treatment may be either an organic acid or an inorganic acid. In the case of an organic acid, citric acid is used, and in the case of an inorganic acid, diluted sulfuric acid is used. In this case, it is particularly preferred to use citric acid because it is ecologically safe and environmentally friendly.

(4th process)
The pH of the composite piece obtained in the third step is adjusted using an organic acid. By the way, in the treatment of organic waste, the most suitable microbial degrading bacteria are selected according to the content and purpose of the organic waste.
In this way, the selected microbial degradation bacteria adjust the pH value using a specific organic acid in order to obtain an optimal activity environment. For example, when lactic acid is used for microbial degrading bacteria, the composite piece is immersed in a lactic acid solution for 20 to 80 minutes to adjust the pH value to 6.7 to 7.8.

(5th process)
The composite piece obtained by the treatment in the fourth step is immersed in an aqueous solution containing the microbial degrading bacteria to be supported for 30 minutes to 1 hour. In this case, the temperature of the aqueous solution is 20 ° C. to 40 ° C., and other than tap water is used.
Thus, tap water is not used because chlorine contained in tap water suppresses the growth of microbial-degrading bacteria. As a microbial degrading bacterium, a Bacillus type is preferable, but a lactic acid bacterium or the like can also be used according to the contents and purpose of organic waste.

(Second embodiment)
First, the organic waste treatment agent will be described.
The organic waste treatment agent removes water-soluble moisture by immersing a cedar strip of 0.3 cm to 4 cm cut from a softwood log using a chopper as a cutting machine in ground water for 3 to 6 hours. Thereafter, the mixture is put into a drum-type rotary mixer and mixed for 1 to 3 hours while adding the silica sol aqueous solution to wet the cedar strips in the silica sol aqueous solution. This cedar strip is immersed in an aqueous silica sol solution at room temperature for 18 hours to 36 hours to impregnate the cedar strip with the silica sol. As materials for improving the hardness by heating, an aqueous solution of oxide colloidal particles such as alumina sol, a water glass solution, a metal alkoxide solution, and the like can also be used.
The cedar strip impregnated with the silica sol is put into a drum-type rotary heating furnace and fired at an ambient temperature of 100 ° C. to 600 ° C. for 3 hours to 5 hours to produce a composite piece having a carbonization rate of 20% or less. The composite piece of cedar strips produced in this way is placed in a container made of wire mesh, washed with running water, and then immersed in a mineral spring.
In this way, part of the surface is carbonized to form a combined body of organic and non-oxidizing atmospheres, thereby improving the strength of the wood strip, thereby preventing corrosion, and porous. By increasing (porosity), improve the environment where microorganisms can live. Furthermore, since the resin is an inhibitor against microorganisms and suppresses activation, the resin is removed by heating.

Next, garbage disposal will be described.
80 kg to 150 kg of raw garbage and 300 kg to 1200 kg of the organic waste treatment agent are put into a drum-type rotary stirring vessel, and the garbage is processed while rotating for 8 to 12 days.
In the case of processing under the above conditions, a case where the daily garbage processing amount is 100 kg and continuous operation for 10 days will be described. 100 kg of garbage and 600 kg of the organic waste treatment agent according to the present invention are put into the drum-type rotary stirring vessel, and are continuously operated for about 24 hours. On the second day after the operation for about 24 hours, 100 kg of fresh garbage is newly put into the drum-type rotary stirring vessel and continuously operated for about 24 hours. In this way, 100 kg of garbage is put into the drum-type rotary stirring vessel every day for 10 days and continuously operated for about 24 hours.

Under these conditions, after the continuous operation for 10 days, the weight of the garbage and the organic waste treatment agent is measured, and it is about 600.5 kg. This means that since 99 kg of the organic waste treatment agent is unchanged, about 999.5 kg of the total amount of garbage treated for 10 days was decomposed.
From the above results, the decomposition rate (%) of organic waste in the organic waste treatment agent of the present invention = 999.5 kg ÷ 1000 kg≈99.9%.
Thus, the decomposition rate of organic waste by the organic waste treatment agent of the present invention is very high.

Claims (4)

  In the organic waste treatment agent, it functions as a carrier and propagation medium for microbial degrading bacteria that decompose organic waste, heating and using wood strips, scepter strips, bamboo strips and rice husks. Organic material pieces impregnated with materials that improve hardness by heating in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to make porous composite pieces mixed with organic and inorganic acids, water retention as organic matter, moisture volatility and inorganicity Organic waste treatment agent characterized by having functions of strength and shape retention.   2. The organic waste treatment agent according to claim 1, wherein any one of a wood strip, a scepter strip, a bamboo strip, and a rice husk is used alone.   2. The organic waste treatment agent according to claim 1, wherein the organic waste treatment agent is used in combination of a plurality of pieces of wood, scepter, bamboo, and rice husk. In a method for producing an organic waste treatment agent that functions as a carrier and a propagation medium for microbial degrading bacteria that decompose organic waste,
Cutting the organic raw material pieces by cutting the wood pieces, scepter pieces, bamboo pieces, rice husks, etc. into a predetermined length so as to obtain sufficient strength and shape retention;
The organic raw material pieces processed in this step are sufficiently dried and then heated in a heating furnace and fired under predetermined conditions so as to have a predetermined carbonization rate,
A step of acid-treating the composite piece treated to a predetermined carbonization rate in this step;
Adjusting the pH of the composite piece acid-treated by this step with an organic acid;
A step of carrying microbial degrading bacteria on the composite piece adjusted in pH in this step;
The manufacturing method of the organic waste processing agent characterized by having.