JP2008282788A - Phosphorescent luminous material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make surface light source by improving point light source characteristics of illumination such as LED, make it human friendly, and obtain a light source which saves energy and useful for disaster prevention. <P>SOLUTION: Phosporescent material pellets are arranged to cover at least luminous faces of a plurality of pieces of LEDs or the like, and arranged so that light emitted from the LEDs or the like are made incident into the pellets, and the light emitted from the LEDs or the like are diffusely reflected on the pellets surface. As a result, the light emitted from the LEDs or the like are diffusely reflected, and since the light emitted from the plurality of pieces of the LEDs or the like become not only unrecognizable as a plurality of pieces of the point light sources any longer but also the luminous material pellets shines when the LEDs or the like are at light-out time, it becomes an emergency guide plate and all-night light. Moreover, since lighting time of the LEDs or the like can be shortened by an afterglow effect of a luminous material, this becomes energy saving. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a light emitter combined with a phosphorescent material.

  When an LED (light-emitting diode) or the like, that is, an LED, a xenon lamp, or a halogen lamp is used for indoor lighting, the light emitted by the LED or the like is a point light source due to its structure. There was a problem of acting on the eyes and being unable to stare at the light spot for a long time. A bullet-type LED has a light beam with a wide directivity angle of 50 °. In addition, the flat LED has a light beam directing angle of 120 °, but it is still difficult to use for direct indoor lighting.

In order to use lighting such as LED for indoor lighting, direct the LED etc. with a cover near the ceiling so that the light from the LED lighting does not directly enter the human eye, the LED etc. on the ceiling There is a method in which the reflected light is once reflected and the reflected light is used as room lighting, and although it is soft and gentle to human eyes, the light becomes weak. In addition, the indirect illumination requires a cover as described above for indirect illumination, and thus has a drawback of high cost.

In addition, in order to guide people to a safe place in the event of a power failure, there is an emergency guide board made of a phosphorescent material that absorbs light from a distant fluorescent light and emits light for a certain time during a power failure. The light energy absorbed by the phosphorescent material is weak because it absorbs soft light far away in the environment. As a result, the light emitted by the phosphorescent material is weak when extinguished, and the afterglow time of the emergency guide plate made of the phosphorescent material is short. There was a drawback.

The present invention provides a means to remedy this drawback. First, a point light source such as an LED is used as a surface light source so that it can be used as an indoor direct light or night light that is easy on the human eye. The purpose is to provide direct lighting or nightlight that also serves as an emergency guide.
Also, when a power failure occurs in a subway etc. due to an earthquake or disaster, it is also used as a high-performance emergency guide board that emits light with a brighter brightness than the conventional emergency guide board that absorbs light such as fluorescent lights in the distance The aim is to provide direct lighting.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a direct illumination or nightlight that also functions as an emergency guide plate with the same high performance by using a conventional fluorescent lamp instead of an LED or the like.

The first problem to be solved is that conventional lighting such as LEDs is a point light source, a strong light beam is incident on the human eye, and the eyes become painful when staring at a long light source such as an LED That's what it means.
The second problem to be solved is that the emergency guide plate made of conventional phosphorescent material absorbs soft light gently to human eyes like fluorescent lamps in the distance. The light to be used is weak, and the emergency guide plate made of phosphorescent material has a shortcoming of short afterglow time.

  In order to solve the first problem, the present invention is a pellet in which 1 to 30 wt% phosphorescent material powder is first dispersed in a transparent resin, a rectangular parallelepiped pellet having a side of 0.5 mm or more and 6 mm or less, or a long or short diameter Is prepared in the form of an elliptic cylinder having a height of 0.5 mm to 6 mm and a height of 0.5 mm to 6 mm.

Next, the pellet is disposed so as to cover at least the light emitting surface of a plurality of LEDs (light emitting diodes), the light emitted from the LED is incident on the pellet, and the light emitted from the LED is emitted onto the surface of the pellet It arranges so that it may diffusely reflect.
As a result of experiments, it was found that the light emitted from the LED or the like is diffusely reflected by the pellet, so that the light emitted from the plurality of LEDs or the like can no longer be seen by the plurality of point light sources.

Next, when the LED or the like is turned off, the phosphorescent material powder in the pellet emits light. Since the phosphorescent material powder in the pellet is placed very close to the LED, etc., it absorbs large light energy due to the strong light of the light emitting surface of the LED, etc. when the LED is turned on, and the phosphorescent material when the LED is turned off Experiments have confirmed that the intensity of the light emitted by the powder is much stronger and longer afterglow than the light emitted by conventional emergency guides that absorb light from fluorescent lamps and the like in the distance. It was.

Even when the comparative experiment was conducted visually, a large difference was clearly confirmed.
The phosphorescent material used in the conventional emergency guide plate is irradiated for 4 minutes using the regular light source D65. The distance between the regular light source D65 and the phosphorescent material was set to 1 m in consideration of the average distance that a normal emergency guide plate is illuminated by the fluorescent lamps in the hallway. After that, the afterglow brightness of the phosphorescent material after turning off the ordinary light source and making a power outage for 5 minutes was 50 mcd / m ² , but the phosphorescent material used for the nightlight also serving as an emergency guide plate of the present invention is the present invention. It is placed very close to the LED etc. used for the night-light emergency guide plate of the LED, and after 4 minutes of irradiation with the LED etc., the LED etc. is turned off, the power is cut off, and the afterglow brightness of the phosphorescent material after 5 minutes is It was 250 mcd / m ² .
The reason for the big difference is that the conventional emergency guide board absorbs weak light such as fluorescent lamps and nightlights, which are about 1 m away from each other, and stores the nightlight emergency guide board of the present invention inside itself. It has a light source such as an LED, and the phosphorescent material arranged very close to the LED or the like is in the point of absorbing and storing the strong light energy of the adjacent light source.
For example, the nightlight and emergency guide board of the present invention is the sun and the moon at the same time, compared to the conventional emergency guide board that is the moon.

Next, a fluorescent lamp is used in place of the LED, the pellet is placed very close to the fluorescent lamp so as to cover the light emitting surface of the fluorescent lamp, light emitted from the fluorescent lamp is incident on the pellet, and the fluorescent lamp emits Light is diffusely reflected on the pellet surface.
As a result of the irregular reflection of the light emitted from the fluorescent lamp by the pellet, it was confirmed that the light emitted from the fluorescent lamp is no longer visible to the line light source.

Next, when the fluorescent lamp was extinguished, the phosphorescent material powder in the pellet emitted light more strongly than the conventional emergency guide plate, and a high-performance night lamp combined with an emergency guide plate was obtained. This is because the pellet is located very close to the fluorescent lamp, so it absorbs strong light from the fluorescent lamp when the fluorescent lamp is turned on. This is because, unlike the case of absorbing the weak light of the lamp, the light can be emitted more strongly during a power failure. This principle is the same as in the case of LEDs.

In the experiment, 9.1 wt% of phosphorescent ceramic powder (manufactured by Nemoto Special Chemical KK, SrAl ₂ O ₄ : Eu, Dy) having an average particle size of 30 μm was mixed with an acrylic transparent resin, and a known extruder was used. The transparent resin and the phosphorescent material powder are kneaded almost uniformly, extruded from a die hole of about 4 mm to form a string-like resin, and the string-shaped resin is cut using a pelletizer to have a major axis of 3.4 mm and a minor axis of 2. An elliptical cylindrical pellet having a height of 7 mm and a height of 3.8 mm was made and used for the experiment.

Although finer particles such as an average particle size of 3 μm can be used as the particle size of the phosphorescent material powder, the phosphorescent performance is lowered. Further, when a particle having a large particle diameter such as an average particle diameter of 70 μm is used, the light storage performance is further increased, but the kneadability and dispersibility are deteriorated. As a result, phosphorescent material powder having an average particle diameter of 30 μm was most suitable.
Similar results were obtained using Sr ₄ Al ₁₄ O ₂₅ : Eu, Dy, a phosphorescent ceramic powder manufactured by Nichia Corporation.
As the transparent resin to be used, an ABS resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polypropylene resin, an epoxy resin, a silicone resin and the like can be used in addition to the acrylic resin.
In addition, when the inorganic material, i.e. pure silica or alumina, is made into pellets having a diameter of about 3 to 4 mm, the transparency increases, so that about 30 [mu] m phosphorescent ceramic powder can be dispersed inside these pellets.
When dispersing in silica or alumina, first, the phosphorescent ceramic powder is dispersed in the silicon or aluminum alkoxide solution, the silicon or aluminum alkoxide is hydrolyzed, polycondensed to gel, and the gel is baked. A so-called known sol-gel method for pulverizing into pellets can be used.
Pellets in which phosphorescent ceramic powder is dispersed in silica or alumina in this way have better heat resistance than pellets dispersed in resin, so light sources such as high-temperature halogen lamps and xenon lamps are used. It is suitable as a luminous pellet covering the light emitting surface. The phosphorescent ceramic powder itself is an inorganic material and has high heat resistance.

As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1A, the phosphorescent material pellets 12 are arranged so as to cover at least the light emitting surfaces of the plurality of LEDs 14 and the like, and light emitted from the LEDs 14 is incident on the pellets 12. In addition, the light emitted from the LED 14 or the like is arranged so as to diffusely reflect on the surface of the pellet 12.
As a result of experiments, it has been found that the light emitted from the LEDs 14 and the like is diffusely reflected by the pellet, so that the light emitted from the plurality of LEDs 14 can no longer be seen by the plurality of point light sources. The plurality of LEDs 14 are soldered to the printed circuit board 13, the pellets 12 are filled in the vicinity of the light emitting surface and side surfaces of the plurality of LEDs 14, and the LEDs 14 and the pellets 12 are in a transparent case. If housed in 11, an integral phosphorescent light emitter can be produced. The plurality of LEDs 14 and the like are not limited to the bullet type LED as shown in the figure, and may be a known flat type or chip type LED (not shown), a xenon lamp, or a halogen lamp.

FIG. 1B is an enlarged view of one of the phosphorescent material pellets 12.
The phosphorescent material pellet 12 shows an example of an elliptical cylindrical shape, and the inside of the phosphorescent material pellet 12 has an average particle diameter of approximately uniformly composed of SrAl ₂ O ₄ : Eu, Dy or Sr ₄ Al ₁₄ O ₂₅ : Eu, Dy. When 30 μ of phosphorescent ceramic powder 15 is dispersed and the weight ratio of phosphorescent ceramic powder 15 is 1 to 30 wt%, phosphorescent ceramic powder 15 can easily absorb light from LED 14 or the like. In addition, the light from the LED 14 passes through the portion 16 such as a transparent resin, and the light reaches the phosphorescent material pellet located away from the LED 14. If the average particle size of the phosphorescent ceramic powder 15 is 30 μm, the light from the LED 14 or the like is scattered by the phosphorescent ceramic powder 15 even within the pellet 12. There is also light that reaches through the gap between the phosphorescent material pellets.
As a result, the phosphorescent material pellets close to the LEDs 14 and the like not only absorb and store strong light, but also the phosphorescent material pellets located away from the LEDs 14 and the like can absorb and store light.

Not only that, a part of the phosphorescent material pellet located away from the LED etc. 14 diffuses part of the light from the LED etc. 14 to bounce light back to the phosphorescent material pellet at the bottom of FIG. Giving even greater light energy to the phosphorescent material pellets at the bottom.
Of course, the phosphorescent material pellets close to the transparent case 11 not only diffusely reflect the light but also part of the light passes through the phosphorescent material pellets close to the transparent case 11 and emerges from the upper surface of the transparent case. As a result, LEDs and the like are no longer visible as point light sources but become surface light sources. Moreover, since the pellets are phosphorescent, they emit strong afterglow when turned off.
This is one of the features of the present invention.

Buildings are obliged to install emergency guide boards under the Fire Service Law, and the current phosphorescent performance of emergency guide boards is not very satisfactory as described above. It will be possible to provide a nightlight that also serves as a guide board, which can contribute to improving safety in the event of a disaster such as a power failure.

Further, the plurality of LEDs 14 are soldered to the printed circuit board 13 and the pellets 12 are filled in the vicinity of the light emitting surfaces and side surfaces of the plurality of LEDs 14 and then the transparent adhesive is used to The pellet 12 and the LED 14 can be bonded and integrated.
Since strontium aluminate, a phosphorescent ceramic, has the property of being easily hydrolyzed when it encounters moisture, a transparent resin liquid is injected into the transparent case 11 to solidify it, leaving a gap between the pellet 12 and the LED 14 or the like. It is known that when filled with a transparent resin, the pellet 12 is shielded from extraneous moisture, and the phosphorescent ceramic in the pellet becomes difficult to hydrolyze.
Further, if the lower part of the printed board 13 is sealed with resin, the extraneous moisture does not enter the transparent case 11 any more, so even if the transparent case 11 is not completely filled with the transparent resin, the phosphorescent ceramic in the pellet is not watered. It turns out that it becomes difficult to decompose. The transparent case 11 itself can be made by injection molding using a phosphorescent material pellet. However, the phosphorescent ceramic particles 15 are exposed on the surface of the case, and are hydrolyzed by extraneous moisture and are non-luminous on the surface of the case. Since a dull opaque layer is formed, when making the case itself with a phosphorescent resin, the surface that touches the outside air must be coated with a transparent resin.

In addition, when the case itself is made of phosphorescent resin, the strength of the resin is greatly reduced.
Considering various conditions, it is better to store the phosphorescent material in the transparent case 11 as shown in FIG. The transparent case 11 may be a transparent resin or a transparent glass.

Further, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2, a phosphorescent material pellet 22 mixed with resin or glass transparent beads 25 or colored beads is used in place of the phosphorescent material pellet 12 of FIG. It has been confirmed that the light diffusibility can be changed more when it is arranged near a light emitter such as a fluorescent lamp.
Number 21 is a transparent case, and number 23 is a printed board.

Further, in the cross-sectional view shown in Example 4, instead of using resin or glass transparent beads, it can be as shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 3A, the phosphorescent material pellets 32 are arranged on the light emitting surfaces and side surfaces of a plurality of LEDs 34 and the like, and the LEDs 34 in the transparent case 31 that houses the LEDs 32 and the pellets 32 emit light. An irregular reflection surface 35 having a large number of protrusions is provided on the inner surface or the outer surface on the surface side, and the light emitted from the LED 34 or the like has a large number of protrusions provided on the inner surface or the outer surface of the light emitting surface of the transparent case 31 such as an LED. It is also possible to diffuse the diffuse reflection surface 35. Reference numeral 33 denotes a printed board.
FIG. 3B shows a sketch of the irregular reflection surface 35. The irregular reflection surface 35 has a pyramidal protrusion as indicated by reference numeral 36. However, the projection of the irregular reflection surface 35 is not limited to the projection such as the pyramidal projection 36, and it is obvious that light from the LED 34 or the like can be irregularly reflected even if the projection is of any other shape.

4A, a light source 44 representing at least one of a high-intensity LED, a xenon lamp or a halogen lamp is arranged at the focal position of a concave mirror 41 such as a parabolic mirror, as shown in the sectional view of FIG. When the concave mirror 41 such as a parabolic mirror is used to convert the light from the light source 44 into parallel rays, at least a part of the inner surface of the concave mirror 41 such as the parabolic mirror is covered with a lining 42 of a phosphorescent material, and the light source 44 When the light from the light source 44 is absorbed, the inner surface of the concave mirror 41 such as a parabolic mirror shines even when the light source 44 is turned off. (B) is a sketch.
The sketch shown in (c) of FIG. 4 is a variation of the embodiment shown in (a) and (b) of FIG.
In FIG. 4C, a phosphorescent plate can be attached to a part of a transparent plate or a lens plate that covers the opening surface of the concave mirror 41 such as a parabolic mirror. Practically, a doughnut-shaped phosphorescent plate 42A having substantially the same outer shape as the transparent plate or lens plate covering the opening surface of the concave mirror 41 is attached to the inner or outer surface of the transparent plate or lens plate covering the opening surface of the concave mirror 41. Can do.
If it does in this way, the direct light from a light source will pass through the part without the phosphorescent board of a donut-shaped internal diameter part, and will be projected ahead. The light from the light source that hits the donut portion of the donut-shaped phosphorescent plate 42A is stored by the donut-shaped phosphorescent plate, and the donut-shaped phosphorescent plate shines even when the light source is turned off. Therefore, even when the light source is turned off intermittently, a certain level of brightness can be secured even when the light is turned off, which can contribute to energy saving of the battery.
When the light source 44 of the fifth embodiment is turned on, a pulse having a longer OFF time than the conventional pulse lighting can be used. For example, when intermittent pulse lighting is automatically performed such that the light source 44 is turned on only for 1 ms and turned off for 3 ms, the power consumption is 1/4 compared to DC lighting, but the light is turned off for 3 ms. Above all, the phosphorescent material emits light, so it does not appear to flicker. The turn-off time of the LED or the like can be made longer than 3 ms, and the turn-off time can be extended to a turn-off time where flickering is not noticeable due to the afterglow effect of the phosphorescent material.
Ideally, when the lighting time is 1 ms, the light-off time can be extended to 10 ms.
As a result, the power consumption is reduced to 1/10 compared to when the DC lamp is lit, and the battery life is extended 10 times particularly when the power source is a flashlight.
The pulse lighting of the conventional flashlight uses a rectangular wave pulse lighting with a duty of 50% and about 1 MHz, and the power consumption is at most about ½ compared with the DC lighting. Using this flashlight / pulse lighting commercial IC for 1ms pulse lighting at 50% duty and 50% duty cycle, if automatically turned off for 3ms, power consumption becomes 1/4 compared to DC lighting. .
Also, when climbing the mountain and getting lost in the night, having a phosphorescent flashlight like the one mentioned above will improve the survival rate.
In other words, when you can see your feet under the stars, turn off the flashlight and use only phosphorescent light, turn on the phosphorescent flashlight only when it is dark when you can't see your feet, illuminate with strong light, and signal the rescue team Can be used.
Thus, since the flashlight ON time can be reduced, the battery life is extended and the survival rate is improved.
The luminous flashlight as described above is not only suitable as a consumer flashlight used when a power failure occurs in a disaster, but can also be used for military use.
When the light source is an intense ultra-bright LED or a high-brightness xenon lamp, it becomes a so-called combat light for repelling violence. Combat lights cannot be turned on for more than 5 minutes in order to maintain the life of the light source due to heat generation, but phosphorescent combat lights provide a certain level of lighting even when turned off, so they can be used as ladies' and flashlights for walking alone at night. Can also be used.
In FIG. 4 (a) (b) (c), the same number indicates the same thing. Reference numeral 43 denotes a heat radiating plate of the light source 44.

In Example 1 shown in FIG. 1, instead of a plurality of LEDs, one fluorescent lamp is placed, and a phosphorescent pellet similar to FIG. 1 is arranged so as to cover the light emitting surface of the single fluorescent lamp. However, a luminous phosphor similar to that in Example 1 can be obtained. This figure is shown in FIG. The same number as FIG. 1 shows the same thing. Number 16 indicates a fluorescent lamp.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, power can be supplied to the LEDs 55 using a known switching regulator 52 that receives an AC power supply (commercial power supply) 51 as an input. At this time, if the output voltage 53 of the switching regulator 52 is a rectangular wave in which the output voltage 53 is intermittently zero (OFF), no current flows through the LED 55 or the like during the zero interval, resulting in energy-saving illumination such as an LED. .
At this time, even if the time when the current becomes zero is as close to 30 ms as the afterimage time of the eye as much as possible, the phosphorescent material emits light even in the section where the current is zero. Further, the current waveform of the rectangular wave can be brought close to the limit that does not flicker.
Practically, if the current flowing through one LED 55 or the like is such that the rated current flows in the ON section 1 ms of the rectangular wave and 0 mA in the OFF section 3 ms, the power consumption is 1 / compared to that in the case of DC lighting. 4. The flickering of the LED 55 or the like that can allow the optimum value of the ON / OFF ratio by experiment can be visually measured and determined, as in the case of a flashlight using a battery as a power source.
Reference numeral 51 denotes an AC power supply (commercial power supply), and reference numeral 54 denotes a semiconductor switch that turns ON / OFF the output voltage 53 of the switching regulator 52. When the semiconductor switch 54 is ON, a rated current flows through the LED 55 and the like. When is OFF, no current flows through the LED 55 or the like, and becomes 0 mA. As a result, the current flowing in the LED 55 or the like becomes a rectangular wave in which the current is intermittently zero.
If pulse lighting of 1 MHz with a duty of 50% is used for 2 ms, and then the LEDs are automatically turned off for 3 ms, the power consumption becomes 1/4 compared to DC lighting.

When a power failure occurs in a subway, etc., instead of the lighting provided on the wall of the subway tunnel, the luminous LED lighting shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and 7, and FIGS. 9 can be used.
For example, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 7, the LED etc. 72 is housed in a case 71 whose surface is at least partially transparent or translucent, and the phosphorescent plate 73 and / or the phosphorescent so as to cover the light emitting surface of the LED etc. 72. A light-emitting pellet or bead 74 may be disposed, and light emitted from the LED or the like 72 may be incident on the light-storing plate 73 and / or the light-storing pellet or bead 74. At this time, even if the amount of phosphorescent pellets and beads 74 is less than the amount of FIG. Further, even if only the luminous plate 73 is used without using the luminous pellets or beads 74, the surface light source can be obtained.
Next, as shown in the circuit diagram of FIG. 8, when the AC power supply 75 that supplies the current for turning on the LEDs 72 is shut off, the battery 77 charged in advance by the AC power supply 75 and the switching power supply 76 is used. If the LED 72 is turned on intermittently using current and light energy is applied to the phosphorescent plate 73 or phosphorescent pellets or beads 74 shown in the previous figure, the LED etc. even if the AC power supply 75 is cut off due to a power failure The light energy from 72 excites the phosphorescent plate 73 and / or the phosphorescent pellets and beads 74 in the previous figure, and can shine the phosphorescent material.

When the afterglow of the phosphorescent material attenuates to about 5 mcd / m ² or less, when the LED or the like 72 is turned on again, the phosphorescent material is also excited again. As a result, the luminance of the phosphorescent material is about 5 mcd / m ² from the maximum luminance. It keeps shining continuously while going back and forth.
As shown in the pulse waveform diagram of FIG. 10, the duration includes the capacity (Ah) of the battery 77, the current ON time τ of the intermittent lighting pulse waveform V3 for intermittently lighting the LED etc. 72, and the accumulated time thereof. Determined by T.
In practical use, lighting such as LED on the tunnel wall of a subway or the like turns on the LED etc. using the current from the battery 77 for 3 seconds at the time of a power failure, and then turns off the power for 30 minutes by turning it off for 30 minutes. Since the power can be reduced to 1/600, the subway tunnel is illuminated with a brightness of about 5 mcd / m ² or more even if the power failure of the subway does not recover for several days. For this reason, when the subway and underground shopping street exits are blocked due to a large-scale earthquake, etc., waiting for rescue, water can help people survive for a long period of several days.
Further, in the luminous phosphor of the sectional view shown in FIG. 7, when the phosphorescent plate 73 and / or the phosphorescent pellets and beads 74 are arranged so as to cover the light emitting surface of the LED 72 or the like, the phosphorescent plate 73 is arranged. And phosphorescent pellets and beads 74 may be used simultaneously, or only one of them may be used.
Further, in the luminous phosphors of the cross-sectional views shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 7, LEDs and the like are lit with the drive circuit as shown in FIG. 5 without using the drive circuit as shown in FIG. You can also

The operation of the circuit of FIG. 8 is as follows. The current from the + terminal of the switching power supply 76 that receives an AC power supply (commercial power supply) 75 is a constant current I determined by a constant current circuit composed of a PNP transistor Q1, resistors R1 and R2, and a Zener diode Z1 of about 3V. To the LED 72 or the like.
Since the voltage between the emitter and base of the PNP transistor Q1 is about 0.5 V, the constant current I is determined by I = (3-0.5) / R1.
When the AC power supply 75 is not shut off, the current from the + terminal of the switching power supply 76 charges the battery 77 by a quasi-constant current / charging circuit using a resistor R3.
For example, when the battery is a nickel metal hydride battery, the battery 77 is boosted to 1.2 × 3 = 3.6 V when fully charged, but the positive terminal side of the switching power supply 76 and the collector side of the PNP transistor Q1 are operated by the diodes D2 and D1. Does not reverse the current from the battery.
When the battery 77 is empty, the terminal voltage of the battery 77 is approximately 0V. When the battery 77 is 0V, the terminal voltage of the LED 72 does not become 0V due to the action of the diode D3.

Here, the voltage V1 on the + side of the switching regulator 76 can be set to about 4.6 V in consideration of various losses. The negative voltage is 0V.
The voltage V1 is detected using, for example, an integrated circuit Q2 such as S-80717AN, a voltage monitoring / integrated circuit manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc., and a resistor R4, a capacitor C1, a diode D4 and a resistor R5. It can be detected that the voltage is 0V.
When the AC power supply 75 is not cut off, the output V2 of Q2 is about 4.5V.
When the AC power supply 75 is cut off, the output V2 of Q2 becomes 0V.
The output V2 of Q2 is input to the reset terminal RST of the long-time timer 78 in the circuit diagram of FIG. For example, when V2 is 4.5 V, the long time timer 78 is reset and the output V3 becomes 0 V, so that Q3 and Q4 remain OFF.
As a result, a current is supplied to the LED or the like 72 through the resistors R1, Q1, and D1.
When AC power supply 75 is cut off, V1 becomes 0V and Q2's output V2 also becomes 0V, so output V3 of long-time timer 78 is ON for τ time and OFF for t time as shown in the waveform of V3 in FIG. Q3 is turned ON and Q4 is turned ON for τ time through resistors R6 and R7. As a result, the current from the battery 77 is supplied to the LED etc. 72 for τ time.

Therefore, in the event of a power failure, the phosphorescent material that absorbed the light energy from the LED 77 or the like is re-excited for τ time, so the phosphorescent material shines at the maximum luminance, and after the OFF period of the LED or the like indicated by t, the luminance of the phosphorescent material is 5 mcd. / m is decreased to ^2, so then turned oN again by the LED or the like τ time, phosphorescent material is excited to glow in the maximum brightness again.
5 mcd / m ² is bright luminance that allows the object to be clearly confirmed, and 3 mcd / m ² is luminance that allows the outline of the object to be confirmed. ² mcd / m ² is a brightness that can be confirmed with some light blur. Moreover, the brightness | luminance of 0.3 mcd / m < ² > used for evaluation of a luminous material is the minimum brightness | luminance which can be visually recognized when the eyes get used to darkness for several seconds by darkness.

In the case of a power failure accident such as in a subway, in the embodiment without the circuit of FIG. 8, the brightness of the phosphorescent material decreases to 0.3 mcd / m ² 24 hours after the power failure, and it can be practically used, but it also takes more than 24 hours. The brightness is no longer visible, and if the power outage lasts more than 24 hours, it will not be practical.
Therefore, when the circuit of FIG. 8 is provided as in the eighth embodiment, the luminance of the phosphorescent material goes back and forth between the maximum luminance and the luminance of 5 mcd / m ² as long as the capacity of the battery 77 allows even for 24 hours or more, for example several days. Become. If power is restored, the battery 77 is recharged.

FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing an internal circuit of the long-time timer 78 of FIG.
For example, the output OUT of a self-running multivibrator 91 configured using a timer such as the LMC555 timer IC manufactured by National Semiconductor is input to the clock terminal CK of a counter 92 such as the TC4040 counter IC manufactured by Toshiba. The Outputs O _{5 to} O ₁₂ of the counter 92 are input to the multi-input AND 93. The multi-input AND 93 is, for example, CD4068 manufactured by National Semiconductor. As a result, the output V3 of the multi-input AND 93 has a waveform like V3 shown in FIG. 10, and an intermittent current can be supplied to the LED etc. 72 even during a power failure.

The output V2 of the voltage monitoring / integrated circuit Q2 in FIG. 8 is input to the reset terminal RST of the counter 92 in FIG. 9, and the waveform obtained by inverting V2 by the inverter 94 such as TC4093 is input to the inverted reset terminal of the timer 91. Is done.
Oscillation of the self multivibrator 91 starts at the time the order V2 is 0V That power failure, and the output O ₅ ~ O ₁₂ counter 92 also counts up, the output V3 of the output O ₅ ~ O ₁₂ are all to be the High multi-input AND93 Becomes High.
When the counter is further counted up, the outputs of the counter 92 are all 0, and V3 is also 0 V, from which a new count up starts.
As a result, the NPN transistor Q3 is turned on when V3 is intermittently high, and the P4 channel FET Q4 is also turned on by the action of the resistors R6 and R7. Will be supplied to.

When AC power supply 75 is not cut off, V2 is always high and oscillation stops and V3 is always 0 V. Therefore, Q4 remains OFF and current from battery 77 is not supplied to LED 72 or the like. At this time, the constant current I is supplied to the LED 72 or the like via R1 of the constant current circuit, the transistor Q1, and the diode D1.
The circuits of FIGS. 8 and 9 used in the eighth embodiment are not limited to this circuit. When the AC power supply 75 is not cut off, the battery 77 is also charged while supplying the current from the AC power supply 75 to the LED 72, and when the AC power supply 75 is cut off, the battery 77 intermittently supplies the current to the LED 72, etc. Any known circuit can be used as long as the circuit can supply the signal. The battery 77 is not limited to a nickel metal hydride battery, but may be any secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery. The + output voltage of the switching regulator that charges the battery is not limited to 4.6V, and various voltages can be selected.

Further, the luminous phosphor as shown in FIG. 7 used in the subway or the like does not necessarily need to be a surface light source. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the phosphorescent plate 73 and / or the luminous pellets or beads are used in a case 71. It may be filled in, and light such as LED does not necessarily have to be a surface light source.
Further, the case 71 itself may be made of a phosphorescent material, and the case surface may be covered with a transparent resin.

Since the present invention is configured as described above and has the above-described effects, not only can a point light source such as an LED be a surface light source but also a phosphorescent material in the vicinity of the LED is strong even when the LED is turned off. Since it emits light, it can be used as an emergency guide board / nightlight, and an emergency guide board / nightlight useful for disaster prevention can be provided.

In addition, it can be used as soft direct lighting that is friendly to people by using LED lighting as a surface light source, which has not been used for indoors until now. Moreover, since an energy-saving light source can be created as described above, it can contribute to prevention of global warming.
It can also provide lighting for evacuation guidance in the event of a power outage accident in the subway.

Searched for prior art in the JPO Digital Library.
The search formula for searching for patent applications is:
Search formula = (Phosphorescence + Nightlight) & (LED + Light Emitting Diode) & (Bead + Pellet + Lens + Granule)
Was used. As a result, nine patent documents 1 were discovered as follows, but all are inventions unrelated to the present invention, and the present invention does not conflict with the following nine cases.

1. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-233421 Fixed structure of load marker 2. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-117857 Photoluminescent light emitting device and optical emission type optical fiber 3. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-101023 Light emitter using light emitting diode Small Case Strap 5. JP 2000-202043 OPTICAL HUMAN HEALTH MATERIAL AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF 6. JP 2000-162986 DISPLAY DEVICE 7. JP 2000-155544 DISPLAY DEVICE 8. JP 11-163417 LIGHT EMITTING DIODE 9. SPECIAL Table flat 10-501348 Day / night head-up display (HUD)

The search formula for searching for utility model applications is
Search formula = (Phosphorescence + Nightlight) & (LED + Light Emitting Diode) & (Bead + Pellet + Lens + Granule)
Was used. As a result, 0 prior applications were searched.

As described above, the present invention has two major effects of security and energy saving as disaster prevention, and is extremely useful in industry.

A pellet containing a phosphorescent material is arranged so as to cover at least the light emitting surface of a plurality of LEDs, etc., light emitted from the LEDs is incident on the pellet, and light emitted from the LEDs is diffusely reflected on the surface of the pellet In the embodiment of the luminous phosphor, (a) is a sectional view and (b) is an enlarged sketch of one pellet. Sectional drawing which shows the Example of the luminous luminous body using the luminous material pellet and transparent bead. In the Example which provided the irregular reflection surface in the inner surface or outer surface of the transparent case, (a) is sectional drawing and (b) shows a sketch. In this embodiment, a phosphorescent material is arranged on the inner surface of a single high-brightness LED or the like, a concave mirror such as a parabolic mirror, or a concave mirror such as a parabolic mirror, (a) is a cross-sectional view, and (b) is a sketch. (C) shows an embodiment in which a donut-shaped phosphorescent plate is attached to the opening of a concave mirror such as a parabolic mirror. The circuit diagram of the Example which makes the current supply to LED etc. intermittently zero by turning ON / OFF the output of the switching regulator which supplies current to LED etc. and a switching regulator intermittently is shown. It is sectional drawing which shows the Example using a fluorescent lamp instead of LED etc. of FIG. Sectional drawing of the luminous illumination used for the illumination etc. of the wall surface of a subway tunnel is shown. The circuit diagram of the secondary battery combined use and phosphorescent illumination used for the illumination of the wall surface of the tunnel of the subway is shown. It is a circuit diagram which shows the inside of the long time timer 78 shown in FIG. The pulse waveform which supplies an electric current intermittently from the battery of the secondary battery used for the lighting of the wall surface of the tunnel of a subway, and the light storage illumination is shown.

Explanation of symbols

11: transparent case 12: phosphorescent material pellet 13: printed board 14: LED etc. 15: phosphorescent ceramic powder 16: fluorescent lamp 21: transparent case 22: phosphorescent material pellet 23: printed board 24: LED etc. 25: transparent beads 31: Transparent case 32: phosphorescent material pellet 33: printed board 34: LED etc. 35: diffuse reflection surface 36: pyramidal diffuse reflection surface 41: concave mirror 42 such as a parabolic mirror 42: lining of phosphorescent material 42A: concave mirror such as a parabolic mirror Donut-shaped phosphorescent plate 43 provided in the opening: heat sink 44: high brightness LED etc. 51: commercial power supply 52: switching regulator 53: output voltage 54 of switching regulator: semiconductor switch 55: LED etc. 71: transparent or translucent Case 72: LED etc. 73: Phosphorescent plate 74: Luminescent pellet or bead 75: AC power supply (commercial power supply)
76: Switching regulator 77: Secondary battery 78: Long time timer
V1: + output voltage of switching regulator 76
V2: Output of voltage monitoring ICQ2
V3: Output of counter 102
R1 to R7: Resistors
D1-D4: Diode
Z1: Zener diode
Q1: PNP transistor
Q2: Voltage monitoring IC
Q3: NPN transistor
Q4: P-channel FET
91: Timer IC
92: Counter IC
93: Multi-input AND
94: Inverter IC
RA: Resistance
RB: Resistance
Ct: Capacitor
Cd: Decoupling capacitor τ: V3 ON period
t: V3 OFF period

Claims (10)

(A) A pellet in which 1 to 30 wt% phosphorescent material powder is dispersed in transparent resin or transparent silica or transparent alumina, and a rectangular parallelepiped pellet having a side of 0.5 mm or more and 6 mm or less, or a major axis and a minor axis of 0.5 mm or more An elliptic cylindrical pellet having a height of 6 mm or less and a height of 0.5 mm or more and 6 mm or less;
(B) A plurality of LEDs (light emitting diodes) using the pellets, that is, LEDs, xenon lamps, halogen lamps are arranged so as to cover at least the light emitting surfaces thereof, and light emitted from the LEDs or the like is incident on the pellets, And the light emitted from LED etc. is diffusely reflected on the pellet surface,
(C) The light emitted from the LED or the like is irregularly reflected by the pellet, so that the light emitted from the plurality of LEDs or the like is no longer visible to the plurality of point light sources,
(D) A phosphorescent light emitter characterized in that the phosphorescent material powder in the pellet emits light when the LED or the like is turned off. (A) A pellet in which 1 to 30 wt% phosphorescent material powder is dispersed in transparent resin or transparent silica or transparent alumina, and a rectangular parallelepiped pellet having a side of 0.5 mm or more and 6 mm or less, or a major axis and a minor axis of 0.5 mm or more An elliptic cylindrical pellet having a height of 6 mm or less and a height of 0.5 mm or more and 6 mm or less;
(B) using the pellet so as to cover the light emitting surface of the fluorescent lamp, causing the light emitted from the fluorescent lamp to enter the pellet, and irregularly reflecting the light emitted from the fluorescent lamp on the pellet surface;
(C) The light emitted from the fluorescent lamp is irregularly reflected by the pellet, so that the light emitted from the fluorescent lamp is no longer visible to the line light source,
(D) A phosphorescent illuminant characterized in that when the fluorescent lamp is turned off, the phosphorescent material powder in the pellet emits light. (a) A phosphorescent plate and / or phosphorescent pellets and beads are arranged so that at least a part of the surface covers a light emitting surface of an LED or the like housed in a transparent or translucent case, and light emitted from the LED or the like is emitted. Incident into the phosphorescent plate and / or phosphorescent pellets and beads,
(b) When the AC power supply that supplies the current for turning on the LED is shut off, the LED is intermittently turned on using the current from the battery that has been charged in advance by the AC power supply, and the phosphorescent property A phosphorescent illuminant characterized in that light energy is applied to the plate and / or phosphorescent pellets and beads. (a) A phosphorescent plate and / or phosphorescent pellets and beads are arranged so that at least a part of the surface covers a light emitting surface of an LED or the like housed in a transparent or translucent case, and light emitted from the LED or the like is emitted. Incident into the phosphorescent plate and / or phosphorescent pellets and beads,
(B) A phosphorescent phosphor characterized in that the phosphorescent material powder in the pellet emits light when the LED or the like is turned off.   At least one light source of high-intensity LED, xenon lamp, halogen lamp is arranged near the focal point of concave mirrors such as parabolic mirrors, and a luminous lining is provided on at least part of the concave surface on the light source side of the concave mirror. As a result of automatically turning on and off the pulse, and extending the turn-off time so that the flickering of the light source is not noticeable, the power consumption of the pulse lighting light source is reduced to less than one-fourth of the power consumption of DC lighting. Luminescent luminous body characterized.   At least one light source of high-intensity LED, xenon lamp, halogen lamp is arranged near the focal point of concave mirrors such as parabolic mirrors, and a luminous lining is provided on at least part of the concave surface on the light source side of the concave mirror. A luminous phosphor that automatically turns on and off the light.   Place at least one light source among high-intensity LED, xenon lamp, halogen lamp near the focal point of concave mirrors such as parabolic mirrors, and store light on at least part of the surface of the transparent plate or lens plate covering the opening of the concave mirror A luminous phosphor characterized in that a plate is attached and the light source is automatically turned on and off. Arrange at least one kind of light source among high-intensity LED, xenon lamp, halogen lamp near the focal point of concave mirror such as parabolic mirror, and provide phosphorescent lining on at least part of concave surface on the light source side of concave mirror, Alternatively, a phosphorescent illuminant comprising a phosphorescent plate attached to at least a part of a surface of a transparent plate or a lens plate covering an opening of a concave mirror. 6. The phosphorescent material powder according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the phosphorescent material powder is a phosphorescent ceramic powder composed of SrAl ₂ O ₄ : Eu, Dy or Sr ₄ Al ₁₄ O ₂₅ : Eu, Dy, and the particle diameter of the powder is 1 to 100 μm. A luminous phosphor characterized in that The phosphorescent light-emitting material of claims 1 according to claim _{8, SrAl 2 O 4: Eu,} Dy or _{Sr 4 Al 14 O 25: Eu} , it is a phosphorescent light emitting material containing a phosphorescent ceramic powder consisting of Dy Luminescent luminous body characterized.