JP2008273756A - Apparatus and method for producing solid/liquid two-phase nitrogen - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for producing solid/liquid two-phase nitrogen Download PDF

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JP2008273756A
JP2008273756A JP2007115862A JP2007115862A JP2008273756A JP 2008273756 A JP2008273756 A JP 2008273756A JP 2007115862 A JP2007115862 A JP 2007115862A JP 2007115862 A JP2007115862 A JP 2007115862A JP 2008273756 A JP2008273756 A JP 2008273756A
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nitrogen
solid
liquid
cold head
phase
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Shuichiro Fuchino
修一郎 淵野
Naotake Natori
尚武 名取
Mitsuo Furuse
充穂 古瀬
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National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for easily producing solid/liquid two-phase nitrogen with simple constitution and a method for easily producing the solid/liquid two-phase nitrogen by a simple method. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus for producing the solid/liquid two-phase nitrogen comprises a storage 2 to store the solid/liquid two-phase nitrogen, a freezer 1 set on the storage 2, a cold head 3 dipped in liquid nitrogen 6 in the storage 2 and cooled by the freezer 1 and a heater 4 attached to the cold head 3 and is characterized by that solid nitrogen 7 adhered to the cold head 3 by being cooled with the freezer 1 is heated by the heater 4 and peeled. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、固液２相窒素の製造装置および固液２相窒素の製造方法に係り、例えば、超電導応用機器の冷却装置に使用される固液２相窒素の製造装置および製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen and a method for producing solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen, and relates to, for example, an apparatus and a method for producing solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen used for a cooling device for superconducting equipment.

近年、スラッシュ窒素（微細な固体窒素粒子が分散したスラリー状の液体窒素）を超電導送電ケーブルの冷却に用いるために管内搬送特性に関する基礎研究が盛んに行われている。スラッシュ窒素を含めて固液２相窒素を製造するためには、主として次の２種類の方法がある。第１の方法は、真空ポンプにより減圧して窒素の三重点まで圧力を下げることにより固体窒素を生成する方法であり、第２の方法は、液体窒素中に固体窒素のできる温度（６３Ｋ）以下の温度の極低温ガス（ネオン、水素、ヘリウム）を液体窒素中に噴出させて液体窒素を固化させる方法である。
特表２００４−８０８９２号公報 池内正充 他４名：「スラッシュ窒素の生成に関する基礎研究」、第６８回２００３年度春季低温工学・超電導学会、２００３年５月、２Ｃ−ａ０３ 松尾康一 他３名：「スラッシュ窒素の管内搬送特性に関する基礎研究」、低温工学３９巻１０号 ｐｐ.４７５−４８２, ２００４年 In recent years, in order to use slush nitrogen (slurry liquid nitrogen in which fine solid nitrogen particles are dispersed) for cooling a superconducting power transmission cable, basic research on in-pipe transport characteristics has been actively conducted. In order to produce solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen including slush nitrogen, there are mainly the following two methods. The first method is a method of generating solid nitrogen by reducing the pressure to a triple point of nitrogen by reducing the pressure with a vacuum pump, and the second method is a temperature (63K) or less at which solid nitrogen can be formed in liquid nitrogen. This is a method in which liquid nitrogen is solidified by jetting a cryogenic gas (neon, hydrogen, helium) having a temperature of 1 to the liquid nitrogen.
Special table 2004-80892 gazette Masamitsu Ikeuchi and 4 others: "Basic research on the generation of slush nitrogen", 68th 2003 Spring Cryogenic Engineering and Superconductivity Society, May 2003, 2C-a03 Koichi Matsuo and three others: "Basic research on the transport characteristics of slush nitrogen in tubes", Cryogenic Engineering Vol.39 No.10 pp.475-482, 2004

しかし、上記第１の方法は、圧力が大気圧以下となるため、搬送のために加圧すると温度が上昇したり、外気の吸い込みによるトラブルが生じるおそれがある。また、真空ポンプにより排気するため、液体窒素の量が減少する。また、上記第２の方法は、ヘリウム等の極低温ガスが高価であるという問題点がある。
本発明の目的は、上記の問題点に鑑みて、簡便な構成により容易に固液２相窒素を製造する装置、および簡便な方法により容易に固液２相窒素の製造する方法を提供することにある。 However, in the first method, since the pressure is equal to or lower than the atmospheric pressure, there is a risk that when the pressure is increased for conveyance, the temperature rises or troubles due to inhalation of outside air occur. Further, since the vacuum pump exhausts, the amount of liquid nitrogen decreases. Further, the second method has a problem that a cryogenic gas such as helium is expensive.
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for easily producing solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen with a simple structure and a method for easily producing solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen by a simple method. It is in.

本発明は、上記の課題を解決するために、次のような手段を採用した。
第１の手段は、固液２相窒素を収容する貯槽と、該貯槽上に取り付けられた冷凍機と、前記貯槽内の液体窒素内に浸漬され、前記冷凍機により冷却されるコールドヘッドと、該コールドヘッドに取り付けられたヒータとからなり、前記冷凍機により冷却されて前記コールドヘッドに付着した固体窒素を前記ヒータにより加熱して剥離し、前記貯槽内に固液２相窒素を製造することを特徴とする固液２相窒素製造装置である。
第２の手段は、第１の手段において、前記コールドヘッドは、該コールドヘッドの端部側に前記ヒータが取り付けられ、前記端部側より前記冷凍機側が断熱材で被覆されていることを特徴とする固液２相窒素の製造装置である。
第３の手段は、冷凍機により液体窒素内で冷却されるコールドヘッドと、該コールドヘッドに取り付けられたヒータとからなり、前記冷凍機により前記コールドヘッドを冷却して該コールドヘッドに固体窒素を付着させる工程と、その後、前記コールドヘッドの冷却を中止して前記ヒータを加熱し、前記付着した固体窒素を前記コールドヘッドから剥離する工程とを繰り返すことにより、固液２相窒素を製造することを特徴とする固液２相窒素の製造方法である。 The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
The first means is a storage tank containing solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen, a refrigerator attached to the storage tank, a cold head immersed in liquid nitrogen in the storage tank and cooled by the refrigerator, It comprises a heater attached to the cold head, and solid nitrogen that has been cooled by the refrigerator and attached to the cold head is heated and peeled off by the heater to produce solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen in the storage tank. Is a solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen production apparatus.
According to a second means, in the first means, the cold head has the heater attached to an end side of the cold head, and the refrigerator side is covered with a heat insulating material from the end side. The solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen production apparatus.
The third means comprises a cold head cooled in liquid nitrogen by a refrigerator and a heater attached to the cold head, and the cold head is cooled by the refrigerator to supply solid nitrogen to the cold head. Producing solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen by repeating the step of adhering and then the step of stopping cooling of the cold head, heating the heater, and peeling the adhering solid nitrogen from the cold head Is a method for producing solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen.

本発明の固液２相窒素の製造装置によれば、簡便な構成により安価に固液２相窒素を製造することができ、また、本発明の固液２相窒素の製造方法によれば、簡便な方法により安価に固液２相窒素の製造することができる。   According to the solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen production apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to produce solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen at a low cost with a simple configuration, and according to the solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen production method of the present invention, Solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen can be produced at low cost by a simple method.

本発明の一実施形態を図１を用いて説明する。
図１は本実施形態の発明に係る固液２相窒素製造装置の構成を示す図である。
同図において、１は小型冷凍機、２は液体窒素６と固体窒素７からなる固液２相窒素を収容する透明ガラス貯槽、３は小型冷凍機１により冷却されるコールドヘッド、４はコールドヘッド３の端部表面に、例えば、巻回して設けられたヒータ、５はコールドヘッド３の端部表面のみに固体窒素７を付着させ、端部表面以外の箇所には固体窒素７が付着されないようにするために設けられた断熱材、６は液体窒素、７は固体窒素である。なお、透明ガラス貯槽２は２重構造になっており、２重構造内は真空引きされており、所謂魔法瓶のような断熱構造となっている。また透明ガラスも貯槽２内を可視化するために使用したものであり、本来ガラスである必要はなく、魔法瓶のようにステンレスで構成してもよい。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen production apparatus according to the invention of this embodiment.
In the figure, 1 is a small refrigerator, 2 is a transparent glass storage tank for storing solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen composed of liquid nitrogen 6 and solid nitrogen 7, 3 is a cold head cooled by the small refrigerator 1, and 4 is a cold head. For example, a heater 5 wound around the end surface of 3 is attached with solid nitrogen 7 only on the end surface of the cold head 3, so that solid nitrogen 7 does not adhere to portions other than the end surface. Insulating material provided for the purpose, 6 is liquid nitrogen, and 7 is solid nitrogen. In addition, the transparent glass storage tank 2 has a double structure, and the inside of the double structure is evacuated, and has a heat insulation structure like a so-called thermos. Further, the transparent glass is also used for visualizing the inside of the storage tank 2, and is not necessarily glass, but may be made of stainless steel like a thermos.

同装置において、固液２相窒素は次の手順で製造される。まず、透明ガラス貯槽２に液体窒素６を充填し、小型冷凍機１の運転を開始する。運転開始後約６時間で固体窒素７がコールドヘッド３の端部周囲にでき始める。さらに運転を続けると固体窒素７の厚みは、例えば、約１mm/10 min.の割合で増加していく。ある程度の厚さの固体窒素７がコールドヘッド３の端部周囲に付着されたら、小型冷凍機１の運転を停止し、ヒータ４を投入する。数分後、ヒータ４と固体窒素７との間に気泡が生じ、その後、固体窒素７が剥離し、液体窒素６中に固体窒素７が混在した固液２相窒素が製造される。この一連の作業を繰り返すことにより、透明ガラス貯槽２内において、固液２相窒素中における固体窒素７の割合を増やすことができる。   In this apparatus, solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen is produced by the following procedure. First, the transparent glass storage tank 2 is filled with liquid nitrogen 6 and the operation of the small refrigerator 1 is started. About 6 hours after the start of operation, solid nitrogen 7 starts to form around the end of the cold head 3. When the operation is further continued, the thickness of the solid nitrogen 7 increases, for example, at a rate of about 1 mm / 10 min. When solid nitrogen 7 having a certain thickness is attached around the end of the cold head 3, the operation of the small refrigerator 1 is stopped and the heater 4 is turned on. After a few minutes, bubbles are generated between the heater 4 and the solid nitrogen 7, and then the solid nitrogen 7 is peeled off to produce solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen in which the solid nitrogen 7 is mixed in the liquid nitrogen 6. By repeating this series of operations, the ratio of solid nitrogen 7 in the solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen can be increased in the transparent glass storage tank 2.

産業上の利用の可能性Industrial applicability

超電導応用機器の冷却装置において、特に、超電導機器からの発熱が定常的ではなく、負荷変動が大きい場合には固体窒素の融解潜熱を利用することにより、冷媒温度を一定に保つことができる。   In the cooling device for superconducting equipment, particularly when the heat generated from the superconducting equipment is not steady and the load fluctuation is large, the refrigerant temperature can be kept constant by utilizing the latent heat of fusion of solid nitrogen.

本発明に係る固液２相窒素製造装置の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen manufacturing apparatus based on this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 小型冷凍機
２ 透明ガラス貯槽
３ コールドヘッド
４ ヒータ
５ 断熱材
６ 液体窒素
７ 固体窒素 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Small refrigerator 2 Transparent glass storage tank 3 Cold head 4 Heater 5 Heat insulating material 6 Liquid nitrogen 7 Solid nitrogen

Claims (3)

固液２相窒素を収容する貯槽と、該貯槽上に取り付けられた冷凍機と、前記貯槽内の液体窒素内に浸漬され、前記冷凍機により冷却されるコールドヘッドと、該コールドヘッドに取り付けられたヒータとからなり、前記冷凍機により冷却されて前記コールドヘッドに付着した固体窒素を前記ヒータにより加熱して剥離し、前記貯槽内に固液２相窒素を製造することを特徴とする固液２相窒素製造装置。   A storage tank containing solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen, a refrigerator mounted on the storage tank, a cold head immersed in liquid nitrogen in the storage tank and cooled by the refrigerator, and attached to the cold head A solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen is produced in the storage tank by heating the solid nitrogen cooled by the refrigerator and adhering to the cold head to be peeled off by the heater. Two-phase nitrogen production equipment. 前記コールドヘッドは、該コールドヘッドの端部側に前記ヒータが取り付けられ、前記端部側より前記冷凍機側が断熱材で被覆されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の固液２相窒素の製造装置。   2. The solid-liquid two-phase structure according to claim 1, wherein the cold head has the heater attached to an end portion side of the cold head, and the refrigerator side is covered with a heat insulating material from the end portion side. Nitrogen production equipment. 冷凍機により液体窒素内で冷却されるコールドヘッドと、該コールドヘッドに取り付けられたヒータとからなり、前記冷凍機により前記コールドヘッドを冷却して該コールドヘッドに固体窒素を付着させる工程と、その後、前記コールドヘッドの冷却を中止して前記ヒータを加熱し、前記付着した固体窒素を前記コールドヘッドから剥離する工程とを繰り返すことにより、固液２相窒素を製造することを特徴とする固液２相窒素の製造方法。   A cold head cooled in liquid nitrogen by a refrigerator and a heater attached to the cold head, the step of cooling the cold head by the refrigerator and attaching solid nitrogen to the cold head; and The solid-liquid two-phase nitrogen is produced by repeating the steps of stopping cooling of the cold head, heating the heater, and peeling off the attached solid nitrogen from the cold head. A method for producing two-phase nitrogen.
JP2007115862A 2007-04-25 2007-04-25 Apparatus and method for producing solid/liquid two-phase nitrogen Pending JP2008273756A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04280801A (en) * 1991-03-08 1992-10-06 Iwatani Internatl Corp Slash hydrogen-producing device
JPH06281321A (en) * 1993-03-31 1994-10-07 Nippon Sanso Kk Method and apparatus for manufacturing slush hydrogen
JPH07239095A (en) * 1994-02-25 1995-09-12 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Slash hydrogen receiving and discharging pipe
JPH08283001A (en) * 1995-04-12 1996-10-29 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Production of slush hydrogen and device therefor
WO2004080892A1 (en) * 2003-03-11 2004-09-23 Mayekawa Mfg. Co., Ltd. Process for producing slush nitrogen and apparatus therefor
WO2005075352A1 (en) * 2004-02-06 2005-08-18 Mayekawa Mfg.Co.,Ltd. Method and apparatus for producing slush nitrogen
JP2008002715A (en) * 2006-06-20 2008-01-10 Tohoku Univ Very low temperature micro-slush production system

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04280801A (en) * 1991-03-08 1992-10-06 Iwatani Internatl Corp Slash hydrogen-producing device
JPH06281321A (en) * 1993-03-31 1994-10-07 Nippon Sanso Kk Method and apparatus for manufacturing slush hydrogen
JPH07239095A (en) * 1994-02-25 1995-09-12 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Slash hydrogen receiving and discharging pipe
JPH08283001A (en) * 1995-04-12 1996-10-29 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Production of slush hydrogen and device therefor
WO2004080892A1 (en) * 2003-03-11 2004-09-23 Mayekawa Mfg. Co., Ltd. Process for producing slush nitrogen and apparatus therefor
WO2005075352A1 (en) * 2004-02-06 2005-08-18 Mayekawa Mfg.Co.,Ltd. Method and apparatus for producing slush nitrogen
JP2008002715A (en) * 2006-06-20 2008-01-10 Tohoku Univ Very low temperature micro-slush production system

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