JP2008270933A - Recording method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To edit a playlist with precision of frame unit when AV streams are recorded and the playlist is edited. <P>SOLUTION: An editing point of a recorded AV stream file is defined based upon the position of a GOP and the number of frames from the GOP, and recorded as a management file. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a recording / reproducing apparatus for recording and reproducing data on a recording medium.

As background arts in this technical field, for example, there are JP-A-2000-152180 (Patent Document 1) and JP-A-2001-101840 (Patent Document 2).

In Patent Document 1,
In response to the problem of “editing video on a single recording medium without overwriting the existing video recorded on the recording medium”, the “optical disc is an AV on which a plurality of AV data is recorded. File and an RTRW management file in which a plurality of PGC information specifying a plurality of partial sections in AV data are recorded.There are two types of PGC information: original type and user-defined type. Each cell information in the user-defined type PGC information specifies a partial section in the AV data that is selected as the editing material, and the arrangement order is the playback order temporarily determined by the video editing work. It is described that the solution means "is shown."

In Patent Document 2,
“The video in the videotape cassette can be viewed for the first time by mounting this cassette on the player and playing it back. If you just want to check if an image is in, you need to do exactly the same, so it takes a lot of time to find out which videotape cassette the video is in. " “The representative still image is generated for each unit of the moving image, and only the still image is collected and the moving image stream is recorded as management data different from the moving image stream. The data is recorded on a medium or a medium that can be accessed at a high speed corresponding to the medium, and the management data is read and displayed at a high speed. It is presented to the user quickly an overview of the entire image stream.
Is used.

JP 2000-152180 A (see abstract) JP 2001-101840 A (see abstract)

With the progress of high-efficiency encoding technology, it is possible to compress AV data such as video and audio as digital data and to record it in real time on a large-capacity recording medium such as a hard disk or a recordable optical disk. In addition, in a recording / reproducing apparatus provided with these recording media, when digital data is input from the outside in a state where the code amount is already compressed by broadcasting or communication, these digital data may be recorded on the recording medium as they are. Is possible.

In these recording / reproducing apparatuses, management information for managing digital data to be recorded is generated and recorded together on the same recording medium. When a rewritable recording medium is used, a list indicating the playback order by rewriting the management information (hereinafter referred to as a play list) is generated.
By performing the operation, the user can perform editing work on the recording / reproducing apparatus. In other words, the playlist is obtained by connecting AV data portions and indicating the reproduction order. As an example, FIG. 2 shows a management state of AV data on a recording medium in the above-described prior art. Reference numeral 201 denotes AV data itself on the recording medium, and program # 1 to program # as recording units.
3 (e.g., equivalent to one program when a recorder that records a broadcast program records one program)
Is shown. Reference numeral 202 denotes a second management hierarchy (management level 2) in the management information. Original cell information # 1 to original cell information # 3 are respectively program # 1.
This indicates the entire reproduction range of the program unit of program # 3. User-defined cell information # 1 to user-defined cell information # 2 indicate the reproduction range of the entire program or a part of the program arbitrarily designated by the user (for example, a part designated by the user of one program in the recorder). Yes, the number increases or decreases depending on the user's editing operation. Reference numeral 203 denotes a first management hierarchy (management level 1) of management information, and the program set information includes all of the original cell information # 1 to original cell information # 3, and is reproduced based on this. Thus, the user can reproduce all AV data recorded on the recording medium. Also, playlist information # 1 to playlist information #k indicate the playback order of the user-defined cell information arbitrarily designated by the user, and a plurality of playlist information can be provided. 204 indicates original information for managing the entire AV data in the management information.
The frame indicated by is user-defined information for managing playlists by user editing operations.

In FIG. 2, since the playlist information is managed at the same level as the program set information and at the management level 1, the order of the plurality of playlist information itself is uniquely determined. For example, a playlist list is displayed on the user interface. The display order could not be changed. From the viewpoint of improving usability, a recording method and apparatus that allow the user to rearrange the playlist list display order arbitrarily on the user interface is desired.

Further, in the conventional example, a point that a plurality of users generate and select favorite playlist information is not considered.

Further, in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, when playback of a program that has been played is interrupted and played back again, resume playback from the playback interrupted portion (resume point), for example, when playing a playlist, However, no consideration has been given to resume playback control depending on the playback state when playback is stopped, such as when a program is being played.

In addition, the recording medium is an optical disk, and the recording / reproduction switching speed of the medium is originally slow, and the case where the reproduction process is performed while recording is not considered as the recording format.

In addition, the program content in the recording medium is reduced in units of reduced images (hereinafter referred to as thumbnails).
In the case of navigation display that displays a list on a single screen, when displaying thumbnails, the compressed image of the actual program is expanded, reduced to the thumbnail size, placed on the navigation screen, and the process of repeating this is required. For this reason, no consideration has been given to displaying navigation at high speed.

Further, in Patent Document 2, a plurality of thumbnails for each program content are recorded by one file even when there are a plurality of program contents in the recording medium (FIGS. 4 and 7 of Patent Document 2). Etc.). Specifically, in FIG. 4 of Patent Document 2, a plurality of thumbnails 1 to 3 are recorded as one file ThumbNail.dat 70040. In this case, for example, in order to delete one of a plurality of thumbnails, ThumbNail.dat70040 is opened once, unnecessary thumbnails are deleted, and ThumbNail.dat7004 is deleted.
0 must be saved. In this way, when there is an edit that deletes a part of ThumbNail.dat 70040, other thumbnails are rearranged so as to fill in the free space created by the deleted thumbnail, and each program content is also re- Be placed. That is, information such as other thumbnails and program contents is moved on the recording medium by the capacity of the deleted thumbnail. The rearrangement of information accompanying such thumbnail deletion increases the processing time as the capacity of the recording medium increases. In particular, it is considered that the increase in processing time becomes remarkable in a portable HDD whose capacity is increased from the current DVD (4.7 GB).

Also, in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, a recording start point when a user arbitrarily designates a playback position of a recorded video / audio stream, a joint point of editing such as a connection point to another scene (hereinafter referred to as an edit point). As a method of recording in the management file, a method of recording a presentation time stamp (PTS, MPEG (Moving Picture Expert Group) standard) as editing point data has been adopted. However, in this recording method, the number of GOPs corresponding to the editing point PTS at the time of reproduction is calculated, and further, how many frames of that GOP (hereinafter, the frame refers to the frame of the video signal) corresponds to the eye. Therefore, it is necessary to control the stream supplied to the MPEG decoder and the display switching timing. In actual control, it is preferable from the viewpoint of control at the time of reproduction to manage which GOP (Group Of Picture, MPEG standard) frame number of the recorded video / audio stream.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and aims to improve the usability of a recording / reproducing apparatus.

An outline of one aspect of the present invention is as follows.
To achieve the above object, a management unit for managing all registered playlist information and an upper management layer are added, and the management unit is handled in the same row as the integrated information indicating the reproduction range of all AV data. Constitute. The added management hierarchy is configured to handle user-defined integrated information, and the integrated information is configured to register an arbitrary reproduction range included in the lower hierarchy.
Also, in order to suspend playback of the program that was played back and start playback from the playback stop point again, the playback stop point is used as management information on the medium, the resume point during playlist playback, the resume point during program playback, By holding the resume point according to the operation state of the playback device independently, the resume playback control can be performed according to the playback state when playback is stopped.
In addition, the recording / playback unit is configured so that a predetermined amount of the unit for recording or playing back the program stream is secured so that the recording medium can be played back while being recorded using a high-speed hard disk drive. To do.
Further, in order to speed up navigation display, a navigation display thumbnail generated in advance is recorded on a recording medium in association with a program.
In addition, as the management information of the editing point, what number GOP of the recorded video / audio stream
The number of frames (frame number) of (GOP number) is recorded.

  Details of the claimed invention are as set forth in the appended claims.

According to the recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention, usability is improved. For example, the following usability improvement effects can be achieved.
Since the user can select and manage an arbitrary playlist or playback range, even when a single recording medium is shared by a plurality of users, the playback content of each user can be managed. And the usability is improved, and the playlist is integrated and managed, so that the user can arbitrarily change the display order of the playlist.
In addition, the user can play a playlist or program, regardless of the playback status.
Playback is possible from the resume point of program playback and playlist playback.
Further, when the user performs a desired navigation display, the player can display a list of thumbnails at high speed.
Also, based on the GOP number and frame number recorded as the edit point, the corresponding GOP part is supplied to the decoder, and it is possible to control which frame of the edit point is used for playback display. Reproduction control can be facilitated.

Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will become apparent from the following description of embodiments.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a management state of AV data on a recording medium in the recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present embodiment. Similar to 201 in FIG. 2, 101 is AV data itself on the recording medium, and shows a case where program # 1 to program # 3 exist as recording units.

Reference numeral 102 corresponds to 202 in FIG. 2, and shows a third management hierarchy (management level 3) in the management information. Program information # 1 to program information # 3 indicate all reproduction ranges in program units of program # 1 to program # 3, respectively (
Hereinafter, the program information paired with these program entities is referred to as “original program information”. In FIG. 1, it is shown as “OPGR # 1”. ). Program information # 2a to program information # 3a indicate the entire or a part of the reproduction range of the program arbitrarily designated by the user (hereinafter referred to as “user-defined program information”. In FIG. "# 2a"). Here, a part of program # 2 and a part of program # 3 are shown. The portions corresponding to the program information # 1 to the program information # 3 increase or decrease as the AV data is added or deleted, that is, the program increases or decreases. Further, the number of pieces of information corresponding to the program information # 2a and the program information # 3a is increased or decreased by a user editing operation.

103 corresponds to the management level 1 in FIG. 2, but here, the second management hierarchy (
Management level 2), which includes only playlist information # 1 to playlist information #n. Each piece of playlist information indicates a reproduction order of arbitrary program information in the management level 3, and a plurality of pieces of playlist information can be held.

As a characteristic point of this embodiment, reference numeral 104 denotes a first management hierarchy (management level 1) of newly added management information, which includes a plurality of pieces of integrated information. The original integrated information is integrated information storing system resume information and the like, and details will be described later. User-defined integrated information # 1 to user-defined integrated information #m include any one or more of playlist information at management level 2 and program information at management level 3. For example, when a plurality of users use a single recording medium, by using one piece of user-defined integrated information for each user, it is possible to manage the playback content that matches each user's preference.

Next, an embodiment of the recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to another drawing.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present embodiment. The recording / reproducing is such that a digital broadcast is received and recorded on a recording medium, and the recorded data is reproduced to obtain a reproduction output. The device is shown. 300 is a recording / reproducing apparatus, 301 is an input terminal for receiving a received wave from an antenna, 3011 is an input terminal for inputting compressed video / audio data from another device, and 3012 is an input terminal for inputting an analog video signal. Analog video input terminal, 3
013 is an analog audio input terminal for inputting an analog audio signal, 333 and 334 are analog / digital (A / D) conversion circuits for converting the analog signal into a digital signal, 30
2 is a demodulation circuit, 330 is a separation circuit that separates the demodulated digital signal into audio, video, and other data, 335 is a compression circuit that compresses the digitized video and audio signals, 303 is a recording system signal processing circuit, 331 Is an encryption circuit for encrypting data to be recorded, 304 is a recording / reproducing system including a drive function of the recording medium, 305 is a recording medium, 332 is a non-encrypted data recorded and encrypted on the recording medium 306 is a reproduction system signal processing circuit, 307 is a switching circuit, 308 is a separation circuit, 309 is a video decoding circuit, 310 is a digital / analog (D / A) conversion circuit, and 311 is a video output terminal. , 312 are speech decoding circuits, 313
Is a D / A conversion circuit, 314 is an audio output terminal, 315 is a TV set, 316 is a user I / F
Reference numeral 317 denotes a control unit, 318 denotes a system bus, 319 denotes an OSD generation unit, and 320 denotes an addition circuit.

At the time of recording, a signal transmitted from a broadcasting station by digital broadcasting or the like and received by the recording / reproducing apparatus is demodulated by a demodulation circuit 302 by a predetermined method, and then recorded by a recording system signal processing circuit 303 for timing adjustment. Necessary signal processing such as data addition and modulation is performed, the data is encrypted by the encryption circuit 331, and then recorded on the recording medium 305 by the recording / reproducing system 304. The digital signal input from the digital input terminal 3011 is subjected to necessary signal processing such as timing adjustment data addition and modulation in the recording system signal processing circuit 303, and is encrypted in the encryption circuit 331. The recording medium 305 is recorded by the recording / reproducing system 304.
Is recorded. The analog video signal input from the analog video input terminal 3012 and the analog audio signal input from the analog audio input terminal 3013 are compressed by the compression circuit 335 and encrypted via the recording system signal processing circuit 303. After being encrypted by the circuit 331, it is recorded on the recording medium 305 by the recording / reproducing system 304.

At the time of reproduction, the encrypted digital data read from the recording medium 305 via the recording / reproducing system 304 in accordance with a user instruction is unencrypted by the non-encryption circuit 332,
The reproduction system signal processing circuit 103 performs signal processing necessary for reproduction such as demodulation in a format in accordance with a predetermined modulation method, and sends the signal processing to the separation circuit 308 via the switching circuit 307. The video decoding circuit 309 performs predetermined video decoding processing, the digital data is converted into an analog signal in the D / A conversion circuit 310, and then the TV set 31 is connected via the video output terminal 311.
5 is displayed on the monitor output. The audio decoding circuit 312 performs a predetermined audio decoding process, the D / A conversion circuit 313 converts digital data into an analog signal, and then the audio output mechanism of the TV set 315 via the audio output terminal 314. Is output by.

The control unit 317 controls each unit of the recording / reproducing device 300 via the system bus 318, and performs the operation based on the user's instruction input input via the user I / F 316. To control. Note that an instruction input request to the user or an OSD display to the necessary user is prepared by the OSD generation unit 319, and the addition circuit 320 adds the output of the video decoding circuit 309 at an appropriate level, and finally the TVD. This is realized by outputting to the monitor screen of the set 315.

Next, as a specific use example of the management information configuration in FIG. 1, a case will be described in which each piece of integrated information at management level 1 is used for menu display of recorded data.

FIG. 4 is an example in which menu display is performed using the original integrated information in FIG. 3
15 is a TV set in FIG. 3, 401 is a tag for displaying all programs, 402 is a thumbnail indicating program information # 1, 403 is a thumbnail indicating program information # 2, 4
04 is a thumbnail indicating program information # 3. The user can reproduce an arbitrary program or all programs by moving the cursor position on the screen to a desired thumbnail by using a remote controller or the like and selecting and determining it.
Next, FIG. 5 is an example in which menu display is performed using one of several pieces of user-defined integrated information in FIG. 1 as a playlist. 501 is a tag for displaying all playlists, 502 is a thumbnail indicating playlist information # 1, and 503 is a thumbnail indicating playlist information # 2. As in the case described above, the user can play back an arbitrary playlist or all playlists by moving the cursor position on the screen to a desired thumbnail using the remote controller or the like and selecting and determining it. The above-mentioned all program display tag 40
The display switching from 1 to the all playlist display tag 501 can be realized by the user moving the cursor at the character position of the tag, for example.
Next, FIG. 6 is an example in which menu display is performed using the user-defined integrated information # 1 in FIG. Reference numeral 601 denotes a menu display tag for user # 1 (here, “Mama”), and 402 and 502 are program information # 1 and playlist information #, as can be seen from FIG.
This is a thumbnail indicating 1. "Mama" is a mom menu display tag 60
It is possible to register and delete data to be freely reproduced with 1 as a folder dedicated to the user.

Similarly, FIG. 7 is an example in which menu display is performed using the user-defined integrated information # 2 in FIG. Reference numeral 701 denotes a menu display tag for user # 2 (here, “papa”), and 503 and 502 are thumbnails indicating playlist information # 2 and playlist information # 1, as can be seen from FIG. ing. In this case, “Dad” has selected two playlists, but the playback order can be changed. Similarly to “Mama” described above, “Daddy” can register and delete data to be freely reproduced by using the Daddy menu display tag 701 as his own folder.

As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, a management unit and an upper management layer for managing all registered playlist information are added, and the same information as the integrated information indicating the reproduction range of all AV data is handled. The configuration is as follows. Further, the added management hierarchy is configured to handle integrated information defined by the user, and an arbitrary reproduction range included in the lower hierarchy can be registered in the integrated information defined by the user. Thereby, the user can select and manage an arbitrary playlist or reproduction range.

In this way, even when a plurality of users share a single recording medium, favorite reproduction content can be managed for each user, and usability is improved.

In the above embodiment, the case where the digital broadcast is received and the digital data is recorded as described above is described. However, this is not limited to this, and the network I / F is provided to acquire AV data from an external network. An encoding unit may be provided, and the analog data may be recorded on the recording medium while being encoded. That is, this embodiment refers to data management on a recording medium, and the input path is not particularly limited.

FIG. 8 shows an example of what file structure is actually recorded on the recording medium 305 (FIG. 3) for the program, program information, playlist information, original integrated information, and user-defined integrated information described above. Indicates. This recording medium is a medium for performing digital recording and reproduction, and each file on the medium is managed by a file system similar to that used for managing a recording medium such as a so-called personal computer. In the figure, a ROOT 800 indicates the highest level of a file directory, and a TVR 801 is a directory below that, and shows each file structure that realizes the management structure shown in FIG. 1 according to the present invention.
TVREC. MGR802, PGRG. MGR803, PGRG_INF. TBL804
, PGR. MGR805, PGR_INF. TBL806, UPGR. MGR807, U
PGR_INF. TBL808, UDFF. MGR809, UDFF_INF. TBL8
10, etc., and an AV stream PROG000 in which video and audio are multiplexed.
1. AVS820,... PROGxxxx. AVS (xxx of AV stream file
The x part is numbered, for example, the number is sequentially increased every time an AV stream is recorded) 821 is recorded under the TVR 801. Reference numeral 830 denotes a directory under the TVR 801, which is a directory named TND for storing thumbnail-related files used for a navigation list recorded on a recording medium. 831 is a file name TND. MGR thumbnail file 832, 833,..., 834
This is a thumbnail management file for integrated management. As shown in 834, the file name of the thumbnail entity file is TNxxxyy. zzz, xxx corresponds to xxx of the program file 821 related to the thumbnail, yy is assigned the number in the order registered as the thumbnail, and zzz is, for example, an uncompressed bitmap in which the data type of the thumbnail is If so, it is set as bmp. In the present embodiment, thumbnail files corresponding to the program files are recorded separately, such as 832 to 834, respectively. As described above, by separately recording a plurality of thumbnail files as 832 to 834 without consolidating them into one file, the processing when adding / deleting thumbnail files becomes easy. In particular, in a large-capacity recording medium such as a portable hard disk, it is possible to shorten the processing time when a thumbnail file is deleted / added.

AV stream files 820 (PROG0001.AVS) and 821 (PRO) in FIG.
Gxxx. AVS) is recorded in the configuration shown in FIG.

In FIG. 14, reference numeral 1401 denotes an AV stream file, and the minimum unit for recording an AV stream received by broadcasting is ALU. Further, when the AV stream is encrypted, the ALU is also a minimum unit of encryption. The RP1402 is a unit of a recording packet, and includes a transport time stamp (188 bytes) of MPEG (Moving Picture Expert Group) standard, a time stamp at the time of reception (counted at 27 MHz, and a count value of 4 bytes at the time of reception) as a header. In this embodiment, the 192-byte RP packets 1402 are combined into 8192 packets to form 1 ALU. The AV stream file 1401 includes ALU # 1 to AL
In addition to the AV stream sequentially recorded with U # v (each 8192RP), ALU information 1403
The total number of ALUs of the recorded AV stream, the first ALU number, and the R of the first ALU
Record the P number and the RP number of the last ALU of the AV stream. ALU information 1403
This corresponds to AllocUnitInfo 823 in FIG. This is for recording the number of RPs of the first ALU and the last ALU of the AV stream which may not be 8192 (details will be described later).

These AV stream files 820 and 821 are, for example, UDF (universal).
rsal Disc Format), which has a stream directory 822 structure in the lower layer of the file structure, and is further called an AllocUni called a named stream
tInfo823, ProgramInfo824, AccessUnitInfo82
Have a file called 5.

FIG. 9 shows TVREC. 8 shows a management table configuration of MGR 802 (FIG. 8).
As the original integrated information 901, system resume information 902 and a program integrated information name 903 are recorded.

As system resume information, user-defined integrated information (U
DFF) number, playlist information (PGRG) number in the lower layer, original program information (OPGR) or user-defined program information (UPGR) in the lower layer
) Number (PGR), the ALU number corresponding to the GOP at the time of stop, which is the minimum unit when recording an AV stream, which will be described later, and the RP number of the recording packet of the corresponding GOP in the ALU Record GOP frame numbers as a table. In this way, it is possible to control the resume reproduction start of the system with accuracy in units of frames. For determining whether the PGR number is OPGR or UPGR, for example, PGR number (hexadecimal number) = 0000
Up to 7FFF is OPGR. If PGR number (hexadecimal) = 8000 to FFFF, UPGR
To distinguish. Reference numeral 903 denotes a field for recording a name (PGSET name) given to the program integration information. For example, character string information having a name given by the user is recorded in a content group recorded on the recording medium. By doing so, it is possible to determine who is using the recording medium, and it is possible to record the name related to the content group, so that there is an advantage that the recorded contents can be easily grasped. FIG. 10 shows the contents of a playlist management information (PGRG) file 1001 and a playlist management table file 1010 for managing playlists. The playlist management information (PGRG) file is PGRG. The playlist management table file 1010 is stored in the PGRG of FIG.
_INF. Corresponds to TBL804. PGRG. The MGR 1001 indicates the number of playlists registered by the user by editing (in the case of n in FIG. 10), and the contents of playlist # 1, playlist # 2,... Playlist # n-1, playlist #n below. Is recorded in the playlist management table file PGRG_INF. Information on the position of the TBL (for example, information on the number of bytes from the beginning of the playlist management table file PGRG_INF.TBL1010) is recorded.

In the playlist management table file 1010, each playlist # 1, ..., # n-1,
The following information of each of #n is recorded as a table. Playlist management table 10 in FIG.
The configuration of playlist # n-1 is shown as 10 detailed examples. As the information of playlist # n-1, the creation time 1011 (the time when the user created the playlist # n-1 by operating the device), name 1012, thumbnail information 1013, resume information 1017, and Subsequently, the original program information (OPGR registered in the playlist # n-1
) Or the number 1018 of program information indicating user-defined program information (UPGR),
Registered number list program information (PGR information. The distinction between OPGR and UPGR is as described above. PGR number (hexadecimal) = 7FFF or less is OPGR, 8000 or more is UP
GR) number is recorded.

Since the playlist creation time 1011 is recorded as management information, the playlist list can be displayed in the order of creation time during playback.

The thumbnail information 1013 in FIG. 10 includes format information (whether content protection is necessary or not required, whether a thumbnail to be displayed needs to be created based on the reference position of the recorded AV stream image, or is registered in an external file. (Refer to the thumbnail data that is present, etc.) 10
14, position information 1015 displayed as thumbnails in the AV stream, and thumbnail data position information 1016 of the external file. The thumbnail position information 1015 includes program information (PGR) numbers to be displayed as thumbnails and an A corresponding to the PGR number.
It consists of the ALU number corresponding to the GOP position of the thumbnail displayed by the V stream, the RP number in the ALU number corresponding to the GOP, and the frame number displayed as the thumbnail of the GOP.

The resume information 1017 includes the program (PGR) number (OPGR if the PGR number is 7FFF or less, UPGR if it is 8000 or more) and the playback at the PGR number when the playback of the playlist # n-1 is stopped. ALU number, RP number, and frame number at the time of stopping in the GOP are recorded. By doing so, in addition to the system resume information 902 shown in FIG. 9, the resume information 10 for each original program information or user-defined playlist can be resumed.
As shown in FIG. 17, the resume information can be individually recorded and managed. Therefore, as a resume playback function during playback, for example, playback control at the resume point for each original program,
Depending on the previous playback stop state, it is possible to provide a function for resume playback control including the number of user-defined integrated information (UDFF) at which playback stopped, and to control playback start in frame units. Can be done.

FIG. 11 shows the contents of an original program management information (OPGR) file 1101 and an original program management table file 1110. By including all of the original program information on the recording medium and reproducing based on the original program information, the user can reproduce all AV data recorded on the recording medium. The original program management information (OPGR) file 1101 is stored in the PGR. In MGR 805, the original program management table file 1110 is stored in PGR_INF. Corresponds to TBL806. The original program management information file 1101 includes the number of original programs recorded in the recording medium (in the case of p in FIG. 11), the following original program information # 1, original program information # 2,... Original program information #n. −1, information on the position in the original program management table file 1110 in which the contents of the original program information #n are recorded (for example, information on the number of bytes from the beginning of the original program information management table file PGR_INF.TBL1110). The

As a detailed example of the original program management table 1110 in FIG. 11, a table portion of the playlist # p-1 is shown. As information of the playlist # p-1, the program information flag 1111 including the original program information of # p-1 is valid or invalid, copy control information (hereinafter referred to as CCI), and the creation time 1112 ( Time when the user recorded the original program information # p-1 by recording the device), name 1113, thumbnail file number (xxxx of PROGxxxx.AVS821 described in FIG. 8) 1114, thumbnail information 1115, resume Program information # indicating information 1119, index number 1120, format for each index number, and index location
ALU number and RP number corresponding to the GOP of the AV stream corresponding to p-1, and the GOP
The frame number designated as the index inside is arranged. The index is designated position information when the user edits a program corresponding to the original program information # p-1 and designates marking point designation. For example, if the index is designated by editing, the original program information is designated. An operation such as quickly skipping a program corresponding to # p-1 to a position specified by an index at the time of reproduction can be performed. The thumbnail format 1116, thumbnail location 1117, and thumbnail external file location 1118 of each component of the thumbnail information 1115 are the same as the thumbnail format 1014, thumbnail location 1015, and thumbnail external file location 1016 in the playlist management table 1010 of FIG. This is the data structure. Also, the constituent elements of the resume information 1119 are the same as those of the resume information 1017 shown in FIG.

Also, in the first ACU offset number 1130 in FIG. 11, the difference value from the first GOP position of the recorded AV stream of the original program to the GOP corresponding to the first playback position is recorded, and the first frame number 1131 is recorded. The frame number to be reproduced of the GOP is recorded. The definition of the ACU entry number will be described later. Also, the terminal ACU offset number 1132 records the difference value of the ACU entry number corresponding to the terminal GOP to be reproduced from the terminal GOP of the AV stream of the recorded original program, and the terminal frame number 1133 displays the reproduction value. The frame number to be played back is recorded in the terminal GOP to be played. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the reproduction of unnecessary portions before and after the recorded stream. Also, the size of the difference value from the beginning of the actual recorded AV stream of the original program to the start of playback is defined, and the difference value of the playback end from the end of the actual recorded AV stream of the original program is also set. By defining, it is possible to narrow the time gap between the AV stream of the actually recorded original program and the AV stream of the original program to be reproduced within a specified amount. Therefore, for example, when the data in the reproduction range is broken for some reason, there is a possibility that the reproduction cannot be performed at all in the worst case. However, the start ACU offset number 1130 and the end ACU offset number 1132 may be the absolute values (not the difference values) of the ACU entry numbers that specify the reproduction range.

FIG. 12 shows the contents of a user-defined program management information (UPGR) file 1201 and a user-defined program management table file 1210. The user-defined program management information (UPGR) file 1101 is stored in the UPGR. In the MGR 807, the user-defined program management table file 1210 contains the UPGR_INF. Corresponds to TBL808. The user-defined program management information file 1201 includes the number of user-defined programs registered by the user by editing (in the case of r in FIG. 12), and user-defined program information #
1. User-defined program information # 2... User-defined program management table file 1210 in which the contents of user-defined program information # r-1 and user-defined program information #r are recorded.
(Eg, user-defined program management table file (UPGR_INF.T
BL) Information such as the number of bytes from the head of 1210) is recorded.

As a detailed example of the user-defined program management table 1210 in FIG.
The table part of r-1 is shown. As the information of the user-defined program # r-1, the file number of the program related to the user-defined information (PROGxxxx.xxxx of AVS821 described in FIG. 8) 1211, the file number A specified as the user-defined program information
Playback start position of V stream (first GOP specified for playback in AV stream as information
ALU number, RP number, and frame number 122 to start playback in the GOP
0) 1212 and playback end position 1213 (ALU number and RP number corresponding to the end GOP specified for playback in the AV stream as information, and frame number 1221 at which playback ends in the GOP), and the number of indexes 1214 The ALU number of the AV stream corresponding to the format for each index number and the user-defined program information # r-1 indicating the location of the index and the RP number of the index designation position in the ALU are arranged. Similar to the original program information of FIG. 11, the index is designated position information when the user edits a program corresponding to the user-defined program information # r-1 and designates marking point designation. Is specified, it is possible to quickly skip the program corresponding to the original program information # p-1 to the position specified by the index during reproduction.

FIG. 13 shows the contents of a user definition integrated management information (UDFF) file 1301 and a user definition integrated management table file 1310. User-defined integrated management information (UDFF)
The file 1301 is the UDFF. In the MGR 809, the user-defined integrated management table file 1310 is stored in the UDFF_INF. Corresponds to TBL810. The user-defined integrated management information file 1301 includes the number of user-defined integrated information registered by editing by the user (in the case of t in FIG. 13), the user-defined integrated information # 1, the user-defined integrated information # 2,. Information on the location in the user-defined integrated information table file 1310 in which the contents of the definition integrated information # t-1 and the user-defined integrated information #t are recorded (for example, the user-defined integrated management table file UDFF_
INF. Information such as the number of bytes from the beginning of the TBL 1310 is recorded.

As a detailed example of the user-defined integrated management table 1310 in FIG. 13, a table portion of user-defined integrated information # t-1 is shown. As the information of the user-defined integrated information # t-1, the creation time 1311 for creating the user-defined integrated information, the name 1312 of the user-defined integrated information, the thumbnail information 1313 representing the user-defined integrated information, the user-defined information It is composed of the number 1317 of original program numbers or playlist numbers constituting the integration, followed by a list of original program numbers or playlist numbers constituting the user-defined integration information.

Thumbnail format 1314 and thumbnail position 13 of each component of the thumbnail information 1313
15, the thumbnail external file position 1316 is the playlist management table 101 of FIG.
The data structure is the same as the thumbnail format 1014, the thumbnail position 1015, and the thumbnail external file position 1016 in 0.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the correlation between the thumbnail management data structure and the external thumbnail file. In the figure, the thumbnail management data 1601 includes a thumbnail format, a thumbnail position, and a thumbnail external file position, and is the same as the thumbnail information 1013 in FIG. 10, the thumbnail information 1115 in FIG. 11, and the thumbnail information 1313 in FIG. The thumbnail position is composed of the program file 1602 program information (PGR) number, the ALU number corresponding to the position of the AV stream displayed as the thumbnail, and the RP number in the ALU corresponding to the ALU number. Consists of a program file number xxx and a thumbnail file number yy.

FIG. 17 shows the structure of the total thumbnail management information file 1701. The TND. Corresponds to MGR831. As information for integrating the thumbnails, the number of registered thumbnails (in the case of i in this figure) 1702, thumbnail pointers 1703 to 1704 having information such as pointer values of places where the number of registered thumbnails is stored thereafter. ,
This is followed by thumbnail information 1705 to 1706. Each thumbnail information 17
Reference numerals 05 to 1706 include information on a program file number, thumbnail file number, thumbnail related information (vertical and horizontal pixel size of the thumbnail, compression method, etc.), and thumbnail protection information (whether the thumbnail can be encrypted). If the thumbnail information is collected in one place in this way, the information of all thumbnails can be grasped only by referring to the entire thumbnail management information file 1701, so that the playback device according to the present invention can provide a list of thumbnail information, etc. There is an advantage that the operation can be speeded up when acquiring.

FIG. 15 illustrates how a program file containing an AV stream is managed when a user divides one program in an editing operation (for example, when a recorded program is divided into two). It is the schematic diagram which showed. As shown in the figure, any PROGxxxx. AV streams of AVS files are arranged in ALU units.
For this reason, it is simple to divide by ALU unit. However, if the ALU unit is compared with the playback time of the recorded AV stream, it becomes a unit of several tens of seconds, and the division accuracy becomes very coarse. For this reason, division points can be made in units of RP. In this case, as shown in FIG. 15, the division is performed at the ALU number #f. And ALU # 1 ~ 1 of the divided file
An AV stream of ALU # f is newly added to PROGxxxx. AVS, ALU # f ~ AL
The U # h AV stream is set to PROGxxxx + 1. Record as AVS (add 1 to file number xxx). In this case, PROGxxxx. Since the end of the AVS stream portion does not have a predetermined ALU value of 8192RP (described in FIG. 14), FIG.
The “number of ALUs in program” parameter of the ALU management information 1403 of the current ALU is changed, and at the same time, the “number of RPs of the last ALU” is changed to the number of RPs after the division, that is, the number of RPs before the division point of ALU # f And file PROGxxxx. Update AVS. In addition, the AV stream after the division is referred to as PROGxxxx + 1. Also for AVS (FIG. 15), AL in FIG.
At the same time as changing the “number of program ALUs” which is a parameter of the U management information 1403,
The “number of RPs of the first ALU” is changed to the number of RPs after division, that is, the number of RPs after the division point of ALU # f, and recorded. In this way, the accuracy of the dividing point is improved. At least, when the division point is an MPEG compressed AV stream, GOP (Group Of Pi
(cture) can be divided with an accuracy of a unit.

FIG. 18 shows program information 1801, which is named stream Pro in FIG.
The contents of gramInfo 824 are shown. In the figure, as program general information 1802 of the original program of the recorded AV stream, program identification information 1803 indicating that the recording was performed in the recording format of this embodiment, and as the type of AV stream of the recorded original program, for example, digital Stream format information 1804 that is identification information such as broadcast (Japan, Europe, North America, etc.) or AV stream that is self-encoded by a recorder, and a stream that includes recording start time and end time, program name, genre, etc. This is format detailed information 1805.

FIG. 19 shows the details of the ACU information 1900, and the ACU information 1900 shows the contents of the named stream AccessUnitInfo 825 of FIG.
The ACU is the ALU number and RP number (FIG. 1) of the portion where the GOP of the AV stream is located.
4), and the number of RPs corresponding to the length of the I picture in the MPEG standard in the GOP as information. In the figure, ACU general information 1901 has the number of ACU group entries as the number of ACU groups. In this embodiment, a table is configured so that ACU entries of a plurality of groups including extensions to others can be managed.
One ACU group is sufficient for one AV stream. Subsequent to this, position information (for example, the content of ACU group entry # 1 is recorded in the first byte of the ACU information 1900) 1902 where the content of ACU group entry # 1 is arranged is followed by ACU.
Position 1903 of contents of group entry # 2, ACU group entry # z-1
The content position 1904 and the content position 1905 of the ACU group entry #z are recorded.
Further, general information 1906 of ACU group entry # 1 (total number of ACUs recorded in ACU group entry # 1 (number of ACU entries), and ACU group entry # 1)
Information 1907 of ACU entry # 1,
..., information 1908 of ACU entry #n, general information of ACU group entry # 2, and so on are recorded. ACU entry # 1 information 1907..., ACU entry #n information 1908 is a sequence header (MPEG standard) as a GOP configuration.
Presence / absence of GOP header, and the type of picture that constitutes this ACU (I MPEG standard)
Picture / P picture (in this embodiment, only I picture is assumed) as an ACU format, ACU time stamp, ACU start position, ACU
The ALU size includes an ALU number having a GOP corresponding to the entry number, an RP number in the ALU, and the number of I picture packets.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing how to specify a frame position that is an editing point of a recorded AV stream. In the figure, reference numeral 2001 denotes a video elementary stream (MPEG standard, hereinafter referred to as Video ES) in a recorded AV stream. Reference numeral 2002 denotes a display order when these compressed streams are decompressed and displayed. Each compressed video frame of I2, B0, B1, P5, B3, B4... In 2001 is decompressed, and B0, B1, I2, B3, B4, P5. Are displayed in the order of the numbers.
GOP (Group of Pictures, MPEG standard) 1 and GOP2 in the figure are grouped into one group by adding VideoES and a GOP header for a predetermined number (n) of these I, B, and P pictures. Is. Each alphabet of I2, B0, B1, P5, B3, B4... Represents an image compression format of each video frame. In the MPEG standard, there are encoding formats called I picture, P picture, and B picture as compressed image formats. An I picture is obtained by compressing one video frame according to a predetermined compression rule. The B picture is compressed according to a predetermined compression rule based on the difference information from the I picture, and the B picture is compressed according to the predetermined compression rule based on the difference information between the I picture and the P picture. is there. Therefore, an I picture can be expanded and displayed if it exists, but a P picture cannot be expanded and displayed unless the I picture that is the source of the difference is reproduced, and a B picture is the I that is the source of the difference. If the picture and P picture are not expanded, they cannot be expanded and displayed. If it is desired to expand and display B0 or B1 of GOP2 next to GOP1 in the shaded portion, it is expanded from I2 in GOP1 in the shaded portion, and at least P5 and P up to immediately before the next GOP2 in the shaded portion thereafter. It must be stretched to the picture. In the figure, the RP packet position including the GOP header of the shaded GOP is specified as the edit point, and when the nth frame from the top of this GOP is specified as the edit point, the first I picture (I2) in the GOP , The frame number at this time is set to 0, and in the following display order, the frame number is set to B3, B4 is set to 2,..., And B0 is set up to the frame before the first I picture of the next GOP. n-1 and B1 are designated as n. When a position other than the RP packet position including the GOP header is designated, it indicates the GOP having the head first after that. When the GOP header is not added to the head of the GOP, the head of the data constituting the GOP is set as the head of the GOP. For example, when the designated frame number is n and when GOP2 is played back and displayed, the VideoES including I2 of GOP1 is first read from the recording medium and expanded, and at least P5 in GOP1 or the like in order. Thereafter, it is easy to perform reproduction control such as expanding to a P picture immediately before GOP2, and then expanding B2 of GOP2 following B0 of GOP2.

The figure which shows the management state of AV data with the recording / reproducing apparatus by this invention. The figure which shows the management state of AV data by a prior art example. The block diagram of the recording / reproducing apparatus by this invention. Display output example of original integrated information. An example of display output as a list of playlists of user-defined integrated information. A first display output example of user-defined integrated information. A second display output example of user-defined integrated information. The figure which showed an example of file structures, such as each original integration information, playlist integration information, user definition integration information, playlist information, program information, AV data (program). An example of the management table structure of each original integrated information. An example of the configuration of playlist management information and the configuration of a management table. An example of the configuration and management table of the original program management information. An example of user-defined program information configuration and management table. An example of the configuration and management table of user-defined integrated management information. A packet structure of an AV stream file. This shows the processing when dividing an AV stream file. An illustration of thumbnail management information. This shows the management information configuration and management table with integrated thumbnails. 9 shows the contents of the named stream ProgramInfo 824 in FIG. Details of the ACU information 1900 are shown. This shows how to specify the frame position that is the editing point of the recorded AV stream.

Explanation of symbols

101, 201 ... program (AV stream)
102: Third layer 103, 202 in the management information 103, 202 ... Second layer 104, 203 in the management information ... First layer in the management information 303 ... Recording system signal processing 304 ... Recording / reproduction system 305 ... Recording medium 306 ... Playback system signal processing 315 ... TV set 316 ... User I / F
317 ... Control section 318 ... System bus 319 ... OSD generation section 401 ... All program display tag 501 ... All playlist display tag 601 ... User # 1 menu display tag 701 ... User # 2 menu display tag

Claims (6)

A video / audio stream recording method for recording a video / audio stream in a packet format and management information for managing the video / audio stream,
The management information records at least first position information indicating a position of a packet corresponding to an edit point and second position information indicating a frame position of the edit point as an edit point of the video / audio stream,
The first position information indicates a packet indicated by position information on the stream or a GOP in which the head is located thereafter,
The second position information is based on the first I picture in the GOP indicated by the first position information as a base point, and the sequential number of display frames is given up to the picture before the first I picture of the next GOP. A video / audio stream recording method, characterized in that the information is allocated information. The video / audio stream recording method according to claim 1, wherein the editing points are a start point and an end point of a playlist. The video / audio stream recording method according to claim 1, wherein the editing point is a thumbnail display position. The video / audio stream recording method according to claim 1, wherein the editing point is an index designated by a user. A video / audio stream recording method for recording a video / audio stream and management information for managing the video / audio stream,
The video / audio stream recording method, wherein the management information records position information of a GOP corresponding to a resume point and a frame number in the GOP as a resume point of the video / audio stream. A video / audio stream recording method for recording a video / audio stream and management information for managing the video / audio stream,
The video / audio stream has a plurality of GOPs;
The GOP has a plurality of frames,
The management information includes GOP position information and the GOP as editing points of the video / audio stream.
A video / audio stream recording method, wherein a frame number in an OP is recorded.

Images