JP2008263786A

JP2008263786A - Livestock feeder

Info

Publication number: JP2008263786A
Application number: JP2007106771A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Kazumi Fujii; 一己藤井
Original assignee: Fujii Shokai Co Ltd
Current assignee: Fujii Shokai Co Ltd
Priority date: 2007-04-16
Filing date: 2007-04-16
Publication date: 2008-11-06

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To completely prevent occurrence of bridge in a hopper and to accurately and finely adjust a feed amount of feed sent to a bottom plate regardless of the state of feed, such as, nonuniformity of large and small particles and the quality of slipperiness. <P>SOLUTION: A bridge preventing means 14 is equipped with a bridge board 30 of a main body that has a reverse truncated cone shape in conformity to the inside wall face 21a of a feed guide part 21 and hangs a suspending rod 12 passing through the center; an upper first adjustment ring 35 that arranges a plurality of cuts 31, at intervals in the peripheral direction on the outer peripheral edge and is wound in a flange shape on the outer periphery of the bridge board; a second adjustment ring 40 that arranges a plurality of cuts 32, at intervals shifted from the cut positions of the first arrangement ring in the peripheral direction on the outer peripheral edge and is wound below the first adjustment ring on the outer periphery of the bridge board, in which the outer peripheral edges of the upper and lower adjustment rings are made to approach the inside wall face of the feed guide part, respectively; and a small gap D adjusted to the particle diameters of the granular feed is opened between the inside wall faces and the bridge board is arranged in the feed guide part. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、仔豚等の家畜に飼料を与えるのに好適な家畜用給餌器に関する。 The present invention relates to a livestock feeder suitable for feeding a domestic animal such as a piglet.

従来、この種の家畜用給餌器は、大型の樹脂製ホッパにおいて、飼料が投入される円筒部の下側に、漸次下向きに縮径した上下逆円錐型の飼料ガイド部を設け、飼料供給時は、円筒部内に投入した飼料を、飼料ガイド部を通して底皿へ落下させて送給している。ところが、ホッパの下側を飼料ガイド部で漸次下向きに幅狭に形成するので、そのように重力で飼料を落下させるものにあっては、飼料ガイド部で飼料が詰まってブリッジ状になり易く、ホッパ下端の餌排出口から飼料が排出されない虞があった。 Conventionally, this type of livestock feeder is provided with an upside-down inverted cone-shaped feed guide section that gradually decreases in diameter on the lower side of a cylindrical section into which feed is fed in a large resin hopper, Feeds the feed fed into the cylindrical part by dropping it into the bottom dish through the feed guide part. However, since the lower side of the hopper is gradually narrowed downward in the feed guide part, in such a case where the feed is dropped by gravity, the feed is easily clogged with the feed guide part and becomes a bridge shape, There was a risk that feed would not be discharged from the feed outlet at the bottom of the hopper.

そこで、従来の家畜用給餌器では、図８に示すように、ホッパ１内の上部側に支持棒２を横架し、支持棒２に吊り棒３の上端をクランク４を介して軸回転自在に連結する一方、吊り棒３は、Ｔ型の下端棒部３ａを底皿５上の餌量調節パイプ１ａの上部に連結して垂下すると共に、中途部から斜め上向きに丸棒３ｂを固着してホッパ１の飼料ガイド部１ｂ内にブリッジ防止手段Ａを枝状に配設し、例えば仔豚が食餌するときに鼻や口で触って起動部材６を押すと、吊り棒３が回転し、それと一体にブリッジ防止手段Ａが回動することによってホッパ１内の中心周りで飼料を撹拌しながら、餌量調節パイプ１ａを通して落下させて下端の餌排出口７から底皿５上へ送給するようにしている。 Therefore, in the conventional livestock feeder, as shown in FIG. 8, the support bar 2 is mounted horizontally on the upper side of the hopper 1, and the upper end of the suspension bar 3 is freely pivotable on the support bar 2 via the crank 4. On the other hand, the suspension rod 3 hangs down by connecting the T-shaped lower end rod portion 3a to the upper portion of the bait adjustment pipe 1a on the bottom plate 5, and also attaches the round rod 3b obliquely upward from the midway portion. When the bridge prevention means A is arranged in a branch shape in the feed guide portion 1b of the hopper 1, for example, when the piglet feeds, when the activation member 6 is pushed by touching it with the nose or mouth, the suspension bar 3 rotates, The bridge prevention means A is integrally rotated so that the feed is stirred around the center of the hopper 1 and dropped through the feed amount adjusting pipe 1a to be fed from the lower end feed discharge port 7 onto the bottom plate 5. I have to.

一方で、この従来の家畜用給餌器は、支持棒２の一端軸部２ａを軸受部材８でホッパ１に回転自在に軸支する一方、他端軸部２ｂをホッパ１の周壁を貫通させて餌量調節手段Ｓを連結し、餌量調節手段Ｓを操作して餌送給量を調節するときは、ハンドル９を持って支持棒２を回動して吊り棒３を上下移動させることにより、餌排出口７の開口量を調整して底皿５への餌送給量を微調節していた。
登録実用新案第３０１９０３７号公報 On the other hand, in this conventional livestock feeder, one end shaft portion 2a of the support bar 2 is rotatably supported on the hopper 1 by the bearing member 8, while the other end shaft portion 2b is passed through the peripheral wall of the hopper 1. When the bait amount adjusting means S is connected and the bait amount adjusting means S is operated to adjust the bait feeding amount, the support bar 2 is rotated by holding the handle 9 and the suspension bar 3 is moved up and down. The feed amount to the bottom plate 5 was finely adjusted by adjusting the opening amount of the feed discharge port 7.
Registered Utility Model No. 3019037

しかし、上述のような従来の家畜用給餌器では、飼料供給時、ホッパ１内において、ブリッジ防止手段Ａによって飼料ガイド部１ｂの中心周りにある飼料だけをかき混ぜて落す構成であるため、確かに飼料ガイド部１ｂの中心付近にある飼料は、撹拌されて落下するが、特に使用する飼料が、例えば大小粒の不揃いな地場食用廃品を配合して発酵させた飼料で、湿り気のある滑りの悪い自家製配合飼料である場合には、図９に示すように、飼料ガイド部１ｂの内壁面１ｃ寄りにある飼料は、内壁面１ｃに付着したまま滑り落ちず、依然としてブリッジ状に残留するため、結局、ブリッジの発生を確実には防止できない、という課題があった。 However, in the conventional livestock feeder as described above, since only the feed around the center of the feed guide portion 1b is stirred and dropped in the hopper 1 by the bridge prevention means A when feeding the feed, The feed in the vicinity of the center of the feed guide 1b is stirred and dropped. Especially, the feed to be used is, for example, a feed that is fermented by blending large and small unbalanced local edible wastes, and has poor moisture and slippage. In the case of homemade blended feed, as shown in FIG. 9, the feed near the inner wall surface 1c of the feed guide portion 1b does not slide down while remaining attached to the inner wall surface 1c, and remains in a bridge shape. There was a problem that the occurrence of the bridge could not be reliably prevented.

他方、国内の家畜用給餌器では、最近、飼料として、家畜に対する栄養素など数々の点に配慮し、例えば図１０に示すように、予め細かく砕いて配合した魚粉など顆粒状や粉状の餌ａや、予め熱処理を施して粒度を揃えたペレット等の粒状の餌や、トウモトコシ等の大粒な餌ｂなど、大小粒の不揃いな各種飼料を配合し、反対に、いずれも乾燥した比較的滑りの良好な自家配合飼料も使用されている。 On the other hand, domestic livestock feeders have recently taken into consideration a number of points such as nutrients for livestock as feed, for example, as shown in FIG. Also, various kinds of feeds with large and small grains such as granular baits such as pellets that have been heat-treated in advance to have a uniform particle size, and large baits such as corn, etc. are blended. Good in-house feed is also used.

上述した従来の家畜用給餌器では、飼料供給時、この大小粒の不揃いな滑りやすい飼料がホッパ１内に投入されると、これら飼料は、飼料ガイド部１ｂを滑るように流れ落ちて餌量調節パイプ１ａを勢い良く落下し、その結果、餌排出口７から底皿５へ出過ぎることがある。そこで、この従来の家畜用給餌器では、餌量調節手段Ｓを操作し、図１１（Ａ）に示すように、餌排出口７の開口量ｄ１を調整して狭くし、餌排出口７から底皿５へ送り出す餌量を抑えると、餌量調節パイプ１ａ内に大粒の餌ｂが残り、それが家畜へ供給されない給餌不足状態になってしまう。そこで、同図（Ｂ）に示すように、反対に餌排出口７の開口量ｄ２を調整して広くすると、今度は、餌排出口７から飼料が多く零れ出て、無駄に出過ぎてしまい、結果として、餌排出口７から飼料を底皿５へ送り出す餌送給量の微調整が不能になるという、重大な課題があった。 In the above-mentioned conventional livestock feeder, when this large and small, uneven slippery feed is introduced into the hopper 1 during feed supply, the feed flows down so as to slide on the feed guide portion 1b to adjust the feed amount. The pipe 1a may fall down vigorously, and as a result, the pipe 1a may come out from the bait outlet 7 to the bottom plate 5 too much. Therefore, in this conventional livestock feeder, the feed amount adjusting means S is operated to adjust and narrow the opening amount d1 of the feed outlet 7 as shown in FIG. If the amount of food to be sent out to the bottom plate 5 is suppressed, a large amount of food b remains in the food amount adjustment pipe 1a, resulting in an insufficient feeding state where it is not supplied to livestock. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the opening amount d2 of the feed outlet 7 is adjusted and widened, a large amount of feed is spilled from the feed outlet 7 and is excessively discharged. As a result, there was a serious problem that fine adjustment of the feed amount for feeding the feed from the feed discharge port 7 to the bottom plate 5 became impossible.

そこで、本発明の目的は、大小粒の不揃い度や滑りの良し悪しなど、飼料の如何に関わらず、ホッパ内にブリッジが発生するのを完全に防止すると共に、底皿ヘ送り出す餌送給量を適確に微調整することができる家畜用給餌器を提供することにある。 Therefore, the object of the present invention is to completely prevent the occurrence of bridging in the hopper regardless of the feed, such as the degree of irregularity of large and small grains and the quality of sliding, and the feed amount to be fed to the bottom dish. It is an object of the present invention to provide a livestock feeder capable of finely adjusting the above.

上記した課題を解決すべく、請求項１に記載の発明は、たとえば以下に図１〜図７を用いて説明する実施の形態に示すとおり、ホッパ１０内に横架した支持棒１５で吊持する吊り棒１２の下端部に起動部材１３を固定し、該起動部材１３が底皿１８上で家畜に押されると、前記ホッパ１０の漸次下向きに縮径した飼料ガイド部２１内でブリッジ防止手段１４を一体に動かし、該ブリッジ防止手段１４で飼料を流動させながら落下させて前記底皿１８へ送給する一方、前記支持棒１５に餌量調節手段１６を連結し、該餌量調節手段１６で前記支持棒１５を動かして前記ブリッジ防止手段１４を前記吊り棒１２と一体に上下に微動させることにより、前記底皿１８へ送り出す飼料の送給量を微調節する家畜用給餌器であって、前記ブリッジ防止手段１４は、前記飼料ガイド部２１の内壁面２１ａに合わせて逆円錐台状をなし、前記吊り棒１２を中心に貫挿して吊持する本体のブリッジ盤３０と、外周縁に複数の切欠き３１…を周方向に間隔をあけて設け、前記ブリッジ盤３０の外周に鍔状に巻装した上方の第１調整リング３５と、該第１調整リング３５の切欠き位置とは周方向にずらして外周縁に複数の切欠き３２…を間隔をあけて設け、前記第１調整リング３５の下方で前記ブリッジ盤３０の外周に巻装した第２調整リング４０と、を備え、上下の前記調整リング３５・４０の外周縁をそれぞれ前記飼料ガイド部２１の内壁面２１ａに近接させ、その内壁面２１ａとの間に粒状飼料の粒径に合わせた僅かな間隙Ｄを開けて前記ブリッジ盤３０を前記飼料ガイド部２１内に配設してなることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-described problem, the invention described in claim 1 is suspended by a support rod 15 horizontally mounted in a hopper 10 as shown in the embodiment described below with reference to FIGS. When the starting member 13 is fixed to the lower end portion of the hanging rod 12 and the starting member 13 is pushed by the livestock on the bottom plate 18, the bridge preventing means is formed in the feed guide portion 21 whose diameter gradually decreases downward of the hopper 10. 14, the feed prevention means 14 drops the feed while flowing it and feeds it to the bottom plate 18, while the feed amount adjusting means 16 is connected to the support bar 15, and the feed amount adjusting means 16 is connected. The feeding rod for livestock that finely adjusts the amount of feed fed to the bottom plate 18 by moving the support rod 15 and finely moving the bridge prevention means 14 up and down integrally with the suspension rod 12. The bridge prevention hand Reference numeral 14 denotes an inverted frustoconical shape in accordance with the inner wall surface 21a of the feed guide portion 21, and a bridge board 30 of the main body penetrating and suspending around the suspension rod 12, and a plurality of notches 31 on the outer periphery. ... are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the upper first adjustment ring 35 wound around the outer periphery of the bridge board 30 in a hook shape and the notch position of the first adjustment ring 35 are shifted in the circumferential direction. A plurality of notches 32 provided at intervals on the outer peripheral edge, and a second adjustment ring 40 wound around the outer periphery of the bridge board 30 below the first adjustment ring 35, and the upper and lower adjustment rings The outer peripheries of 35 and 40 are respectively brought close to the inner wall surface 21a of the feed guide portion 21, and a slight gap D corresponding to the particle size of the granular feed is opened between the inner wall surface 21a and the bridge board 30. Arranged in the feed guide 21 And wherein the door.

請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の家畜用給餌器において、たとえば以下に図１〜図７を用いて説明する実施の形態に示すとおり、下方の前記第２調整リング４０には、上方の前記第１調整リング３５の切欠き３１…の数より少ない数の切欠き３２…を設けてなることを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 2 is the livestock feeder according to claim 1, for example, in the lower second adjustment ring 40 as shown in the embodiment described below with reference to FIGS. Is characterized in that the number of notches 32 is smaller than the number of notches 31 in the upper first adjustment ring 35.

請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項１又は２に記載の家畜用給餌器において、たとえば以下に図１〜図７を用いて説明する実施の形態に示すとおり、前記ブリッジ防止手段１４は、前記吊り棒１２でそれと一体に揺動自在に吊持してなることを特徴とする。 The invention described in claim 3 is the livestock feeder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, for example, as shown in the embodiment described below with reference to FIGS. It is characterized in that it is suspended by the suspension rod 12 so as to be swingable integrally therewith.

請求項１に記載の発明によれば、
（１）飼料供給時、ホッパ内に飼料を投入すると、それら飼料は、基本として、飼料ガイド部内で、その内壁面とブリッジ防止手段の外周間の間隙を流れ落ちて底皿上に送り出され、家畜へと供給されるが、このとき、使用する飼料が、大小粒の不揃いで湿った滑りの悪い種類の飼料であっても、ブリッジを発生し易いホッパの飼料ガイド部内に、その飼料ガイド部に合わせてブリッジ盤が上下逆円錐台状をなすブリッジ防止手段を配設した構成であるため、ホッパ内の何処にも飼料のブリッジを発生させる余地がなく、滑りの悪い飼料でも、すべて残らず、飼料ガイド部の内壁面とブリッジ防止手段の外周間の間隙を通して流れ落して底皿上へと送り出すことができる。
（２）また、ブリッジ防止手段は、上下の調整リングを飼料ガイド部の内壁面に近接させ、その内壁面に合わせて同じ上下逆円錐台状のブリッジ盤を飼料ガイド部に配設するため、ブリッジ防止手段の下方空間には、飼料が充満されることなく、常に空気層が形成され、この空気層により、湿気が上昇してホッパ内へ侵入するのを遮断し、これによって、夜間等の間に湿気が原因で飼料がホッパ内などで膨張し、例えば起動部材下端の餌出口近傍などで詰まるのを防止することができ、その結果、ホッパ内の飼料は、途中で詰まって滞ることなく、すべて落下して底皿上へ円滑に送り出すことができ、湿気による餌詰まりが原因で給餌不能になるのを防止することもできる。
（３）更に、ブリッジ防止手段は、外周縁に互いの切欠きを周方向にずらして設けた上下調整リングの外周縁を、それぞれ飼料ガイド部の内壁面に近接させ、その内壁面との間に、粒状飼料の粒径に合わせた僅かな間隙を開けて同じ上下円錐台状をなすブリッジ盤を、飼料ガイド部内に配設するため、ホッパ内に投入した飼料が、大小粒の不揃いで乾燥した滑りの良い飼料であっても、その不揃いな飼料が飼料ガイド部を通るとき、小粒な餌の一部は、途中で止まることなく、飼料ガイド部の内壁面とブリッジ防止手段間の間隙を一気にすり抜けて流れ落ちる一方、他の小粒な餌や大粒の餌の大半は、ブリッジ盤上から滑り落ちると、第１調整リングの切欠き間に有した鍔部上にいったん載ってから、切欠きを通って下方へ滑り落ち、次いで、第２調整リングの切欠き間に有した鍔部上に載っていったん止まってから、更に下方へ滑り落ち、そこで初めて底皿上へ落下する。その結果、ホッパ内に投入した飼料が、例え大小粒の不揃いな滑りやすい餌であっても、そのような飼料の如何に関わりなく、それら不揃いな飼料が飼料ガイド部を流れ落ちるとき、大半は、一気に流れ落ちるのではなく、ブリッジ防止手段の上下調整リングで落下速度を調整して遅らせることによって、下方の底皿へ送り出す餌送給量を適量に調整される。以上のように本発明では、飼料供給中に、ブリッジ防止手段の上下調整リングで飼料ガイド部を流れ落ちる飼料の落下速度を調整して遅らせ、底皿へ送り出す餌送給量を事前に調整してから、底皿上へ流れ落すのであって、従来の如く飼料ガイド部を飼料がすべて一気に滑るように餌排出口へ流れ落ちることがないため、餌量調節手段の操作で餌排出口の開口を狭めて餌送給量を少な目に調節すると、餌落下パイプ内に大粒の餌が残って仔豚へ給餌不足になる問題がなく、反対に、餌排出口の開口を大粒の飼料に合わせて広くして餌送給量を多目に調節すると、餌排出口から飼料が零れ出て、無駄に出過ぎしまう問題もなく、結果として、使用する飼料の大小粒の不揃い度や滑りの良し悪しなど、飼料の如何に関わらず、底皿へ送り出す飼料の送給量を自由に且つ適確に微調整することができる。 According to the invention of claim 1,
(1) When feed is fed into the hopper at the time of feed supply, these feeds basically flow down the gap between the inner wall surface of the feed guide section and the outer periphery of the bridge prevention means and are sent out on the bottom plate. At this time, even if the feed used is a large and small grained, wet, non-slip type of feed, the feed guide portion of the hopper that is prone to bridging is placed in the feed guide portion. In addition, because the bridge board is configured with anti-bridging means that forms an upside down inverted truncated cone shape, there is no room for generating bridges of feed anywhere in the hopper, even in poorly slipping feed, It can flow down through the gap between the inner wall surface of the feed guide part and the outer periphery of the bridge preventing means and send it out onto the bottom dish.
(2) In addition, the bridge prevention means is arranged so that the upper and lower adjustment rings are close to the inner wall surface of the feed guide part, and the same upside-down inverted truncated cone shaped bridge board is arranged in the feed guide part according to the inner wall surface. In the space below the bridge prevention means, an air layer is always formed without being filled with feed, and this air layer blocks moisture from rising and entering the hopper, thereby preventing the nighttime etc. It is possible to prevent the feed from expanding in the hopper due to moisture in between, for example, clogging in the vicinity of the feed outlet at the lower end of the starting member, etc. All of them can be dropped and sent out smoothly onto the bottom plate, and it is possible to prevent the feeding from becoming impossible due to food clogging due to moisture.
(3) Further, the bridge preventing means makes the outer peripheral edge of the vertical adjustment ring provided on the outer peripheral edge with the notches shifted in the circumferential direction close to the inner wall surface of the feed guide portion, and between the inner wall surfaces. In addition, since the bridge board having the same upper and lower frustoconical shape with a small gap according to the particle size of the granular feed is arranged in the feed guide part, the feed put in the hopper is dried with irregularities of large and small grains. Even if it is a slippery feed, when the uneven feed passes through the feed guide part, a part of the small feed does not stop halfway and the gap between the inner wall surface of the feed guide part and the bridge prevention means While most of the other small and large baits slide down from the bridge board, they fall on the buttocks between the cutouts of the first adjustment ring and pass through the cutouts. Slip down and then After stopped once resting on the flange portion having between cutouts in the second adjusting ring, slide down further downwards, where the first time falls onto the bottom pan. As a result, even if the feed put into the hopper is a large and small grainy slippery feed, regardless of such feed, when the uneven feed flows down the feed guide, most of the Instead of flowing down at a stretch, the feeding speed to be fed to the bottom plate below is adjusted to an appropriate amount by adjusting and slowing the falling speed with the vertical adjustment ring of the bridge preventing means. As described above, in the present invention, during the feed supply, the fall speed of the feed flowing down the feed guide part is adjusted and delayed by the upper and lower adjustment rings of the bridge preventing means, and the feed feed amount to be sent to the bottom plate is adjusted in advance. Since it does not flow down to the feed outlet so that the feed slides all at once in the feed guide part as in the past, the feed outlet is narrowed by the operation of the feed amount adjusting means. If you adjust the feed amount to a small amount, there will be no problem of large feed remaining in the feed drop pipe and insufficient feeding to the piglet.On the other hand, widen the feed outlet opening to match the large feed. If the feed feed amount is adjusted to a large extent, there will be no problem that the feed will spill out from the feed outlet and it will not go out too much. Regardless of the feed sent to the bottom plate The feed rate can be finely adjusted freely and to accurately.

請求項２に記載の発明によれば、ブリッジ防止手段は、下方の第２調整リングに上方の第１調整リングの切欠きの数より少ない数の切欠きを設け、切欠き間の鍔部がより長く形成されるため、飼料供給時、投入飼料が、例えば小粒の餌群を含んでいても、それらがブリッジ盤上から、第１調整リングの切欠きを通って滑り落ちると、その多くは、第２調整リングの切欠き間に有した鍔部上にいったん載って止まってから下方へ滑り落ち、それから底皿上へと落下する。その結果、ホッパ内に投入した餌が大小粒の不揃いで滑りの良い飼料であっても、その不揃いな飼料が飼料ガイド部を流れ落ちるとき、途中で、ブリッジ防止手段の第２調整リングで受けて効果的に落下速度を遅らせ、底皿へ送り出す飼料の送給量をより一層効果的に調整することができる。 According to the second aspect of the present invention, the bridge preventing means is provided with a lower number of notches in the lower second adjustment ring than the number of notches in the upper first adjustment ring, and a brim between the notches is provided. Since it is formed longer, when the feed is supplied, for example, even if it contains a small group of baits, if they slide down from the bridge board through the cutout of the first adjustment ring, It rests once on the collar part provided between the notches of the second adjustment ring, and then slides down and then falls onto the bottom plate. As a result, even if the feed fed into the hopper is a large and small grained and slippery feed, when the uneven feed flows down the feed guide part, it is received on the way with the second adjustment ring of the bridge prevention means. The fall speed can be effectively delayed, and the feed amount of the feed fed to the bottom dish can be more effectively adjusted.

請求項３に記載の発明によれば、飼料供給時、家畜が食餌中に鼻や口で触って起動部材を押すと、それに従い、吊り棒がブリッジ防止手段と一体に振子のように揺動するため、家畜が食餌するとき、即ち、ブリッジ防止手段を揺すったときにだけ、飼料は飼料ガイド部の内壁面間の間隙を流れ落ちて家畜自身の下へ、無駄なく送り出すことができる。しかも、このとき、ブリッジ防止手段は、ブリッジ盤の上方に、例えば湿った滑りの悪い飼料の凝集飼料層（ブリッジ）が発生していても、揺れ動くブリッジ盤で、凝集飼料層を持ち上げて左右に揺すりながら破壊し、これによって、飼料を流動させて、飼料ガイド部の内壁面とブリッジ防止手段の外周間の間隙を通して流れ落して底皿上へ送り出すことができる。このように、ブリッジが発生し易いホッパの飼料ガイド部内に同じ上下逆円錐台状のブリッジ盤を配設したことと、そのブリッジ盤を揺すってブリッジを破壊しながら飼料を流れ落す相乗効果により、本発明では、使用飼料が、たとえブリッジを発生し易い湿った滑りの悪い餌であったとしても、そのような飼料の如何に関わりなく、飼料ガイド部内でブリッジ状に残留させず、すべて、下方の底皿上へと落下させてブリッジの発生を完全に防止することができる。 According to the third aspect of the present invention, when the livestock feeds the feed, when the livestock touches the nose or mouth and pushes the activation member, the suspension bar swings like a pendulum integrally with the bridge prevention means. Therefore, only when the livestock feeds, that is, when the bridge prevention means is shaken, the feed can flow down the gap between the inner wall surfaces of the feed guide portion and can be sent to the livestock itself without waste. Moreover, at this time, the bridge prevention means lifts the agglomerated feed layer to the left and right with a swinging bridge board, even if an agglomerated feed layer (bridge) of wet slippery feed is generated above the bridge board. Breaking while shaking, the feed can be caused to flow and flow down through the gap between the inner wall surface of the feed guide portion and the outer periphery of the bridge preventing means and sent out onto the bottom plate. In this way, by arranging the same upside-down inverted truncated cone bridge board in the feed guide part of the hopper where the bridge is likely to occur, and the synergistic effect of flowing down the feed while breaking the bridge by shaking the bridge board, In the present invention, even if the feed used is a damp, slippery feed that is prone to bridging, it does not remain in the form of a bridge in the feed guide, regardless of the feed, It is possible to completely prevent the occurrence of bridging by dropping it onto the bottom plate.

以下、本発明を実施するための最良の形態を、図面を参照して詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

図１〜図７には、本発明の家畜用給餌器を実施するための最良の形態を示す。図示家畜用給餌器は、図１及び図２に示すように、ホッパ１０、餌落下パイプ１１、吊り棒１２、起動部材１３、ブリッジ防止手段１４、支持棒１５、餌量調節手段１６、給水部１７、底皿１８、仕切枠１９などで構成されている。 1 to 7 show the best mode for carrying out the livestock feeder of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the illustrated livestock feeder includes a hopper 10, a bait dropping pipe 11, a suspension bar 12, an activation member 13, a bridge prevention unit 14, a support bar 15, a bait amount adjusting unit 16, and a water supply unit. 17, a bottom plate 18, a partition frame 19, and the like.

ホッパ１０は、樹脂製で、不図示の開閉蓋を開けて上部開口から飼料を投入する上側の円筒部２０と、円筒部２０の下縁から漸次下向きに縮径した上下逆円錐台状の飼料ガイド部２１とを有し、飼料ガイド部２１の下端に、縦長な餌落下パイプ１１を一体に接続し、格子状の支持枠２２に組み付けて立設してなる。餌落下パイプ１１は、上下に貫通した円筒体で、その下端部と起動部材１３間に餌排出口２５を形成してなる。 The hopper 10 is made of resin, opens an opening / closing lid (not shown), and feeds the feed from the upper opening, and the top and bottom inverted frustum-shaped feed that gradually decreases in diameter from the lower edge of the cylindrical portion 20. A vertically long bait dropping pipe 11 is integrally connected to a lower end of the feed guide portion 21 and is erected and assembled to a lattice-like support frame 22. The bait falling pipe 11 is a cylindrical body penetrating vertically, and is formed by forming a bait discharge port 25 between its lower end and the activation member 13.

吊り棒１２は、それぞれ長尺な丸棒製の上吊り棒２３に下吊り棒２４を繋いでなる。上吊り棒２３は、上端部の端面にボルト頭部を溶接して外周に雄ねじ部２３ａを刻設する一方、下端部を鉤状に形成してなる。反対に、下吊り棒２４は、上端部を鉤状に形成する一方、下端部の端面にボルト頭部を溶接して外周に雄ねじ部２４ａを刻設してなる。 The suspension rod 12 is formed by connecting a lower suspension rod 24 to an upper suspension rod 23 made of a long round bar. The upper suspension rod 23 is formed by welding a bolt head to the end face of the upper end portion and engraving the male screw portion 23a on the outer periphery, while forming the lower end portion in a bowl shape. On the other hand, the lower suspension rod 24 has an upper end portion formed in a bowl shape, and a bolt head portion is welded to an end surface of the lower end portion and a male screw portion 24a is formed on the outer periphery.

起動部材１３は、上下に貫通した円錐台形の筒本体１３ａを有し、筒本体１３ａの下端開口の中心に、放射状に組み付けた止め軸２６で受けナット２７を固持してなる。 The starting member 13 has a truncated cone-shaped cylinder main body 13a penetrating vertically, and a receiving nut 27 is secured to a center of a lower end opening of the cylinder main body 13a by a stop shaft 26 assembled radially.

ブリッジ防止手段１４は、金属板を用いて、飼料ガイド部２１の内壁面２１ａに合わせて上下逆円錐台状につくり、中心に上下に貫通する貫挿穴をあけた本体のブリッジ盤３０と、それぞれ細長い環状の金属板からなる第１調整リング３５および第２調整リング４０を備える。第１調整リング３５は、外周縁に複数の矩形な切欠き３１…を周方向に間隔をあけて設けた板状リングで、ブリッジ盤３０の外周上側に溶接して鍔状に巻装する。第２調整リング４０は、外周縁に複数の矩形な切欠き３２…を間隔をあけて設けた板状リングで、切欠き３２を、第１調整リング３５の切欠き位置とは周方向にずらして第１調整リング３５の下側でブリッジ盤３０の外周に溶接して鍔状に巻装してなる。そして、下方の第２調整リング４０には、上方の第１調整リング３５の切欠き３１の数より少ない数の切欠き３２が設けられている。 The bridge prevention means 14 is made of a metal plate in a vertically inverted truncated cone shape in accordance with the inner wall surface 21a of the feed guide portion 21, and a bridge board 30 of the main body having a through hole penetrating vertically in the center, A first adjustment ring 35 and a second adjustment ring 40 each made of an elongated metal plate are provided. The first adjustment ring 35 is a plate-like ring in which a plurality of rectangular notches 31 are provided on the outer peripheral edge at intervals in the circumferential direction. The first adjustment ring 35 is welded to the upper side of the outer periphery of the bridge board 30 and wound in a bowl shape. The second adjustment ring 40 is a plate-like ring in which a plurality of rectangular cutouts 32 are provided at intervals on the outer peripheral edge, and the cutout 32 is shifted in the circumferential direction from the cutout position of the first adjustment ring 35. The first adjustment ring 35 is welded to the outer periphery of the bridge board 30 and wound in a bowl shape. The lower second adjustment ring 40 is provided with a smaller number of notches 32 than the number of notches 31 in the upper first adjustment ring 35.

そこで、吊り棒１２は、上吊り棒２３の鉤状下端部に下吊り棒２４の鉤状上端部を掛止して組み立てる一方、下吊り棒２４をブリッジ盤３０の中心貫挿穴に貫挿させて、ブリッジ防止手段１４を下吊り棒２４に溶接で固定する。それから、吊り棒１２は、上吊り棒２３の雄ねじ部２３ａにナット２８を螺着し、ホッパ１０の円筒部２０内で横架する支持棒１５にＬ状連結板２９を介して連結することにより、軸周りに回転自在に支持棒１５で吊持すると共に、鉤状端部の掛止位置を支点として、ブリッジ防止手段１４を揺動自在に吊持する。他方、吊り棒１２は、下吊り棒２４を餌落下パイプ１１を貫挿させて、下端部の雄ねじ部２４ａに、それを受けナット２７を通して止めナット４２を螺着して起動部材１３を固着する。そして、ブリッジ防止手段１４は、第１および第２調整リング３５・４０の周縁を飼料ガイド部２１の内壁面２１ａに近接させ、その内壁面２１ａとの間に粒状飼料の粒径に合わせた僅かな間隙Ｄを開けてブリッジ盤３０を飼料ガイド部２１内に配設し（図５参照）、起動部材１３は、底皿１８上に配置する。 Therefore, the suspension rod 12 is assembled by hooking the hook-like upper end portion of the lower suspension rod 24 on the flange-like lower end portion of the upper suspension rod 23, while the lower suspension rod 24 is inserted into the center penetration hole of the bridge board 30. Then, the bridge preventing means 14 is fixed to the lower suspension rod 24 by welding. Then, the suspension rod 12 is formed by screwing a nut 28 to the male thread portion 23 a of the upper suspension rod 23, and connecting it to the support rod 15 laid horizontally in the cylindrical portion 20 of the hopper 10 via the L-shaped connection plate 29. The bridge preventing means 14 is swingably suspended with the support rod 15 being rotatably supported around the axis and the hooked position of the hook-shaped end portion being a fulcrum. On the other hand, the suspension rod 12 has the lower suspension rod 24 inserted through the bait dropping pipe 11, and the male screw portion 24 a at the lower end is received and threaded with a lock nut 42 through the nut 27 to fix the activation member 13. . And the bridge | bridging prevention means 14 makes the periphery of the 1st and 2nd adjustment rings 35 and 40 adjoin to the inner wall surface 21a of the feed guide part 21, and is slightly adjusted according to the particle size of the granular feed between the inner wall surfaces 21a. The bridge board 30 is arranged in the feed guide portion 21 with a large gap D (see FIG. 5), and the starting member 13 is arranged on the bottom plate 18.

支持棒１５は、丸棒製で、図３および図４に示すように、一端棒部１５ａの端面に切れ込み４３を凹設し、反対の他端棒部１５ｂの端面にボルト頭部を溶接して外周に雄ねじ部４４を形成している。そこで、支持棒１５は、一端棒部１５ａを、餌量調節手段１６の蝶番４５を介してホッパ１０の円筒部２０に取り付ける一方、他端棒部１５ｂを、円筒部２０を貫通して餌量調節手段１６のハンドル４６に連結する。 The support bar 15 is made of a round bar, and as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a notch 43 is recessed in the end surface of the one end bar portion 15a, and a bolt head is welded to the end surface of the other end bar portion 15b. A male screw portion 44 is formed on the outer periphery. Therefore, the support rod 15 has one end rod portion 15a attached to the cylindrical portion 20 of the hopper 10 via the hinge 45 of the bait amount adjusting means 16, while the other end rod portion 15b penetrates the cylindrical portion 20 and the bait amount. Connected to the handle 46 of the adjusting means 16.

餌量調節手段１６は、蝶番４５およびハンドル４６の他に、ガイド板４７、アイナットからなるロックナット４８を備える。蝶番４５は、公知の羽根蝶番を用い、中心の支点軸部４５ａを、ホッパ１０の円筒部２０の内壁面に、支持棒１５の横架高さ位置に合わせて横向きに配置して片側の羽根部４５ｂをねじ止めし、他側の羽根部４５ｃをホッパ１０内で上下方向に揺動自在に取り付ける。ハンドル４６は、Ｌ型をなし、縦長な把持部４６ａと横長なレバー部４６ｂとの間のコーナ部４６ｃに小穴の支点部Ｐ１を有した、てこ式ハンドルからなる。レバー部４６ｂには、やや横長に開けた作用穴４９を有し、先端には先細な針部４６ｄを設けてなる。ガイド板４７は、吊り棒１２と平行な縦向きに長いガイド穴５０を開ける一方、ガイド穴５０を間に挟んだ片側の板面に、飼料ガイド部２１の内壁面２１ａとブリッジ防止手段１４の外周間の間隙Ｄの隙間量を示す目盛５１を刻設し、他側にハンドル４６の支点部Ｐ１と対応する小穴の支点部Ｐ２を設けてなる。 The bait adjustment means 16 includes a guide plate 47 and a lock nut 48 made of an eye nut in addition to the hinge 45 and the handle 46. The hinge 45 is a known blade hinge, and a central fulcrum shaft portion 45a is disposed on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical portion 20 of the hopper 10 in a horizontal direction in accordance with the horizontal position of the support rod 15, and the blade on one side is arranged. The part 45b is screwed, and the other blade part 45c is attached to the hopper 10 so as to be swingable in the vertical direction. The handle 46 is L-shaped, and includes a lever type handle having a small fulcrum P1 at a corner 46c between a vertically long grip 46a and a horizontally long lever 46b. The lever portion 46b has an action hole 49 that is slightly horizontally long, and a tapered needle portion 46d is provided at the tip. The guide plate 47 opens a long guide hole 50 in a vertical direction parallel to the suspension bar 12, while the inner wall surface 21 a of the feed guide portion 21 and the bridge prevention means 14 are formed on one plate surface sandwiching the guide hole 50 therebetween. A scale 51 indicating the gap amount of the gap D between the outer peripheries is formed, and a small hole fulcrum part P2 corresponding to the fulcrum part P1 of the handle 46 is provided on the other side.

そこで、餌量調節手段１６において、ガイド板４７は、ガイド穴５０が吊り棒１２と平行な縦向き状態で、蝶番４５と対向するホッパ１０の外壁面にねじ止めする。それから、支持棒１５は、切れ込み４３に蝶番４５の他側羽根部４５ｃを差し込んで、一端棒部１５ａを、ホッパ１０に対して上下、左右および前後に可動に蝶番４５に連結する一方、ボルトの雄ねじ部４４をホッパ１０の円筒部２０の貫通穴から、ガイド板４７のガイド穴５０を通して作用穴４９に遊嵌し、他端棒部１５ｂをハンドル４６に連結する。ハンドル４６は、作用穴４９に支持棒１５の雄ねじ部４４を遊嵌した状態で、両支点部Ｐ１・Ｐ２を合わせてガイド板４７に重ね、支点用ボルト５２とナット５３で、共通の支点部を中心として回動可能にホッパ１０の外周壁に組み付ける。そして、所望の餌送給量に応じた前記間隙Ｄの隙間量に合わせて、ハンドル４６の回動角度位置を設定してから、支持棒１５の雄ねじ部４４にロックナット４８を螺着してハンドル４６をホッパ１０の外壁面に締着し、組み立ててなる。餌量調節手段１６では、いま設定したハンドル４６の回動角度位置に応じて、針部４６ｄでガイド板４７上の目盛５１を指示し、所望の餌送給量に応じた前記間隙Ｄの隙間量を表示している。 Therefore, in the bait amount adjusting means 16, the guide plate 47 is screwed to the outer wall surface of the hopper 10 facing the hinge 45 in a vertically oriented state where the guide hole 50 is parallel to the suspension rod 12. Then, the support bar 15 inserts the other wing part 45c of the hinge 45 into the notch 43, and connects the one end bar part 15a to the hinge 45 so as to be movable up and down, left and right and back and forth with respect to the hopper 10. The male screw portion 44 is loosely fitted into the action hole 49 from the through hole of the cylindrical portion 20 of the hopper 10 through the guide hole 50 of the guide plate 47, and the other end rod portion 15 b is connected to the handle 46. In the state where the male threaded portion 44 of the support rod 15 is loosely fitted in the action hole 49, the handle 46 is overlapped on the guide plate 47 with the both fulcrum portions P1 and P2 aligned, and the fulcrum bolt 52 and the nut 53 are used as a common fulcrum portion. Is assembled to the outer peripheral wall of the hopper 10 so as to be rotatable around the center. Then, after setting the rotation angle position of the handle 46 in accordance with the gap amount of the gap D according to the desired feed amount, the lock nut 48 is screwed onto the male screw portion 44 of the support bar 15. The handle 46 is fastened to the outer wall surface of the hopper 10 and assembled. In the feed amount adjusting means 16, the scale 51 on the guide plate 47 is instructed by the needle portion 46d according to the rotation angle position of the handle 46 that has just been set, and the gap D of the gap D corresponding to the desired feed feed amount The amount is displayed.

従って、餌量調節手段１６では、組み立て時、支持棒１５は、切れ込み４３に蝶番４５の他側羽根部４５ｃを差し込んで、ホッパ１０に対して上下、左右および前後に可動に蝶番４５に連結した構成であるため、ホッパ１０に製造上の形状寸法に誤差があったり、歪などの変形を生じたり、ハンドル４６など部品の取付位置にズレがあったりしても、これら誤差や変形やズレを支持棒１５の上下、左右および前後の動きで吸収し、これにより、個々に異なるホッパの形状寸法の誤差や変形の程度に合わせて、現場でスムーズに且つ簡単に組立調整することができ、その結果、ホッパの形状寸法の誤差や変形状態や部品取付位置のズレ等に影響を受けることなく、簡単に精度よく組み立てることができる。 Accordingly, in the bait adjustment means 16, during assembly, the support bar 15 inserts the other blade 45c of the hinge 45 into the notch 43, and is connected to the hinge 45 so as to be movable up and down, left and right and back and forth with respect to the hopper 10. Because of the configuration, even if there is an error in the manufacturing dimensional dimensions of the hopper 10, deformation such as distortion, or displacement of the mounting position of parts such as the handle 46, these errors, deformation, or deviation are prevented. Absorbed by the movement of the support bar 15 up and down, left and right, and back and forth, which allows the assembly and adjustment to be performed smoothly and easily on site according to the error and deformation degree of different hopper shape dimensions. As a result, the hopper can be assembled easily and accurately without being affected by errors in the shape of the hopper, deformation state, displacement of the component mounting position, or the like.

給水部１７は、図１に示すように、支持枠２２に組み付けて立設した給水パイプ５５の下端に給水器５６を接続する一方、ホッパ１０の円筒部２０の外壁面にウォーターコントロール５７を取り付け、予め水量を調整してから給水パイプ５５を通して給水器５６へ送水する構成になっている。そして、仔豚が給水器５６を銜えて、その作用杆５６ａを揺動させることによって飲水できるようになっている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the water supply unit 17 connects a water supply 56 to the lower end of a water supply pipe 55 that is assembled and erected on the support frame 22, while attaching a water control 57 to the outer wall surface of the cylindrical portion 20 of the hopper 10. The water amount is adjusted in advance and then supplied to the water feeder 56 through the water supply pipe 55. And the piglet can drink water by holding the water feeder 56 and swinging the working rod 56a.

底皿１８は、中央部を円錐台状に隆起させてあり、飼料が中央部から流動して周辺部へ拡散し、食餌し易いようになっている。仕切枠１９は、餌落下パイプ１１と底皿１８の足部１８ａに固着し、給水器５６の設置間隔に合わせて間隔をあけて配設する。そして、仕切枠１９で区画した給餌空間内にて仔豚が争うことなく食餌し、又は個別に給水器５６から飲水できるようにしている。 The bottom plate 18 has a central portion raised like a truncated cone so that the feed flows from the central portion and diffuses to the peripheral portion so that it can be easily eaten. The partition frame 19 is fixed to the bait dropping pipe 11 and the foot portion 18 a of the bottom plate 18, and is arranged with an interval according to the installation interval of the water feeder 56. Then, the piglet can feed without conflict in the feeding space divided by the partition frame 19 or can drink water from the water feeder 56 individually.

さて、図示給餌器では、飼料として、仔豚等の家畜に対する栄養素など数々の点に配慮してつくられる自家製配合飼料を使用するものとする。例えば図示省略するが、おから・ビール粕等の粘性のあるものや、スナック菓子や、大きなチョコレートの固まりや、廃品パンなど、大小粒の不揃いな固形物を含んだ地場食用廃品を配合したものを発酵させて生成した発酵飼料で、湿り気のある滑りの悪い第１の飼料を使用する。或いは、例えば前記図１０に示したように、予め細かく砕いて配合した魚粉など顆粒状や粉状の餌ａや、予め熱処理を施して粒度を揃えたペレット等の粒状の餌や、トウモトコシ等の大粒な餌ｂなど、大小粒の不揃いな各種飼料を配合し、反対に、いずれも乾燥した比較的滑りの良い第２の飼料を使用する。 By the way, in the illustrated feeder, a home-made blended feed made in consideration of various points such as nutrients for livestock such as piglets is used as the feed. For example, although not shown in the figure, viscous foods such as okara and beer rice cakes, snack foods, large chocolate cakes, and local food waste containing large and small solids such as waste bread A fermented feed produced by fermentation is used, and the first feed with dampness and poor slip is used. Or, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, granular or powdery food a such as fish powder that has been preliminarily crushed and mixed, granular food such as pellets that have been preheated to have a uniform particle size, corn, etc. Various feeds with large and small grains such as large bait b are blended, and on the contrary, the second feed, which is dry and relatively slippery, is used.

図示給餌器では、飼料供給時、開閉蓋を開けてホッパ１０の円筒部２０内に飼料を投入すると、それら飼料は、基本として、図５に示すように、飼料ガイド部２１内で内壁面２１ａとブリッジ防止手段１４の外周間の間隙Ｄを流れ落ち、更に餌落下パイプ１１と起動部材１３内を通って落下すると共に、途中で餌排出口２５から排出されて底皿１８上に送り出され、家畜、例えば仔豚へと供給されるようになっている。このとき、使用する飼料が、大小粒の不揃いで湿った滑りの悪い第１の飼料であっても、図示給餌器では、ブリッジを発生し易いホッパ１０の飼料ガイド部２１内に、その飼料ガイド部２１に合わせてブリッジ盤３０が上下逆円錐台状をなすブリッジ防止手段１４を配設しているため、ホッパ１０内の何処にも飼料のブリッジを発生させる余地がなく、滑りの悪い第１の飼料でも、すべて残らず、飼料ガイド部２１の内壁面２１ａとブリッジ防止手段１４の外周間の間隙Ｄを通して流れ落して底皿１８上へと送り出すことができる。 In the illustrated feeder, when the feed is supplied, when the open / close lid is opened and the feed is introduced into the cylindrical portion 20 of the hopper 10, the feed basically becomes an inner wall surface 21a in the feed guide portion 21 as shown in FIG. And a gap D between the outer peripheries of the bridge prevention means 14 and further fall through the bait dropping pipe 11 and the activation member 13, and are discharged from the bait discharge port 25 on the way and sent onto the bottom plate 18, thereby For example, it is supplied to piglets. At this time, even if the feed to be used is the first feed with large and small irregularities and dampness and poor slip, the feed guide in the feed guide portion 21 of the hopper 10 which is likely to generate a bridge in the illustrated feeder. Since the bridge prevention means 14 in which the bridge board 30 forms an upside down inverted truncated cone shape is arranged in accordance with the portion 21, there is no room for generating a feed bridge anywhere in the hopper 10, and the first slippery first However, all of the feed is not left and can flow down through the gap D between the inner wall surface 21a of the feed guide portion 21 and the outer periphery of the bridge prevention means 14 and be sent out onto the bottom plate 18.

しかも、図示給餌器では、飼料供給時、仔豚が食餌中に鼻や口で触って起動部材１３を押すと、それに従い、吊り棒１２の下吊り棒２４が、図６に示すように、上下の鉤状端部の掛止位置ｔを支点として、ブリッジ防止手段１４と一体に振子のように揺動する。すると、仔豚が食餌するとき、即ち、ブリッジ防止手段１４を揺すったときにだけ、飼料は飼料ガイド部２１の内壁面２１ａ間の間隙Ｄを流れ落ちて仔豚自身の下へ、無駄なく送り出すことができる。このとき、ブリッジ防止手段１４は、ブリッジ盤３０の上方に、湿った滑りの悪い第１飼料の凝集飼料層（ブリッジ）が発生していても、揺れ動くブリッジ盤３０で、凝集飼料層を持ち上げて左右に揺すりながら破壊し、これによって、飼料を流動させて、飼料ガイド部２１の内壁面２１ａとブリッジ防止手段１４の外周間の間隙Ｄを通して流れ落して底皿１８上へ送り出すことができる。このように、ブリッジが発生し易いホッパ１０の飼料ガイド部２１内に同じ上下逆円錐台状のブリッジ盤３０を配設したことと、そのブリッジ盤３０を揺すってブリッジを破壊しながら飼料を流れ落す相乗効果により、図示給餌器では、使用飼料が、たとえブリッジを発生し易い湿った滑りの悪い餌であったとしても、そのような飼料の如何に関わりなく、飼料ガイド部２１内でブリッジ状に残留させず、すべて、下方の底皿１８上へと落下させてブリッジの発生を完全に防止することができる。 Moreover, in the illustrated feeder, when the piglet touches the starter member 13 by touching the nose or mouth while feeding, the lower suspension rod 24 of the suspension rod 12 moves up and down as shown in FIG. It swings like a pendulum integrally with the bridging prevention means 14 with the latching position t of the hook-shaped end portion as a fulcrum. Then, only when the piglet feeds, that is, when the bridge prevention means 14 is shaken, the feed can flow down the gap D between the inner wall surfaces 21a of the feed guide portion 21 and be sent out under the piglet without waste. . At this time, the bridge preventing means 14 lifts the aggregated feed layer with the swinging bridge board 30 even if the aggregated feed layer (bridge) of the first feed that is damp and slippery is generated above the bridge board 30. It can be broken while shaking left and right, thereby allowing the feed to flow and flow down through the gap D between the inner wall surface 21a of the feed guide portion 21 and the outer periphery of the bridge prevention means 14 to be sent out onto the bottom plate 18. As described above, the same upside-down inverted truncated cone bridge board 30 is disposed in the feed guide portion 21 of the hopper 10 where the bridge is likely to occur, and the feed flows while shaking the bridge board 30 to destroy the bridge. Due to the synergistic effect of dropping, in the illustrated feeder, even if the feed used is a wet, slippery feed that is prone to bridging, it is bridged in the feed guide 21 regardless of the feed. Without being left on the bottom plate, all of them can be dropped onto the lower bottom plate 18 to completely prevent the occurrence of bridges.

他方、図示給餌器では、ブリッジ防止手段１４は、外周縁に切欠き３１・３２を周方向にずらして設けた上下調整リング３５・４０の外周縁を、それぞれ飼料ガイド部２１の内壁面２１ａに近接させ、その内壁面２１ａとの間に、粒状飼料の粒径に合わせた僅かな間隙Ｄを開けて同じ上下円錐台状をなすブリッジ盤３０を、飼料ガイド部２１内に配設するため、ホッパ１０内に投入した飼料が、大小粒の不揃いで乾燥した滑りの良い第２の飼料であっても、その不揃いな飼料が飼料ガイド部２１を通るとき、小粒な餌ａの一部は、途中で止まることなく、飼料ガイド部２１の内壁面２１ａとブリッジ防止手段１４間の間隙Ｄを一気にすり抜けて流れ落ち、餌落下パイプ１１を通って落下する一方、他の小粒な餌や大粒の餌ｂの大半は、図７（イ）に示すように、ブリッジ盤３０の天板部３０ａから滑り落ちると、第１調整リング３５の切欠き３１間に有した鍔部３５ａ上にいったん載ってから、同図（ロ）に示すように、切欠き３１を通って下方へ滑り落ち、次いで、第２調整リング４０の切欠き３２間に有した鍔部４０ａ上に載っていったん止まってから、同図（ハ）に示すように更に下方へ滑り落ち、そこで初めて餌落下パイプ１１を通って落下する。また、ブリッジ防止手段１４は、下方の第２調整リング４０に上方の第１調整リング３５の切欠き３１の数より少ない数の切欠き３２を設け、切欠き３２間の鍔部４０ａをより長く形成しているため、図７（Ａ）に示すように、例えば小粒な餌ａの飼料群がブリッジ盤３０の天板部３０ａから、第１調整リング３５の切欠き３１を通って滑り落ちると、その大半は、第２調整リング４０の切欠き３２間に有した鍔部４０ａ上にいったん載って止まってから下方へ滑り落ち、それから餌落下パイプ１１を通って落下する。その結果、図示給餌器では、以上のようにホッパ１０内に投入した飼料が、例え大小粒の不揃いな滑りやすい餌であっても、そのような飼料の如何に関わりなく、それら不揃いな飼料が飼料ガイド部２１を流れ落ちるとき、大半は、一気に流れ落ちるのではなく、ブリッジ防止手段１４の調整リング３５・４０で落下速度を調整して遅らせることによって、下方の底皿１８へ送り出す餌送給量を適量に調整することができる。 On the other hand, in the illustrated feeder, the bridge preventing means 14 has the outer peripheral edges of the upper and lower adjustment rings 35 and 40 provided by shifting the notches 31 and 32 in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral edge on the inner wall surface 21a of the feed guide portion 21, respectively. In order to dispose the bridge board 30 in the same upper and lower frustoconical shape by opening a slight gap D according to the grain size of the granular feed between the inner wall surface 21a and the inner wall surface 21a, Even if the feed fed into the hopper 10 is a large and small irregularly dried second slippery feed, when the irregular feed passes through the feed guide portion 21, a part of the small pellet a is Without stopping in the middle, the gap D between the inner wall surface 21a of the feed guide portion 21 and the bridge prevention means 14 flows through at a stroke and falls through the bait dropping pipe 11, while other small baits and large baits b Most of Figure 7 ( As shown in FIG. 6B, when the slide plate slides down from the top plate portion 30a of the bridge board 30, it is once placed on the flange portion 35a provided between the notches 31 of the first adjustment ring 35, and then as shown in FIG. Then, it slides down through the notch 31 and then rests on the flange 40a provided between the notches 32 of the second adjustment ring 40, and then further down as shown in FIG. And then falls through the bait drop pipe 11 for the first time. Further, the bridge preventing means 14 is provided with notches 32 having a number smaller than the number of the notches 31 of the upper first adjusting ring 35 in the lower second adjusting ring 40 so that the flange portion 40a between the notches 32 is longer. As shown in FIG. 7 (A), for example, when a group of small baits a feeds down from the top plate portion 30a of the bridge board 30 through the notch 31 of the first adjustment ring 35, Most of them are temporarily placed on the collar 40a between the notches 32 of the second adjustment ring 40, stop, slide down, and then fall through the bait dropping pipe 11. As a result, in the illustrated feeder, even if the feed fed into the hopper 10 as described above is a large and small grainy and slippery feed, regardless of such feed, the uneven feed is not. When the feed guide part 21 flows down, most of the feed does not flow down at once, but the feed rate to be fed to the bottom pan 18 is adjusted by adjusting the fall speed with the adjustment rings 35 and 40 of the bridge prevention means 14 and delaying it. It can be adjusted to an appropriate amount.

しかも、図示給餌器において、ブリッジ防止手段１４は、図５でも示すように、上下の調整リング３５・４０を飼料ガイド部２１の内壁面２１ａに近接させ、その内壁面２１ａに合わせて同じ上下逆円錐台状のブリッジ盤３０を飼料ガイド部２１に配設するため、ブリッジ防止手段１４の下方空間、餌落下パイプ１１の内部空間、起動部材１３の内部空間には、飼料が充満されることなく、常に空気層Ｅが形成され、この空気層Ｅにより、湿気が餌排出口２５や起動部材１３下端の餌出口を通って上昇しホッパ１０内へ侵入するのを遮断し、これによって、夜間等の間に湿気が原因で飼料がホッパ１０や餌落下パイプ１１内で膨張して起動部材１３下端の餌出口近傍で詰まるのを防止する。その結果、図示給餌器において、ホッパ１０内の飼料は、途中で詰まって滞ることなく、餌落下パイプ１１を通って落下して底皿１８上へ円滑に送り出すことができ、湿気による餌詰まりが原因で給餌不能になるのを防止することもできる。 Moreover, in the illustrated feeder, as shown in FIG. 5, the bridge prevention means 14 brings the upper and lower adjustment rings 35 and 40 close to the inner wall surface 21a of the feed guide portion 21, and the same upside down according to the inner wall surface 21a. Since the frustoconical bridge board 30 is arranged in the feed guide portion 21, the space below the bridge prevention means 14, the internal space of the bait dropping pipe 11, and the internal space of the starting member 13 are not filled with feed. The air layer E is always formed, and this air layer E blocks moisture from rising through the bait outlet 25 and the bait outlet at the lower end of the activation member 13 and entering the hopper 10, thereby During this period, the feed is prevented from expanding in the hopper 10 or the bait dropping pipe 11 due to moisture and clogging in the vicinity of the bait outlet at the lower end of the starting member 13. As a result, in the illustrated feeder, the feed in the hopper 10 can be dropped through the feed drop pipe 11 and smoothly fed out onto the bottom plate 18 without clogging up in the middle. It can also be prevented from becoming unable to feed due to the cause.

一方、図示給餌器では、使用する飼料を変更したとき、変更飼料中に配合された粒状飼料の粒径サイズにも変更があると、餌量調節手段１６を操作し、変更粒径サイズに合わせて、飼料ガイド部２１の内壁面２１ａとブリッジ防止手段１４の外周間の前記間隙Ｄの隙間量を微調整し、これによって、底皿１８へ送り出す飼料の送給量を微調節する。餌量調節手段１６による微調節時は、図３に示すように、ロックナット４８によるハンドル４６の締付けを緩めてから、把持部４６ａを持って、針部４６ｄが指示するガイド板４７上の目盛５１を見ながら、ハンドル４６を支点部Ｐ１・Ｐ２を支点として回動する。ハンドル４６を回動すると、その回動量に応じて、てこの原理に基づき、支持棒１５が縦向きに長いガイド穴５０の案内で連続的に上下移動し、これに従って、吊り棒１２と一体にブリッジ防止手段１４を上下に微動させて前記間隙Ｄの隙間量を微調整する。この調整後は、ロックナット４８を支持棒１５の雄ねじ部４４に逆向きに螺合し、改めてハンドル４６をホッパ１０に締め付けて固持し、前記間隙Ｄの隙間量の微調整を終える。 On the other hand, in the illustrated feeder, when the feed to be used is changed, if the particle size of the granular feed mixed in the changed feed is also changed, the feed amount adjusting means 16 is operated to match the changed particle size. Thus, the gap amount of the gap D between the inner wall surface 21a of the feed guide portion 21 and the outer periphery of the bridge prevention means 14 is finely adjusted, and thereby the feed amount of the feed fed to the bottom plate 18 is finely adjusted. At the time of fine adjustment by the bait amount adjusting means 16, as shown in FIG. 3, after the handle 46 is tightened by the lock nut 48, the graduation on the guide plate 47 indicated by the needle portion 46d is held by the holding portion 46a. While viewing 51, the handle 46 is rotated about the fulcrum portions P1 and P2. When the handle 46 is rotated, the support bar 15 is continuously moved up and down by the guide of the long guide hole 50 based on the principle of the lever according to the rotation amount, and according to this, integrally with the suspension bar 12. The bridge prevention means 14 is finely moved up and down to finely adjust the gap amount of the gap D. After this adjustment, the lock nut 48 is screwed in the opposite direction to the male threaded portion 44 of the support bar 15, and the handle 46 is fastened and fixed to the hopper 10 again to finish fine adjustment of the gap amount of the gap D.

従って、餌量調節手段１６では、ハンドル４６を回動すると、その回動量に応じて、てこの原理に基づき、支持棒１５は縦向きに長いガイド穴５０の案内で連続的に上下移動する構成であるため、軽いハンドル操作で、前記間隙Ｄの隙間量を無制限に微調整することができ、その結果、飼料の粒径の違いに応じて、前記間隙Ｄの隙間量を自由に微妙に変えて調節することができる。 Therefore, in the bait amount adjusting means 16, when the handle 46 is rotated, the support bar 15 is continuously moved up and down by the guide of the long guide hole 50 based on the lever principle according to the amount of rotation. Therefore, the gap amount of the gap D can be finely adjusted without limitation by a light handle operation. As a result, the gap amount of the gap D can be freely and delicately changed according to the difference in the particle size of the feed. Can be adjusted.

そこで、図示給餌器では、飼料供給中に、ブリッジ防止手段１４の調整リング３５・４０で飼料ガイド部２１を流れ落ちる飼料の落下速度を調整して遅らせ、底皿１８へ送り出す餌送給量を事前に調整してから、底皿１８上へ流れ落すのであって、従来の如く飼料ガイド部２１を飼料がすべて一気に滑るように流れ落ちることがないため、従来の如く餌量調節手段の操作で餌排出口の開口を狭めて餌送給量を少な目に調節すると、餌落下パイプ内に大粒の餌が残って仔豚へ給餌不足になるような問題がなく、反対に、餌排出口の開口を大粒の飼料に合わせて広くして餌送給量を多目に調節すると、餌排出口から飼料が零れ出て、無駄に出過ぎしまうような問題もなく、結果として、使用する飼料の大小粒の不揃い度や滑りの良し悪しなど、飼料の如何に関わらず、底皿１８へ送り出す飼料の送給量を自由に且つ適確に微調整することができる。 Therefore, in the illustrated feeder, the feed feed amount to be sent to the bottom plate 18 is adjusted in advance by adjusting the delay rate of the feed that flows down the feed guide portion 21 with the adjustment rings 35 and 40 of the bridge prevention means 14 during feeding. Since the feed does not flow down all the way through the feed guide portion 21 as in the conventional case, the feed discharge means is operated by the operation of the feed amount adjusting means as in the conventional case. If the opening of the outlet is narrowed and the feed amount is adjusted to a low level, there will be no problem that a large amount of food will remain in the feed drop pipe, resulting in insufficient feeding to the piglet. If the feeding amount is adjusted to be wide according to the feed, the feed will spill out from the feed outlet, and there will be no problem of excessive waste. As a result, the degree of unevenness of the large and small grains of the feed used And good and bad sliding Regardless, it is possible to finely adjust the feeding amount of feed for feeding to the bottom dishes 18 freely and to accurately.

本発明の一例である家畜用給餌器を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the livestock feeder which is an example of this invention. ブリッジ防止手段を、吊り棒、餌落下パイプ、起動部材と共に示す分解斜視図である。It is a disassembled perspective view which shows a bridge | bridging prevention means with a hanging rod, a bait dropping pipe, and an activation member. 餌量調節手段を含むホッパの上部側の構造を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the upper part side of a hopper containing a bait amount adjustment means. 餌量調節手段の分解斜視図である。It is a disassembled perspective view of a bait amount adjustment means. 飼料ガイド部の内壁面とブリッジ防止手段の外周間の間隙を飼料が流れ落ちる状態を示す概略正面図である。It is a schematic front view which shows the state which a feed flows down the clearance gap between the inner wall face of a feed guide part, and the outer periphery of a bridge | bridging prevention means. ホッパの飼料ガイド部内でブリッジ防止手段が左右に揺れ動く状態を示す概略正面図である。It is a schematic front view which shows the state which a bridge | bridging prevention means rocks | fluctuates right and left within the feed guide part of a hopper. （イ）・（ロ）・（ハ）は、大粒な飼料をブリッジ防止手段の調整リングで受けて流れ落ちる速度を調整する状態を段階的に分けて示す概略斜視図、（Ａ）は、小粒な飼料群を下方の調整リングで受けて流れ落ちる速度を調整する状態を示す概略斜視図である。(A), (b) and (c) are schematic perspective views showing a state in which a large amount of feed is received by the adjustment ring of the bridging prevention means and the flow rate is adjusted in stages, and (A) is a small particle It is a schematic perspective view which shows the state which receives the feed group with a lower adjustment ring, and adjusts the speed which flows down. 従来の家畜用給餌器を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the conventional livestock feeder. 従来の家畜用給餌器において、ブリッジ防止作用を説明する縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining the bridge | bridging prevention effect in the conventional livestock feeder. 大小粒の不揃いな自家配合飼料の一例を示す概要図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of a self-compounding feed with large and small grains. （Ａ）は、従来の家畜用給餌器において、餌排出口を狭めて餌送給量を調整したときに給餌不足になった状態を示す縦断面図、（Ｂ）は、餌排出口を広めて餌送給量を調整したときに飼料の出過ぎ状態を示す縦断面図である。(A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a state in which feeding is insufficient when the feeding amount is adjusted by narrowing the feeding outlet in a conventional livestock feeder, and (B) shows a wider feeding outlet. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state where the feed has come out too much when the feed supply amount is adjusted.

Explanation of symbols

Ｄ間隙
ａ・ｂ飼料
１０ホッパ
１１餌落下パイプ
１２吊り棒
１３起動部材
１４ブリッジ防止手段
１５支持棒
１６餌量調節手段
１８底皿
２１飼料ガイド部
２１ａ内壁面
２５餌排出口
３０ブリッジ盤
３１・３２切欠き
３５第１調整リング
４０第２調整リング D Gap a / b Feed 10 Hopper 11 Feed drop pipe 12 Hanging rod 13 Starting member 14 Bridge prevention means 15 Support rod 16 Feed amount adjusting means 18 Bottom plate 21 Feed guide portion 21a Inner wall surface 25 Feed outlet 30 Bridge boards 31 and 32 Notch 35 First adjustment ring 40 Second adjustment ring

Claims

When a starting member is fixed to the lower end of a suspension rod that is suspended by a support rod that is suspended in the hopper, and when the activation member is pushed by the livestock on the bottom plate, the diameter of the hopper gradually decreases downward. The bridge prevention means is moved integrally with the bridge prevention means while the feed is made to flow and dropped and fed to the bottom dish, while the feed amount adjusting means is connected to the support bar, and the feed amount adjustment means A livestock feeder that finely adjusts the amount of feed to be fed to the bottom plate by moving the support rod and finely moving the bridge prevention means up and down integrally with the suspension rod,
The bridge prevention means includes
In accordance with the inner wall surface of the feed guide part, the inverted truncated cone shape is formed, and the bridge board of the main body penetrating and hanging around the suspension bar,
A plurality of notches are provided in the outer peripheral edge at intervals in the circumferential direction, and an upper first adjustment ring wound in a hook shape on the outer periphery of the bridge board;
A second adjustment in which a plurality of notches are provided on the outer peripheral edge with a gap from the notch position of the first adjustment ring at intervals, and wound around the outer periphery of the bridge board below the first adjustment ring. A ring, and
The outer peripheral edges of the upper and lower adjustment rings are respectively brought close to the inner wall surface of the feed guide portion, and a slight gap according to the particle size of the granular feed is opened between the inner wall surface and the bridge board in the feed guide portion. A livestock feeder characterized by being arranged in the above.

In the livestock feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower second adjustment ring is provided with a number of cutouts smaller than the number of cutouts in the upper first adjustment ring. Livestock feeder.

3. The livestock feeder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bridge prevention means is swingably suspended integrally with the suspension bar by the suspension bar.