JP2008256336A - Cold device using ice to be mounted on cold retaining/refrigerating transport vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cold device using ice to be mounted on a cold retaining/refrigerating transport vehicle, utilizing the cold energy of the ice for improving the fuel economy of fossil fuel relating to the refrigerating operation of transport/delivery vehicle and reducing carbon dioxide. <P>SOLUTION: An amount of ice naturally or mechanically made corresponding to the heat load of loadings is stored as a cold source in the cold device in a box where objects to be transported by the cold retaining/refrigerating transport vehicle are stored. The fusion sensible heat and latent heat of the ice are utilized for keeping at least a low temperature of 0-5°C° and a high relative humidity of 80% or more in the box to be transported while maintaining freshness and quality. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

In the present invention, fresh vegetables, fresh seafood, cereals, and processed products thereof are shipped in the cold storage and refrigerated transportation in the distribution stage of transporting and delivering stored products stored at low temperature in the refrigerated warehouse from the shipping base to the consumption area. Keeping the inside of the vehicle at low temperature and high humidity, maintaining freshness and quality, and using ice cold energy to improve fuel economy and reduce carbon dioxide for transportation and delivery vehicle chiller operation The present invention relates to a cooling device using ice mounted on a refrigerated transport vehicle.

Conventionally, most of the vehicles used for transporting fresh vegetables, fresh seafood, cereals, and processed products thereof are refrigerator cars, refrigerator cars, and cold cars. In addition, there are refrigeration, refrigeration and cold storage container vehicles that cannot run on their own. Refrigerated vehicles and refrigerated container vehicles have a freezer with a cooling function and heat insulation, and maintain temperature in the low temperature range of -5 ° C to -50 ° C and the intermediate temperature range of 5 ° C to -5 ° C to serve ice cream, frozen foods, etc. transport. Refrigerated vehicles and refrigerated container vehicles have a cooling function such as a freezer and an insulated freezer, and perform temperature control at 0 ° C to 10 ° C to transport vegetables, fresh fish and shellfish. A humidifier is added in addition to a cooling device such as a refrigerator when transporting fresh vegetables such as fresh vegetables that require low temperature and high humidity to maintain freshness. In general, mechanical cooling using a refrigerator is used as a means for generating cold heat in a freezer car, a freezer container car, a refrigerator car, and a refrigerator container car. There are other methods using liquid nitrogen and cold storage agents, but mainly use heat of fusion and latent heat of vaporization, and its use is limited to small cars and special cases.

Cold storage vehicles and cold storage container vehicles that cannot run on their own do not have a cooling function such as a refrigerator, but have an insulated cold storage. Although it is not possible to lower the product temperature by cooling, fresh vegetables, fresh seafood, and these processed products that have been cooled to low temperatures in advance are used to reduce the temperature rise and prevent freshness deterioration. It is done. Goods to be transported by cold trucks and cold container trucks include vegetables that can be kept fresh at low temperatures, pre-cooled vegetables, ice-packed broccoli, etc. In the case of seafood, they are packed in foamed polystyrene containers with ice. Often transported.

For example, when ferry transporting from fresh vegetables, seafood production areas, or fresh processing areas to remote consumption areas, refrigerated and refrigerated container vehicles are driven by an external power source to store the refrigerator in order to maintain the temperature inside the ferry. The internal temperature is maintained, and energy related to freezing and refrigeration during transportation is required. This leads to an increase in transportation costs and carbon dioxide emissions associated with refrigeration / refrigeration energy consumption. Since the insulated container vehicle does not have a cooling function, the freshness may not be maintained by ferry transportation over a long distance and for a long time.

During land transportation such as transportation and delivery, there is also a risk that the refrigerator will stop and idling temperature will rise due to idling stop during transportation and delivery for the purpose of reducing fuel consumption and environmental measures of refrigerated and refrigerated container vehicles.

Snow rooms and ice rooms that use snow and ice during the winter as a heat source are storage facilities for grains, vegetables, etc., and the storage temperature is 0 ° C to 5 ° C, and the relative humidity is 80% or higher. The freshness of the stored items is maintained. When these stored items are shipped from the snow compartment or ice compartment and transported to the consumption area, they are generally transported by a cold storage vehicle or a cold storage container vehicle. When transported for a long time due to traffic jams, the temperature inside the cabinet rises and the humidity drops. Furthermore, the temperature inside the cabinet rises and the humidity falls due to frequent opening and closing of the cold storage. In this way, even if storage to maintain freshness is performed in the snow room / ice room, the freshness of fresh vegetables, fresh seafood, cereals, and these processed products may be reduced due to the above-mentioned problems during transportation. Therefore, potatoes such as potatoes, carrots, etc. may germinate and impair the value of goods.

Problems to be solved by the invention

The present invention is applied to a refrigerated / refrigerated transport vehicle as a method of distributing fresh vegetables, fresh seafood, grains, and processed products stored in a refrigerated warehouse having a snow room, an ice room, or a mechanical refrigeration apparatus without reducing freshness. The purpose is to provide a cooling device using ice.

When using a cold storage car or a cold container car when shipping fresh vegetables, fresh seafood, cereals, processed products from the snow room or ice room and transporting them to the consumption area, the cold storage has a heat insulating structure, but the cooling device Is not attached. For this reason, there is a risk of damaging the commercial value such as an increase in the internal temperature due to the outside air temperature or the respiratory heat of stored items, a decrease in freshness, germination.

Fresh vegetables, fresh seafood, cereals, processed products of these products are shipped from the snow room or ice room and transported to the consumption area. Can be controlled. However, it is dehumidified by the condenser of the freezer, resulting in a low-humidity atmosphere, the problem of freshness reduction due to drying of fresh vegetables and fresh seafood, the freshness reduction due to idling stop, and the increase in fuel consumption due to the operation of the on-board mechanical refrigerator Solve issues such as carbon dioxide emissions.

When ferry transporting from fresh vegetable production areas, production seafood production areas, fresh processing areas to remote consumption areas, refrigerated container vehicles use external power sources to maintain the temperature inside the ferry. Providing a refrigeration system that does not require any refrigeration.

Means for solving the problem

The present invention for solving the above problems provides the following method.
(1) A method for transporting fresh vegetables, fresh seafood, cereals, and processed products stored in a refrigerated warehouse having a snow room, ice room, or mechanical refrigeration device without reducing the freshness thereof. A method of transporting while maintaining freshness in a high humidity state at a temperature of 0 ° C. to 5 ° C. and a relative humidity of 80% or more by utilizing the latent heat of ice melting, the sensible heat of ice, and the cold heat of the molten water.
(2) In the case of transport using refrigerated vehicles or refrigerated container vehicles that do not have a refrigeration system, in order to prevent a decrease in commercial value such as an increase in the internal temperature due to the outside air temperature or the respiratory heat of stored items, a decrease in freshness, germination, A method that makes it possible to easily maintain the freshness and transportation of cold storage vehicles and cold storage container vehicles by means of ice-cooled devices.
(3) When using a refrigerated vehicle or a refrigerated container vehicle, the refrigerator temperature is installed, so that the internal temperature can be controlled. However, it is dehumidified by the condenser of the refrigerator and the interior becomes a low humidity atmosphere.
In order to control to high humidity, it is necessary to adjust the humidity in the cabinet by providing a humidifier. However, if the air in the cabinet is humidified, frost is formed on the surface of the cooler and the cooling capacity is lowered. Furthermore, in order to remove frost formation on the cooler surface, frost formation is melted intermittently by heating operation. There is a risk of a drop in freshness due to fluctuations in the temperature at the time of frost removal, but it is possible to transport refrigerated vehicles and refrigerated container vehicles with low temperature and high humidity by using a cooling device using ice. how to.
(4) When ferry transporting from fresh vegetables, fresh seafood production areas, fresh processing areas to remote consumption areas, refrigerated container vehicles use an external power source, but do not require an external power source. A method that enables refrigerated container trucks to be kept fresh and transported easily by a refrigeration system using ice. In addition, it reduces fuel consumption of refrigerated container vehicles during land transportation such as transportation and delivery, and prevents a decrease in freshness due to idling stop during transportation and delivery for the purpose of environmental measures, improving transportation fuel consumption and reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Cooling method for refrigeration using reduced ice.

Next, the present invention will be described using examples. However, the dimensions, capacities, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in the embodiments are limited to the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified. It is not a gist but merely an illustrative example.
The ice-cooling apparatus using ice according to the present invention is used by being mounted together with a load in a cold storage / refrigerated container vehicle. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a cooling system using ice. In the figure, 1 is an ice bowl for storing ice used for cooling, and ice for the amount of latent heat of fusion corresponding to the heat load of fresh vegetables, fresh seafood, grains, and processed products loaded in the same cabinet. The container is transported while maintaining a low temperature of 0 ° C. to 5 ° C. and a high humidity of 80% or higher relative humidity. A fan unit 4 for heat exchange is installed on the upper surface of the ice cup, and the fan performs forced heat exchange when the representative temperature or the upper face temperature of the cup exceeds 5 ° C. The operating temperature of the blower unit can be selected from the temperature of the top surface of the ice tub, the air in the cabinet at any place, the temperature of the load, and the like, and can be arbitrarily set at 5 ° C to 0 ° C. The side surface of the ice cup is meshed to facilitate heat exchange with the air in the cabinet. When the blower unit is stopped, heat exchange is performed by natural convection from the meshed side surface and the top surface of the ice. The ice melts according to the heat load, and the melted water is stored in the water storage tank 2. The water storage tank 2 has a volume that can be stored even when the total amount of ice stored is melted. The surface of the water storage tank 2 is heat-insulated to prevent condensation. The scattering prevention plate 5 prevents the molten water from scattering from the net-like side surface and prevents the load from getting wet. Further, an overflow prevention plate 6 is provided to prevent overflow of melt from the melt tank 2 due to vibration or shaking of the vehicle during transportation.
The blower unit 4 uses the blower power storage battery 3 as a power source, and it is not necessary to supply power from the outside such as a vehicle drive system and a power supply system. When storing ice in the ice cup, remove the blower unit and add the required amount of ice. When the refrigeration apparatus is installed in a cold storage / refrigerated container, a transportation stand 7 is provided that can be easily transported by a lift truck or the like. A water distribution pipe 8 with a valve for draining water accumulated in the water storage tank during transportation is provided.
The ice to be stored can be natural ice, machine ice, or the like, and can be snow ice stored in the ice room or snow room during the winter. Furthermore, as shown in Japanese Patent No. 3617629 (air conditioning system and air conditioning method), ice making using low temperature outside air in winter and mechanical ice making using midnight power can be used.

In the present invention, a cooling device using ice is loaded in a cold storage container container with fresh vegetables, fresh seafood, grains, processed products, etc., so that freshness can be improved from storage in the production area to consumption areas. Transportation is possible while maintaining. Since the internal temperature is controlled in the range of 0 ° C to 5 ° C, for example, fresh vegetables and the like are not frozen and can be maintained in a high humidity state with a relative humidity of 80% or more, so the freshness can be maintained. is there. Furthermore, it is effective in suppressing germination of potatoes such as potatoes and carrots, and there is little risk of impairing commercial value. When the internal heat load or the outside air temperature is high, the amount of ice in the cooling system can be increased or a plurality of cooling devices can be loaded to cope with differences in the amount of load and seasonal weather conditions. The water in the water storage tank will be used as a cold heat source during ferry transport, etc., and drained outside the warehouse during land transport to reduce the transport load weight. This makes it possible to reduce carbon dioxide and achieve low fuel consumption.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
(1) Test method As test materials, 2 tons of potatoes and 2 tons of onions used in a snow and ice warehouse (storage temperature of 5 ° C. or less and stored at a relative humidity of 80%) utilizing Patent No. 3617629 were used. A cold storage container (40 feet) is loaded with a heat storage device containing 800 kg of the test material and ice, and ferry flights from Tomakomai Port, Hokkaido to Oarai Port, Ibaraki Prefecture, and land transport from Oarai Port to Tokyo, During the period, the weight change of the potato was measured as confirmation of the internal temperature, internal humidity, and freshness maintenance. The time required for transporting cold storage containers from the Tomakomai Port in Hokkaido to the Akishima City Market in Tokyo is 45 hours.

As shown in FIG. 2, the internal temperature during the transportation period is maintained at about 2 ° C. Even under conditions where the outside air temperature is less than 8 ° C during ferry transportation, the inside temperature is maintained at 2 ° C, and even at outside air temperature of 13 ° C during transportation inside Tokyo, it can be maintained at 2 ° C. The relative humidity is also 80% or more, and the low temperature and high humidity conditions as expected can be maintained during the transportation period.

FIG. 3 shows changes in the weight of the potato during the transportation period. The test potatoes used three sets of test materials to measure the change in weight before and after transportation. Since the temperature and humidity in the cabinet during transportation were maintained at low temperature and high humidity conditions, the potato was not dried, there was no significant change in weight, and the freshness was maintained.

The method for maintaining and transporting freshness using the cold heat of ice according to the present invention provides fresh vegetables, fresh seafood, cereals, and processed products using these in a low temperature of 0 ° C. to 5 ° C. and a high humidity of 80% or higher relative humidity. In comparison with mechanical cooling methods using a refrigerator that is generally used, ice produced by natural energy and ice produced by inexpensive energy such as midnight power are used. By doing so, low-temperature transportation and high-humidity transportation can be easily performed. In particular, as a transportation method that can be provided to consumption areas while maintaining the freshness during production, such as fresh vegetables, the cost of the cold heat source is low and carbon dioxide emissions are low. It has a special effect that makes it possible to provide freshness, high-quality food and food.

Explanation of symbols

1
1 Icecup
2 water tank
3 Batteries for blower unit
4 Blower units
5 Anti-scattering plate
6 Overflow prevention plate
7 Transport stand
8 Distribution pipe with valve
▲ 1 ▼ Internal temperature
▲ 2 ▼ Outside air temperature
▲ 3 ▼ Outside air humidity
▲ 4 ▼ Humidity inside the chamber
A Waiting period at Tomakomai Ferry Port after loading in container (6 hours)
B ferry travel period (24 hours)
C Waiting period after arrival at Oarai Ferry Port (8 hours)
D Land transport from Oarai to Akishima City, Tokyo (7 hours)

Claims (4)

Cold storage and use of fresh vegetables, fresh seafood, cereals, processed products using these in a cold storage including ice compartments and snow compartments. In order to maintain the freshness and quality of the load transported by the refrigerated transport vehicle, natural ice and machine ice can be used as the heat source in the warehouse where the transported product of the refrigerated / refrigerated transport vehicle is accommodated to the heat load of the load. This amount is stored in a refrigeration unit, and by using the melting latent heat and sensible heat of these ices, at least the inside of the chamber is kept at a low temperature of 0 ° C. to 5 ° C., the relative humidity is kept at a high humidity of 80% or more, and the freshness is maintained. A device that enables transportation while maintaining quality. The refrigeration unit stores natural ice stored in an ice bowl, ice that corresponds to the heat load using mechanical ice as a refrigeration source, and is installed and transported in a warehouse that holds the transported goods of a refrigerated / refrigerated transport vehicle. During the delivery, the inside of the storage is maintained at a low temperature of 0 ° C. to 5 ° C. and a high relative humidity of 80% or more by heat exchange between the air and ice in the storage. Specifically, the fan unit for adjusting the internal temperature of the ice cup has a storage battery temperature of 0 ° C. to 5 ° C. according to the temperature value detected by the internal temperature detector using the storage battery installed in the ice cup as a power source. Operate the blower arbitrarily in the range to perform forced heat exchange between ice and air in the cabinet. When the internal temperature reaches the required temperature, the blower stops and the ice and internal air exchange heat by natural convection. In order to promote efficient forced convection heat exchange and natural convection heat exchange between ice and air in the cabinet, the side surface of the ice ridge is mesh-like, allowing easy heat exchange between the air inside the cabinet and ice. As a result, the water vapor pressure in the air in the cabinet increases, and the relative humidity increases. The cooling device is a water storage tank that stores melted water that is melted by heat exchange of ice, a blower unit that adjusts the internal temperature, a storage battery for the blower unit, and the melted water from the ice bowl is fresh vegetables, fresh seafood, grains, It is equipped with a splash prevention plate that prevents it from splashing on loads such as processed products using these, and an overflow prevention plate for preventing molten water from overflowing from the water storage tank due to vibration or shaking of the vehicle during transportation. It has. When the refrigeration system is installed in the storage room of the cold storage / refrigerated transport vehicle, a transport stand that can be easily transported and installed by a lift vehicle or the like is installed. After loading into the cabinet, it is fixed with a wire or the like. Molten water stored in the water tank during transportation and delivery is discharged outside the warehouse by a water pipe with a valve. Furthermore, the on-board weight during transportation decreases with time. Furthermore, the temperature of the molten water is 0 ° C. or higher, and the device is characterized in that it has a structure that can prevent dew condensation on the surface wall of the water storage tank when outside air enters by opening and closing the cabinet door. The cooling / heating device is adapted to the necessary heat quantity estimated from the weight, specific heat, transport time, and outside air temperature of transported goods such as fresh vegetables, fresh seafood, grains, processed products using these, etc. An apparatus characterized by adjusting the amount of ice stored in the ice cup, or by loading a single cooling unit or a plurality of cooling / cooling units in the cabinet to maintain the temperature and humidity during transportation / delivery at the above values.

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