JP2008255244A - Apparatus for cooling carbonized product - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for cooling a carbonized product, having countermeasure for preventing rapid combustion even at the emergency shutdown of a carbonization installation, and a safety measure at the time of the occurrence of fast combustion. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus for cooling the carbonized product comprises a carbonization installation for producing the carbonized product, a cooler for cooling the carbonized product produced by the carbonization installation while conveying the carbonized product, and a conveying passage arranged between the carbonization installation and the cooler and for conveying the carbonized product produced by the carbonization installation to the cooler. The apparatus for cooling the carbonized product also has a blocking means for automatically or manually blocking the flow of a gas from the conveying passage to the cooler, a detecting means for detecting the blocking by the blocking means, a steam-charging means for charging steam from the upstream side of the cooler to the downstream side, and a safety valve for releasing the inner pressure when the inner pressure of the cooler becomes prescribed pressure or higher, and steam is charged by the steam-charging means when the blocking by the blocking means is detected by the detecting means. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a carbide cooling device, and more particularly to a carbide cooling device provided with measures for preventing rapid combustion of carbides and safety measures when rapid combustion of carbides occurs.

  Conventionally, in order to produce carbide, a carbonization furnace has been mainly used. For example, a combustible solid material containing volatile matter such as biomass and fixed carbon content is charged into the carbonization furnace, and the fixed carbon content is obtained by heating. Carbide containing a large amount can be obtained. In addition to high temperature, the carbide after heating has a self-igniting property, so that it may ignite when stored as it is.

  Furthermore, when the carbonization in the carbonization furnace is insufficient, a carbide containing a large amount of volatile matter is produced, and the more the volatile matter is, the easier it is to ignite spontaneously.

Therefore, it is common practice to cool the produced carbide by spraying water.
As such a cooling technique, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses an apparatus for spraying humidified water onto carbides, and Patent Document 2 discloses a transfer unit of a discharge conveyor for discharging carbides from a carbonization furnace as a water cooling jacket. An apparatus is disclosed that cools the carbide being transported as a structure and sprays the carbide with water to cool it.

JP 2005-336293 A JP-A-11-269466

  However, when the carbide is sprayed and cooled as in the devices disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, it is necessary to spray a large amount of water in order to cool the carbide to a desired temperature. The rate will be high.

  When the moisture content of the carbide is high, the calorie loss due to the evaporation of moisture increases when the carbide is used as fuel, and the adsorption performance decreases when it is used as activated carbon. Moreover, the transport efficiency of the carbide is deteriorated when the carbide is used for any purpose.

  Further, for example, when the carbonization facility is stopped urgently, the inside of the carbonization facility needs to be purged with an inert gas such as steam or nitrogen. A mixed gas of inert gas such as nitrogen and combustible gas generated during carbonization in the carbonization facility flows out to the cooler. The mixed gas flowing out to the cooler is cooled in the cooler and water vapor is condensed to increase the ratio of combustible gas in the mixed gas. Therefore, if there is a fire in the cooler, rapid combustion will occur.

  Accordingly, in view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a carbide cooling device provided with measures for preventing rapid combustion even at the time of an emergency stop of a carbonization facility, and safety measures when rapid combustion of carbide occurs. With the goal.

In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention,
Carbonization equipment for producing carbide, a cooler for cooling while conveying the carbide produced in the carbonization equipment, and the carbide produced in the carbonization equipment disposed between the carbonization equipment and the cooler in the cooler. In the carbide cooling device having a transfer passage to be transferred, a shut-off means for automatically or manually shutting off the gas flow from the transfer passage to the cooler, a detection means for detecting the shut-off of the shut-off means, and the cooling A steam injection means for introducing steam from the upstream side to the downstream side of the machine, and a safety valve for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure of the cooler exceeds a specified pressure, and the detection means detects the interruption by the interruption means In this case, steam is fed from the steam feeding means.

By providing a shut-off means for automatically or manually shutting off the gas flow from the transfer passage to the cooler, for example, when purging the carbonization facility at the time of an emergency stop of the carbonization facility, the carbonization facility to the cooler through the transfer passage It is possible to prevent the combustible gas from flowing out.
As the blocking means, for example, a slide gate capable of opening and closing the transfer passage can be used.

  Further, by introducing steam into the cooler when the shut-off by the shut-off means is detected, even when the shut-off means does not operate normally and flammable gas flows out from the carbonization facility, In addition to preventing the combustible gas from concentrating in the cooler, it is possible to prevent the combustible gas from staying in the cooler.

  Furthermore, even when rapid combustion occurs in the cooler, damage to the cooler can be prevented by providing a safety valve.

Further, the blocking means is provided in a multistage shape on the transfer passage outlet side.
Thus, the interruption | blocking capability increases by providing multiple interruption | blocking means.

Further, the inlet of the steam input means to the cooler is located upstream of the transfer passage outlet portion opened in the cooler.
Accordingly, the combustible gas flowing into the cooler from the transfer passage outlet can be swept away by the steam to the cooler downstream side, so that the effect of preventing the concentration and retention of the combustible gas is enhanced.

Furthermore, the detection means is a detection means that works in conjunction with a sensor that detects a malfunction of the carbonization facility, and when the malfunction that requires an emergency stop of the carbonization facility is detected by the sensor, the detection means automatically It is characterized by blocking gas flow.
Thus, when an emergency stop of the carbonization facility is necessary, the gas flow is automatically shut off by the shut-off means, thereby preventing a human error such as forgetting the shut-off by the shut-off means at the time of emergency stop of the carbonization equipment. it can.

Further, in parallel with the steam inlet, there is provided a gas input means for supplying an inert gas or low oxygen gas from the upstream side to the downstream side of the cooler, and the cooler is driven while the gas is supplied from the gas input means. It is characterized by that.
In this way, by introducing the inert gas or the low oxygen gas even during normal driving of the cooler, it is possible to prevent flammable gas from staying in the cooler and to prevent generation of fire types in the cooler.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a carbide cooling device provided with measures for preventing rapid combustion even at the time of an emergency stop of a carbonization facility, and safety measures when rapid combustion of carbide occurs.

  Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified, but are merely illustrative examples. Not too much.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a carbide manufacturing apparatus including the carbide cooling device of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a carbonized kiln. The carbonized kiln 1 includes a rotary drum 2, an outer cylinder 3 whose inner peripheral surface is covered with a refractory material 4, an outer peripheral surface of the rotary drum 2, and an inner peripheral surface of the refractory material 4. It is mainly composed of a heating chamber 5 formed therebetween. Further, 6 is a raw material supply hopper, 7a and 7b are raw material slide gates that can open and close the passage of the raw material supply hopper 6, 8 is a raw material supply conveyor, 9 is a carbide discharge chute, 10a and 10b are the carbide discharge chute 9 A carbide slide gate capable of opening and closing the passage, 11 is an emergency slide gate provided downstream of the carbide slide gates 10a and 10B and capable of opening and closing the passage of the carbide discharge chute 9, 12 and 13 are carbide cooling conveyors, 14 is The explosion-proof device includes an explosion-proof door 15 that functions as a safety valve.

  In the carbide manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, the supply amount of combustible solids including volatile components such as biomass and fixed carbon components supplied to the raw material supply hopper 6 and fixed carbon components is controlled using the raw material slide gates 7a and 7b. Alternatively, when it is difficult to control the supply amount with the raw material slide gates 7a and 7b, the combustible solids whose supply amount is controlled in advance are supplied into the rotary drum 2 forming the carbonization furnace 1 with the raw material supply conveyor 8. To do.

  Here, the raw material slide gates 7a and 7b are double gates in order to reduce contact between the inside of the rotary drum 2 forming the carbonized kiln 1 and the outside air. When the raw material is fed into the raw material supply hopper 6, the raw material continuously fed into the raw material supply hopper 6 falls onto the raw material slide gate 7a with both the raw material slide gates 7a and 7b closed. Next, the raw material slide gate 7a is opened while the raw material slide gate 7b is closed, and the raw material is dropped onto the raw material slide gate 7b. After that, the raw material slide gate 7a is closed, and then the raw material slide gate 7b is opened and the raw material is dropped onto the raw material supply conveyor 8, so that the raw material remains with little contact between the inside of the rotary drum 2 forming the carbonized kiln 1 and the outside air. Can be supplied to the rotary drum 2 forming the carbonized kiln 1 via the raw material supply conveyor 8.

  The rotating drum 2 is provided with an outer cylinder 3 whose inner peripheral surface is covered with a refractory material 4 on the outer periphery of a portion other than both ends, and between the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum 2 and the inner peripheral surface of the refractory material 4. A heating chamber 5 is formed. The inside of the rotating drum 2 is heated by passing a heating medium such as combustion gas through the heating chamber 5 and transferring the heat to the rotating drum 2.

  The raw material supplied into the rotary drum 2 from the raw material supply conveyor 8 is transferred while being stirred from the raw material supply conveyor 8 side to the carbide discharge chute 9 side when the rotary drum 2 rotates, It is heated by indirect heating from the heating chamber 5 and carbonized to become carbide, and dropped from the carbide discharge chute 9 to one end side of the carbide cooling conveyor 12.

  The carbide discharge chute 9 is provided with double carbide slide gates 10a and 10b for reducing the contact between the inside of the rotary drum 2 forming the carbonized kiln 1 and the outside air. First, with both the carbide slide gates 10a and 10b closed, the carbide continuously discharged from the carbonized kiln 1 falls onto the carbide slide gate 10a. Thereafter, the carbide slide gate 10a is opened while the carbide slide gate 10b is closed, so that the carbide falls onto the carbide slide gate 10b. Thereafter, the carbide slide gate 10a is closed and then the carbide slide gate 10b is opened, so that the carbide falls onto the carbide cooling conveyor 12. By providing the carbide slide gates 10a and 10B in this way, the carbide is dropped to one end side of the carbide cooling conveyor 12 through the carbide discharge chute 9 with little contact between the inside of the rotary drum 2 forming the carbonized kiln 1 and the outside air. can do.

The carbide cooling conveyors 12 and 13 are indirect cooling type screw conveyors, and have a structure in which cooling water can flow through the screw conveyor casing and the screw.
The carbide falling on the carbide cooling conveyor 12 is indirectly cooled by the water passed through the screw conveyor casing and the screw while being transferred by the carbide cooling conveyors 12 and 13, and stored in the carbide storage container 18. Shipped after.

  Thus, during the normal operation of the carbide production apparatus, the inside of the rotary drum 2 forming the carbonized kiln 1 is composed of the raw material slide gates 7a and 7b on the upstream side and the carbide slide gates 10a and 10b on the downstream side. The carbide cooling conveyors 12 and 13 on the downstream side of the carbide slide gate 10b are open to the atmosphere. That is, the carbide is in contact with the outside air in the carbide cooling conveyors 12 and 13.

  Further, as a characteristic configuration of the present invention, an emergency slide gate 11 capable of opening and closing the passage of the carbide discharge chute 9 is provided at a position in the discharge chute 9 and downstream of the carbide slide gates 10a and 10b. Yes. In the first embodiment, only one emergency slide gate 11 is provided, but a plurality of emergency slide gates 11 may be provided in multiple stages.

  In the case where an emergency slide gate is not provided, for example, when the carbide production device is urgently stopped due to equipment troubles such as the carbonized kiln 1, the inside of the carbonized kiln 1 must be purged with an inert gas such as steam or nitrogen. During the purge, the rotary drum 2 forming the carbonized kiln 1 has a positive pressure, so that the mixed gas of the steam used for the purge and the combustible gas generated during the carbonization in the carbonized kiln 1 passes through the carbide discharge chute 9 to form a carbide. It will flow out to the cooling conveyors 12 and 13.

  When the mixed gas flows out to the carbide cooling conveyors 12 and 13, the mixed gas is cooled by the carbide cooling conveyors 12 and 13, and water vapor in the mixed gas is condensed, and the ratio of the combustible gas in the mixed gas is increased. As described above, the carbide cooling conveyors 12 and 13 are open to the atmosphere and there is sufficient oxygen to increase the possibility of rapid combustion. However, the emergency slide gate 11 is provided, By closing the emergency slide gate 11 and shutting off the passage of the discharge chute 9 at the time of an emergency stop, the mixed gas can be prevented from flowing out to the carbide cooling conveyors 12 and 13, and rapid combustion can be prevented.

  Furthermore, as a characteristic configuration of the present invention, a steam supply line 17 capable of supplying steam to the carbide cooling conveyor 12 is provided, and when the emergency slide gate 11 is closed, steam is supplied to the carbide cooling conveyor 12. I am trying to supply. The supply of water vapor is provided with detection means for detecting the interruption of the discharge chute 9 by the emergency slide gate, and the water vapor is automatically supplied based on the detection result of the detection means.

By supplying water vapor into the carbide cooling conveyor 12 in this manner, for example, even when the emergency slide gate 11 does not operate normally, it is possible to prevent the combustible gas from concentrating in the carbide cooling conveyor 12. It is possible to prevent flammable gas from staying.
In addition, during normal operation of the carbide production facility, the moisture content of the carbide increases, so that steam is not supplied.

Further, as a characteristic configuration of the present invention, the carbide cooling conveyor 12 is provided with an explosion-proof device 14 including an explosion-proof door 15 that functions as a safety valve that releases the internal pressure when the internal pressure of the carbide cooling conveyor 12 exceeds a specified pressure. ing. The prescribed pressure defines a pressure that does not damage the carbide cooling conveyor 12.
By providing the explosion-proof device 14 having the explosion-proof door 15 functioning as a safety valve in this way, the carbide cooling conveyor 12 can also be filled with steam from the emergency slide gate 11 and the steam input line 17 at the time of an emergency stop of the carbide manufacturing facility. Even when rapid combustion cannot be prevented, damage to the carbide cooling conveyor 12 can be prevented.

  Further, even during normal operation of the carbide production device, the low-carbonized carbide produced due to, for example, the production of the carbonized kiln 1 at a low temperature contains a large amount of volatile matter (combustible gas). When a carbide containing a large amount of such a combustible gas is generated, when the carbide is introduced into the carbide cooling conveyors 12 and 13 through the discharge chute 9, the carbide is cooled in the carbide cooling conveyors 12 and 13 to generate the combustible gas. As described above, the carbide cooling conveyors 12 and 13 are open to the atmosphere and sufficient oxygen is present, which may cause rapid combustion. Rapid combustion causes an increase in temperature, which increases the volume of gas in the carbide cooling conveyors 12 and 13 due to thermal expansion, thus increasing the pressure. Even in such a case, the carbide cooling conveyor 12 can be prevented from being damaged by providing the explosion-proof device 14 including the explosion-proof door 15 that functions as a safety valve.

2 is a cross-sectional view of the explosion-proof device 14, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG. The explosion-proof device 14 mainly includes a safety valve duct 140 and an explosion-proof door 15, and is provided on a notch 12 a provided on the carbide cooling conveyor 12. In the explosion-proof door 15, the valve body 151 closes the notch 12 a provided in the carbide cooling conveyor 12 during normal operation, and a gap between the valve body 151 and the carbide cooling conveyor 12 is sealed with a gland packing 152. The valve body 151 is arranged so as to be rotatable about a shaft 153.
In addition, since the above-mentioned rapid combustion is easy to generate | occur | produce immediately after combustible gas and external air touch, it is necessary to provide the said notch part 12a and the explosion-proof device 14 as upstream as possible of the carbide cooling conveyor 12. FIG.

  When the pressure in the carbide cooling conveyor 12 rises and exceeds a specified value due to the rapid combustion described above, the valve body 151 rotates around the shaft 153 against the weight of the valve body 151 by the internal pressure of the carbide cooling conveyor 12. Open by moving. As a result, the pressure in the carbide cooling conveyor 12 can be lowered, and combustible gas can be discharged out of the system.

The specified value is not particularly limited but can be set, for example, as a pressure casing is not deformed carbide cooling conveyor 12 100 mm H 2 _O and.
The predetermined pressure can be adjusted by the weight of the valve body 151.

  Furthermore, as a characteristic configuration of the present invention, a nitrogen charging line 16 for supplying nitrogen gas into the carbide cooling conveyor 12 is provided, and nitrogen gas is constantly supplied into the carbide cooling conveyor 12 during normal operation of the carbide manufacturing facility. . As a result, for example, combustible gas released from carbide that is insufficiently carbonized is prevented from convection in the carbide cooling conveyor 12 and fire is prevented from being generated in the carbide cooling conveyor 12.

  It can be used as a carbide cooling device equipped with measures to prevent rapid combustion even during an emergency stop of carbonization equipment and safety measures in the event of rapid combustion of carbide.

It is a schematic block diagram showing the carbide manufacturing apparatus provided with the carbide cooling device of this invention. It is sectional drawing of an explosion-proof device. It is the A section enlarged view in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Carbide kiln 2 Rotating drum 5 Heating chamber 9 Carbide discharge chute 10a, 10b Carbide slide gate 11 Emergency slide gate 12, 13 Carbide cooling conveyor 14 Explosion-proof device 15 Explosion-proof door

Claims (5)

Carbonization equipment for producing carbide, a cooler for cooling while conveying the carbide produced in the carbonization equipment, and the carbide produced in the carbonization equipment disposed between the carbonization equipment and the cooler in the cooler. In a carbide cooling device having a transfer passage for transferring,
Blocking means for automatically or manually blocking gas flow from the transfer passage to the cooler;
Detecting means for detecting blocking of the blocking means;
Steam input means for supplying steam from the upstream side to the downstream side of the cooler;
A safety valve that opens the internal pressure when the internal pressure of the cooler is equal to or higher than a specified pressure,
The carbide cooling apparatus, wherein when the detection means detects the interruption by the interruption means, steam is supplied from the steam input means.   2. The carbide cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the blocking means is provided in a multi-stage shape on the outlet side of the transfer passage.   3. The carbide cooling device according to claim 1, wherein an input port to the cooler of the steam input means is located upstream of a transfer passage outlet portion opened in the cooler. 4.   The detection means is a detection means that works in conjunction with a sensor that detects a malfunction of the carbonization facility, and when the malfunction is detected by the sensor that requires an emergency stop of the carbonization facility, gas is automatically passed by the shut-off means. The carbide cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the flow is interrupted.   In parallel with the steam inlet, there is provided a gas input means for supplying an inert gas or a low oxygen gas from the upstream side to the downstream side of the cooler, and the cooler is driven while the gas is supplied from the gas input means. The carbide cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

Images