JP2008252256A - Radio transmitter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve a radio transmitter capable of suppressing leakage power of an adjacent channel while maintaining quality by calculating a peak suppression signal based on the requested quality for each subcarrier. <P>SOLUTION: In the radio transmitter, a modulation method is selected for each channel so as to map a modulated modulation signal for each subcarrier, and the mapped signal is amplified by a transmission amplifier after inverse Fourier transformation. The radio transmitter comprises: a scheduler 20 for calculating a permissible error value of power for each subcarrier based on transmission power for each subcarrier; a correction signal generation part 18 for generating a correction signal in order to correct input/output characteristics of the transmission amplifier based on the signal after the inverse Fourier conversion; and a correction part 5 for weighting the correction signal for each subcarrier based on the permissible error value so as to correct the input/output characteristics of the transmission amplifier using the signal after weighting. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a wireless transmission device in a wireless communication system employing an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system, and more particularly to a wireless transmission device that performs peak suppression.

  In recent years, the OFDM method has attracted attention as a communication method with high frequency efficiency. As a method for performing multiple access, there is a multiplexing method called OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) in which a plurality of channels are mapped on the frequency axis and transmitted by the OFDM method.

  In the OFDM method, since a large number of symbols are multiplexed, the transmission waveform has a Gaussian distribution, and the peak-to-average power ratio is large. This increases the possibility of distortion due to the input / output characteristics of the transmission amplifier. When distortion occurs due to the input / output characteristics of the transmission amplifier, adjacent channel leakage power is generated, and modulation accuracy is also degraded. For this reason, it is necessary to take a large back-off of the transmission amplifier, and the efficiency of the transmission amplifier is lowered.

In order to solve this problem, for example, techniques disclosed in the following Patent Documents 1 to 3 are disclosed. In the wireless transmitter described in Patent Document 1 below, the transmission signal mapped on the frequency axis by the S / P (serial parallel conversion unit) is subjected to IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) to transmit the time domain transmission signal. Convert to S (t). The peak extraction unit, the transmission signal S (t) is compared with a predetermined peak threshold E _th, when the transmission signal S (t) exceeds E _th outputs the difference between E _th, if less than zero Is output. That is, the peak detector, for the signal portion exceeding a peak threshold E _th (time portion) outputs (S (t) -Eth) exp [j {arg (S (t))}], peak threshold E _th Zero is output for signal parts that do not exceed. The output of the peak extraction unit represents a signal component exceeding the peak threshold E _th in the transmission signal S (t) in the time domain. Note that arg (z) represents the phase angle of the complex number z.

The fast Fourier transform unit performs fast Fourier transform on the signal output from the peak extraction unit, and converts the signal into a plurality of signals in the frequency domain. This conversion is also called OFDM demodulation. A signal that exceeds the threshold E _{th in the} time domain is converted into a signal in the frequency domain by signal conversion by the fast Fourier transform unit. The subtracting unit subtracts the frequency domain signal thus derived from each transmission signal, thereby suppressing the amplitude of the signal in the time domain.

  In the technique described in Patent Document 2 below, correction is performed by feeding back the output of the amplifier and multiplying the signal due to the characteristics of the transmission amplifier by the signal before IFFT. In this technology, in order to correct the nonlinearity of the output of the amplifier, the input signal is corrected in a direction in which the output is saturated in a portion where the output is saturated, and the characteristics of the amplifier are made close to ideal. That is, non-linear distortion is corrected by performing control opposite to peak suppression.

  Further, in the technique described in Patent Document 3 below, a filter is used to perform a peak power suppression signal at a frequency with low transmission quality, and no peak power suppression is performed at a frequency with high transmission quality. In this way, the peak-to-average power ratio is suppressed while preventing deterioration of the quality of the transmission signal.

JP 2005-322998 A JP 2005-86440 A JP 2006-115096 A

  In OFDM, types of data such as pilot signals, user data, and control information are mapped to subcarriers. Of these, pilot signals are signals for demodulation, and must be transmitted with higher accuracy than the data portion. There is. In addition, since the control information is transmitted by modulation resistant to transmission errors such as BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying), the allowable range for transmission errors is wider than that of user data and pilot signals.

  Furthermore, in OFDMA, a plurality of user channels are mapped to frequencies and transmitted. Since the modulation method, error correction coding rate, transmission power, and the like are different for each user, the required modulation accuracy is different for each channel.

  However, according to the above-described conventional technique, peak suppression is performed without considering the data type, transmission power different for each user, coding rate, modulation method, etc., so an unnecessarily high quality channel, There was a problem that a channel with insufficient quality occurred.

  Further, according to the method for generating a peak suppression signal as shown in Patent Document 1, it is performed with a simple threshold that does not depend on the distortion characteristics of the transmission amplifier, and the characteristics of the transmission amplifier cannot be corrected correctly. The reduction of out-of-band power, which is the purpose of, has not necessarily been achieved.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and calculates the peak suppression signal for each subcarrier based on the required quality, and can suppress adjacent channel leakage power while ensuring the quality. An object is to obtain a transmission device.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the present invention selects a modulation method for each channel, maps the modulated signal for each subcarrier, performs inverse Fourier transform on the mapped signal, and then transmits the amplifier. A wireless transmission apparatus that amplifies and transmits the transmission amplifier based on the transmission power for each channel, the control means for calculating an allowable error value of power for each subcarrier, and the transmission amplifier based on the signal after the inverse Fourier transform Correction signal generation means for generating a correction signal for correcting the input / output characteristics of the signal, weighting the correction signal for each subcarrier based on the allowable error value, and using the weighted signal, Correction means for correcting the output characteristics.

  According to the present invention, an allowable error value is obtained for each subcarrier, the magnitude of the correction signal can be adjusted for each subcarrier, and the correction signal is generated based on the input output characteristics of the transmission amplifier. Therefore, it is possible to optimize the power ratio of the peak suppression signal for each subcarrier, perform correction with high accuracy, and suppress the adjacent channel leakage power.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a wireless transmission device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of an embodiment of a wireless transmission device according to the present invention. In the present embodiment, a base station apparatus will be described as an example of a radio transmission apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the base station apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a data buffer 1 in which transmission information is stored, and an error correction encoding unit 2 that performs error correction encoding such as a turbo code or a convolutional code on transmission data. The symbol modulation unit 3 that modulates the bit sequence for each user of the output of the error correction coding unit 2 and the bit sequence of the broadcast information, and the symbols and pilot symbols that are the output of the symbol modulation unit 3 are mapped to subcarriers A subcarrier mapping unit 4 and a correction unit 5 that corrects each symbol mapped to the subcarrier and suppresses the peak are provided.

  Furthermore, the base station apparatus according to the present embodiment includes an IDFT unit 6 that converts the output of the correction unit 5 into an IDFT (Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform) and converts the output of the IDFT unit 6 into a parallel serial. A conversion unit (P / S) 7, a GI (guard interval) insertion unit 8 that inserts a guard interval into the output of P / S 7, and a DAC (Digital to Analog Converter) 9 that converts the output of the GI insertion unit 8 from digital to analog And a mixer 10 that upconverts the output of the DAC 9 to the carrier frequency, a transmission amplifier 11 that amplifies the upconverted signal, and an antenna 12 that radiates the output of the transmission amplifier in the air.

  Furthermore, the base station apparatus of the present embodiment includes a coupler 13 for monitoring the output of the transmission amplifier 11, a mixer 14 for down-converting the output of the coupler 13, and an oscillator 15 for generating a sine wave to be supplied to the mixer. , ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) 16 for analog-digital conversion of the down-converted signal, transmission amplifier error characteristic identification unit 17 for identifying the characteristics of the transmission amplifier from the output of ADC 16 and the input signal to DAC 9, and the identified transmission amplifier The signal is transmitted from the data buffer, the correction signal generation unit 18 that generates a correction signal for each subcarrier, the pilot signal generation unit 19 that generates a pilot signal that becomes a reference signal at the time of demodulation, and the output of the IDFT unit 6 Select data, mapping transmission data to subcarriers, modulation method, transmission power, Ri comprises the coding rate of correction coding, a scheduler (control unit) 20 for scheduling and select such allowable error for each channel.

  The base station apparatus according to the present embodiment constitutes a communication system that employs the OFDMA scheme, and accommodates a large number of channels (the number of channels is n). Hereinafter, the operation of the base station apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described.

  First, the operation of the scheduler 20 will be described. The scheduler 20 selects transmission information of channels 1 to n to be transmitted in a certain time slot from the transmission information stored in the data buffer 1 and instructs the data buffer 1 to select the transmission information. Further, the scheduler 20 determines the number of bits to be transmitted, the modulation scheme, the error correction coding rate, the transmission power value, the subcarrier schedule (assignment of each channel to the subcarrier, etc.) and the like for each channel. At this time, the combination of the modulation scheme and the coding rate is determined based on the reception C / N ratio of the terminal on the reception side, as will be described later.

  Then, the scheduler 20 outputs the error correction coding rate to the error correction coding unit 2, the modulation scheme and the transmission power value to the symbol modulation unit 3, and the subcarrier schedule to the subcarrier mapping unit. As the modulation scheme, for example, a modulation scheme such as BPSK, QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying), 8PSK (8 Phase Shift Keying), 16QAM (16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), or 64QAM (64 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) is selected.

  Further, the scheduler 20 calculates an allowable error value of each channel based on the determined modulation scheme, error correction coding rate, and transmission power value. For example, a transmission C / N (Carrier to Noise) ratio (allowable transmission C / N ratio) allowed for each combination of modulation scheme and coding rate is held as a table. The allowable error value is set so that deterioration during demodulation is sufficiently suppressed. Then, the allowable transmission C / N ratio corresponding to the determined modulation scheme and coding rate is determined using a table, and a value obtained by subtracting the allowable transmission C / N ratio from the transmission power value [dBm] is determined as an allowable error. Calculated as power (allowable error value).

  Here, a method of determining the modulation scheme and error correction coding rate in the scheduler 20 will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a table indicating combinations of modulation schemes and coding rates corresponding to the reception C / N ratio range of the terminal, and allowable transmission C / N ratios corresponding to the combinations. This table defines the modulation scheme and coding rate of error correction according to the reception C / N ratio of the terminal, and indicates the allowable transmission C / N ratio corresponding to the modulation scheme and coding rate. . The permissible transmission C / N ratio corresponding to the modulation method and coding rate is the permissible transmission C / N ratio for obtaining the above-described permissible error value, and this value is set so that deterioration during demodulation can be sufficiently suppressed. Keep it. Here, the modulation scheme and coding rate are determined based on the reception C / N ratio, but information indicating reception quality other than the reception C / N ratio (reception quality information) is acquired and acquired. The modulation scheme and coding rate may be determined based on the information.

  FIG. 2 is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this. Any method may be used as long as it is determined in consideration of sensitivity to terminal reception C / N for each modulation method. In general, when the terminal reception C / N ratio is low, the modulation scheme is associated with a modulation scheme having a low required value for the reception C / N ratio (for example, for the reception C / N ratio in the order of QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM). (Required value is low). When the terminal reception C / N ratio is low, a low coding rate is made to correspond. In this embodiment, the modulation scheme and coding rate are determined based on the reception C / N ratio of the terminal. However, the modulation scheme and coding are not dependent on the reception C / N ratio of the terminal. The rate may be determined, and the allowable transmission C / N ratio may be obtained based on the determined modulation scheme and coding rate. Alternatively, the modulation scheme or coding rate may be determined in advance, and the allowable transmission C / N ratio may be obtained based on the determined modulation scheme or coding rate. Further, the allowable transmission C / N ratio may be obtained based only on the reception C / N ratio of the terminal.

  The scheduler 20 estimates the reception C / N ratio of the terminal on the reception side using feedback information from the terminal (such as the reception S / N ratio of the pilot signal obtained by the reception side), and a modulation scheme and encoding according to the estimation The rate is selected according to the table above.

  For example, it is assumed that the base station apparatus according to the present embodiment transmits a pilot signal with a transmission power of 20 [dBm]. Then, it is assumed that the reception C / N ratio of the pilot signal is notified as 10 [dB] by feedback information from the terminal that has received the data of the base station apparatus. In this case, it is assumed that transmission for the terminal is performed with power of 7 [dBm]. At this time, 7 [dBm] is the power that becomes -3 [dB] from 10 [dB] that is the reception C / N ratio of the pilot signal, and therefore the terminal reception C / N ratio becomes 7 [dB]. Presumed.

Therefore, in this case, 16QAM and 0.5 are selected as the modulation scheme and coding rate corresponding to the terminal reception C / N ratio of 7 [dB] based on the table shown in FIG. Further, according to the table shown in FIG. 2, the allowable transmission C / N ratio at that time is 19 [dB]. Therefore, the allowable error power can be obtained as 7−19 = −12 [dBm]. The scheduler 20 includes 10 ^−12/20 = 0.25 ^obtained by converting this −12 [dBm] into an amplitude true value in the subcarrier schedule and outputs the subcarrier schedule to the subcarrier mapping unit 4. At this time, the allowable error value is also output for pilot signals, idle channels, and out-of-band subcarriers. Generally, the allowable error power is set small for the pilot signal, and the allowable error power is set large for the empty channel and the out-of-band subcarrier.

  Hereinafter, operations other than the scheduler 20 will be described. The data buffer 1 outputs transmission information for each channel designated by the scheduler 20 to the error correction coding unit 2. The error correction coding unit 2 performs error correction coding on the transmission information for each channel according to the error correction coding rate for each channel indicated by the scheduler 20. A turbo code or a convolutional code is used as the error correction code.

  Note that the scheduler 20 may designate these types of encoding (encoding method) in addition to the error correction encoding rate. In this case, an encoding method column may be provided in the table shown in FIG. 2 as an example, and the encoding method may be selected in the same manner as the modulation method and the error correction coding rate. Alternatively, a coding method change instruction may be issued separately from the table. In the turbo code and the convolutional coding, the coding rate is changed by an operation of thinning out a coded bit string called puncture or an operation of repeating the coded bit called repetition.

  The symbol modulation unit 3 modulates the transmission information (bit sequence) for each channel that has been subjected to error correction coding, using the modulation scheme instructed by the scheduler 20. Further, at this time, the magnitude of the amplitude is adjusted based on the transmission power value instructed from the scheduler 20 for each channel. Specifically, the symbol modulation unit 3 converts a bit string that has been subjected to error correction coding into a symbol represented by a complex number for each bit number of one symbol. 3 to 5 are diagrams showing examples of correspondence (symbol mapping) between bit sequences and converted symbols. FIG. 3 shows an example in which symbol mapping is performed based on QPSK, FIG. 4 shows 16 QAM, and FIG. 5 shows 64 QAM. P in the figure is a transmission power value instructed by the scheduler 20.

  The pilot signal generator 19 generates a pilot signal for performing synchronous detection and quality measurement on the receiving side such as a terminal. The subcarrier mapping unit 4 maps the symbol of each channel modulated by the symbol modulation unit 3 and the pilot signal generated by the pilot signal generation unit 19 to the subcarrier according to the subcarrier schedule instructed from the scheduler 20. At this time, free channel mapping is also performed.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of subcarrier mapping. Pi in the figure represents a pilot signal. In this example, each channel is allocated in units of 12 symbols in the time direction and in units of 4 subcarriers in the frequency direction. However, the allocation unit is not limited to this and may be set appropriately according to the system. For example, a system in which one channel is divided and allocated in the frequency direction has been proposed. In this case, the allocation may be performed in the frequency direction.

  In the example of FIG. 6, a lump of the same channel of 12 symbol times corresponds to one packet. Here, as an example, a case where pilot signals are distributed in the time direction and the frequency direction is shown. Although the pilot signal mapping varies depending on the system, the operation of the present embodiment can be similarly applied to any arrangement.

  The subcarrier mapping unit 4 performs mapping processing at symbol intervals (symbol interval time) and outputs the mapped symbols to the correction unit 5. At this time, an allowable error value for each subcarrier is also output at the same time. In FIG. 6, channel numbers are given for convenience, and the same channel number exceeding 12 symbols does not mean the same user.

  Next, the correction unit 5 of the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration example of the correction unit 5. The correcting unit 5 selects, for each subchannel, a symbol 51 output from the subcarrier mapping unit 4 and a multiplication result of the multiplying unit 54, and a subcarrier mapping for each subcarrier. A recording unit configured to add the value recorded in the recording unit 53 to the symbol output from the unit 4 and the D-FF (Delay Flip-Flop) for the number of channels and record the output of the adding unit 52 A unit 53 and a multiplication unit 54 that multiplies the permissible error value of the subcarrier mapping unit 4 by the correction signal that is the output of the correction signal generation unit 18 for each subcarrier.

  The operation will be described below step by step. First, as step 1, the recording unit 53 initializes the recording content to 0 by the CLR signal. For example, the CLR signal is transmitted from the subcarrier mapping unit 4 at the timing of starting processing. As step 2, the selector 51 selects a symbol for each sub-channel from the output of the subcarrier mapping unit 4 input to the correction unit 5, records it in the recording unit 53 via the adding unit 52, and the IDFT unit 6 Output to.

  Next, as step 3, the correction signal generation unit 18 outputs a correction signal generated based on the output of the IDFT unit 6 and the output of the transmission amplifier error characteristic identification unit 16 to the correction unit 5. Although the operation of the correction signal generator 18 will be described later, this correction signal is a signal for correcting the nonlinear distortion of the transmission amplifier 11.

  Next, as step 4, the multiplication unit 54 multiplies the correction signal input to the correction unit 5 by the allowable error value input from the subcarrier mapping unit 4, and the selector 51 selects the multiplication output. To do. Then, the adding unit 52 adds the value recorded in the recording unit 53 to the multiplication output selected by the selector 51 and outputs the addition result to the recording unit 53. The recording unit 53 records the addition result and outputs it to the IDFT unit 6.

  By repeating the above steps 3 and 4, the peak is gradually suppressed. After repeating step 3 and step 4 a predetermined number of times, a signal is output to P / S7. The number of repetitions of processing (predetermined number of times) is not particularly limited, but for example, the number of repetitions may be determined until convergence is determined after determining the convergence condition of the processing. Alternatively, it may be determined in advance according to conditions such as a modulation method.

  Although the recording unit 53 of the present embodiment is configured by a D-FF, any recording unit having a recording function is not limited to a D-FF. Also in this case, in step 1, the value is initialized (set to “0”).

  In the configuration example 1 of the correction unit 5 shown in FIG. 7, if the allowable error value for each subcarrier is large, oscillation may occur in the process of repeating steps 3 and 4. Therefore, a function for suppressing oscillation may be added to the correction unit 5. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a second configuration example of the correction unit 5 configured as described above. The second configuration example of the correction unit 5 shown in FIG. 8 is configured to suppress oscillation by standardizing the power sum to “1” when the power sum of the fed back signal is “1” or more. Yes. In the second configuration example, a power sum calculation unit 55, an inverse number calculation unit 56, a clip unit 57, and a second multiplication unit 58 are added to the configuration example of FIG. Other than that, the configuration is the same as that of the configuration example of FIG. 7, and components having the same functions as those in FIG. Note that although standardized to “1” here, it may be standardized to a numerical value other than “1”.

  The power sum calculator 55 calculates the total power output from the multiplier 54 and outputs it to the reciprocal calculator 56. The reciprocal calculation unit 56 calculates the reciprocal of the sum and outputs the reciprocal to the clip unit 57. Then, when the output reciprocal is less than “1” (the total sum of power is “1” or more), the clipping unit 57 sets the output reciprocal to the second value in order to clip the power sum to “1”. Output to the multiplier 58. Then, the second multiplier 58 multiplies the multiplier 54 by the value output from the clip unit 57. In this way, when the power sum is “1” or more, it is clipped to “1”, and oscillation can be suppressed.

  Further, a function capable of adjusting the influence of the correction signal itself as an error may be added to the second configuration example of the correction unit 5 shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a third configuration example of the correction unit 5 that enables such adjustment. In the third configuration example shown in FIG. 9, a coefficient multiplier 59 and an adder 60 are added to the second configuration example shown in FIG. Other than that, it is the same as the configuration example of FIG. 8, and those having the same functions as those in FIG.

  In the configuration example shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the error due to nonlinear distortion of the transmission amplifier is reduced based on the correction signal (gradient of the error function as will be described later) output from the correction signal generation unit 18. To work. However, the original transmission signal (the output of the subcarrier mapping unit) is modified, and the correction signal itself becomes a kind of error. If the correction signal power is increased to increase the correction effect, the error of the correction signal itself May be increased. Therefore, it is more desirable to have a configuration that can adjust the balance between the error reduction effect due to nonlinear distortion caused by the correction signal and the error reduction caused by the correction signal itself. Therefore, in the third configuration example of FIG. 9, the above balance can be adjusted by weighting and adding the output (symbol) of the subcarrier mapping unit 4 not including the correction signal to the correction signal. .

  In the third configuration example shown in FIG. 9, nonlinearity is determined by a ratio between a coefficient that is multiplied by the coefficient multiplier 59 and a predetermined coefficient that is set in a coefficient multiplier 84 of the correction signal generator 18 described later. It is possible to adjust the ratio between the error reduction due to distortion and the reduction of the correction signal itself. Specifically, the coefficient multiplication unit 59 multiplies the output (symbol) of the subcarrier mapping unit 4 and the coefficient set in the correction signal, and the addition unit 60 performs the multiplication result of the coefficient multiplication unit 59 and the multiplication unit. 54 multiplication results are added. If the ratio of the coefficient of the coefficient multiplier 59 to the coefficient of the coefficient multiplier 84 is referred to as a coefficient relative ratio, for example, when importance is placed on reducing errors due to nonlinear distortion, the coefficient relative ratio is reduced and corrected. When importance is placed on reducing the error due to the signal itself, the coefficient relative ratio is increased. Note that the coefficient of the multiplier 59 is set for each subcarrier, for example. Here, the coefficient multiplier 59 and the adder 60 are added to the configuration example of FIG. 8, but the same adjustment may be performed by adding the coefficient multiplier 59 and the adder 60 to the configuration example of FIG. Good.

  Next, the correction signal generation unit 18 will be described. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the correction signal generation unit 18 of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 10, the correction signal generator 18 includes a parallel-serial converter (P / S) 81 that converts a parallel signal output from the IDFT unit 6 into a time-series serial signal, and a complex number output from the P / S 81. An amplitude converter 82 for calculating the square root of the square sum of the real part and the imaginary part, and a transmission amplifier error gradient table for calculating a gradient coefficient for calculating a gradient corresponding to the instantaneous amplitude based on the characteristics of the transmission amplifier 11 A management unit 83, a coefficient multiplier 84, a multiplier 85 that multiplies the output of the P / S 81 and the output of the coefficient multiplier 84, and a serial / parallel conversion unit (S / P) that converts the output of the multiplier 85 into a parallel signal. ) 86 and a DFT unit 87 that performs DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) on the converted parallel signal.

  The operation of the correction signal generator 18 will be described. First, P / S 81 calculates the parallel output of the IDFT unit 6, and then the amplitude conversion unit 82 calculates the square root of the square sum of the real part and imaginary part of the serial signal (complex number) as the instantaneous amplitude. The transmission amplifier error gradient table management unit 83 holds the characteristic (gradient coefficient) of the transmission amplifier 11 as a transmission amplifier error gradient table, and sequentially updates it based on the output of the transmission amplifier error characteristic identification unit 17. The transmission amplifier error gradient table stores an instantaneous amplitude and a gradient coefficient corresponding to the instantaneous amplitude. The gradient coefficient will be described later. Then, the transmission amplifier error gradient table management unit 83 reads the gradient coefficient corresponding to the instantaneous amplitude calculated by the amplitude conversion unit 82.

  Next, the coefficient multiplier 84 weights the gradient coefficient with a predetermined weighting coefficient. When the weighting coefficient of the coefficient multiplier 84 is increased, convergence in the repetition of Step 3 and Step 4 described in the operation of the correction unit 5 is accelerated, but the operation may be unstable. Convergence is slow.

  The multiplier 85 obtains the gradient by multiplying the output of the P / S 81 and the output of the coefficient multiplier 84. The S / P 86 converts the serial output of the multiplier 85 into a parallel signal. In order to convert the gradient into a correction signal for each subcarrier, the DFT unit 87 performs DFT on the parallel signal, and outputs the DFT result to the correction unit 5 as a correction signal.

  As described above, the multiplication unit 54 of the correction unit 5 multiplies the correction signal output from the correction signal generation unit 18 and the allowable error value input from the subcarrier mapping unit 4. Therefore, correction is performed by weighting the correction signal for each subcarrier. For example, in the case of 64QAM having a small allowable error value, the power value to be corrected is reduced and corrected with high accuracy, and in the case of QPSK having a large allowable error value, the power value to be corrected is increased to improve the peak suppression performance. Can do.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a spectrum example of a correction signal by conventional peak suppression in which weighting is not performed for each subcarrier. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a spectrum of a correction signal subjected to weighting according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 11, in peak suppression without weighting, the error signal power has the same characteristics regardless of subcarriers. As shown in FIG. 12, the spectrum when the weighted correction unit according to the present invention is used has a level corresponding to the allowable error value depending on the modulation scheme and coding rate. The value is different.

  Further, in the present embodiment, outside the band, the peak suppression performance is improved by increasing the correction signal (increasing the allowable error value output from the subcarrier mapping unit) within the range permitted by the transmission regulations. As described above, in the present embodiment, the correction signal can be controlled for each subcarrier, and higher quality communication can be performed by transmitting with an error according to the modulation scheme and coding rate.

  Next, operations of the IDFT unit 6, P / S 7, GI insertion unit 8, DAC 9, mixer 10, transmission amplifier 11, coupler 13, mixer 14, transmitter 15, ADC 16, and transmission amplifier error characteristic identification unit 17 will be described. The IDFT unit 6 performs IDFT on the signal for each subcarrier output from the correction unit 5 and outputs the post-IDFT signal to the correction signal generation unit 18 and the P / S 7. Then, the P / S 7 converts the signal after IDFT into a serial signal and outputs it to the GI insertion unit.

  Next, the GI insertion unit 8 inserts a guard interval into the serial signal and outputs it to the DAC and transmission amplifier error characteristic identification unit 17. The DAC 9 converts the data after insertion of the guard interval into an analog signal and outputs the analog signal to the mixer 10. The mixer 10 up-converts the analog signal based on the sine wave supplied from the oscillator 15. Then, the transmission amplifier 11 amplifies the upconverted signal and radiates the signal amplified by the antenna 12 into the air.

  The coupler 13 acquires the output of the transmission amplifier 11 and outputs it to the mixer. Then, the mixer 14 down-converts the output from the coupler 13 to the same frequency as the signal before the DAC 9 processing based on the sine wave supplied from the oscillator 15 and outputs it to the transmission amplifier error characteristic identification unit 17. Then, the transmission amplifier error characteristic identification unit 17 acquires the input / output characteristics of the transmission amplifier 11 based on the signal output from the GI insertion unit 8 and the signal output from the ADC 16, and obtains the gradient coefficient based on the acquired characteristics. To the correction signal generator 18. The transmission amplifier error characteristic identification unit 17 acquires the input / output characteristics of the transmission amplifier 11 using the signal output from the GI insertion unit 8 as an input to the transmission amplifier 11 and the signal output from the ADC 16 as an output from the transmission amplifier 11. be able to.

  Next, the gradient coefficient stored in the transmission amplifier error gradient table of the present embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, the transmission amplifier error gradient table management unit 83 of the correction signal generation unit 18 updates the transmission amplifier error gradient table using the gradient coefficient output from the transmission amplifier error characteristic identification unit 17. Here, it is assumed that the transmission amplifier error gradient table stores the correspondence between the value of the amplitude x and the gradient coefficient. Then, the correction signal generation unit 18 may output a gradient coefficient corresponding to the amplitude x, or the correction signal generation unit 18 outputs only the gradient coefficient while fixing the step of x in the table, and the transmission amplifier The error gradient table management unit 83 may update the corresponding x gradient coefficient.

  In the present embodiment, the gradient of error power of the transmission amplifier 11 is used as a correction signal. This is because correction is performed using the steepest descent method. In the steepest descent method, the value of the parameter is changed in a small amount in the direction opposite to the differential value, and is repeatedly converged to the optimum parameter.

  Amplifier characteristics generally have AM-AM characteristics and AM-PM characteristics, and examples of each are shown in FIGS. FIG. 13 shows an example of AM-AM characteristics, and FIG. 14 shows an example of AM-PM characteristics. As shown in FIG. 13, when the input power increases, the output is saturated. In FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, the solid line is the amplifier characteristic, and the broken line is the ideal amplifier characteristic. Therefore, the difference between the solid line and the broken line is an error.

Here, x is the amplitude of the input signal of the transmission amplifier 11 of the present embodiment, f1 (x) is a function that expresses an AM-AM error (error characteristic) as a power true value, and radians is an AM-PM error (error characteristic). Assuming that the function represented by is f2 (x), the error function f3 (x) combining both can be expressed by the following equation (1).
f3 (x) = (f1 (x) cos (f2 (x)) − G · x) ²
+ (F1 (x) sin (f2 (x))) ² (1)

Here, G represents the gain of the true amplitude value. FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of f3 (x) represented in a graph. As shown in FIG. 15, the error characteristic is substantially “0” in the region where the amplitude x is small, but increases rapidly as the amplitude increases. When an error function is expressed using a complex serial signal y (x = | y |) which is an output of the IDFT unit 6, a shape like a cup is obtained as shown in FIG. About this error function, when the gradient for the steepest descent method is obtained, it can be expressed by the following equation (2) using the derivative of f3 (x).
Gradient = −y / x · (df (3) / dx) (2)

In the coefficient multiplier 84, the gradient coefficients z and y are multiplied. Accordingly, it is sufficient that the gradient coefficient z represented by the following equation (3) is written in correspondence with x in the transmission amplifier error gradient table.
z = -1 / x. (df3 (x) / dx) (3)

  The error function represented by f3 (x) is an error caused by nonlinear distortion, and its spectrum has a shape shown in FIG. 17, for example. If the error due to such nonlinear distortion of the transmission amplifier 11 is reduced, the adjacent channel leakage power can be reduced.

  As described above, in this embodiment, an allowable error value is obtained for each subcarrier, and the magnitude of a correction signal for performing correction can be adjusted for each subcarrier. Further, the transmission amplifier error characteristic identification unit 17 acquires the input / output characteristics of the transmission amplifier 11 and generates a correction signal based on the characteristics. For this reason, peak suppression can be performed after adjusting the quality for each subcarrier. In addition, since peak suppression performance is improved as compared with the conventional method, it is possible to increase the efficiency of the transmission amplifier and further reduce the size of the transmission amplifier. Furthermore, since the input / output characteristics of the transmission amplifier 11 are reflected, accurate correction can be performed, and adjacent channel leakage power can be reliably reduced.

  As described above, the wireless transmission device according to the present invention is useful for a wireless communication system that employs an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) scheme, and is particularly suitable for a wireless communication system that performs peak suppression. Yes.

It is a figure which shows the function structural example of Embodiment 1 of the radio | wireless transmitter concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the table which shows the permissible transmission C / N ratio corresponding to the combination of the modulation system and coding rate corresponding to the range of the reception C / N ratio of a terminal, and the combination. It is a figure which shows the example of symbol mapping of a bit sequence and QPSK. It is a figure which shows the example of a bit sequence and 16QAM symbol mapping. It is a figure which shows the example of a symbol string of a bit sequence and 64QAM. It is a figure which shows an example of subcarrier mapping. It is a figure which shows the structural example of a correction | amendment part. It is a figure which shows the 2nd structural example of a correction | amendment part. It is a figure which shows the 3rd structural example of a correction | amendment part. It is a figure which shows the structural example of a correction signal generation part. It is a figure which shows the correction signal by the conventional peak suppression which does not weight for every subcarrier. It is a figure which shows the example of the spectrum of the correction signal which performed weighting. It is a figure which shows an example of the AM-AM characteristic of amplifier. It is a figure which shows an example of the AM-PM characteristic of amplifier. It is a figure which shows an example of the error function of a transmission amplifier. It is a figure which shows an example which represented the error function using the complex serial signal y. It is a figure which shows an example of the spectrum of the error function of a transmission amplifier.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Data buffer 2 Error correction encoding part 3 Symbol modulation part 4 Subcarrier mapping part 5 Correction | amendment part 6 IDFT part 7,81 P / S
8 GI insertion part 9 DAC
10, 14 Mixer 11 Transmitting amplifier 12 Antenna 13 Coupler 15 Oscillator 16 ADC
17 Transmission amplifier error characteristic identification unit 18 Correction signal generation unit 19 Pilot signal generation unit 20 Scheduler 51 Selector 52, 60 Addition unit 53 Recording unit 54, 58 Multiplication unit 55 Power sum calculation unit 56 Reciprocal calculation unit 57 Clip unit 58 Second unit Multiplier 59 Coefficient multiplier 82 Amplitude converter 83 Transmit amplifier error gradient table manager 84 Coefficient multiplier 85 Multiplier 86 S / P
87 DFT section

Claims (11)

A radio transmission apparatus that selects a modulation method for each channel, maps a modulated signal modulated for each subcarrier, amplifies the mapped signal by an inverse Fourier transform, and then transmits the amplified signal by a transmission amplifier,
Control means for calculating an allowable error value of power for each subcarrier based on transmission power for each channel;
Correction signal generation means for generating a correction signal for correcting the input / output characteristics of the transmission amplifier based on the signal after the inverse Fourier transform;
A correction unit that weights the correction signal for each subcarrier based on the allowable error value, and corrects input / output characteristics of the transmission amplifier using the weighted signal;
A wireless transmission device comprising:   The radio transmission apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control means acquires reception quality information of the reception apparatus, and further calculates the allowable error value based on the reception quality information.   The radio transmission apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit further calculates the allowable error value based on a modulation scheme of the modulation signal. The modulated signal is a modulated signal after error correction coding,
The radio transmission apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the control means further calculates the allowable error value based on a coding rate in the error correction coding.   The radio transmission apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit further calculates the allowable error value based on a channel type. A transmission amplifier characteristic identifying means for obtaining an input signal and an output signal of the transmission amplifier and obtaining an input / output characteristic of the transmission amplifier;
Further comprising
The radio transmission apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the correction signal generation unit generates a correction signal based on an input / output characteristic obtained by the transmission amplifier characteristic identification unit.   The radio transmission apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the input / output characteristic is a gradient of a nonlinearity error of a transmission amplifier.   The radio transmission apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the correction signal generation unit sequentially updates the input / output characteristics.   The correction unit calculates a power sum of the weighted correction signals of all subchannels, and normalizes the weighted correction signal to a predetermined value when the power sum exceeds a predetermined value. The wireless transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.   The correction means multiplies the mapped modulated signal by a predetermined coefficient, and corrects input / output characteristics of the transmission amplifier using a result obtained by adding the weighted signal and the multiplication result. The wireless transmission device according to claim 1.   The correcting means calculates a power sum of the added result of all subchannels, and normalizes the added result to a predetermined numerical value when the power sum exceeds a predetermined numerical value. The wireless transmission device according to claim 10.

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