JP2008236225A - Acoustic illuminating device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an illumination and acoustic integrated device capable of highly accurately controlling the irradiation area of light and directivity of acoustic waves. <P>SOLUTION: The acoustic illuminating device (1) comprises a light source (13), a support means (14) for position-variably supporting the light source, a speaker (12) with a paraboloid for reflecting the light from the light source for generating the acoustic waves and emitting them from the paraboloid, and a control means (10) for controlling the support position of the support means and the directivity of the acoustic waves generated in the speaker. The speaker is an electrostatic speaker provided with an electrode (Ei) and a vibrating membrane (P) constituting the paraboloid. The electrode is constituted of a plurality of concentric inner side electrode units (Eii) electrically insulated from each other, and the vibrating membrane has a curved surface corresponding to the paraboloid. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus having a speaker function and an illumination function.

2. Description of the Related Art A device having a function of a lighting device and a function of a sound emitting device (speaker) (in other words, a lighting device with a speaker) is known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a device in which a light source and a speaker are provided directly below the light source, which is covered with a lighting cover, and an opening for emitting sound waves generated from the speaker to the outside is provided on the cover. ing.
Patent Document 2 discloses an apparatus in which a speaker box is attached to the lower part of a lighting desk lamp. Thus, by integrating the speaker and the lighting device, it is possible to reduce the installation space and improve the aesthetics of the device.
In Patent Document 3, in a hanging type instrument, a light source and a speaker are arranged in the vicinity, a parabolic antenna type reflector is provided as a cover of the apparatus, and light and sound waves emitted from the light source are reflected on the reflector. An apparatus is disclosed. According to this method, by changing the installation position of the light source and the speaker, it is possible to irradiate light in a specific direction (spot illumination) or generate an acoustic wave having a predetermined directivity.
Patent Document 4 discloses that a plurality of speaker units are arranged in a ring shape in the space above the light source.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-235917 (Abstract, FIG. 2, etc.) JP 2005-341514 A (Abstract, FIG. 1 etc.) JP-A-5-199583 (abstract, etc.) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 64-60191 (FIG. 2 etc.)

However, in the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the directivity (radiation direction, radiation region, etc.) of the irradiation light and the acoustic wave cannot be controlled.
On the other hand, if the technique disclosed in Patent Document 3 is used, the radiation angle and angle range (irradiation region) of the irradiation light and the acoustic wave can be changed. However, it is physically impossible to install the light source and the speaker at exactly the same position (in the preferred embodiment, the focal position of the reflector). That is, since the light source and the speaker cannot be arranged at a desired position at the same time, it is difficult to control the directivity of both the irradiation light and the acoustic wave with high accuracy. Furthermore, the sound source may be damaged by the heat generated by the light source because the light source and the speaker must be brought close to each other.
Further, as disclosed in Patent Document 4, by using a plurality of speaker units to change the phase of a signal supplied to each speaker unit, the directivity of the acoustic wave is independent of the position of the light source. Can be controlled. However, since the speaker is positioned at the top of the light source (and lamp cover), it is difficult to radiate acoustic waves in the vertical direction, and the area where the light reaches and the area where the musical sound reaches cannot be matched.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described background, and an object of the present invention is to provide an illumination / acoustic integrated device capable of controlling the light irradiation region and the directivity of the acoustic wave with high accuracy. .

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in one aspect, the present invention includes a light source, a support unit that variably supports the light source, and a paraboloid that reflects light from the light source, and generates an acoustic wave. Thus, there is provided an acoustic illumination device having a speaker that emits from the paraboloid, a support position of the support means, and a control means that controls the directivity of the acoustic wave generated by the speaker.

  In a preferred aspect, the speaker is an electrostatic speaker having an electrode constituting the paraboloid and a vibrating membrane.

  In another preferred embodiment, the electrode is composed of a plurality of concentric inner electrode units that are electrically insulated from each other, and the vibrating membrane has a curved surface corresponding to the paraboloid.

  According to the present invention, the directivity of irradiation light and acoustic wave can be controlled with high accuracy.

<Example>
FIG. 1 is an external view of an acoustic lighting device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The acoustic lighting device 1 includes a control unit 10 that controls the acoustic lighting device 1, a support 11 for fixing to a predetermined place such as a ceiling, a sound emitting reflector 12, and a light source 13. The control unit 10 is electrically connected to the sound emitting reflector 12 and the light source 13, and controls the operations of the sound emitting reflector 12 and the light source 13. The sound emitting reflector 12 is a reflector such as a metal that reflects the light emitted from the light source 13. As shown in the figure, the sound emitting reflector 12 has an upwardly convex paraboloid. More specifically, the sound emitting reflector 12 includes a plurality of ring-shaped electrode units Ei. Further, an insulating sheet (not shown) is inserted between each ring unit, and each electrode unit Ei is electrically insulated. Details of the structure of the sound emitting reflector 12 and a method of supplying power to each electrode unit Ei will be described later with reference to FIGS. The light source 13 is an illumination light source such as an incandescent lamp, and is provided on the center of the sound emitting reflector 12 (that is, on the central axis of the paraboloid). The light source 13 is supported by the drive device 14 in a variable position. The drive device 14 is fixed to the center of the sound emitting reflector 12, and the position of the light source 13 can be changed in the vertical direction (center axis direction; Z direction).

  FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the control unit 10. As shown in the figure, the control unit 10 includes a central control unit 100, an illumination mechanism 110, an acoustic mechanism 120, a storage unit 130, and an input / output unit 140 for exchanging signals and information between them. The bus 190 is functionally configured. The central control unit 100 is a processor such as a CPU, and gives predetermined instructions to the illumination mechanism 110 and the acoustic mechanism 120. The storage unit 130 is a storage device such as a ROM or a hard disk, and stores control information for controlling at least one of the illumination mechanism 110 and the acoustic mechanism 120. This information is read or written by the central control unit 100 as necessary. The input / output unit 140 includes a remote control switch, a keyboard, a keyboard, a lighting / sound on / off switch, a lighting brightness, a lighting target area, a speaker volume and directivity control parameters. It consists of an input device such as a mouse, a display for notifying the user of control information and operating conditions, etc., and obtains various instructions / information from an external device or user to obtain a central control unit Output to 100. A specific method for controlling illumination and sound will be described later.

  The illumination mechanism 110 includes an illumination control unit 111 and a drive unit 112. The illumination control unit 111 includes a control processor and the like, and outputs control information for controlling the position of the light source 13 to the drive unit 112 under the control of the central control unit 100. The drive unit 112 corresponds to the drive device 14 and includes a motor or the like, and changes the position of the light source 13 based on the control information provided from the illumination control unit 111.

  The acoustic mechanism 120 includes an acoustic control unit 121 and a sound emitting unit 122. The acoustic control unit 121 includes a control processor and the like, and outputs control information and a musical sound signal to the sound emitting unit 122 under the control of the central control unit 100. The sound emitting unit 122 performs a process of generating an acoustic wave from the sound emitting reflector 12 based on a signal (specifically, an applied voltage corresponding to the signal) supplied from the sound control unit 121.

  Hereinafter, the structure of the sound emission reflector 12 will be described in detail. FIG. 3 is an external perspective view of the electrode unit Ei (i = 1 to 6) constituting the sound emitting reflector 12. As shown in the figure, each electrode unit Ei is a concentric ring-shaped part having a diameter Wi, a thickness Di, and a height Hi as a whole. More specifically, each electrode unit Ei has an outer ring-shaped metal (hereinafter referred to as an electrode ring) Eio having a predetermined thickness, and an inner electrode ring Eii having a predetermined thickness. . The electrode ring Eii is formed with through holes (so-called punching metal; PM) at a constant interval (for example, an aperture ratio of 30%). For convenience of explanation, the through holes are omitted in the drawings. The electrode ring Eii plays a role of reflecting light from the light source 13 and delivering it to the outside. Thus, for example, the electrode ring Eio can be formed by using an alloy such as SUS304 that is light and relatively easy to process, and polishing the surface to increase the reflectivity. Alternatively, as the electrode ring Eii, instead of using only a metal material, for example, a material obtained by performing metal plating or metal deposition on plastic may be used.

  A more detailed structure of the electrode unit Ei will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 shows the electrode unit Ei viewed from the Z direction. As shown in the figure, in the electrode unit Ei, the vibration film P is arranged at the center (center plane; that is, at a distance Di / 2 from each of the electrode rings Eio and Eii) between the electrode rings Eio and Eii. . The vibration film P is a sheet-like material formed in a conical shape along the parabolic surface of the sound emitting reflector 12. That is, a plurality of vibrating membranes P are not provided for each electrode unit Ei, and the electrode units E1 to E6 share one vibrating membrane P.

  The vibration film P is, for example, a film such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or the like obtained by depositing a metal film or applying a conductive paint. It is formed using a conductive plate-like (film-like) material of about micron. Or what laminated | stacked the metal thin film and what polarized by applying a high voltage to the insulating film may be used.

  Further, cushion materials (not shown) are respectively provided in the regions Ro and Ri between the vibration film P and the electrode rings Eio and Eii. The cushion material is made of sponge, sheet-like cotton, or an insulating non-woven insulating material, holds the position of the vibrating membrane P, and applies a predetermined elastic stress to the vibrating membrane P in accordance with the displacement, so that the electrode ring There exists an effect | action which prevents the contact with Eio and Eii, and the diaphragm P.

  A method of generating an acoustic wave by the sound emission reflector 12 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the figure, each ring-shaped electrode unit Ei shares a vibrating membrane P having a parabolic surface. The vibration film P is supported by a support ring 123 provided at the lower part of the sound emitting reflector 12. A predetermined bias voltage is applied to the vibration film P (illustration of an application mechanism to the vibration film P is omitted). A predetermined voltage is applied from each acoustic control unit 121 to each electrode unit Ei. Each location of the vibrating membrane P receives an electrostatic force from the opposing electrode unit Ei, and vibrates according to the voltage applied to the electrode unit Ei. The acoustic wave generated by this vibration is radiated to the outside from a through hole formed in the electrode ring Eii.

  More specifically, first, an applied voltage signal corresponding to the musical tone signal is generated by the signal generation unit 121c in the acoustic control unit 121. Then, predetermined delay processing is performed by the delay circuit 121b-i, predetermined amplification is performed by the amplifier 121a-i, and then output (applied) to each electrode unit Ei. As shown in the figure, since the delay circuit 121b-i and the amplifier 121a-i are provided corresponding to each electrode unit, the timing (phase) and absolute value (amplitude) of the voltage to be output are set to the electrode unit Ei. Each can be controlled independently.

  As a result, if the magnitude of the applied voltage is made different for each electrode unit Ei, the received electrostatic force will be different for each location of the vibrating membrane P accordingly. That is, in the sound emitting reflector 12, the electrostatic force can be applied with a large amount and / or timing that is different for each location of the diaphragm P. As a result, for example, the delay amount (application timing) defined by each delay circuit 121b-i, or the delay amount and amplitude (absolute value of the applied voltage) is set to a value corresponding to the position where the electrode unit Ei is provided. Thus, an acoustic wave having a predetermined directivity can be generated from the vibration film P.

  Hereinafter, an operation example of the acoustic lighting device 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 shows how the light L from the light source reaches depending on the position of the light source 13. Specifically, the case where the value of F is changed in the case where the light source 13 is positioned at a position away from the paraboloid by a distance F is shown.

  FIG. 5A shows the case where the light source 13 is located at the focal position of the paraboloid of the sound emitting reflector 12 (that is, F = Fo). The light L emitted from the focal position is reflected by the inner surface of the sound emitting reflector 12 that is a reflector (that is, the surface of the electrode ring Eii). Here, due to the characteristics of the paraboloid, the reflected light becomes parallel rays. In other words, the light substantially reaches only an area immediately below the installation location of the acoustic lighting device 1.

  FIG. 6B shows the case where the light source 13 is located closer to the sound emitting reflector 12 side than the focal position of the parabolic surface of the sound emitting reflector 12 (ie, F <Fo). In this case, as shown in the figure, the reflected light does not become parallel rays but spreads outward. That is, it is possible to illuminate an area wider than the size of the outer shape of the sound emitting reflector 12.

  FIG. 4C shows the case where the light source 13 is located at a position farther from the sound emitting reflector 12 side than the focal position Fo of the parabolic surface of the sound emitting reflector 12 (that is, F> Fo). In this case, the reflected light travels inward as shown in FIG. Therefore, an area narrower than the size of the sound emitting reflector 12 can be spot-lit. Moreover, when the distance to the object (for example, the ground or a table) which irradiates light is a predetermined value or more, each light beam crosses on the way and then goes outside. Therefore, if the irradiation target is sufficiently separated (in other words, if the installation position of the acoustic illumination device 1 is sufficiently separated), an area region (hereinafter referred to as an illumination area) wider than the size of the sound emitting reflector 12 is illuminated. be able to. Furthermore, since the support position of the light source 13 is not limited as compared with the case of FIG. (B), a wider illumination area can be formed on the condition that the light intensity is sufficiently secured.

  FIG. 7 shows how the acoustic wave A emitted from the vibration film P arrives according to the control method of the acoustic control unit 121. As described above, an acoustic wave having a desired directivity can be generated by changing the phase or magnitude of the voltage applied to each electrode unit Ei. Here, an example in which three different phase control methods are executed is shown. In the figure, the contents of the movement control are schematically shown using a wavefront (virtual plane VP) virtually formed by phase control.

  FIG. 6A is a diagram showing a case where phase control is performed such that the virtual plane VP is perpendicular to the Z direction (on the XY plane). In this case, an acoustic beam with high directivity is obtained, and a place where the acoustic wave reaches (hereinafter referred to as an acoustic area) is an area immediately below the installation position of the acoustic illumination device 1.

  FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a case where phase control is performed so that the virtual plane VP is convex downward with respect to the XY plane. In this case, the directivity of the acoustic wave is lower than that in the case (a), and the acoustic area is widened.

  FIG. 5C is a diagram showing a case where phase control is performed so that the virtual plane VP is convex upward with respect to the XY plane. In this case, the directivity of the acoustic wave is lower than in the case of (a), but the acoustic area is narrower as opposed to the case of (b). In this case, if the virtual plane is a paraboloid, the acoustic beams intersect substantially at one point. That is, a sound field having the highest sound pressure level at this one point is formed. Thus, in the case of (c), a spot-like acoustic wave can be reached at a desired location, and an acoustic wave can be reached over a wide range at other locations.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining an example in which the above-described acoustic control and irradiation light control are combined. FIG. 5A shows a case where the sound area and the illumination area are controlled to be equal. That is, a musical sound is provided in a spot manner while applying spot illumination to a user (one person in the figure). In this case, the light intensity and the sound pressure level are sufficiently small even if the light and the sound do not substantially reach or reach outside the area. Therefore, for example, even when a person who does not want to provide lighting or music in a different place in the same room is present, unnecessary lighting or music is not provided to the person.

  FIG. 5B shows an example in which the acoustic area and the illumination area are different. Specifically, the lighting area is limited to the surroundings of the user (in this case, two people), while the acoustic area is set to be wider. This control method is preferably used when, for example, lighting is sufficient for a spot, but music or announcement broadcasting as BGM needs to be delivered to the entire room.

  FIG. 4C is also an example in which the acoustic area and the illumination area are different, but the difference from FIG. 5B is that the acoustic beam has high directivity in a specific direction. In this case, for example, lighting can be provided to all users, while musical sounds can be provided only to specific users.

  Or although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, while providing a musical sound in a wide range, about illumination, you may provide only to a specific area. For example, when a presentation using OHP or the like is performed, the voice of the presenter is transmitted to the entire room, while lighting is provided only for an area away from the screen for the convenience of the participant. Can be considered. Thus, in the acoustic illumination device 1, the acoustic area and the illumination area can be synchronized, or can be controlled independently.

  In the present embodiment, as described above, the acoustic wave emitted from the sound source is not reflected by the reflector having a paraboloid, but the light reflector itself is the sound source. That is, since it is not necessary to provide a sound source separately from the reflector, the light source 13 can be positioned at an arbitrary position including the focal position of the paraboloid. Further, since it is not necessary to bring the light source and the sound source close to each other, there is no possibility that the sound source is damaged by the heat generated by the light source.

<Other examples>
The method by which the central control unit 100 controls the illumination mechanism 110 and the acoustic mechanism 120 is not limited to the above. The control method can be appropriately determined according to the sound field environment, the purpose of use, and the like. For example, the user may designate parameters such as the light intensity of the light source, the illumination area, the acoustic area, the volume (sound pressure level), and directivity via the input / output unit 140. Alternatively, a combination of a control parameter related to sound and a control parameter related to illumination may be stored in the storage unit 130 as a control number, for example, and the control content may be determined by the user specifying the control number. For example, the control number 1 is the control content that synchronizes the acoustic area and the illumination area, and the control number 2 is set for the BGM in a wide range for the acoustic area, while the illumination is performed in a spot manner.

  In addition, while the control to synchronize the acoustic area and the illumination area is being performed, a change instruction for one of the areas is received from the user, and another control is performed according to this area change instruction (for example, an instruction to enlarge the illumination area). You may perform control which matches one area (for example, acoustic area) with the area after a change. That is, information on the relationship between the illumination area (or light source position) and the acoustic area (or acoustic wave directivity) (a table describing combinations of control parameters, an algorithm for determining the other control content from one control content, etc.) ) Is stored in advance, and when one of the illumination area and the sound area is determined by the user's designation or the like, the central control unit 100 determines the other based on the information related to this relationship. In this case, it is not necessary for the user to specify the control contents of both lighting and sound.

  Moreover, you may change light intensity and a sound volume according to an illumination area or an acoustic area. Specifically, if the illumination area is set wide, the light energy per unit area becomes small. Therefore, the light intensity of the light source 13 is increased or decreased according to the size of the illumination area. Regardless of the size, it is possible to perform control so that a constant light energy density is always secured. In this case, for example, parameters such as light intensity and volume are stored in association with parameters related to the illumination area and sound area, and when at least one of these four parameters is designated, the central control unit 100 remains. All the parameters may be determined.

  The material, aperture ratio, and light reflectance of the inner electrode ring Eii are arbitrary. It can be determined as appropriate depending on whether the sound transmission performance or the reflection performance is prioritized. In order to improve the reflectance, a reflector may be provided outside the electrode ring Eio in order to reflect light that has entered the electrode unit from the through hole. At this time, it is preferable that the vibration film P and the cushion material have high light transmittance.

  The cushion material is not necessarily required as long as the vibrating membrane P is prevented from contacting the electrode rings Eii and Eio or has a resilience to movement. Further, if the vibration film P is supported by the cushion material, the support ring 123 is not necessarily required.

  The paraboloid of the vibration film P can be formed by preparing, for example, one fan-shaped film and joining the two sides. Alternatively, three-dimensional molding may be performed by performing heat treatment on one vibration film.

  The inner shape of the sound emitting reflector 12 does not have to be strictly a parabolic surface. Moreover, the curvature is also arbitrary. Moreover, although the sound emission reflector 12 was comprised by several ring-shaped electrode units E1-E6, the number of electrode units is not restricted to six. Further, it is not always necessary to use a plurality of ring-shaped electrode units. For example, if a mechanism capable of varying the amplitude and phase of the electrostatic force to be applied to each location of the vibrating membrane P is used, a single inner electrode plate having a paraboloid as a reflector may be used. Good.

  Alternatively, the vibration film P may be divided into a plurality of vibration film regions, and an electrostatic force may be applied independently to each divided region. For example, a portion functioning as a speaker unit is not a ring shape, but is configured as a fan-shaped piece composed of one split diaphragm and a pair of electrodes corresponding to a unit solid angle of a paraboloid. The parabolic surfaces as the reflectors may be formed by connecting the piece-like electrode units so as to be insulated from each other.

  In short, the sound emitting reflector 12 has a surface (preferably a parabolic surface) that substantially reflects light, and includes a mechanism that controls the directivity of the acoustic wave emitted through the parabolic surface. If so, the speaker need not be electrostatic. For example, a plurality of dynamic speaker units are arranged along the paraboloid of the sound emitting reflector 12 as a reflector so that the phase and amplitude of the acoustic wave emitted for each speaker unit can be controlled. In this case, for example, a mesh-like metal (metal net) having a parabolic surface may be used instead of PM as a reflector having a predetermined sound permeability (air permeability).

  The drive device 14 may be configured to be able to move the light source 13 to a position other than on the central axis of the paraboloid. In order to obtain parallel rays, it is preferable to be on the central axis or in the vicinity of the focal point. However, depending on the shape and position of the target illumination area, the movable range (up / down / left / right) of the light source 13 may be arbitrarily set. Can do.

  In the said Example, although the acoustic illuminating device 1 was supported by hanging on a ceiling etc., the installation aspect of the acoustic illuminating device 1 is not restricted to this, You may install in a wall etc.

  In the said Example, although the control unit 10 was provided in the upper part of the sound emission reflector 12, an installation position and an installation aspect are not restricted to this. For example, the control unit 10 may be provided separately from the sound emitting reflector 12, and various control signals may be supplied to the sound emitting reflector 12, the light source 13, and the driving device 14 via the support 11.

  The sound emitting reflector 12 is a push-pull type electrostatic speaker composed of the vibrating membrane P and a pair of counter electrodes (an inner electrode and an outer electrode). It may be a single type electrostatic speaker having an electrode (inner electrode) that has a surface and serves as a light reflector, and a vibrating membrane.

1 is an external perspective view of an acoustic lighting device 1. FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the acoustic lighting device 1. FIG. It is an external appearance perspective view of electrode unit Ei. It is sectional drawing of the electrode unit Ei. It is a schematic diagram showing the cross-sectional structure of the sound emission reflector 12, and the electric power feeding method. It is a figure showing the direction of light. It is a figure showing the direction of a sound. It is a figure showing the example of control of the acoustic illuminating device.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Acoustic illumination apparatus, 10 ... Control unit, 11 ... Support tool, 12 ... Sound emitting reflector, 13 ... Light source, 14 ... Drive apparatus, Ei ... Electrode unit, P ... vibration membrane, 100 ... central control unit, 110 ... illumination mechanism, 111 ... illumination control unit, 112 ... drive unit, 120 ... acoustic mechanism, 121 ... acoustic control 122, sound emitting unit, 190 ... bus, 121a ... amplifier, 121b ... delay circuit, 121c ... signal generation unit, 123 ... support ring, 130 ... storage unit 140 ... Input / output unit.

Claims (3)

A light source;
Support means for variably supporting the light source;
A speaker having a parabolic surface for reflecting light from the light source, generating an acoustic wave and emitting the acoustic wave from the parabolic surface;
An acoustic lighting apparatus comprising: a support position of the support means; and a control means for controlling directivity of an acoustic wave generated by the speaker. The acoustic lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the speaker is an electrostatic speaker having a vibrating membrane and an electrode constituting the paraboloid. The electrode is composed of a plurality of concentric inner electrode units that are electrically insulated from each other,
The acoustic illumination device according to claim 2, wherein the vibration film has a curved surface corresponding to the paraboloid.

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