JP2008208198A - Diesel engine fuel consisting of edible oil and beef tallow, and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Diesel engine fuel consisting of edible oil and beef tallow, and method for producing the same Download PDFInfo
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- JP2008208198A JP2008208198A JP2007045447A JP2007045447A JP2008208198A JP 2008208198 A JP2008208198 A JP 2008208198A JP 2007045447 A JP2007045447 A JP 2007045447A JP 2007045447 A JP2007045447 A JP 2007045447A JP 2008208198 A JP2008208198 A JP 2008208198A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、食用油、特に使用済みの廃食用油と焼却処分されている牛脂をディーゼルエンジン燃料として使用できるようにするものである。 The present invention makes it possible to use edible oils, in particular used waste edible oils and beef tallow that has been incinerated, as diesel engine fuel.
ディーゼルエンジンの燃料としては、軽油が一般的に使用されているが、最近、環境対策の面から、ディーゼルエンジンに菜種油、大豆油などの食用油あるいは調理に使用した後の廃棄食用油を利用することが試みられている。 As diesel engine fuel, diesel oil is generally used. Recently, from the viewpoint of environmental measures, edible oil such as rapeseed oil and soybean oil or waste cooking oil after cooking is used for diesel engines. It has been tried.
従来、家庭、飲食店などにおいて使用済みとなった廃食用油は、廃棄処分としたり、また、希釈剤や添加剤を廃食用油に添加したりしている。また、廃食用油を加熱しての粘度を低下させ、ディーゼル発電機の燃料とすることが提案されている。
植物を原料とする食用油あるいは魚油は、粘度が高く、また、揮発性が低いのでディーゼルエンジンの燃料としては問題が多いが、希釈剤、添加剤を加えたり、加熱手段を使用して粘度を低下させてディーゼルエンジンの燃料として使用していた。 Edible oils or fish oils made from plants have high viscosity and low volatility, so there are many problems as fuel for diesel engines. However, it is difficult to add diluents or additives, or use heating means to increase the viscosity. It was reduced and used as fuel for diesel engines.
一方、BSEの問題が発生して以来、化粧品、石鹸、食品への油脂成分の原料として使用されていた牛脂が、人体に影響の恐れから敬遠されて使用されなくなり、牛脂の使用分野が減少したため余剰の牛脂を焼却処分しなければならない状況となった。 On the other hand, since the BSE problem occurred, beef tallow, which has been used as a raw material for fats and oils in cosmetics, soaps, and foods, was refrained from being used due to fear of impact on the human body, and the use field of tallow decreased The surplus beef tallow had to be incinerated.
牛脂は常温では固体であり、そのままではディーゼルエンジン用燃料としては不適である。 Beef tallow is solid at room temperature and is not suitable as a diesel engine fuel.
本発明は、焼却処分されていた牛脂の資源化を図るものであり、廃食用油に希釈剤や添加剤を用いることなく、ディーゼルエンジン用燃料として使用できるようにするものである。 The present invention is intended to recycle the beef tallow that has been incinerated, and can be used as fuel for diesel engines without using diluents or additives in waste cooking oil.
植物油や魚油等の食用油、もしくは、それらの使用済みの廃食用油に牛脂を撹拌混合したディーゼルエンジン燃料である。 It is a diesel engine fuel in which beef tallow is agitated and mixed with edible oils such as vegetable oil and fish oil, or used waste edible oils.
また、更に、廃食用油に牛脂を撹拌混合したものにエタノールもしくはイソプロピルアルコール・メチルアルコール・ブタノール等のアルコール2〜10重量%添加したディーゼルエンジン燃料である。 Furthermore, it is a diesel engine fuel obtained by adding 2 to 10% by weight of alcohol such as ethanol or isopropyl alcohol / methyl alcohol / butanol to a mixture of beef tallow mixed with waste cooking oil.
廃食用油に対する牛脂の混合量は、60重量%以下であり、より好ましい牛脂の添加量は、食用油に対し50重量%以下である。 The amount of beef tallow mixed with waste edible oil is 60% by weight or less, and the more preferable amount of beef tallow added is 50% by weight or less with respect to edible oil.
本発明において使用できる食用油は、特に限定されず、食用油として市販されているもの、すなわち、大豆油、ひまわり油、菜種油、ゴマ油、トウモロコシ油、パーム油、紅花油、オリーブ油、ヤシ油、綿実油、米油等からなる天ぷら油及びサラダ油、若しくは、それらを調理に使用した残りの廃食用油である。 The edible oil that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited and is commercially available as edible oil, that is, soybean oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, sesame oil, corn oil, palm oil, safflower oil, olive oil, coconut oil, cottonseed oil Tempura oil and salad oil consisting of rice oil or the like, or the remaining waste cooking oil used for cooking.
食用油は、室温で液体であり、主成分はほとんどが不飽和脂肪酸で、リノール酸、リノレン酸、オレイン酸などが代表的なものである。 Edible oil is liquid at room temperature, and the main component is mostly unsaturated fatty acids, and linoleic acid, linolenic acid, oleic acid and the like are representative.
食用油は、植物由来に限定されるものでなく、魚類から得られる脂肪油をも含み、イワシ油、ニシン油、サンマ油及び鯨油などがある。これら魚油は主に直鎖状カルボン酸類である。 Edible oils are not limited to plants, but also include fatty oils obtained from fish, including sardine oil, herring oil, saury oil, and whale oil. These fish oils are mainly linear carboxylic acids.
牛脂は、食肉処理場から廃棄物として排出されるものである。 Beef tallow is discharged as waste from the slaughterhouse.
牛脂は常温では固体であり、そのままではディーゼルエンジン用燃料としてはまったく使用できないものであったが、廃食用油に混合すると、その粘度が両者の平均値とはならず、廃食用油の粘度とほぼ同じレベルとなり、常温においてはディーゼルエンジン用燃料として使用可能であり、ディーゼルエンジンに対して特段の悪影響を与えることなく、エンジンが作動する。焼却処分するしかなかった牛脂をディーゼルエンジン燃料として有効利用することができるようになった。 Beef tallow is solid at room temperature and cannot be used as a diesel engine fuel at all.However, when mixed with waste cooking oil, its viscosity does not become the average of both, and the viscosity of waste cooking oil It becomes almost the same level and can be used as a fuel for a diesel engine at room temperature, and the engine operates without any particular adverse effect on the diesel engine. Beef tallow that had to be incinerated can now be used effectively as diesel engine fuel.
実施例
以下、本発明を実施例に基づいて説明する。
実験例
調理用に使用された後廃棄され、回収された廃食用油と牛脂の混合割合を変化させて常温で撹拌混合してサンプルを調製した。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on examples.
Experimental Example Samples were prepared by changing the mixing ratio of waste cooking oil and beef tallow, which was discarded after being used for cooking, and stirring at room temperature.
牛脂と廃食用油の混合物を常温に冷却し、何も加えないもの、エタノール・イソプロピルアルコール・メチルアルコール・ブタノール等のアルコールを2、10重量%を加えたものの粘度を各配合割合において計測した。その結果を図1の表に示す。計測温度は30℃である。 The mixture of beef tallow and waste edible oil was cooled to room temperature, and the viscosity of a mixture in which nothing was added and in which 2, 10% by weight of an alcohol such as ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, or butanol was added was measured at each blending ratio. The results are shown in the table of FIG. The measured temperature is 30 ° C.
図1に示されるように、混合物の見かけ粘度は、アルコールを添加しないもので、廃食用油の割合がゼロ(牛脂100%)のとき、0.58Pa・sであり、廃食用油の割合が100%のとき0.04Pa・sである。 As shown in FIG. 1, the apparent viscosity of the mixture is that without adding alcohol, and when the proportion of waste edible oil is zero (100% beef tallow), it is 0.58 Pa · s, and the proportion of waste edible oil is At 100%, it is 0.04 Pa · s.
廃食用油の割合を増加させていくと、見かけ粘度が急激に減少することが認められ、廃食用油の割合が70%を超えると、見掛け粘度は廃食用油単独の場合の粘度とほぼ変わらないことが認められた。 As the proportion of waste edible oil increases, the apparent viscosity decreases sharply. When the proportion of waste edible oil exceeds 70%, the apparent viscosity is almost the same as that of waste edible oil alone. It was recognized that there was no.
牛脂と廃食用油の混合物にエタノールを加えると見かけ粘度が減少する傾向が認められた。エタノール添加量が混合物に対して2重量%では、その効果は小さく、測定誤差の範囲であるが、10重量%の添加では、大きな見かけ粘度の低下が認められ、廃食用油の割合が60%を超えると、廃食用油単独のみかけ粘度とほぼ同等となることが認められた。 When ethanol was added to a mixture of beef tallow and waste cooking oil, the apparent viscosity tended to decrease. When the added amount of ethanol is 2% by weight with respect to the mixture, the effect is small and the measurement error is within the range. However, when the added amount is 10% by weight, a large decrease in apparent viscosity is observed, and the ratio of waste cooking oil is 60%. It was found that the excess viscosity exceeded that of the apparent viscosity of the cooking oil alone.
牛脂と廃食油の混合物の見かけ粘度が急激に低下する混合割合が存在することを述べたが、その原因は牛脂の固化温度が廃食用油との混合割合の変化に応じて変化するものと考えられ、牛脂と廃食用油の混合物における牛脂の固化温度の変化について以下の方法で観測した。 We mentioned that there is a mixing ratio where the apparent viscosity of the mixture of beef tallow and waste cooking oil suddenly decreases, but the cause is considered that the solidification temperature of tallow changes according to the change in the mixing ratio with waste cooking oil. The change in the solidification temperature of beef tallow in a mixture of beef tallow and waste cooking oil was observed by the following method.
観測方法は、牛脂の流動を客観的に測定できるように流動を可視化し、そのときの温度を測定するもので、図2に示すように、牛脂と廃食用油の混合物のサンプルを真鍮製のプレート上にキャストし、プレートを加熱して徐々に昇温した。サンプルの温度は熱電対で随時測定した。 The observation method is to visualize the flow so that the flow of beef tallow can be measured objectively, and measure the temperature at that time. As shown in FIG. 2, a sample of the mixture of beef tallow and waste cooking oil is made of brass. It was cast on a plate, and the temperature was gradually raised by heating the plate. The temperature of the sample was measured with a thermocouple as needed.
サンプルに赤色のレーザ光線を照射し、CCDカメラでモニタで観察した。温度の上昇にともなってサンプルが変形を始めると、レーザ光線が乱れ、ギラツキとして観察可能となる、このときの温度計の読みを固化温度とした。 The sample was irradiated with a red laser beam and observed on a monitor with a CCD camera. When the sample started to be deformed as the temperature increased, the laser beam was disturbed and became observable as glare. The thermometer reading at this time was defined as the solidification temperature.
測定結果を図3に示す。牛脂が10%以下のサンプルは測定時に溶融している状態であったので、固化温度は保存冷蔵庫の温度4℃以下であるといえる。
牛脂が100%の場合、上記の観察方法によって、13.3℃で流動性が認められた。これに廃食用油を加えていくと固化温度が低下していくことが認められたことから、牛脂に廃食用油を加えることが牛脂の固化温度を低下させるので混合物のみかけ粘度も低下するものと考えられる。
The measurement results are shown in FIG. Since samples with beef tallow of 10% or less were in a molten state at the time of measurement, it can be said that the solidification temperature is 4 ° C. or less in the storage refrigerator.
When the beef tallow was 100%, fluidity was observed at 13.3 ° C. by the above observation method. Since it was recognized that the solidification temperature decreases when waste cooking oil is added to this, the addition of waste cooking oil to beef tallow will reduce the solidification temperature of beef tallow, so the viscosity will also decrease over the mixture it is conceivable that.
本発明のディーゼルエンジン用燃料は、乗用車、トラックをはじめ、フォークリフト、トラクター、船舶等の移動体だけでなく、発電機用のディーゼルエンジンなど、様々の分野で使用できる。 The fuel for a diesel engine of the present invention can be used in various fields such as a diesel engine for a generator as well as a moving body such as a passenger car, a truck, a forklift, a tractor, and a ship.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2011202014A (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-10-13 | Maekawa Seisakusho:Kk | Biofuel-producing method and apparatus for producing biofuel from edible oil waste, and apparatus for producing blended fuel |
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JPH04222311A (en) * | 1990-12-22 | 1992-08-12 | Kato Mamoru | Method and apparatus for converting waste oils and fats of vegetable and animal origin to fuel |
JP2002265961A (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2002-09-18 | Shainin:Kk | Low-pollution light oil |
JP2003003175A (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-01-08 | Mayekawa Mfg Co Ltd | Method for mixed waste oil modification and method for resource saving by mixed waste oil |
JP2004210870A (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2004-07-29 | Ishibashi Sekiyu:Kk | Composition for fuel |
WO2005063951A1 (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2005-07-14 | Seishiro Murakami | Method of treating fat or oil |
JP2006257269A (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2006-09-28 | Cbe:Kk | Bio-fuel for diesel |
WO2007013166A1 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-01 | Dawn Of The World Corporation | Biodiesel fuel and process for production thereof |
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Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH04222311A (en) * | 1990-12-22 | 1992-08-12 | Kato Mamoru | Method and apparatus for converting waste oils and fats of vegetable and animal origin to fuel |
JP2002265961A (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2002-09-18 | Shainin:Kk | Low-pollution light oil |
JP2003003175A (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-01-08 | Mayekawa Mfg Co Ltd | Method for mixed waste oil modification and method for resource saving by mixed waste oil |
JP2004210870A (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2004-07-29 | Ishibashi Sekiyu:Kk | Composition for fuel |
WO2005063951A1 (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2005-07-14 | Seishiro Murakami | Method of treating fat or oil |
JP2006257269A (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2006-09-28 | Cbe:Kk | Bio-fuel for diesel |
WO2007013166A1 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-01 | Dawn Of The World Corporation | Biodiesel fuel and process for production thereof |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2011202014A (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-10-13 | Maekawa Seisakusho:Kk | Biofuel-producing method and apparatus for producing biofuel from edible oil waste, and apparatus for producing blended fuel |
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