JP2008202763A - Bearing assembling method - Google Patents

Bearing assembling method Download PDF

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JP2008202763A
JP2008202763A JP2007042814A JP2007042814A JP2008202763A JP 2008202763 A JP2008202763 A JP 2008202763A JP 2007042814 A JP2007042814 A JP 2007042814A JP 2007042814 A JP2007042814 A JP 2007042814A JP 2008202763 A JP2008202763 A JP 2008202763A
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inner ring
raceway
outer ring
bearing
wheel
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JP4899921B2 (en
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Yasuhiro Shiono
泰宏 塩野
Takeyasu Kaneko
剛康 金子
Masaru Hashida
勝 橋田
Takashi Sakaguchi
尚 坂口
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
    • F16C43/04—Assembling rolling-contact bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F16C19/186—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with three raceways provided integrally on parts other than race rings, e.g. third generation hubs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bearing assembling method for stably and accurately filling a predetermined amount of lubricant (grease) into double-row raceway portions. <P>SOLUTION: The assembling method is provided for a bearing which has an inner ring 2 to be rotated with a wheel, an outer ring 4 fixed to a vehicle body side and normally kept in a non-rotated condition, and a plurality of rolling elements 8 incorporated in double rows between raceway surfaces G1, G2 and S1, S2 of the inner and outer rings in the condition of being held by a cage 6. A pitch circle diameter PCD1 of a wheel side raceway train is larger than a pitch circle diameter PCD2 of a vehicle body side raceway train (PCD1>PCD2). The plurality of rolling elements are incorporated into the raceway surface of the outer ring in the condition of being held by the cage, lubricant is applied to at least the wheel side raceway portion, and the outer ring is assembled on the inner ring. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、車輪用の軸受を組み立てるための軸受組立方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a bearing assembly method for assembling a bearing for a wheel.

従来、例えば車輪側(アウトボード側)と車体側(インボード側)とに転動体の軌道面が複列で形成された車輪用の軸受が知られている。その一例として特許文献１,２には、車輪(ホイール)が固定されて共に回転する車体側の部品であるハブが内輪に一体化された軸受が示されている。このような軸受を組み立てる場合、ハブ(内輪)に対して軸受構成品(例えば、外輪、保持器、転動体)を組み込んだ後、車体側(インボード側)のシールを組み込む前に、当該車体側から潤滑剤(例えば、グリース)を複列の軌道部(外側軌道面、内側軌道面、保持器、転動体)に封入している。   Conventionally, for example, a wheel bearing in which raceways of rolling elements are formed in double rows on a wheel side (outboard side) and a vehicle body side (inboard side) is known. As an example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 show a bearing in which a hub, which is a vehicle-side component that rotates together with a wheel fixed thereto, is integrated with an inner ring. When assembling such a bearing, after assembling the bearing components (e.g., outer ring, cage, rolling element) to the hub (inner ring), before assembling the vehicle body side (inboard side) seal, From the side, lubricant (for example, grease) is sealed in double row raceways (outer raceway surface, inner raceway surface, cage, rolling element).

また、近年では、車輪側軌道列のピッチ円直径ＰＣＤと、車体側軌道列のピッチ円直径ＰＣＤとが異なる軸受が提案されている(例えば、特許文献３)。ここで、ピッチ円直径ＰＣＤは、軸受に複数の転動体を組み込んだ状態で、各転動体の中心を含む円の直径として規定することができる。   In recent years, bearings have been proposed in which the pitch circle diameter PCD of the wheel side track train and the pitch circle diameter PCD of the vehicle body side track train are different (for example, Patent Document 3). Here, the pitch circle diameter PCD can be defined as the diameter of a circle including the center of each rolling element in a state where a plurality of rolling elements are incorporated in the bearing.

ところで、このように車輪側軌道列のピッチ円直径ＰＣＤが車体側軌道列のピッチ円直径ＰＣＤよりも大きく設定された軸受構造では、複列の軌道部に所定量の潤滑剤(グリース)を安定して且つ確実に封入することが困難になってしまう。
実用新案登録第２６０００５４号公報 特開２００１−３２３９４０号公報 特開２００４−１０８４４９号公報 By the way, in the bearing structure in which the pitch circle diameter PCD of the wheel side track row is set larger than the pitch circle diameter PCD of the vehicle body side race row, a predetermined amount of lubricant (grease) is stably applied to the double row raceway portions. And it becomes difficult to reliably enclose.
Utility Model Registration No. 2600054 JP 2001-323940 A JP 2004-108449 A

本発明は、このような問題を解決するためになされており、その目的は、複列の軌道部に所定量の潤滑剤(グリース)を安定して且つ確実に封入することが可能な軸受組立方法を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a bearing assembly capable of stably and surely enclosing a predetermined amount of lubricant (grease) in a double row raceway portion. It is to provide a method.

このような目的を達成するために、本発明は、車輪と共に回転する内輪と、内輪に対向配置され且つ車体側に固定されて常時非回転状態に維持された外輪と、内外輪の対向面にそれぞれ複列で形成された軌道面間に保持器で保持された状態で組み込まれた複数の転動体とを備えており、車輪側軌道列のピッチ円直径ＰＣＤ１が、車体側軌道列のピッチ円直径ＰＣＤ２よりも大きく(ＰＣＤ１＞ＰＣＤ２)なるように構成された軸受の組立方法であって、外輪の軌道面に対して複数の転動体を保持器で保持した状態で組み込み、少なくとも車輪側軌道部に潤滑剤を塗布し、外輪を内輪に組み付ける。   In order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides an inner ring that rotates together with a wheel, an outer ring that is disposed opposite to the inner ring and that is fixed to the vehicle body and is maintained in a non-rotating state, and an opposite surface of the inner and outer rings. A plurality of rolling elements incorporated in a state of being held by a cage between the raceway surfaces formed in a double row, and the pitch circle diameter PCD1 of the wheel side raceway row is the pitch circle of the vehicle body side raceway row. A method of assembling a bearing configured to have a diameter larger than PCD2 (PCD1> PCD2), wherein a plurality of rolling elements are incorporated into a raceway surface of an outer ring while being held by a cage, and at least a wheel side raceway portion Apply lubricant to the outer ring and assemble the outer ring to the inner ring.

この場合、車輪側軌道部のうち、少なくとも外輪側軌道部に潤滑剤を塗布し、当該外輪を内輪に組み付けても良いし、或いは、予め内輪の車輪側の軌道面に潤滑剤を塗布した後、当該外輪を内輪に組み付けても良い。   In this case, the lubricant may be applied to at least the outer ring side track portion of the wheel side track portion, and the outer ring may be assembled to the inner ring, or after the lubricant is previously applied to the wheel side track surface of the inner ring. The outer ring may be assembled to the inner ring.

このような本発明において、内輪には、当該内輪を車輪に接続するためのハブフランジが突設されている。また、軸受は、内輪に固定可能な内輪構成体を備えており、各軌道面に対して保持器で保持された状態で複数の転動体が複列に組み込まれた外輪を内輪に組み付けた後、内輪構成体を内輪に固定することで、複列の各転動体は、所定の予圧が付与された状態で内外輪の軌道面間に組み込まれる。更に、内輪構成体は、内輪の軸方向端部の加締め領域を塑性変形させて、当該加締め領域を内輪構成体の周端面に沿って加締めることで内輪に固定される。   In the present invention, the inner ring is provided with a hub flange for connecting the inner ring to the wheel. In addition, the bearing has an inner ring structure that can be fixed to the inner ring, and after the outer ring in which a plurality of rolling elements are assembled in a double row is assembled to the inner ring while being held by a cage with respect to each raceway surface. By fixing the inner ring constituting body to the inner ring, the double row rolling elements are incorporated between the raceway surfaces of the inner and outer rings in a state where a predetermined preload is applied. Furthermore, the inner ring structure is fixed to the inner ring by plastically deforming the crimping region at the axial end of the inner ring and crimping the crimping region along the peripheral end surface of the inner ring structure.

本発明によれば、複列の軌道部に所定量の潤滑剤(グリース)を安定して且つ確実に封入することが可能な軸受組立方法を実現することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a bearing assembling method capable of stably and surely enclosing a predetermined amount of lubricant (grease) in a double row of raceways.

以下、本発明の一実施の形態に係る軸受組立方法について、添付図面を参照して説明する。なお、ここでは一例として従動輪用の軸受を組み立てる方法を想定するが、駆動輪用の軸受にも適用することができる。
図１(ａ)には、従動輪用の軸受(軸受ユニットとも言う)が示されており、当該軸受は、車輪と共に回転する内輪２と、内輪２に対向配置され且つ車体側に固定されて常時非回転状態に維持される外輪４と、内外輪2,4の対向面2m,4mにそれぞれ複列で形成された軌道面G1,G2,S1,S2間に保持器６で保持された状態で組み込まれた複数の転動体８とを備えている。なお、保持器６としては、例えば冠形保持器、波形保持器、かご形保持器、合せ保持器など各種の保持器を適用することができるが、転動体として玉を採用した場合は冠形保持器、円すいころ軸受とした場合はかご形保持器を適用することが好ましい。 Hereinafter, a bearing assembling method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, as an example, a method of assembling a bearing for a driven wheel is assumed, but it can also be applied to a bearing for a driving wheel.
FIG. 1A shows a bearing for a driven wheel (also referred to as a bearing unit). The bearing is disposed opposite to the inner ring 2 that rotates together with the wheel, and is fixed to the vehicle body side. A state in which the outer ring 4 is maintained in a non-rotating state at all times and the cage 6 is held between the raceway surfaces G1, G2, S1, and S2 formed in double rows on the opposing surfaces 2m and 4m of the inner and outer rings 2 and 4, respectively. And a plurality of rolling elements 8 incorporated in the above. As the retainer 6, various retainers such as a coronal retainer, a corrugated retainer, a cage retainer, and a mating retainer can be applied. However, when a ball is used as a rolling element, a coron retainer can be used. In the case of a cage and a tapered roller bearing, it is preferable to apply a cage cage.

かかる軸受は、車輪側軌道列のピッチ円直径ＰＣＤ１が車体側軌道列のピッチ円直径ＰＣＤ２よりも大きく(ＰＣＤ１＞ＰＣＤ２)なるように構成されている。ここで、ピッチ円直径ＰＣＤは、軌道部(軌道面、保持器、転動体)の外径と内径との平均値で近似された径寸法として規定することができる。例えば内輪２の対向面(外周面)２ｍに複列で形成された軌道面G1,G2のうち、車輪側軌道列の車輪側軌道面Ｇ１の外径(直径)は、車体側軌道列の車体側軌道面Ｇ２の外径(直径)よりも大きく設定されている。一方、外輪４の対向面(内周面)４ｍに複列で形成された軌道面S1,S2のうち、車輪側軌道列の車輪側軌道面Ｓ１の内径(直径)は、車体側軌道列の車体側軌道面Ｓ２の内径(直径)よりも大きく設定されている。これにより、車輪側軌道面G1,S1間と車体側軌道面G2,S2間とにそれぞれ複数の転動体８を組み込んだ状態において、車輪側軌道列の各転動体８の中心相互を結んで形成したピッチ円直径ＰＣＤ１は、車体側軌道列の各転動体８の中心相互を結んで形成したピッチ円直径ＰＣＤ２よりも大きく(ＰＣＤ１＞ＰＣＤ２)なるように構成されることになる。なお、転動体としてボールを採用した場合、各列のボール径を同じとしても良い。但し、車輪側のボール径を小として、ボール数を多くすると、より剛性を大きくすることができる。   Such a bearing is configured such that the pitch circle diameter PCD1 of the wheel-side track train is larger than the pitch circle diameter PCD2 of the vehicle-body track train (PCD1> PCD2). Here, the pitch circle diameter PCD can be defined as a diameter dimension approximated by an average value of the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the track portion (track surface, cage, rolling element). For example, the outer diameter (diameter) of the wheel side raceway surface G1 of the wheel side raceway row among the raceway surfaces G1 and G2 formed in double rows on the opposing surface (outer peripheral surface) 2m of the inner ring 2 is the It is set larger than the outer diameter (diameter) of the side raceway surface G2. On the other hand, of the raceway surfaces S1 and S2 formed in double rows on the opposing surface (inner circumferential surface) 4m of the outer ring 4, the inner diameter (diameter) of the wheel side raceway surface S1 of the wheel side raceway row is that of the vehicle body side raceway row. It is set larger than the inner diameter (diameter) of the vehicle body side raceway surface S2. As a result, in the state where a plurality of rolling elements 8 are incorporated between the wheel side raceway surfaces G1 and S1 and between the vehicle body side raceway surfaces G2 and S2, the centers of the rolling elements 8 of the wheel side raceway train are connected to each other. The pitch circle diameter PCD1 thus configured is configured to be larger (PCD1> PCD2) than the pitch circle diameter PCD2 formed by connecting the centers of the rolling elements 8 of the vehicle body side track train. In addition, when a ball | bowl is employ | adopted as a rolling element, it is good also considering the ball diameter of each row | line as the same. However, if the ball diameter on the wheel side is reduced and the number of balls is increased, the rigidity can be further increased.

また、外輪４は中空円筒状を成しており、内輪２の外周を覆うように配置されており、内輪２と外輪４との間には、軸受内部を軸受外部から密封するためのシール部材(車輪側のシール１０ａ、車体側のカバー１０ｂ)が設けられている。なお、シール１０ａは、外輪４に固定された状態で内輪２に対して摺動自在に位置決めされており、一方、カバー１０ｂは、車体側の軸受内部を軸受外部から覆った状態で外輪４に固定されている。また、転動体８として図面では玉を例示しているが、軸受の構成や種類に応じて、コロが適用される場合もある。   The outer ring 4 has a hollow cylindrical shape and is disposed so as to cover the outer periphery of the inner ring 2. Between the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 4, a seal member for sealing the inside of the bearing from the outside of the bearing. (Wheel-side seal 10a and vehicle-body-side cover 10b) are provided. The seal 10a is slidably positioned with respect to the inner ring 2 while being fixed to the outer ring 4. On the other hand, the cover 10b is attached to the outer ring 4 while covering the interior of the bearing on the vehicle body side from the outside of the bearing. It is fixed. Moreover, although the ball | bowl is illustrated in the drawing as the rolling element 8, a roller may be applied according to the structure and kind of bearing.

また、外輪４には、固定フランジ４ａが突設されており、固定フランジ４ａの固定孔４ｂに固定用ボルト(図示しない)を挿入し、これを車体側に締結することで、外輪４を車体側の懸架装置(ナックル)に固定することができる。また、内輪２には、例えば自動車のディスクホイール(図示しない)を支持しつつ共に回転する略円筒形状のハブ(スピンドル)１２が設けられており、ハブ１２には、ディスクホイールが固定されるハブフランジ１２ａが突設されている。   The outer ring 4 is provided with a fixing flange 4a. A fixing bolt (not shown) is inserted into the fixing hole 4b of the fixing flange 4a and is fastened to the vehicle body side. Can be fixed to the side suspension (knuckle). The inner ring 2 is provided with a substantially cylindrical hub (spindle) 12 that rotates together with, for example, a disc wheel (not shown) of an automobile, and the hub 12 is a hub to which the disc wheel is fixed. A flange 12a is projected.

ハブフランジ１２ａは、外輪４を越えて外方(ハブ１２の半径方向外側)に向って延出しており、その延出縁付近には、周方向に沿って所定間隔で配置された複数のハブボルト１４が設けられている。この場合、複数のハブボルト１４をディスクホイールに形成されたボルト孔(図示しない)に差し込んでハブナット(図示しない)で締付けることで、当該ディスクホイールをハブフランジ１２ａに対して位置決めして締結することができる。これにより、ハブ１２を車輪側に接続させることができる。このとき、ハブ１２の車輪側に突設されたパイロット部１２ｄによって車輪の径方向の位置決めが成される。   The hub flange 12a extends outward (outward in the radial direction of the hub 12) beyond the outer ring 4, and a plurality of hub bolts arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction in the vicinity of the extended edge. 14 is provided. In this case, by inserting a plurality of hub bolts 14 into bolt holes (not shown) formed in the disc wheel and tightening with hub nuts (not shown), the disc wheel can be positioned and fastened to the hub flange 12a. it can. Thereby, the hub 12 can be connected to the wheel side. At this time, positioning in the radial direction of the wheel is performed by a pilot portion 12d protruding from the wheel side of the hub 12.

また、ハブ１２には、その車体側の嵌合面２ｎに環状の内輪構成体１６(ハブ１２と共に内輪２を構成する部品)が嵌合(外嵌)されるようになっている。この場合、例えば複数の転動体８を保持器６で保持した状態で内外輪2,4間に組み込んだ後、内輪構成体１６を嵌合面２ｎに形成された段部１２ｂまで嵌合(外嵌)する。続いて、ハブ１２の車体側軸端部の加締め領域１２ｃを塑性変形させて、当該加締め領域(軸端部)１２ｃを内輪構成体１６の周端部１６ｓに沿って加締める(密着させる)ことで、当該内輪構成体１６を内輪２(ハブ１２)に固定することができる。   The hub 12 is fitted (externally fitted) with an annular inner ring structure 16 (a component constituting the inner ring 2 together with the hub 12) on the fitting surface 2n on the vehicle body side. In this case, for example, after the plurality of rolling elements 8 are held between the inner and outer rings 2 and 4 while being held by the cage 6, the inner ring constituting body 16 is fitted to the stepped portion 12b formed on the fitting surface 2n (outside Fit). Subsequently, the caulking region 12c at the vehicle body side shaft end portion of the hub 12 is plastically deformed, and the caulking region (shaft end portion) 12c is caulked (contacted) along the peripheral end portion 16s of the inner ring constituting body 16. Thus, the inner ring component 16 can be fixed to the inner ring 2 (hub 12).

このとき、軸受は所定の予圧が付与された状態となり、この状態において、複列の各転動体８は、所定の接触角を成して内外輪2,4の軌道面G1,G2,S1,S2にそれぞれ接触して回転可能に組み込まれる。この場合、２つの接触点を結んだ作用線(図示しない)は、各軌道面G1,G2,S1,S2に直交し且つ各転動体８の中心を通り、軸受の中心線上の１点(作用点)で交わる。これにより背面組合せ形(ＤＢ)軸受が構成される。   At this time, the bearing is in a state where a predetermined preload is applied, and in this state, each of the rolling elements 8 in the double row forms a predetermined contact angle and the raceway surfaces G1, G2, S1, of the inner and outer rings 2,4. It is assembled so as to be rotatable in contact with each S2. In this case, an action line (not shown) connecting the two contact points is orthogonal to each raceway surface G1, G2, S1, S2, passes through the center of each rolling element 8, and is on one point (action) on the center line of the bearing. Intersect at point). This constitutes a rear combination (DB) bearing.

なお、このような構成において、自動車走行中に車輪に作用した力は、全てディスクホイールから当該軸受を通じて懸架装置に伝達されることになり、その際、軸受には、各種の荷重(ラジアル荷重、アキシアル荷重、モーメント荷重など)が作用する。しかし、軸受は、上述したような背面組合せ形(ＤＢ)軸受となっていると共に、車輪側軌道列のピッチ円直径ＰＣＤ１が車体側軌道列のピッチ円直径ＰＣＤ２よりも大きく(ＰＣＤ１＞ＰＣＤ２)なっているため、各種の荷重に対して高い剛性が維持される。   In such a configuration, all the force acting on the wheel during traveling of the vehicle is transmitted from the disk wheel to the suspension device through the bearing, and at that time, the bearing has various loads (radial load, Axial load, moment load, etc.) are applied. However, the bearing is a rear combination (DB) bearing as described above, and the pitch circle diameter PCD1 of the wheel side track train is larger than the pitch circle diameter PCD2 of the vehicle body track train (PCD1> PCD2). Therefore, high rigidity is maintained with respect to various loads.

次に、上述した軸受の組立方法について、図２〜図４を参照して説明する。
なお、ここでは、保持器６として例えば図１(ｂ)に示された合成樹脂製の冠形保持器を適用する。冠形保持器６は、内外輪2,4間に介挿可能な円環状を成しており、その周方向に沿って所定間隔で複数のポケット６ｐが形成されている。また、各ポケット６ｐの一方側には、開口６ｈが形成されていると共に、当該開口６ｈを一部覆うように突出した爪部６ｎが設けられている。これに対して、各ポケット６ｐの他方側は、周方向に円環状に連続したリム部６ｍで閉塞されている。この場合、開口６ｈから転動体(玉)８を１つずつポケット６ｐ内に挿入すると、各転動体(玉)８は、一対の爪部６ｎによってポケット６ｐから脱落すること無く抱き抱えられた状態で保持される。 Next, a method for assembling the above-described bearing will be described with reference to FIGS.
Here, as the cage 6, for example, a crown-shaped cage made of synthetic resin shown in FIG. The crown-shaped cage 6 has an annular shape that can be inserted between the inner and outer rings 2 and 4, and a plurality of pockets 6p are formed at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction thereof. In addition, an opening 6h is formed on one side of each pocket 6p, and a claw 6n protruding so as to partially cover the opening 6h is provided. On the other hand, the other side of each pocket 6p is closed by a rim portion 6m continuous in an annular shape in the circumferential direction. In this case, when the rolling elements (balls) 8 are inserted into the pocket 6p one by one from the opening 6h, each rolling element (ball) 8 is held by the pair of claw portions 6n without being dropped from the pocket 6p. Held in.

図２(ａ)の工程において、冠形保持器６で保持された複数の転動体(玉)８を外輪４の軌道面S1,S2にそれぞれ組み込む。即ち、外輪４の車輪側(アウトボード側)４outから複数の転動体(玉)８を挿入して、各転動体(玉)８を車輪側軌道面Ｓ１に組み付けると共に、外輪４の車体側(インボード側)４inから複数の転動体(玉)８を挿入して、各転動体(玉)８を車体側軌道面Ｓ２に組み込む。   In the step of FIG. 2A, a plurality of rolling elements (balls) 8 held by the crown-shaped cage 6 are incorporated into the raceway surfaces S1 and S2 of the outer ring 4, respectively. That is, a plurality of rolling elements (balls) 8 are inserted from the wheel side (outboard side) 4out of the outer ring 4 and each rolling element (ball) 8 is assembled to the wheel side raceway surface S1, and the vehicle body side of the outer ring 4 ( A plurality of rolling elements (balls) 8 are inserted from 4 in on the inboard side, and each rolling element (ball) 8 is incorporated into the vehicle body side track surface S2.

本実施の軸受組立方法では、上記図２(ａ)の工程に続いて、少なくとも車輪側軌道部に潤滑剤を塗布する。この場合、車輪側軌道部のうち、少なくとも外輪側軌道部に潤滑剤を塗布しても良いし、或いは、予め内輪２(即ち、ハブ１２)の車輪側軌道面Ｇ１に潤滑剤を塗布しても良い。なお、外輪側軌道部は、外輪４の各軌道面S1,S2に対して複数の転動体(玉)８を冠形保持器６で保持した状態において、各軌道面S1,S2、各転動体(玉)８、冠形保持器６を含めた領域を指す。   In the bearing assembling method of the present embodiment, a lubricant is applied to at least the wheel-side track following the process of FIG. In this case, a lubricant may be applied to at least the outer ring side track part of the wheel side track part, or a lubricant may be applied in advance to the wheel side track surface G1 of the inner ring 2 (that is, the hub 12). Also good. The outer ring side raceway portion has a plurality of rolling elements (balls) 8 held by the crown-shaped cage 6 with respect to each raceway surface S1, S2 of the outer ring 4, and each raceway surface S1, S2, each rolling element. (Ball) 8 indicates the area including the crown-shaped cage 6.

ここで、外輪側軌道部に潤滑剤を塗布する場合、冠形保持器６で保持された複数の転動体(玉)８を外輪４の軌道面S1,S2に組み込んだ状態で、その車輪側軌道列における外輪側軌道部(車輪側軌道面Ｓ１、冠形保持器６、各転動体(玉)８を含めた領域)に潤滑剤を塗布する。また、予め内輪２(即ち、ハブ１２)の車輪側軌道面Ｇ１に潤滑剤を塗布する場合、上記外輪側軌道部に潤滑剤を塗布しなくても良いし、或いは、当該外輪側軌道部に潤滑剤を塗布しても良い。   Here, when the lubricant is applied to the outer ring side raceway portion, a plurality of rolling elements (balls) 8 held by the crown-shaped cage 6 are incorporated in the raceway surfaces S1, S2 of the outer ring 4, and the wheel side Lubricant is applied to the outer ring-side track portion (the region including the wheel-side track surface S1, the crown-shaped cage 6, and each rolling element (ball) 8) in the track train. Further, when the lubricant is applied to the wheel side raceway surface G1 of the inner ring 2 (that is, the hub 12) in advance, the lubricant may not be applied to the outer ring side raceway portion, or the outer ring side raceway portion may not be applied. A lubricant may be applied.

ここで、冠形保持器６で保持された複数の転動体(玉)８が軌道面S1,S2に組み込まれた外輪４の外輪側軌道部に潤滑剤を塗布する方法の一例を示す。
図４に示すように、複数の転動体(玉)８が組み込まれた外輪４を、その車輪側４outが上向きとなるようにセットする。そして、塗布装置のノズル１８を外輪４の車輪側４outに対向させた状態で、圧縮空気によりノズル１８から車輪側４outに潤滑剤(グリース)Ｊを吐出する。この場合、ノズル１８は、周方向に沿って等間隔に複数配列されているため、ノズル１８から吐出された潤滑剤(グリース)Ｊは、外輪４の外輪側軌道部(車輪側軌道面Ｓ１、冠形保持器６、各転動体(玉)８を含めた領域)に沿って周方向に均一に塗布される。なお、ノズル１８の数としては、転動体数と同じ、或いは、その約数、或いは、倍数とすることが望ましい。 Here, an example of a method in which a plurality of rolling elements (balls) 8 held by the crown-shaped cage 6 is applied to the outer ring side raceway portion of the outer ring 4 incorporated in the raceway surfaces S1 and S2 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 4, the outer ring 4 in which a plurality of rolling elements (balls) 8 are incorporated is set so that the wheel side 4out faces upward. Then, with the nozzle 18 of the coating device facing the wheel side 4out of the outer ring 4, a lubricant (grease) J is discharged from the nozzle 18 to the wheel side 4out by compressed air. In this case, since a plurality of nozzles 18 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, the lubricant (grease) J discharged from the nozzles 18 causes the outer ring side track portion (wheel side track surface S1,. It is uniformly applied in the circumferential direction along the crown-shaped cage 6 and the regions including the rolling elements (balls) 8. The number of nozzles 18 is preferably the same as the number of rolling elements, a divisor or a multiple thereof.

この場合、冠形保持器６の組込方向は、そのリム部６ｍが軸受内部に向くように設定することが好ましい。別の言い方をすると、その開口６ｈ(図１(ａ))が軸受外部に向くように設定することが好ましい。これにより、ノズル１８から吐出された潤滑剤(グリース)Ｊは、各開口６ｈからポケット６ｐ内に行き渡ることになり、その結果、外輪４の外輪側軌道部に対する潤滑剤(グリース)Ｊの保持性を向上させることができる。   In this case, it is preferable that the assembling direction of the crown-shaped cage 6 is set so that the rim 6m faces the inside of the bearing. In other words, the opening 6h (FIG. 1 (a)) is preferably set so as to face the outside of the bearing. As a result, the lubricant (grease) J discharged from the nozzle 18 reaches the inside of the pocket 6p from each opening 6h. As a result, the retainability of the lubricant (grease) J with respect to the outer ring side raceway portion of the outer ring 4 Can be improved.

続いて、図２(ｂ)の工程において、外輪４の車輪側４outから当該外輪４にシール部材を組み込む。ここではシール部材の一例として、使用時に内輪２と摺接するシールリップを有するシール部材１０ａを図示するが、これ以外の密封部材でも良い。   Subsequently, in the process of FIG. 2B, a seal member is incorporated into the outer ring 4 from the wheel side 4out of the outer ring 4. Here, as an example of the seal member, a seal member 10a having a seal lip that is in sliding contact with the inner ring 2 in use is illustrated, but other seal members may be used.

このように、外輪４の外輪側軌道部に潤滑剤(グリース)Ｊを塗布した後、当該外輪側軌道部を覆うようにシール部材１０ａを組み込むことで、グリースＪを軸受外部から密封することができる。これにより、当該グリースＪに異物(例えば、大気中に漂う塵埃、他の機械から発生する摩耗粉など)が混入することを防止できるため、これ以降の軸受組立工程に際し、グリースＪの品質を長期に亘って一定に維持することができる。   Thus, after applying the lubricant (grease) J to the outer ring side raceway portion of the outer ring 4, the grease J can be sealed from the outside of the bearing by incorporating the seal member 10a so as to cover the outer ring side raceway portion. it can. As a result, foreign matter (for example, dust floating in the atmosphere, wear powder generated from other machines, etc.) can be prevented from entering the grease J, so that the quality of the grease J can be improved for a long time in the subsequent bearing assembly process. Can be kept constant over the entire range.

これに対して、上述したように予めハブ１２の車輪側軌道面Ｇ１にグリースＪを塗布した後、シール部材１０ａを組み込んだ外輪４をハブ１２に組み付ける場合、シール部材１０ａの内径寸法は、車輪側軌道面Ｇ１の外径寸法よりも大きいため、当該車輪側軌道面Ｇ１に塗布されたグリースＪとシール部材１０ａとが互いに干渉することは無い。これにより、シールリップにグリースＪを付着させること無く、外輪４をハブ１２に組み付けることができる。   On the other hand, when the outer ring 4 incorporating the seal member 10a is assembled to the hub 12 after applying the grease J to the wheel side raceway surface G1 of the hub 12 in advance as described above, the inner diameter of the seal member 10a is Since it is larger than the outer diameter dimension of the side raceway surface G1, the grease J applied to the wheel side raceway surface G1 and the seal member 10a do not interfere with each other. Thereby, the outer ring | wheel 4 can be assembled | attached to the hub 12, without making the grease J adhere to a seal lip.

そして、図２(ｃ)の工程において、冠形保持器６で保持された複数の転動体(玉)８及びシール部材１０ａが組み込まれた外輪４をハブ１２(内輪２(図１(ａ))を構成する部品)に組み付ける。   In the step of FIG. 2 (c), the outer ring 4 incorporating the plurality of rolling elements (balls) 8 and the seal member 10a held by the crown-shaped cage 6 is connected to the hub 12 (inner ring 2 (FIG. 1 (a)). ) Is assembled to the component).

この後、図２(ｄ)の工程において、内輪構成体１６をハブ１２の嵌合面２ｎに形成された段部１２ｂまで嵌合(外嵌)し、当該内輪構成体１６をハブ１２に固定する。この場合、ハブ１２に対する内輪構成体１６の固定方法としては、例えばハブ１２の車体側軸端部の加締め領域１２ｃを加締め固定する方法や、図示しないナットで固定する方法があるが、図面には一例として、加締め固定する方法が示されている。   Thereafter, in the step of FIG. 2 (d), the inner ring structure 16 is fitted (externally fitted) to the step portion 12 b formed on the fitting surface 2 n of the hub 12, and the inner ring structure 16 is fixed to the hub 12. To do. In this case, the inner ring component 16 can be fixed to the hub 12 by, for example, a method of fixing the crimping region 12c at the vehicle body side shaft end of the hub 12 or a method of fixing with a nut (not shown). As an example, a method for fixing by caulking is shown.

続いて、図３(ａ)の工程において、ハブ１２に組み付けられた外輪４と内輪構成体１６との間に向けて、その車体側(インボード側)４inに潤滑剤(グリース)を塗布する。この場合、潤滑剤(グリース)の塗布方法としては、例えば図３(ａ)に示すように圧縮空気によりノズル１８から潤滑剤(グリース)を吐出しても良いし、或いは、上述した潤滑剤塗布工程で、外輪４の車体側軌道部に潤滑剤(グリース)を塗布しておいても良い。   3 (a), lubricant (grease) is applied to the vehicle body side (inboard side) 4in toward the space between the outer ring 4 assembled to the hub 12 and the inner ring component 16. . In this case, as a method for applying the lubricant (grease), for example, as shown in FIG. 3A, the lubricant (grease) may be discharged from the nozzle 18 by compressed air, or the above-described lubricant application may be performed. In the process, a lubricant (grease) may be applied to the vehicle body side track portion of the outer ring 4.

この後、図３(ｂ)の工程において、外輪４の車体側にカバー１０ｂを取り付けることにより、図１(ａ)に示された軸受を完成させることができる。また、特に図示しないが、内輪構成体１６と外輪４との間にシールを設け、潤滑剤(グリース)の漏れを確実に防止するようにしても良い。   Thereafter, in the step of FIG. 3B, the cover shown in FIG. 1A can be completed by attaching the cover 10b to the vehicle body side of the outer ring 4. Although not particularly shown, a seal may be provided between the inner ring constituting body 16 and the outer ring 4 to reliably prevent the leakage of the lubricant (grease).

以上、本実施の形態によれば、車輪側軌道列のピッチ円直径ＰＣＤ１が車体側軌道列のピッチ円直径ＰＣＤ２よりも大きく(ＰＣＤ１＞ＰＣＤ２)設定された軸受の組立に際し、少なくとも車輪側軌道部に潤滑剤を塗布し、外輪４を内輪２(ハブ１２)に組み付けるようにしたことで、当該車輪側軌道部に所定量の潤滑剤(グリース)を安定して且つ確実に封入することができる。   As described above, according to the present embodiment, at the time of assembling the bearing in which the pitch circle diameter PCD1 of the wheel side track train is set larger than the pitch circle diameter PCD2 of the vehicle body side track train (PCD1> PCD2), By applying a lubricant to the outer ring 4 and assembling the outer ring 4 to the inner ring 2 (hub 12), a predetermined amount of lubricant (grease) can be stably and reliably sealed in the wheel side track portion. .

なお、上述した潤滑剤の塗布工程において、外輪４の車輪側軌道部と車体側軌道部との間、例えば軌道面S1,S2間の対向面(内周面)４ｍにも同時に、潤滑剤を塗布するようにしても良い。具体的には、外輪４の各軌道面S1,S2に対して複数の転動体(玉)８を組み込んだ状態で、外輪４の車輪側軌道部に潤滑剤を塗布すると共に、軌道面S1,S2間の対向面(内周面)４ｍにも潤滑剤を塗布した後、該外輪４をハブ１２に組み付ける。   In the above-described lubricant application step, the lubricant is simultaneously applied to the 4 m between the wheel side track portion of the outer ring 4 and the vehicle body side track portion, for example, the opposing surface (inner peripheral surface) between the track surfaces S1 and S2. You may make it apply | coat. Specifically, with a plurality of rolling elements (balls) 8 incorporated in each raceway surface S1, S2 of the outer ring 4, a lubricant is applied to the wheel side raceway portion of the outer ring 4, and the raceway surface S1, S2 is applied. After the lubricant is applied also to the facing surface (inner peripheral surface) 4 m between S 2, the outer ring 4 is assembled to the hub 12.

(ａ)は、本発明の一実施の形態に係る軸受組立方法に用いた従動輪用の軸受の構成を示す断面図、(ｂ)は、同図(ａ)の軸受に適用した保持器の一例を示す斜視図。(a) is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the bearing for driven wheels used for the bearing assembly method which concerns on one embodiment of this invention, (b) is the cage | basket applied to the bearing of the same figure (a). The perspective view which shows an example. (ａ)は、保持器で保持された転動体を外輪に組み付ける工程を示す図、(ｂ)は、外輪に車輪側のシール部材を組み込む工程を示す図、(ｃ)は、(ａ)及び(ｂ)の工程を経た外輪をハブに嵌合する工程を示す図、(ｄ)は、内輪構成体をハブに嵌合する工程を示す図。(a) is a figure which shows the process of assembling | attaching the rolling element hold | maintained with the holder | retainer to an outer ring | wheel, (b) is a figure which shows the process of incorporating the wheel side seal member in an outer ring | wheel, (c) The figure which shows the process of fitting the outer ring | wheel which passed through the process of (b) to a hub, (d) is a figure which shows the process of fitting an inner ring structure to a hub. (ａ)は、内外輪の車体側軌道部に潤滑剤を塗布する工程を示す図、(ｂ)は、外輪に車体側のシール部材を組み込む工程を示す図。(a) is a figure which shows the process of apply | coating a lubricant to the vehicle body side track | truck part of an inner and outer ring | wheel, (b) is a figure which shows the process of incorporating the sealing member of the vehicle body side in an outer ring | wheel. 図２(ｂ)の工程において、外輪に車輪側のシール部材を組み込む前に、外輪の車輪側軌道部に潤滑剤を塗布している状態を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the state which has apply | coated the lubricant to the wheel side track | truck part of an outer ring before incorporating the wheel side seal member in an outer ring in the process of FIG.2 (b).

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

２ 内輪
４ 外輪
６ 保持器
８ 転動体
Ｇ１ 内輪の車輪側軌道面
Ｇ２ 内輪の車体側軌道面
Ｓ１ 外輪の車輪側軌道面
Ｓ２ 外輪の車体側軌道面 2 Inner ring 4 Outer ring 6 Cage 8 Rolling element G1 Wheel side raceway surface G2 of inner ring Vehicle body side raceway surface S1 of inner ring Wheel side raceway surface S2 of outer ring Vehicle side raceway surface of outer ring

Claims (6)

車輪と共に回転する内輪と、内輪に対向配置され且つ車体側に固定されて常時非回転状態に維持された外輪と、内外輪の対向面にそれぞれ複列で形成された軌道面間に保持器で保持された状態で組み込まれた複数の転動体とを備えており、車輪側軌道列のピッチ円直径ＰＣＤ１が、車体側軌道列のピッチ円直径ＰＣＤ２よりも大きく(ＰＣＤ１＞ＰＣＤ２)なるように構成された軸受の組立方法であって、
外輪の軌道面に対して複数の転動体を保持器で保持した状態で組み込み、少なくとも車輪側軌道部に潤滑剤を塗布し、外輪を内輪に組み付けることを特徴とする軸受組立方法。 A cage is provided between the inner ring that rotates together with the wheels, the outer ring that is disposed opposite to the inner ring and is fixed to the vehicle body side and is always kept in a non-rotating state, and the raceway surfaces formed in double rows on the opposing surfaces of the inner and outer rings. A plurality of rolling elements incorporated in a held state, and the pitch circle diameter PCD1 of the wheel side track train is configured to be larger than the pitch circle diameter PCD2 of the vehicle body side track train (PCD1> PCD2). A method for assembling a bearing,
A bearing assembly method comprising: incorporating a plurality of rolling elements with a cage in a raceway surface of an outer ring, applying a lubricant to at least a wheel side raceway portion, and assembling the outer race to the inner race. 車輪側軌道部のうち、少なくとも外輪側軌道部に潤滑剤を塗布し、当該外輪を内輪に組み付けることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の軸受組立方法。   The bearing assembly method according to claim 1, wherein a lubricant is applied to at least the outer ring side raceway portion of the wheel side raceway portion, and the outer race is assembled to the inner race. 予め内輪の車輪側の軌道面に潤滑剤を塗布した後、当該外輪を内輪に組み付けることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の軸受組立方法。   The bearing assembly method according to claim 1, wherein a lubricant is applied to the raceway surface of the inner ring in advance, and then the outer ring is assembled to the inner ring. 内輪には、当該内輪を車輪に接続するためのハブフランジが突設されていることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の軸受組立方法。   The bearing assembly method according to claim 1, wherein a hub flange for connecting the inner ring to the wheel is projected from the inner ring. 軸受は、内輪に固定可能な内輪構成体を備えており、各軌道面に対して保持器で保持された状態で複数の転動体が複列に組み込まれた外輪を内輪に組み付けた後、内輪構成体を内輪に固定することで、複列の各転動体は、所定の予圧が付与された状態で内外輪の軌道面間に組み込まれることを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載の軸受組立方法。   The bearing has an inner ring component that can be fixed to the inner ring. After the outer ring in which a plurality of rolling elements are assembled in a double row is assembled to the inner ring while being held by a cage with respect to each raceway surface, The fixed member is fixed to the inner ring so that each of the double-row rolling elements is incorporated between the raceway surfaces of the inner and outer rings in a state where a predetermined preload is applied. The bearing assembly method as described. 内輪構成体は、内輪の軸端部の加締め領域を塑性変形させて、当該加締め領域を内輪構成体の周端面に沿って加締めることで内輪に固定されることを特徴とする請求項５に記載の軸受組立方法。   The inner ring component is fixed to the inner ring by plastically deforming a crimping region of the shaft end portion of the inner ring and crimping the crimping region along the peripheral end surface of the inner ring component. 5. A bearing assembling method according to 5.
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