JP2008201993A5 - - Google Patents

Description

A coke oven for carbonizing carbon to produce coke is configured by alternately arranging a number of carbonization chambers and combustion chambers via a furnace wall formed of refractory bricks or the like. When producing coke in such a coke oven, first, coal is charged from a coal charging inlet at the top of the carbonization chamber. A high temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher is applied to the coal in the carbonization chamber for about 20 hours by the heat generated in the combustion chamber by burning the gas. As a result, the coal is carbonized to produce a coke cake (hereinafter simply referred to as coke). When coke is manufactured, the doors at both ends of the carbonization chamber are opened, the coke is pushed out from the side of the carbonization chamber by an extruder, and the coke is taken out from the carbonization chamber. The coking chamber for producing coke in this way has a size of, for example, a length of 16 m, a height of 6 m, and a width of about 0.4 m, compared to the length and height. It is characterized by having a narrow structure.

The coke oven is operating long years continuously, it may damage the oven wall of the coking chamber is generated. Therefore, it is extremely important to understand the state of the furnace wall of the coking chamber from the viewpoint of preventing the production capacity of coke from being reduced due to operation interruption or delay due to damage to the coking chamber (hereinafter referred to as carbonization). The furnace wall of the chamber is abbreviated as the furnace wall as necessary).
As a conventional technique for diagnosing the state of the furnace wall, there is a technique described in Patent Document 1. In such a technique, first, the distance between the furnace walls is measured at a certain height of the carbonization chamber, and the measured distance displacement representing the relationship between the distance in the depth direction of the carbonization chamber and the distance between the furnace walls is measured. A line is obtained, and a leveled displacement line obtained by smoothing the obtained actual distance displacement line is obtained. And the sum total of the area of the part enclosed by these measured distance displacement lines and leveling displacement lines is calculated | required, and the state of a furnace wall is diagnosed from the calculated | required area.

The coke oven wall surface evaluation apparatus of the present invention is a coke oven wall surface evaluation apparatus for evaluating the state of the side wall surface of the coking chamber of the coke oven that discharges and operates the produced coke with an extruder . Concavity and convexity information deriving means for deriving concavity and convexity information related to the concavity and convexity generated on the side wall surface of the carbonization chamber based on the image signal of the sidewall surface, and the carbonization based on the concavity and convexity information derived by the concavity and convexity information deriving means. Gradient information deriving means for deriving gradient information related to the gradient with respect to the coke extrusion direction on the side wall surface of the chamber, and the gradient information derived by the gradient information deriving means, are used to index the resistance that coke receives during extrusion. And an indexing means for deriving a resistance index.

The coke oven wall surface evaluation method of the present invention is a coke oven wall surface evaluation method for evaluating the state of the side wall surface of the coke oven of the coke oven in which the produced coke is discharged and operated by an extruder . An unevenness information deriving step for deriving unevenness information related to unevenness occurring on the sidewall surface of the carbonization chamber based on an image signal of the side wall surface, and the carbonization based on the unevenness information derived by the unevenness information deriving step. Using the gradient information deriving step for deriving gradient information related to the gradient with respect to the coke extrusion direction on the side wall surface of the chamber, and the gradient information derived by the gradient information deriving step, the resistance that coke receives during extrusion is indexed. And an indexing step for deriving a resistance index.

The computer program of the present invention is a computer program for causing a computer to execute a process for evaluating the state of the side wall surface of a coking chamber of a coke oven that discharges and operates the produced coke with an extruder. Based on the image signal of the side wall surface of the chamber, based on the unevenness information derivation step derived from the unevenness information related to the unevenness occurring on the side wall surface of the carbonization chamber, the unevenness information derived by the unevenness information derivation step, Using the gradient information derivation step for deriving gradient information related to the gradient with respect to the coke extrusion direction on the side wall surface of the coking chamber, and the gradient information derived by the gradient information derivation step, the resistance that coke receives during extrusion is used as an index. An indexing step for deriving a resistance index that has been converted to a computer is executed.

The front surface of the vertical pole 1, the transparent plate 3a~3d are provided in the height direction at predetermined intervals. The four linear image cameras 5 provided in the vertical column 1 take images projected on the mirror tube 2 through the light transmitting plates 3a to 3d, respectively. That is, the linear image camera 5 captures images of the right and left furnace walls 14R and 14L of the carbonization chamber 11 (see FIGS. 3 and 4).

Here, if there is a recess in the furnace wall 14 of the carbonization chamber 11, the distance between the mirror surface 9 </ b> L and the furnace wall 14 increases as compared with the case where the furnace wall 14 is flat. Then, as shown in FIG. 5B, the image 52 ′ of the laser spot 52 is shifted upward on the screen of the linear image camera 5a. This is because the laser light is projected obliquely from below the linear image camera 5a. On the other hand, when the convex part exists in the furnace wall 14 of the carbonization chamber 11, the distance between the mirror surface 9L and the furnace wall 14 increases as compared with the case where the furnace wall 14 is flat. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5C, the image 52 ′ of the laser spot 52 is shifted downward on the screen of the linear image camera 5a. The amount by which the image 52 ′ of the laser spot 52 shifts up and down is determined by the unevenness amount and the laser projection angle. Since the projection angle of each laser is fixed, the unevenness of the furnace wall 14 can be known from the shift amount of the image 52 ′.

Next, an example of a usage mode of the wall surface observation apparatus 200 will be described. The directivity direction of each linear image camera 5 is set to the right mirror surface 9 </ b> R, and the water cooling lance is advanced into the carbonization chamber 11. When one movement synchronization pulse is generated every time the water-cooled lance moves 40 mm, the A / D converter provided in the wall surface observation apparatus 200 converts the image signal for one line of each linear image camera 5 into an A / D. Convert. Then, the CPU provided in the wall surface observation device 200 is for the right wall surface constituted by the RAM in a state in which the image signal obtained by A / D conversion can be distinguished by which linear image camera 5 was captured. Write to memory area.

When the above processing is completed over substantially the entire length of the carbonization chamber 11 in the depth direction, the directivity direction of each linear image camera 5 is set to the left mirror surface 9L, and the measurement is similarly performed while the water-cooled lance is retracted. .
The wall surface observation apparatus 200 is described in, for example, International Publication No. 00/55575 pamphlet, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-249698, and the like.

And the furnace wall three-dimensional profile data derivation | leading-out part 301 of this embodiment makes the uneven | corrugated amount over the furnace wall 14R, 14L whole of the right side and the left side of the carbonization chamber 11 calculated | required as mentioned above in the mutually opposing area | regions. summed, summed the amount of unevenness (z (1,1) ~z (p , q)) you output to the area specifying unit 302 as the oven wall three-dimensional profile data 701. In addition, the sign of the combined unevenness amount is negative when the furnace wall 14 spreads from a healthy state without unevenness, and positive when the furnace wall 14 narrows. This is because when the coke 51 is pushed out from the carbonization chamber 11, the same catching resistance is generated regardless of which of the left and right furnace walls is deformed. This is because the subsequent calculation becomes simple.
As described above, in this embodiment, furnace wall 3D profile data 701 that is an example of the unevenness matrix data is used as the unevenness information, and the unevenness information deriving unit is realized using the furnace wall 3D profile data deriving unit 301. The

The local resistance index derivation determining unit 304 determines whether to derive the local resistance index k _{i, j} for the region specified by the region specifying unit 302. Specifically, the local resistance index derivation determination unit 304 determines to derive the local resistance index k _{i, j} when the step ΔZ derived by the step calculation unit 303 is larger than the constant δ. Here, the local resistance index k _{i, j} is an index of the resistance that the coke 15 pushed out by the extrusion ram 20 receives from the climbing gradient of the region designated by the region designation unit 302. Thus, in the present embodiment, the local resistance index k _{i, j} is used as the local resistance index.

On the other hand, when the step ΔZ derived this time by the step calculation unit 303 is δ (δ> 0) or less, the local resistance index k _{i, j is set} to 0 (zero).
When the step ΔZ derived this time by the step calculation unit 303 is 0 (zero) or less, the region specified by the region specifying unit 302 has a downward gradient with respect to the coke 15 extrusion direction. In such a case, the resistance which the coke 15 extruded by the extrusion ram 20 receives due to the gradient of the region designated by the region designation unit 302 does not occur. Therefore, when the step ΔZ derived this time by the step calculation unit 303 is less than 0 (zero), the local resistance index k _{i, j obtained} by indexing the resistance is set to 0 (zero). Even if the step ΔZ derived this time by the step calculation unit 303 shows a positive value, if the value is small, the coke 15 pushed out by the extrusion ram 20 is designated by the region designating unit 302. The resistance experienced by the slope of the region is negligible. This is because there is a gap of about 1 to 2 mm called burn-out between the coke 15 and the furnace wall 14. Therefore, in the present embodiment, even if the step ΔZ derived this time by the step calculation unit 303 shows a positive value, if the value is small, the local resistance index k _{i, j is set} to 0 (zero). The constant δ can be set to an arbitrary value of 1 mm or more and 2 mm or less, for example, corresponding to the burn-out amount.

ε is a weighting coefficient whose value depends on the position of the carbonization chamber 11 in the depth direction (direction from the PS side to the CS side ). The first parenthesis (1+ (ε × d) / D ₀ ) represents the weight corresponding to the position in the depth direction. Also, gamma is the weighting factor der value to the position in the height direction is dependent of the oven wall 14 of the coking chamber 11 is, (1) The second parenthesis on the right side of _{(1+ [γ (H 0 -h} ) / H ₀ ]) represents the weight for the position in the height direction . FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the weighting factors ε and γ. Specifically, FIG. 10A is a view showing the furnace wall 14 of the carbonization chamber 11, and FIG. 10B is an example of the relationship between the weighting coefficient ε and the position d in the depth direction of the carbonization chamber 11. FIG. 10C is a diagram illustrating an example of the relationship between the weighting coefficient γ and the position h in the height direction of the carbonization chamber 11.

As shown in FIG. 10B, the weight for the position in the depth direction expressed using the weighting coefficient ε increases as the distance from the PS side (extrusion source) increases. This is because the distance from the extrusion ram 20 to the extrusion ram 20 becomes longer as the unevenness that becomes the extrusion resistance moves away from the PS side, and the force received by the coke 15 at that position from the extrusion ram 20 propagates. It is because it becomes small by loss. That is, even if the state of the furnace wall 14 and the coke 15 is the same, the more the coke 15 is located away from the PS side, the more extrusion load is required. In the present embodiment, the weighting factor ε is defined so that the weighting factor ε increases linearly as the position d in the depth direction of the coking chamber 11 increases.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10C, the weight for the position in the height direction expressed using the weighting factor γ increases as the position is lower in height. This is because the coke 15 at a lower height is more restrained by its own weight, and the deformation of the coke 15 to pass through the uneven portion is less likely to occur. It is. That is, even if the state of the furnace wall 14 and the coke 15 is the same, the lower the coke 15 is, the more extrusion load is required. In the present embodiment, the weighting factor γ is defined such that the weighting factor γ decreases linearly as the position h in the height direction of the carbonization chamber 11 increases.

The local resistance index deriving unit 305 temporarily stores the local resistance index k _{i, j} derived as described above in the local resistance index storage unit 306 configured by the RAM provided in the coke oven wall surface evaluation apparatus 300. Remember.
As described above, in this embodiment, the weighting factor ε is used as the first weighting factor, and the weighting factor γ is used as the second weighting factor.

In FIG. 11 ( c ), for example, the local resistance index k _{i, j} in the regions (12, 3), (13, 3), (14, 3) of the furnace wall three-dimensional profile data 701a is “30”, respectively. “51” and “34”. As described above, when the gradient of the furnace wall of the coking chamber 11 is higher than the gradient determined by the constant δ with respect to the direction in which the coke 15 is pushed out from the coking chamber 11, the local resistance index k _{i, j} is It can be seen that it occurs.

Next, in step S4, the level difference calculating unit 303 obtains a level difference ΔZ in the region (i, j) based on the furnace wall three-dimensional profile data 701 (see FIG. 9).
Next, in step S5, the local resistance index derivation determination unit 304 determines whether or not the step ΔZ obtained in step S4 is larger than a constant δ. As a result of this determination, when the step ΔZ obtained in step S4 is larger than the constant δ, the process proceeds to step S14 described later.

On the other hand, if the step ΔZ obtained in step S4 is equal to or less than the constant δ, the process proceeds to step S6. In step S6, the local resistance index derivation determination unit 304 sets the local resistance index k _{i, j} in the region (i, j) to 0 (zero).
Next, in step S7, the local resistance index deriving unit 305, the local resistance index k _i set in step _S6, temporarily stores the _j in the local resistance index storage unit 306.
Next, in step S8, the local resistance index derivation end determination unit 307 determines whether or not the variable i is a specified value p. The specified value p is a value determined by the number in the horizontal direction (direction from the PS side to the CS side) of the furnace wall three-dimensional profile data 701. If the variable i is not the specified value p as a result of this determination, the process proceeds to step S9, where the area designating unit 302 adds “1” to the variable i. Then, the process of step S4 is performed again.

If it is determined in step S5 that the step ΔZ obtained in step S4 is larger than the constant δ, the process proceeds to step S14. In the step S14, the local resistance index guide out section 30 5 area read the local resistance index k _{i-1, j} of the (i-1, j) from the local resistance index storage unit 306, the read local resistance index k _It is determined whether _{i-1, j} is not 0 (zero). As a result of this determination, if the local resistance index k _{i−1, j} is 0 (zero), the process proceeds to step S16 described later.

On the other hand, when local resistance index k _{i-1, j} is not 0 (zero), the process proceeds to step S15. Proceeding to step S15, the local resistance index deriving unit 305 determines the constants α and β, the weighting factors ε and γ, the length D ₀ in the depth direction of the coking chamber 11, the height H ₀ of the coking chamber, The positions d and h determined by (i, j) are read out. Then, the local resistance index deriving unit 305 calculates the local resistance index k _{i, j} by substituting the read parameter and the local resistance index k _{i−1, j} read in step S14 into the equation ( 1 ). . Then, the process proceeds to step S7 described above, and the local resistance index deriving unit 305 temporarily stores the local resistance index k _{i, j} calculated in step S15.

If it is determined in step S14 that the local resistance index k _{i−1, j} is 0 (zero), the process proceeds to step S16. When proceeding to step S16, the local resistance index deriving unit 305, like step S15, constants α and β, weighting factors ε and γ, length D ₀ in the depth direction of the coking chamber 11, and the height of the coking chamber are set. H ₀ and the positions d and h determined in the region (i, j) are read out. Then, the local resistance index deriving unit 305 substitutes the read parameter into the expression ( 1 ), and substitutes 0 (zero) into the expression ( 1 ) as the local resistance index k _{i−1, j.} k _{i, j} is calculated. Then, the process proceeds to step S7 described above, and the local resistance index deriving unit 305 temporarily stores the local resistance index k _{i, j} calculated in step S16. Incidentally, if the process proceeds to step S1 6, the local resistance index k _{i-1, j} is 0 (zero), since the expression (1) 0 (zero) in the second term on the right side, this step S1 6 Then, the constant β may not be read.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the relationship between the resistance index k determined as described above and the extrusion load. The carbonization chamber 11 having no other factors that fluctuate the extrusion load such as the shortage time of the coke 15 is selected as much as possible, and the furnace wall three-dimensional profile data 701 is derived, and the furnace wall three-dimensional profile data 701 is used as described above. Thus, the resistance index k is calculated. On the other hand, the extrusion load generated when the coke 15 is actually taken out from the carbonization chamber 11 is obtained based on the measured value of a torque meter attached to the motor shaft of the extrusion ram 20. Specifically, the extrusion load (force) is calculated from the torque measurement value and the reduction ratio of the extrusion ram drive mechanism. Here, it says simply extrusion load a place where the pushing load in the process of pushing the coke 15 is maximized. Then, the positions corresponding to the resistance index k and the extrusion load obtained in this way are plotted. As a result of performing the above-described processing on a large number of carbonization chambers 11, a large number of plots are obtained as shown in FIG.

Conventionally, the relationship between the state of the furnace wall 14 of the carbonization chamber 11 and the extrusion load has been investigated. As a method for this, the area of the unevenness generated on the furnace wall 14 is an index representing the state of the furnace wall 14. It was as simple as For example, FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the relationship between the ratio of the depression or overhanging unevenness generated in the furnace wall 14 of the carbonization chamber 11 to an area of 20 mm or more in the entire furnace wall 14 and the extrusion load. . The horizontal axis of the uneven area percentage of 17, the total value of the area of the region irregularity of depressions or overhang is more than 20 mm, divided by the oven wall 14 across the area of the coking chamber 11, multiplied by 100 Value . As shown in FIG. 17, the correlation between the area ratio and the extrusion load is clearly inferior to the correlation between the resistance index k and the extrusion load shown in FIGS. 15 and 16. The inventors of the present application have intensively studied a physical phenomenon in which the furnace wall unevenness becomes a resistance during coke movement, and based on a model that the amount of resistance, that is, the extrusion load, depends on the shape and position of the ascending slope of the unevenness to which the coke hits. We devised to define an index called resistance index. As a result, for the first time, a clear correlation can be obtained between the state of the furnace wall 14 of the carbonization chamber 11 and the extrusion load.

Further, part or all of the image processing performed by the wall surface observation apparatus 200 may be performed by the wall surface evaluation apparatus 300 of the coke oven.
In the present embodiment, the constant δ has a value larger than 0 (zero), but the constant δ may be 0 (zero).
In the present embodiment, the interval for obtaining the image signal in the depth direction of the carbonization chamber 11 is determined based on the surface property of the coke lump 15C having the minimum length in the depth direction of the carbonization chamber 11. This is not always necessary. For example, the length in the depth direction of the coking chamber 11 is the average value (or representative value) of all the coke blocks, and the interval for obtaining the image signal in the depth direction of the coking chamber 11 is determined. You may do it.

Claims (17)

A coke oven wall surface evaluation apparatus for evaluating the state of the side wall surface of the coking chamber of the coke oven that discharges and operates the produced coke with an extruder ,
Unevenness information deriving means for deriving unevenness information related to unevenness occurring on the side wall surface of the carbonization chamber based on the image signal of the side wall surface of the carbonization chamber;
Gradient information deriving means for deriving gradient information related to the gradient with respect to the extrusion direction of coke on the side wall surface of the carbonization chamber, based on the unevenness information derived by the unevenness information deriving means;
An apparatus for evaluating a wall surface of a coke oven, comprising: indexing means for deriving a resistance index obtained by indexing the resistance that coke receives during extrusion using the gradient information derived by the gradient information deriving means. The concavo-convex information deriving means derives concavo-convex information related to the concavo-convex for each of a plurality of regions at predetermined distance intervals set in advance with respect to the side wall surface of the carbonization chamber,
The gradient information deriving means derives the gradient information for each of the plurality of regions,
The indexing means derives a local resistance index obtained by indexing local resistance for each of the plurality of regions received by the coke from the climbing gradient with respect to the coke extrusion direction on the side wall surface of the carbonization chamber, 2. The coke oven wall surface evaluation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the derived local resistance index is aggregated to derive the resistance index for the entire side wall surface of the coking chamber. The concavo-convex information deriving means derives concavo-convex information by adding together the amounts of concavo-convex occurring in regions facing each other of the one side wall surface and the other side wall surface of the carbonization chamber among the plurality of regions.
The coke oven wall surface evaluation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the gradient information deriving unit derives the gradient information using the unevenness information added by the unevenness information deriving unit. The gradient information includes information on the unevenness between the regions adjacent to each other in the coke extrusion direction, which occurs on the side wall surface of the carbonization chamber,
Said indexing means, the wall surface of the coke oven according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the using the values raised to the power level difference of the irregularities of the adjacent region, to derive the local resistance index before Symbol area Evaluation device. The gradient information includes information on the unevenness between the regions adjacent to each other in the coke extrusion direction, which occurs on the side wall surface of the carbonization chamber,
The indexing means, by using said multiplied by a constant local resistance index of the adjacent regions value, any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that deriving the local resistance index before Symbol area The coke oven wall surface evaluation apparatus according to claim 1. The indexing means derives the local resistance index, assuming that there is no resistance that the coke receives at the time of extrusion for an area where the climb gradient in the extrusion direction of the coke is not more than a threshold value among the plurality of areas. The apparatus for evaluating a wall surface of a coke oven according to any one of claims 2 to 5. It said indexing means performs weighting with the Yi to the position of the coking chamber in the depth direction exist in the region, according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that deriving the local resistance index Coke oven wall evaluation system. Said indexing means performs weighting with Yi and exist in the height position of the side wall surface of the coking chamber of the region, it claims 2-7, characterized in that deriving the local resistance index The apparatus for evaluating a wall surface of a coke oven according to item 1. A coke oven wall surface evaluation method for evaluating the state of the side wall surface of the coking chamber of the coke oven that discharges and operates the produced coke with an extruder ,
Unevenness information deriving step for deriving unevenness information related to unevenness occurring on the side wall surface of the carbonization chamber based on the image signal of the side wall surface of the carbonization chamber;
Based on the unevenness information derived by the unevenness information deriving step, a gradient information deriving step for deriving gradient information related to the gradient with respect to the coke extrusion direction on the side wall surface of the carbonization chamber;
An indexing step for deriving a resistance index obtained by indexing a resistance that coke receives during extrusion using the gradient information derived by the gradient information deriving step. The concavo-convex information derivation step derives concavo-convex information related to the concavo-convex for each of a plurality of regions at a predetermined distance interval set in advance with respect to the side wall surface of the carbonization chamber,
The gradient information derivation step derives the gradient information for each of the plurality of regions,
The indexing step, the side wall surface of the coking chamber, from uphill for pushing direction of the coke, derives the local resistance index local resistance of each of the plurality of regions and a finger Shirubeka experienced when coke extrusion 10. The coke oven wall surface evaluation method according to claim 9, wherein the derived local resistance index is aggregated to derive the resistance index for the entire side wall surface of the coking chamber. The concavo-convex information derivation step derives concavo-convex information by adding together the amounts of concavo-convex generated in regions facing each other of the one side wall surface and the other side wall surface of the carbonization chamber among the plurality of regions.
The coke oven wall surface evaluation method according to claim 10, wherein the gradient information deriving step derives the gradient information using the unevenness information added by the unevenness information deriving step. The gradient information includes information on the unevenness between the regions adjacent to each other in the coke extrusion direction, which occurs on the side wall surface of the carbonization chamber,
The indexing step, by using the value raised to the power a step of irregularities of the adjacent areas, according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the deriving the local resistance index before Symbol area of the coke oven Wall evaluation method. The gradient information is information on the uneven step between the regions that are adjacent to each other in the coke extrusion direction, occurring on the side wall surface of the carbonization chamber,
The indexing step, the use value of the local resistance index by a constant multiple of the adjacent regions, in any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that to derive the local resistance index before Symbol area Coke oven wall surface evaluation method as described.   The indexing step derives the local resistance index, assuming that there is no resistance that the coke receives at the time of extrusion for an area where the climb gradient with respect to the coke extrusion direction is equal to or less than a threshold among the plurality of areas. The method for evaluating a wall surface of a coke oven according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the coke oven wall surface is evaluated. The indexing step performs weighting with the Yi to the position of the coking chamber in the depth direction exist in the region, according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that deriving the local resistance index Method for evaluating the wall surface of coke ovens. The indexing step may perform the coking chamber weighting which depends on the height position of the side wall surface of the region, any one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that deriving the local resistance index The coke oven wall surface evaluation method according to Item 1. A computer program for causing a computer to execute a process for evaluating the state of the side wall surface of a coking chamber of a coke oven that discharges and operates the produced coke with an extruder ,
Unevenness information deriving step for deriving unevenness information related to unevenness occurring on the side wall surface of the carbonization chamber based on the image signal of the side wall surface of the carbonization chamber;
Based on the unevenness information derived by the unevenness information deriving step, a gradient information deriving step for deriving gradient information related to the gradient with respect to the coke extrusion direction on the side wall surface of the carbonization chamber;
A computer program for causing a computer to execute an indexing step for deriving a resistance index obtained by indexing the resistance that coke receives during extrusion using the gradient information derived by the gradient information deriving step.