JP2008174548A - Fumigant for controlling harmful organism and controlling method - Google Patents
Fumigant for controlling harmful organism and controlling method Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、農園芸分野における有害生物防除のためのくん蒸剤及びくん蒸方法に関する。更に詳しくは、有効成分としてメチルイソチオシアネートを用い、それを液化高圧ガスに溶解して成る有害生物防除くん蒸剤及びくん蒸方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a fumigant and a fumigation method for pest control in the field of agriculture and horticulture. More specifically, the present invention relates to a pest control fumigant and a fumigation method obtained by using methyl isothiocyanate as an active ingredient and dissolving it in a liquefied high-pressure gas.
メチルイソチオシアネートを土壌くん蒸剤として用いることは、すでに知られている(非特許文献1)。 The use of methyl isothiocyanate as a soil fumigant is already known (Non-Patent Document 1).
また、メチルイソチオシアネートを液化高圧ガスに溶解して成る木材害虫殺虫用くん蒸剤が知られている(特許文献1)。
本発明者らは、下記に示す、くん蒸剤が農園芸における有害生物防除に優れた効果を現わすことを見い出し、本発明を完成した。 The present inventors have found that the fumigant shown below exhibits an excellent effect on pest control in agriculture and horticulture, and has completed the present invention.
本発明によれば、驚くべきことに、上記該くん蒸剤を作物栽培における被覆マルチシート内に使用することにより、従来のメチルイソチオシアネートの土壌くん蒸剤に比べて、より一層有効な防除効果を現わすことが判明した。この本発明による効果は、有害生物として雑草及び病害虫に作用するものである。 Surprisingly, according to the present invention, the use of the fumigant in a coated multi-sheet for crop cultivation provides a more effective control effect than conventional methyl isothiocyanate soil fumigants. It turned out to be forgotten. The effect of the present invention acts on weeds and pests as pests.
そして、本発明のくん蒸剤は、農作物の播種または定植前のマルチシート内に噴射し、有効成分のメチルイソチオシアネートをマルチシート内に均一に充満させることにより、マルチシート内に発生する雑草、病害虫を防除することができる。 The fumigant of the present invention is sprayed into a multi-sheet before seeding or planting of agricultural crops, and the methyl isothiocyanate as an active ingredient is uniformly filled in the multi-sheet, thereby generating weeds, pests generated in the multi-sheet. Can be controlled.
本発明は、液化高圧ガスに溶解しているメチルイソチオシアネートを該液化高圧ガスの圧力を利用して、農作物の播種または定植前のマルチシート内に噴射することから成る有害生物防除方法を提供するものでもある。 The present invention provides a pest control method comprising injecting methyl isothiocyanate dissolved in a liquefied high-pressure gas into a multi-sheet before sowing or planting crops using the pressure of the liquefied high-pressure gas. It is also a thing.
以下、本発明の農園芸用有害生物防除くん蒸剤及び有害生物防除方法についてさらに詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the agricultural and horticultural pest control fumigant and the pest control method of the present invention will be described in more detail.
後記試験例から明らかな通り、本発明のメチルイソチオシアネートを液化高圧ガスに溶解して成るくん蒸剤は、雑草及び病害虫などの農園芸における有害生物防除に優れた効果を現わす。 As apparent from the test examples described later, the fumigant prepared by dissolving the methyl isothiocyanate of the present invention in a liquefied high-pressure gas exhibits an excellent effect for controlling pests in agricultural and horticultural fields such as weeds and pests.
また、上記該くん蒸剤を作物栽培における被覆マルチシート内に使用することにより、従来の土壌くん蒸剤に比べて、より一層有効な防除効果を現わすことが判明した。 Moreover, it became clear by using the said fumigant in the covering multi-sheet in crop cultivation that a more effective control effect was exhibited compared with the conventional soil fumigant.
本発明で用いられる液化高圧ガスとしては、炭酸ガス、プロパン、1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタン、臭化メチル、フッ化スルフリルを挙げることができる。そして実際の使用に際しては、上記例示の液化高圧ガスより選ばれる少なくとも1種を挙げることができ、好ましくは、炭酸ガスを挙げることができる。また、同じく好ましい液化高圧ガスの組み合わせは、炭酸ガスを必須として、それに炭酸ガス以外の上記例示の液化高圧ガスより選ばれる少なくとも1種を加えた混合ガスを挙げることができる。 Examples of the liquefied high-pressure gas used in the present invention include carbon dioxide, propane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, methyl bromide, and sulfuryl fluoride. In actual use, at least one selected from the above exemplified liquefied high-pressure gas can be mentioned, and preferably, carbon dioxide can be mentioned. Similarly, a preferable combination of liquefied high-pressure gases includes a mixed gas in which carbon dioxide is essential and at least one selected from the above-described liquefied high-pressure gases other than carbon dioxide is added thereto.
また、本願発明の該くん蒸剤を被覆マルチシート内に使用する場合、吸気パイプを使用することが、より好ましい態様である。 Further, when the fumigant of the present invention is used in a coated multi-sheet, it is a more preferable aspect to use an intake pipe.
吸気パイプの具体例としては、塩化ビニルタイプ、鉄パイプ、アルミパイプ等を挙げることができ、好例としては塩化ビニルパイブを挙げることができる。 Specific examples of the intake pipe include a vinyl chloride type, an iron pipe, an aluminum pipe, and the like, and a preferable example is a vinyl chloride pipe.
吸気パイプの長さは、25cm〜250cm、好ましくは50cm〜150cmであり、その径は、10cm〜50cm、好ましくは、20cm〜40cmである。
また、吸気パイプは円筒型に限定される必要はなく、半円柱型でもよい。
The length of the intake pipe is 25 cm to 250 cm, preferably 50 cm to 150 cm, and its diameter is 10 cm to 50 cm, preferably 20 cm to 40 cm.
The intake pipe need not be limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be a semi-columnar shape.
本発明における有効成分であるメチルイソチオシアネートと液化高圧ガスの混合割合は、メチルイソチオシアネート1重量部に対し、液化高圧ガスを1〜5重量部、好ましくは1〜4重量部である。 The mixing ratio of methyl isothiocyanate which is an active ingredient and liquefied high-pressure gas in the present invention is 1 to 5 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 4 parts by weight of liquefied high-pressure gas with respect to 1 part by weight of methyl isothiocyanate.
本発明のくん蒸剤は、高圧ボンベに充填して用いることができる。 The fumigant of the present invention can be used by filling in a high-pressure cylinder.
本発明の農園芸用有害生物防除くん蒸剤の好ましい使用場面は、農園芸作物のマルチシート内での栽培における雑草、病害虫の防除である。そして、本発明の対象作物の主な例として下記のものを例示することができるが、これらに限定されるべきものではない。 The preferred use scene of the agricultural and horticultural pest control fumigant of the present invention is the control of weeds and pests in the cultivation of multi-sheets of agricultural and horticultural crops. And although the following can be illustrated as a main example of the target crop of this invention, it should not be limited to these.
また、本発明の防除対象の病害及び対象有害生物の主な例として下記の病害虫及び雑草などを例示することができるが、これらに限定されるべきものではない。 Moreover, although the following pests, weeds, etc. can be illustrated as a main example of the disease of the control object of this invention, and a target pest, it should not be limited to these.
本発明のくん蒸剤をマルチシート内に施用する場合、施用量は、有害生物の種類、発生状況等、又は予防条件等により変えることができるが、一般には有効成分量として、約60kg/ha〜約200kg/ha、好ましくは約80kg/ha〜約150kg/haの範囲とすることができる。 When the fumigant of the present invention is applied in a multi-sheet, the application amount can be changed depending on the type of pest, the occurrence status, etc., or the preventive conditions, but generally the amount of active ingredient is about 60 kg / ha to It can be in the range of about 200 kg / ha, preferably about 80 kg / ha to about 150 kg / ha.
本発明のくん蒸剤の優れた効果を以下の実施例により更に具体的に説明する。しかし、本発明はこれのみに限定されるべきものではない。 The excellent effect of the fumigant of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the following examples. However, the present invention should not be limited to this.
供試薬剤
発明 I:メチルイソチオシアネート20%含有(重量%)の液化炭酸ガス製剤
II:メチルイソチオシアネート30%含有(重量%)の液化炭酸ガス製剤
比較C−1:メチルブロマイド98.5%含有くん蒸剤
C−2:ホスチアゼート1.5%含有粒剤
C−3:シアゾファミド9.4%水和剤
Reagent invention I: Liquefied carbon dioxide preparation containing 20% (weight%) of methyl isothiocyanate II: Liquefied carbon dioxide preparation containing 30% (weight%) of methyl isothiocyanate C-1: Containing 98.5% of methyl bromide Fumigant C-2: Granule containing 1.5% of phosthiazate C-3: Siazofamide 9.4% wettable powder
試験例1 除草効果試験
方法
1区36m2(2m×18m)とし、一年生雑草のスベリヒユとメヒシバの種子を含む土壌(火山灰埴土)からなる各試験区をビニルマルチで覆い、その2日後、高圧ボンベに充填した発明薬剤を試験区の端からビニルマルチ内へ噴射処理した。また、比較薬剤C−1を比較試験区の中央に設置し、くん蒸処理した。
処理7日後にビニルマルチを撤去した。
処理後約10日間隔で薬効を下記の基準で評価した。
薬効: 0=効果なし
4<実用性あり
5 完全枯死(実用性に優れている)
結果を第1表及び第2表に示す。
Test Example 1 Herbicidal effect test Method 1 section 36m 2 (2m × 18m), each test section consisting of soil (volcanic ash dredged soil) containing annual perennial weeds of purslane and barnyard seeds (volcanic ash dredged soil) is covered with vinyl mulch. The inventive drug filled in was sprayed into the vinyl mulch from the end of the test section. Moreover, the comparative chemical | medical agent C-1 was installed in the center of the comparative test section, and it fumigated.
The vinyl mulch was removed 7 days after the treatment.
The efficacy was evaluated according to the following criteria at intervals of about 10 days after the treatment.
Medicinal effect: 0 = no effect 4 <practical use 5 complete death (excellent in practical use)
The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
試験例2 フザリウム菌罹病に対する防除効果試験
方法
前培養として、PDA培地を用いてフザリウム菌を平板培養した。70%エタノールに浸漬した後滅菌水で洗浄したニンジン片(約1cm3)約10個を培地上の菌叢へ置床し28℃で5日間培養した。7月11日、培地から罹病したニンジン片を剥がし、10個を網袋に入れ、これを耕起後ビニル被覆前の圃場へ深度別(5cm又は15cm)に埋設した。
Test Example 2 Control Effect Test for Fusarium Disease Disease Method As a pre-culture, Fusarium bacteria were plated using a PDA medium. About 10 carrot pieces (about 1 cm 3 ) immersed in 70% ethanol and washed with sterilized water were placed on the fungus on the medium and cultured at 28 ° C. for 5 days. On July 11, the diseased carrot pieces were peeled off from the culture medium, 10 pieces were put in a net bag, and this was buried in a field (5 cm or 15 cm) at different depths in the field before vinyl covering after plowing.
試験区内へタンポール(グラスファイバー製トンネル用支柱)を約2mおきにアーチ状に設置後、ビニルマルチでトンネル状に被覆した。2日後、発明製剤を試験区端からマルチ内へ処理した。比較製剤は、試験区中央マルチ内に製品を置いて処理した。マルチの撤去は処理7日後に行った。 Tampoles (glass fiber tunnel struts) were installed in the test section in an arch shape every 2 m, and then covered with a vinyl mulch in a tunnel shape. Two days later, the inventive preparation was processed from the end of the test section into the mulch. Comparative formulations were processed by placing the product in the test center central mulch. The removal of the mulch was performed 7 days after the treatment.
マルチ撤去直後、罹病ニンジン片入り網袋を掘り出し、選択培地を分注したシャーレへニンジン片5ヶずつをピンセットで置き、室温、散光条件下で8日間培養した。 Immediately after the removal of the mulch, a net bag containing carrot pieces was excavated, and 5 pieces of carrot pieces were placed with tweezers in a petri dish to which a selective medium was dispensed, and cultured for 8 days at room temperature under diffused conditions.
フザリウム菌に対する殺菌効果は、選択培地(下記参照)上に置床したニンジン片の周囲の培地上におけるフザリウム菌の菌叢(各接種地点あたり10サンプル)の直径を計測した。各接種地点ごとに菌叢直径の平均値を算出し、各接種地点と、その深度に対応する無処理区の菌叢直径平均値との比較で防除価を求めた。 The bactericidal effect against Fusarium bacteria was measured by measuring the diameter of the Fusarium fungus flora (10 samples per inoculation point) on the medium surrounding the carrot pieces placed on the selective medium (see below). The average value of the flora diameter was calculated for each inoculation point, and the control value was determined by comparing each inoculation point with the average value of the flora diameter in the untreated area corresponding to the depth.
*選択培地の作成法:
リン酸一カリウム1g、塩化カリウム0.5g、硫酸マグネシウム・7水和物0.5g、硫酸ナトリウム2g、ホウ酸0.5g、少量のDMSOに溶解した硝酸エコナゾール5mg、微量要素液0.2ml、クロラムフェニコール0.25g、寒天20gを蒸留水1Lに溶解又は懸濁しオートクレーブで滅菌後L−ソルボース20g、25%イミノクタジン三酢酸塩溶液0.05ml、トリクロフォスメチル水和剤1mgを加えた。(微量要素液:蒸留水95mlにクエン酸5g、硫酸第一鉄5g、硫酸亜鉛・7水和物1g、硫酸マンガン・5水和物0.05g、モリブデン酸ナトリウム0.05gを加えオートクレーブで滅菌後冷所保存)。オートクレーブ後直径9cmの滅菌シャーレに流し込み平板培地として用いた。
* How to make selective media:
Monopotassium phosphate 1 g, potassium chloride 0.5 g, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 0.5 g, sodium sulfate 2 g, boric acid 0.5 g, econazole nitrate 5 mg dissolved in a small amount of DMSO, trace element solution 0.2 ml, 0.25 g of chloramphenicol and 20 g of agar were dissolved or suspended in 1 L of distilled water and sterilized by autoclave, and then 20 g of L-sorbose, 0.05 ml of 25% iminoctadine triacetate solution and 1 mg of triclophosmethyl wettable powder were added. (Trace element solution: 5 g of citric acid, 5 g of ferrous sulfate, 1 g of zinc sulfate / 7 hydrate, 0.05 g of manganese sulfate / pentahydrate, 0.05 g of sodium molybdate and 95 g of distilled water are sterilized in an autoclave. After-cool storage). After autoclaving, the mixture was poured into a sterile petri dish having a diameter of 9 cm and used as a plate medium.
試験結果を第3表に示す。
試験例3 キュウリネコブセンチュウに対する防除効果試験
方法
マルチシートで被覆したネコブセンチュウ汚染圃場に供試薬剤を処理し、その3日後キュウリを定植した。定植2ヶ月半後に被害度を次の基準により類別評価し、根瘤指数を求め、防除効果を求めた。
Test Example 3 Control effect test for cucumber root-knot nematode Method Reagents were treated on a root-knot nematode-contaminated field covered with a multi-sheet, and three days later, cucumbers were planted. After two and a half months of planting, the damage degree was classified according to the following criteria, the root nodule index was determined, and the control effect was determined.
試験例4 ハクサイ根こぶ病に対する防除効果試験
方法
マルチシートで被覆した根こぶ病汚染圃場に発明製剤を処理し、その11日後ハクサイを定植する。
比較としては、C−3の希釈剤(500倍希釈)をハクサイ苗のセルトレイに潅注し、定植した。
Test Example 4 Control effect test against Chinese cabbage root-knot disease Method The inventive preparation is treated in a clubroot-contaminated field covered with multi-sheet, and 11 days later, Chinese cabbage is planted.
As a comparison, C-3 diluent (500-fold dilution) was irrigated into a cell tray of Chinese cabbage seedlings and planted.
定植おおよそ2ヶ月後に掘りおこし、下記の基準により発病状態を評価し、発病指数並びに発病度を求めた。 The planting was dug up approximately two months later, and the disease state was evaluated according to the following criteria to determine the disease index and the disease severity.
試験例5 吸気パイプを用いた除草効果試験
方法
1区(1m×23m)とし、エンバクとイタリアンライグラスを半量づつ混合し、土壌に混和した。各試験区をビニルマルチで覆い、その2日後、高圧ボンベに充填した発明IIの製剤を、吸気パイプ(径20cm、長さ35cm)を用いた場合と用いない場合で試験区の端から噴射処理した。
尚、吸気パイプを用いない場合には、グラスファイバーを用いて、ビニルマルチを持ち上げた。
Test Example 5 Herbicidal Effect Test Using Intake Pipe Method One section (1 m × 23 m) was used, and half of oat and Italian ryegrass were mixed and mixed with soil. Each test section is covered with vinyl mulch, and two days later, the preparation of Invention II filled in a high-pressure cylinder is injected from the end of the test section with and without an intake pipe (diameter 20 cm, length 35 cm). did.
When the intake pipe was not used, the vinyl mulch was lifted using glass fiber.
処理50日後に、噴射点からの距離1m毎の殺草率を調査した。
結果を第6表に示す。
50 days after the treatment, the herbicidal rate was investigated every 1 m from the injection point.
The results are shown in Table 6.
試験例6 吸気パイプの径と長さの違いによるガス膨満試験
方法
1区(2.5m×5m)とし、ビニルマルチで各区を覆い、径と長さの異なる塩化ビニルパイプを用意し、試験区の端から液化炭素ガスを噴射しビニルマルチが完全に膨らむまでの時間を測定した。
径(cm) 長さ(cm)
パイプ A: 10 20
パイプ B: 10 50
パイプ C: 10 100
パイプ D: 20 20
パイプ E: 20 50
パイプ F: 20 100
パイプ G: 20 210
使用ノズル:Vee Jetスプレーノズル
[スプレータイプ:フルコーン、オリフィス径:0.8mm、
スプレー角度:58゜(0.15Mpa時)、
流量サイズ:1、流量(l/分):0.6(0.2Mpa時)、
1.3(1.0Mpa時)]
結果を第7表に示す。
Test example 6 Gas expansion test by difference in diameter and length of intake pipe Method 1 section (2.5m x 5m), cover each section with vinyl multi, prepare vinyl chloride pipes with different diameter and length, test section The time until the vinyl mulch was completely inflated by injecting liquefied carbon gas from the end of the nozzle was measured.
Diameter (cm) Length (cm)
Pipe A: 10 20
Pipe B: 10 50
Pipe C: 10 100
Pipe D: 20 20
Pipe E: 20 50
Pipe F: 20 100
Pipe G: 20 210
Used nozzle: Vee Jet spray nozzle
[Spray type: full cone, orifice diameter: 0.8mm,
Spray angle: 58 ° (at 0.15 MPa)
Flow rate size: 1, flow rate (l / min): 0.6 (at 0.2 Mpa),
1.3 (at 1.0 Mpa)
The results are shown in Table 7.
試験例7 処理の違いによる除草効果試験
方法
1区(4m×50m)のオオイヌタデを主にした試験区を設け、ビニルマルチで覆い、試験例5と同様に発明IIの製剤を下記第8表の処理法にしたがって、各試験区のビニルマルチ内に噴射処理した。処理量は、有効成分量として8kg/10aである。
Test Example 7 Herbicidal Effect Test by Difference in Treatment Method Method 1 A test zone mainly composed of 4 m × 50 m giant scorpion was set up and covered with vinyl mulch. In accordance with the treatment method, injection treatment was performed in the vinyl mulch of each test section. The amount of treatment is 8 kg / 10a as the amount of active ingredients.
処理7日後にビニルマルチを除去し、処理40日後に、殺草率100%を示す噴射点からの距離を測定した。 After 7 days of treatment, vinyl mulch was removed, and after 40 days of treatment, the distance from the injection point showing a herbicide rate of 100% was measured.
結果を第9表に示す。 The results are shown in Table 9.
Claims (7)
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JPS5126352B1 (en) * | 1965-04-02 | 1976-08-05 | ||
JPH08238049A (en) * | 1995-01-05 | 1996-09-17 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | Method for fumigating soil |
JPH10152408A (en) * | 1996-11-21 | 1998-06-09 | Nippon Kunjiyou Gijutsu Kyokai | Insect fumigant for timber pest and method of fumigating timber |
JP2000336003A (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 2000-12-05 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | Aerosol for controlling pest in soil and method for fumigating soil |
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2007
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Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS5126352B1 (en) * | 1965-04-02 | 1976-08-05 | ||
JPS497905B1 (en) * | 1970-10-05 | 1974-02-22 | ||
JPH08238049A (en) * | 1995-01-05 | 1996-09-17 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | Method for fumigating soil |
JPH10152408A (en) * | 1996-11-21 | 1998-06-09 | Nippon Kunjiyou Gijutsu Kyokai | Insect fumigant for timber pest and method of fumigating timber |
JP2000336003A (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 2000-12-05 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | Aerosol for controlling pest in soil and method for fumigating soil |
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