JP2008170092A - Waste oil combustion apparatus and combustion method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste oil combustion apparatus and combustion method attaining efficient recycling of waste oil and reproduction of new fuel, reducing a drop in a flame temperature and the formation of noxious substance such as dioxin, and dispensing with addition of an additive. <P>SOLUTION: Waste oil supplied into a combustion part where waste oil is burned, is branched in two. One of the branched waste oil, i.e., the pressurized waste oil, is taken in from one end side of a spiral pipe disposed winding along the outer peripheral part of the cylindrical combustion part, and jetted from the other end side of the spiral pipe. The other of the branched waste oil passes through a heating pipe provided adjoining the cylindrical combustion part, and is heated with heat blasted from the combustion part. The waste oil output from the heating pipe is input into a filtration tank with a filtration material disposed to filter impurities. The waste oil output from the heating pipe is input, filtered, stored and output. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus and a combustion method, and more particularly to a combustion apparatus and a combustion method that enable efficient reuse of waste oil.

Various technologies for reusing waste oil as fuel have been developed. For example, by adding an organic solvent to waste water containing fat, dissolving the oil and fat such as scum and floss, and further separating and recovering the fat and oil from the organic solvent such as hexane in which the fat and oil is dissolved, Waste oil that efficiently separates fats and oils from the wastewater and reuses the separated fats and oils as fuel, fertilizer, etc., and recycles and reuses the organic solvent from which fats and oils are separated and recovered Patent Document 1 discloses a method for recovering and reusing fats and oils from oil.
Patent Publication 2003-290604 Conventionally, a combustion apparatus for recycling and effectively utilizing waste oil used as a heat source by mixing water with waste oil such as tempura oil and burning it has been put into practical use.

  In the so-called emulsion combustion system, a combustion apparatus using emulsion fuel mixed and stirred by adding a small amount of the additive “AST-1” in a ratio of water 5 to petroleum 5 has been put into practical use.

  However, the conventional methods for recovering and reusing fats and oils from wastewater are mainly intended for recovering and recovering fats and oils, and sufficient reusable fuel cannot be supplied.

  In addition, the conventional combustion apparatus is effective in terms of recycling of waste oil, but the heat of vaporization is generated by the heating of water during combustion, the combustion temperature is lowered, the flame temperature is lowered, and the efficient In addition to the problem that combustion cannot be performed, there arises a problem that harmful substances such as dioxins are generated.

  Moreover, in the conventional combustion apparatus, the mixing ratio of water and waste oil is usually 1: 1, and efficient combustion cannot be performed by mixing water at a higher ratio.

  Furthermore, in a conventional combustion apparatus, it is a principle to use an additive in order to increase combustion efficiency. Fuel oil additives are generally used for liquid fuels, particularly heavy oils, and the like to suppress failures caused by fuels in boilers, heating furnaces, incinerators, and the like.

  For example, an increase in the sludge component (residual carbon) in heavy oil prevents an increase in the amount of soot in the exhaust gas caused by the formation of unburned carbon called cenosulfa during spray combustion, and promotes the action of promoting the thermal decomposition and combustion of heavy oil. Additives are used to suppress unburned carbon by catalysis.

  In addition, ash (V, Na, Ni, Ca, Fe, etc.) contained in heavy oil as an ash modifier and corrosion inhibitor adheres to the high-temperature heat transfer surface in the furnace thickly, reducing heat efficiency due to heat transfer failure. Additives are also used to prevent this.

  Furthermore, additives are also used to eliminate the problem that the low temperature part (gas / air heater, flue, chimney) of the boiler is corroded by sulfuric acid generated as a result of combustion of sulfur compounds in the fuel oil.

  In recent years, there has been a growing demand for lower quality heavy oil due to soaring fuel prices and difficulty in obtaining high-quality crude oil, and further increased demand for recycling, which not only eliminates the need for additives, but also ensures a high proportion of water mixed with oil. Although there is an increasing demand to enable combustion and save fuel, it has not yet been put to practical use or proposed.

  Moreover, in the said conventional combustion apparatus, only the waste oil of oil and water is burned, and it is desired to perform the efficient combustion which raised the ratio of the water in the mixing ratio of the further oil and water. Further, there is a demand for a new fuel generation technique, but there is no proposal for such a technique.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a waste oil combustion apparatus and a combustion method that can efficiently reuse waste oil.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a combustion apparatus and combustion method for waste oil capable of remanufacturing new fuel.

  Still another object of the present invention is to not only reduce the flame temperature, generate less harmful substances such as dioxins, and not only enable efficient combustion even when the mixing ratio of water is small, but also add additives. It is another object of the present invention to provide an unnecessary waste oil combustion apparatus and combustion method.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the waste oil combustion apparatus and combustion method according to the present invention employ the following characteristic configuration.

(1) In a combustion apparatus in which waste oil is pressurized and sent to a combustion apparatus to be burned,
A combustion section in which the waste oil is burned;
A combustion tubular portion that is installed in the combustion portion and through which air that has been heated to a high temperature passes through the waste oil;
A branching part for branching the waste oil fed to the combustion part into two parts;
A spiral pipe in which one of the bifurcated waste oil is wound around the outer periphery of the combustion cylindrical portion, and the pressurized waste oil is taken in from one end side and injected from the other end side;
A heating pipe which is provided adjacent to the combustion cylindrical part, the other of the two divided waste oils passes, and is heated by heat blown from the combustion chamber;
Ignition means for burning waste oil injected from the spiral pipe;
Filtration material for filtering impurities is disposed, a filtration tank that filters and stores and outputs waste oil output from the heating pipe, and
The waste oil jetted from the spiral pipe is burned, the waste oil present in the spiral pipe is heated and jetted from the spiral pipe to burn, and the output from the filtration tank is taken out as regenerated oil, A combustion apparatus configured to take out the filtering material as new fuel.
(2) The combustion apparatus according to (1), wherein the waste oil is mineral oil or vegetable oil.
(3) The combustion apparatus according to (1) or (2), wherein the heating pipe is a spline pipe provided adjacent to the spline pipe and wound around the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion.
(4) The combustion device according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the filtration material of the filtration tank is lignite.
(5) The combustion apparatus according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the waste oil is heated to 300 ° C. with mineral oil.
(6) The combustion apparatus according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the waste oil is vegetable oil heated to 200 to 250 ° C.
(7) The combustion apparatus according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the heating temperature of the waste oil existing in the spiral pipe is 250 ° C. or higher and is pressurized at 225 atmospheres or higher.
(8) The combustion apparatus according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the intake and outlet portion of the waste oil of the spiral pipe is located on one end side of the combustion cylindrical portion.
(9) The combustion apparatus according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the heated air in the combustion cylindrical portion is blown to the outside by a blower through the heating portion.
(10) The combustion apparatus according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein the combustion section chamber is surrounded by a concrete wall.
(11) In a combustion method in which waste oil is pressurized and sent to a combustion section for combustion,
The waste oil is burned in the combustion cylindrical part installed in the combustion part where the waste oil is burned, and the air that has reached a high temperature inside is blown into the combustion cylindrical part by a blower,
The waste oil is branched into two, and one of the waste oils is taken from one end side in a pressurized state into a spiral pipe wound around the outer peripheral portion of the combustion cylindrical portion, and injected from the other end side,
Heating the waste oil by passing the other of the two divided waste oils by a heating pipe provided adjacent to the combustion cylindrical part,
The waste oil injected from the spiral pipe is ignited and burned, after which normal combustion is performed,
Filtering and storing waste oil impurities output from the heating pipe with a filtering material,
The waste oil injected from the spiral pipe is burned, the waste oil present in the spiral pipe is heated and injected from the spiral pipe to burn, and the output from the filtration tank is taken out as regenerated oil, and the filtration material Is a combustion method to take out as new fuel.

  According to the combustion apparatus and combustion method for waste oil of the present invention, it is possible to promote reuse of waste oil used and to generate new fuel with combustion. New fuel can also be easily generated. In addition, a combustion device and a combustion which does not require addition of an additive as well as enable efficient combustion even when the flame temperature is low, generation of harmful substances such as dioxin is small, and the mixing ratio of water is small. A method is obtained.

  Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of a preferred embodiment of the combustion apparatus and combustion method and waste oil recycling apparatus and method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a simplified system diagram showing the overall configuration of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
A combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a waste oil tank 1 that stores and sends waste oil, a combustion apparatus 2 that pressurizes and burns waste oil, a heating unit 3, a filtration tank 4, and waste oil is burned to a high temperature. A blower 6 for sending air to the outside is included.

  The waste oil tank 1 stores waste oil such as oil used as basic fuel, for example, oil used in engine oil, gear oil, tempura, and the like.

  Impurities of the waste oil in the waste oil tank 1 are filtered by the filter 11, passed through the feed pipe 12, pressurized by the plunger pump 13, partly sent to the feed pump 15, and the rest sent to the feed pump 17 via the valve 16. Is done.

  In this embodiment, part of the waste oil is used for combustion and the rest is used for reuse. The amount of waste oil from the plunger pump 13 is adjusted by the valve 14, for example, 10% of the whole is sent to the feed pipe 15, and the remaining 90% is sent to the feed pipe 17 via the valve 16.

  The feed pipe 15 extends into the combustion apparatus 2, and the combustion apparatus 2 is provided with a casing 20 that is a combustion cylinder part composed of a thick cylinder part 21 and a thin cylinder part 22. The thick cylinder portion 21 is installed in the combustion device 2. A spiral pipe 23 connected to a feed pipe 15 wound around a spiral shape (coil shape) is provided on the outer peripheral portion. In the figure, waste oil is pressurized and fed from the left side of the feed pipe 23 and flows into the spiral pipe 23. Waste oil sent from the plunger pump 13 is input to the spiral pipe 23 from the left side of the spiral pipe 23, and is jetted and output from an outlet (nozzle) 24 that becomes a terminal outlet around the thick cylindrical portion 21.

  In one example of the present embodiment, the pressurized pressure of the waste oil sent from the plunger pump 13 is set as 100 atm and a flow rate of 10 L / min, and a flow rate of 1 L / min flows through the feed pipe 15. 16 is adjusted by the valve 14 so that the remaining flow rate of 9 L / min flows. The waste oil fed into the filtration tank 4 is adjusted in the spiral pipe 23 so as to be heated to about 300 ° C. with mineral oil and 200 to 250 ° C. with vegetable oil. The adjustment of the heating temperature is performed by adjusting the amount of waste oil by the valve 16 or the like.

  FIG. 2 shows a simplified cross-sectional view of a more detailed structure near the casing 20. The spiral pipe 23 is configured to start winding from the winding start portion 23X of FIG. 2 and finish winding at the winding end portion 23Y on the outer peripheral portion of the thick cylindrical portion 21 in the casing 20. The waste oil pressurized by the plunger pump 13 is fed into the winding start portion 23X of the spiral pipe 23. The waste oil flowing in the spiral pipe 23 wound around the outer peripheral portion of the thick cylinder portion 21 is heated to the high temperature on the way to the winding end portion 23Y, and passes through the feed pipe 47 (not shown in FIG. 1). It is ejected from the outlet 47A (nozzle structure). The discharged (pressurized and heated) waste oil is burned by a flame (ignition) from a nozzle 74 coupled to an ignition burner 72.

  At the start of the operation of the present combustion apparatus, pressurized waste oil is ejected from the outlet (nozzle) 24 of the spiral pipe 23 and burned by the flame emitted from the nozzle 74. In the nozzle 74, a flame in which the gas supplied from the LPG pump 73 is ignited by the ignition burner 72 is sent into the combustion chamber 2 by the pilot blower 71.

  The waste oil ejected from the outlet 47A of the spiral pipe 23 in this way is burned (plug ignition) by the flame from the nozzle 74 by the ignition at the initial time, so that the thick tube portion 21 is heated. By this heating, the spiral pipe 23 is heated, and the waste oil passing through the inside of the pipe becomes a high temperature (250 ° C. or higher) and is injected. As a result, the combustion of the waste oil becomes very efficient, and thereafter the combustion operation is maintained even without a flame from the nozzle.

  That is, in about 5 to 10 minutes after the start of such initial combustion, the temperature of the combustion cylinder part (thick cylinder part 21) of the casing 20 becomes 600 ° C. or higher, and the spiral pipe 23 on the outer periphery of the combustion cylinder is heated by the remaining heat. And the waste oil therein is also heated. Thereafter, the plunger pump 13 is pressurized so that the pressure in the feed pipe 15 becomes 225 atmospheres (critical pressure) or more, and normal operation is started. In normal operation, the waste oil is heated to reduce the size of the particles and improve the combustion efficiency. As a result, the combustion temperature becomes 1200 ° C. or higher, and no harmful substances such as dioxins are generated.

  From the blower 6, the air adjusted by the air volume adjustment damper 61 is sent into the combustion chamber 2, heated to a very high temperature in the thick cylinder portion 21 constituting the combustion cylinder portion of the casing 20, and sent to the outside. The air is blown toward the inside of the cylindrical heating unit and the drying furnace 5.

  Since the waste oil is burned with high efficiency in the combustion chamber 2 in this way, the waste oil is continuously heated to a high temperature without a flame from the nozzle, and the waste oil newly introduced from the feed pipe 15 also becomes a high temperature. Not only can high combustion efficiency be maintained, but combustion can be maintained even if the proportion of water is greater than that of oil. In the present invention, normal combustion could be confirmed even when the ratio of water to oil was water 1: oil 9. It was also confirmed that no harmful substances such as dioxins were generated.

  In the configuration of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1, pressurized waste oil (adjusted by a valve) sent from the plunger pump 13 is distributed, and a part is sent to the feed pipe 15 and the rest is sent to the feed pipe 17. The For example, 10% of the waste oil is sent to the feed pipe 15 and the remaining 90% of the waste oil is sent to the feed pipe 17 for reuse and refining.

  As described above, the feed pipe 15 is coupled to the spiral pipe 23 and the waste oil is ejected from the outlet 24 and burned, so that the casing 20 of the combustion chamber 2 is heated to a high temperature, and the spiral pipe 23 is also heated. Heated. As a result, the waste oil passing through the spiral pipe 23 is also heated, and the high-temperature waste oil ejected from the outlet 47A promotes very efficient combustion.

  A cylindrical heating unit 3 is provided adjacent to and in contact with the casing 20 of the combustion chamber 2. A spiral pipe 31 similar to the spiral pipe 23 is wound around the outer periphery of the cylindrical heating unit 3, and an outlet 33 thereof is coupled to the outlet pipe 17.

  In such a structure, waste oil sent from the feed pipe 17 is inputted from the inlet 31 of the spiral pipe 31 and outputted from the outlet 32 to the filtration tank 4 through the outlet pipe 17. Waste oil in this path is heated to a high temperature in the spiral pipe 31 and input to the filtration tank 4.

  In the filtration tank 4, for example, a lignite (lignite) layer 42 as a filtering material is installed, and high-temperature waste oil 41 is filtered and taken out from the outlet 43 to the outside as re-produced fuel. Of course, materials other than lignite (lignite) can be used as the filter medium.

  As described above, the lignite through which the waste oil heated to a high temperature passes through the spiral pipe 31 reaches a raised state, the water is instantly evaporated, the carbonization proceeds, and the waste oil impurities are brought to the surface of the lignite. The waste oil adheres and is remanufactured. As a result of the treatment over a long period of time, the used lignite is carbonized and water is lost, and the surface film does not absorb moisture in the air and can be reused as fuel similar to coal.

  The configuration and operation of the preferred embodiment of the waste oil combustion apparatus and combustion method according to the present invention have been described in detail. However, it should be noted that such examples are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention in any way. Those skilled in the art will readily understand that various modifications and changes can be made according to a specific application without departing from the gist of the present invention.

1 is a simplified apparatus configuration diagram showing a configuration of a preferred embodiment of a waste oil combustion apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a structure of a casing 20 in the embodiment of FIG. 1.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste oil tank 2 Combustion device 3 Heating part 4 Filtration tank 5 Drying furnace 6 Blower (blower)
11 Filter 12, 15, 17, 47 Feed pipe 13 Plunger pump 14, 16 Valve 20 Casing 21 Thick cylinder part 22 Narrow cylinder part 23, 31 Spiral pipe 24 Outlet (nozzle)
32 Heater inlet 33 Heater outlet 41 High-temperature waste oil 42 Brown coal 43 Exit 47A Exit (nozzle structure)
61 Damper 71 Blower 72 Ignition burner 73 LPG gas cylinder 74 Nozzle

Claims (11)

In a combustion apparatus in which waste oil is pressurized and sent to a combustion apparatus to be burned,
A combustion section in which the waste oil is burned;
A combustion tubular portion that is installed in the combustion portion and through which air that has been heated to a high temperature passes through the waste oil;
A branching part for branching the waste oil fed to the combustion part into two parts;
A spiral pipe in which one of the bifurcated waste oil is wound around the outer periphery of the combustion cylindrical portion, and the pressurized waste oil is taken in from one end side and injected from the other end side;
A heating pipe which is provided adjacent to the combustion cylindrical part, the other of the two divided waste oils passes, and is heated by heat blown from the combustion chamber;
Ignition means for burning waste oil injected from the spiral pipe;
Filtration material for filtering impurities is disposed, a filtration tank that filters and stores and outputs waste oil output from the heating pipe, and
The waste oil jetted from the spiral pipe is burned, the waste oil present in the spiral pipe is heated and jetted from the spiral pipe to burn, and the output from the filtration tank is taken out as regenerated oil, A combustion apparatus configured to take out the filtering material as a new fuel.   The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste oil is mineral oil or vegetable oil.   The combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heating pipe is a spline pipe that is provided adjacent to the spline pipe and wound around an outer periphery of a cylindrical portion thereof.   The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the filtration material of the filtration tank is lignite.   The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the waste oil is heated to 300 ° C with mineral oil.   The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the waste oil is heated to 200 to 250 ° C with vegetable oil.   The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the heating temperature of the waste oil existing in the spiral pipe is 250 ° C or higher and is pressurized at 225 atm or higher.   The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein an intake portion and an outlet portion of the waste oil of the spiral pipe are located on one end side of the combustion cylindrical portion.   The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the heated air in the combustion cylindrical portion is blown to the outside by a blower through the heating portion.   The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber is surrounded by a concrete wall. In a combustion method in which waste oil is pressurized and sent to the combustion section for combustion,
The waste oil is burned in the combustion cylindrical part installed in the combustion part where the waste oil is burned, and the air that has reached a high temperature inside is blown into the combustion cylindrical part by a blower,
The waste oil is branched into two, and one of the waste oils is taken from one end side in a pressurized state into a spiral pipe wound around the outer peripheral portion of the combustion cylindrical portion, and injected from the other end side,
Heating the waste oil by passing the other of the two divided waste oils by a heating pipe provided adjacent to the combustion cylindrical part,
The waste oil injected from the spiral pipe is ignited and burned, after which normal combustion is performed,
Filtering and storing waste oil impurities output from the heating pipe with a filtering material,
The waste oil injected from the spiral pipe is burned, the waste oil present in the spiral pipe is heated and injected from the spiral pipe to burn, and the output from the filtration tank is taken out as regenerated oil, and the filtration material Is a combustion method characterized by taking out as new fuel.

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