JP2008164899A - Electric optical device and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric optical device and electronic equipment achieving high-quality two-picture display, three-dimensional display or the restriction of a visual angle without increasing the thickness of a liquid crystal display device. <P>SOLUTION: An element substrate 10 constituted by holding an electrooptical layer 50 between a counter substrate 12 and the element substrate 10 is equipped with a substrate main body 10A and a parallax barrier P1 provided on the surface of the substrate main body 10A and having light shielding parts B1 successively provided at predetermined intervals in the surface direction. At least two or more parallax barriers P1 are layered on the substrate main body 10A, and the light shielding parts B1 are arranged to be deviated in predetermined dimension in the surface direction of the substrate main body 10A relative to the light shielding parts B2 of the parallax barrier P2 adjacent in the thickness direction of the substrate main body 10A, and the arrays of the light shielding parts B1 and B2 in the thickness direction of the substrate main body 10A are symmetric to the pixel-to-pixel areas C1 and C2 of the substrate main body 10A. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an electro-optical device and an electronic apparatus that perform, for example, three-dimensional display or two-screen display.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an electro-optical device that performs three-dimensional display or two-screen display has a configuration in which a plurality of pixel regions arranged in a plane are divided into first and second pixel region groups and alternately arranged. In addition, the electro-optical device is provided with a lenticular lens and a parallax barrier for changing the direction in which the image displayed in the first pixel region group and the image displayed in the second pixel region group can be observed. . When the angle formed between the direction in which the image displayed in the first pixel region group can be observed and the direction in which the image displayed in the second pixel region group can be observed is small, the display is three-dimensional. Is a two-screen display.

  FIG. 19 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional electro-optical device that performs three-dimensional display using a parallax barrier. On the screen W, the left-eye image L and the right-eye image R are alternately displayed for each column. A parallax barrier P that spatially separates the left-eye image L and the right-eye image R is disposed between the screen W and the observer H. The parallax barrier P is an optical member having a plurality of light-shielding portions corresponding to the right-eye image and the left-eye image, and prevents the left-eye image L from entering the right eye of the observer H and the right eye. It plays a role of preventing the work image R from entering the left eye of the observer H. The parallax barrier P is provided with a slit S having a vertical stripe shape. The right-eye image R is incident on the right eye of the observer H through the slit S, and the left-eye image L is changed to the observer H. Is incident on the left eye. Thereby, the image observed by the observer H becomes a three-dimensional image.

On the other hand, using such characteristics of the parallax barrier, a visual restriction film has been developed to prevent a laptop computer or a mobile phone from being looked into or reflected on the windshield of an automobile. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1) This visual restriction film uses a louver structure to limit the direction (separation angle) through which light passes.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Sho 63-190683

  However, a conventional electro-optical device that performs three-dimensional display or two-screen display has an optical member such as a louver, a parallax barrier, or a lenticular lens disclosed in Patent Document 1 outside the electro-optical device (observer). The entire apparatus becomes thick. Such a parallax barrier, a lenticular lens, and the like are created separately from the electro-optical device. Therefore, for example, it is very difficult to align the parallax barrier with the pixels of the liquid crystal panel and attach the parallax barrier onto the glass substrate of the electro-optical device. In particular, when high reliability is required in applications where there is a lot of vibration such as in-vehicle, the yield is reduced because the parallax barrier is bonded to the liquid crystal panel in order to adhere the entire surface in a vacuum. .

  In addition, when the screen separation is increased as in the above-described two-screen display, it is necessary to increase the light separation angle by making the glass substrate of the electro-optical device as thin as possible. For example, when the electro-optical device has a pixel pitch of 180 μm (dot pitch is 60 μm), glass with a thickness of 0.5 mm to 0.6 mm is polished to about 70 μm in order to perform a two-screen display with a separation angle of 80 °. / Etching is performed, and it is difficult to ensure the accuracy. Further, in the liquid crystal device, by reducing the thickness of the glass substrate, the liquid crystal cell gap is affected and display unevenness is likely to occur.

  In addition, a parallax barrier can be provided inside the electro-optical device without polishing / etching the glass of the electro-optical device. However, the separation angle is controlled by the distance between the electro-optic layer and the parallax barrier. Therefore, when a parallax barrier is placed in an electro-optical device, a resin overcoat is applied on the parallax barrier to control the separation angle. It is difficult.

  In addition, there is a problem in that the use of the above-described visual restriction film causes a characteristic unevenness or moire to deteriorate the image quality.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to achieve high-quality two-screen display, three-dimensional display, or viewing angle limitation without increasing the thickness of the electro-optical device. It is to provide an apparatus and an electronic device.

  In order to solve the above problems, an electro-optical device of the present invention is provided with a plurality of pixel regions, a substrate holding an electro-optical layer, and a plurality of light-shielding portions formed at intervals in the surface direction of the substrate. And a plurality of light shielding functional layers formed at intervals in the thickness direction of the substrate, wherein the plurality of light shielding functional layers emit light to the substrate from the electro-optic layer side. Among them, the light emitted in a direction inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the substrate is absorbed, and the light emitted in a direction inclined at another angle with respect to the substrate is transmitted.

  According to the electro-optical device of the present invention, a plurality of light-shielding functional layers are formed, and the image in the image display area is displayed in two screens, three-dimensionally, or depending on the positional relationship between the light-shielding portions adjacent in the thickness direction of the substrate. The viewing angle can be limited. For example, when the light shielding part is arranged with a predetermined dimension shifted with respect to the surface direction of the substrate with respect to the adjacent light shielding part in the thickness direction of the substrate, the direction of the light transmitted between the light shielding parts, It can be different on both sides of the reference axis. By adjusting the shift amount between the light shielding portions adjacent to each other in the thickness direction of the substrate with respect to the surface direction of the substrate, not only two-screen display but also three-dimensional display can be performed. By providing a plurality of light shielding functional layers, it is possible to easily control the light separation angle without polishing the substrate. In addition, for example, when the light shielding portions are arranged so as to coincide with the surface direction of the substrate with respect to the adjacent light shielding portions in the thickness direction of the substrate, the emission direction of light transmitted between the light shielding portions Can be limited. As a result, the viewing angle of the image display area can be limited.

  Furthermore, since the light shielding functional layer is built in the device, work such as bonding of a separately formed light shielding functional layer can be eliminated, and work for aligning the light shielding portion with respect to the pixel (electrode) can be performed. It becomes easy. Further, compared to the case where a light shielding functional layer is provided on the outside of the substrate, moire and the like can be prevented and the image quality of the display image can be improved.

Moreover, it is preferable that a plurality of the light shielding functional layers are stacked on the surface of one of the pair of substrates.
According to such a configuration, since a plurality of light shielding functional layers are laminated on the surface of one of the pair of substrates, when forming each light shielding functional layer, the light shielding portions of the light shielding functional layers to be laminated are formed. Easy positioning.

In addition, it is preferable that a counter substrate facing the substrate via the electro-optic layer is further provided, and a plurality of the light shielding functional layers are stacked on the substrate.
According to such a configuration, by providing a plurality of light-shielding functional layers having different light-shielding layer arrangements, two-screen display and three-dimensional display can be reliably performed, and the angle of emitted light can be easily adjusted. Can do.

Further, it is preferable that a counter substrate facing the substrate via the electro-optic layer is further provided, and one of the plurality of light blocking function layers is formed on the counter substrate.
According to such a configuration, the light-shielding functional layer can be formed separately on each substrate, so that workability is improved.

Further, the light shielding portion of one light shielding functional layer among the plurality of light shielding functional layers is shifted in the surface direction of the substrate with respect to the light shielding portions of the other light shielding functional layers. It is preferable to arrange in the position.
According to such a configuration, the direction of light transmitted between the light shielding portions in each light shielding functional layer can be made different on both sides of the reference axis. Depending on the amount of shift between the light shielding portions adjacent in the thickness direction of the substrate, not only two-screen display but also three-dimensional display can be performed. Thereby, two-screen display and three-dimensional display can be performed. The electro-optical device with a two-screen display is suitable for a vehicle-mounted display. For example, a navigation screen can be displayed on the driver side and another image (for example, a TV image) can be displayed on the passenger seat side. The three-dimensional display electro-optical device can be used for a mobile phone, a game machine, and the like.

Moreover, it is preferable that the said light shielding functional layer is each formed in the opposing surface of a pair of said board | substrate.
According to such a configuration, since the light shielding function layer is formed on each of the pair of substrates, the electro-optical device can be thinned.

Further, the light shielding portion of one light shielding functional layer among the plurality of light shielding functional layers coincides with the surface direction of the substrate with respect to the light shielding portions of the other light shielding functional layers among the plurality of light shielding functional layers. It is preferable to arrange in the position.
According to such a configuration, in each light shielding functional layer adjacent in the thickness direction of the substrate, it is possible to limit the emission direction of light transmitted between the light shielding portions. Therefore, the viewing angle of the image display area can be limited. By enabling the viewing angle restriction display, it can be used to prevent the screen of a notebook computer or mobile phone from being looked into.

For the light emitted from the pixel region, the plurality of light shielding functional layers transmit light emitted in a direction inclined at a first angle with respect to the substrate, and are normal to the substrate. It is also preferable to absorb light emitted in a direction inclined at a second angle including the direction.
According to such a configuration, two-screen display or three-dimensional display can be reliably performed.

Moreover, it is preferable to provide a light emitting layer as an electro-optical layer.
According to such a configuration, an organic EL device can be easily realized. Also in the organic EL device, by providing the light shielding function layer, the image in the image display area can be displayed in a two-screen display, a three-dimensional display, or a viewing angle limit.

In addition, it is preferable that an electrode for driving the electro-optic layer is further provided, and the electrode also serves as the light shielding portion.
According to such a configuration, since the electrode for driving the electro-optical layer also serves as the light shielding portion of the light shielding functional layer, the number of laminated light shielding functional layers can be reduced. Therefore, the number of work steps can be reduced, the yield can be improved, and the entire apparatus can be reduced in thickness.

In the pixel region, it is preferable that the electrode includes a plurality of electrode fingers, and the electrode fingers also serve as the light shielding portion.
According to such a configuration, it is possible to easily realize a liquid crystal device that employs an FFS-type electrode arrangement. When such an FFS-type electrode arrangement is employed, the liquid crystal positioned above the electrodes can be driven satisfactorily.

Moreover, it is preferable that the light shielding part of one light shielding functional layer among the plurality of light shielding functional layers is covered with a color filter.
According to such a configuration, the light traveling direction can be regulated without increasing the thickness of the display panel by arranging the light shielding portion in the color filter.

 Furthermore, since the light shielding functional layer is integrally formed on the substrate body, it is possible to eliminate the need for operations such as polishing the substrate or attaching a separately formed light shielding functional layer. ) Is easy to align. In addition, moire or the like can be prevented and the image quality of the display image can be improved as compared with a case where a separately formed light shielding functional layer is attached to the substrate.

An electronic apparatus according to the present invention includes the electro-optical device as described above.
Accordingly, it is possible to provide an electronic device that enables two-screen display and three-dimensional display with a clear image. In addition, an electronic device with an improved viewing angle restriction effect can be provided.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing used in the following description, the scale is appropriately changed to make each member a recognizable size. 1 is a plan view showing the liquid crystal display device, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing the liquid crystal display device.

[Liquid Crystal Display]
First, a schematic configuration of the liquid crystal display device 1 will be described. The liquid crystal display device 1 in this embodiment is an active matrix type liquid crystal display device, and includes three sub-pixels that output light of each color of R (red), G (green), and B (blue). It is a liquid crystal display device which constitutes a pixel. Here, the display area which is the minimum unit constituting the display is referred to as a “sub-pixel area (pixel area)”.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the liquid crystal display device 1 includes an element substrate 10, a counter substrate 12 disposed to face the element substrate 10, and a liquid crystal layer 50 sandwiched between the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 12. I have. Further, in the liquid crystal display device 1, the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 12 are bonded together with a sealing material 14, and the liquid crystal layer 50 is sealed in a region partitioned by the sealing material 14. The liquid crystal display device 1 includes a peripheral parting portion 15 provided along the inner side of the sealing material 14, and a plan view (seeing the element substrate 10 from the counter substrate 12 side) surrounded by the peripheral parting part 15. The image display area 16 is a substantially rectangular area.
Further, the liquid crystal display device 1 includes a data line driving circuit 21 provided along one side of the element substrate 10 that is an outer region of the sealing material 14, and scanning provided along two sides adjacent to the one side. A line driving circuit 22, a connection terminal 23 that is electrically connected to the data line driving circuit 21, and a wiring 24 that connects the scanning line driving circuit 22 are provided.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the liquid crystal display device 1 includes a plurality of pixel regions each including three sub pixel regions 25 of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) arranged in a matrix. The image display area 16 is configured. Each sub-pixel region 25 includes a first region 25A and a second region 25B. Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the first and second regions 25A and 25B are provided in parallel in the left-right direction of the image display region 16, and the sub-pixel region 25 is divided into two. These first regions 25A constitute a first region group 26A, and the second regions 25B constitute a second region group 26B. For example, in the left-right direction of the image display area 16, the observation direction of the image displayed by the first area group 26A and the observation direction of the image displayed by the second area group 26B can be made different.

  As shown in the equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. 3, pixel electrodes 9 are respectively formed on a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix to form the image display region 16 of the liquid crystal display device 1. Further, on the side of the pixel electrode 9, a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) element 30, which is a pixel switching element that controls energization of the pixel electrode 9, is formed. A data line 6 a is electrically connected to the source of the TFT element 30. Image signals S1, S2,..., Sn are supplied to each data line 6a. The image signals S1, S2,..., Sn may be supplied to each data line 6a in this order, or may be supplied for each group to a plurality of adjacent data lines 6a.

  The scanning line 3 a is electrically connected to the gate of the TFT element 30. The scanning signals G1, G2,..., Gn are supplied to the scanning line 3a in pulses at a predetermined timing. The scanning signals G1, G2,..., Gn are applied to each scanning line 3a in this order in the order of lines. Further, the pixel electrode 9 is electrically connected to the drain of the TFT element 30. When the TFT elements 30 serving as switching elements are turned on for a certain period by the scanning signals G1, G2,..., Gn supplied from the scanning line 3a, the image signals S1, S2,. , Sn are written into the liquid crystal of each pixel at a predetermined timing.

  Image signals S1, S2,..., Sn written at a predetermined level in the liquid crystal are held for a certain period by a liquid crystal capacitance formed between the pixel electrode 9 and a counter electrode 28 described later. In order to prevent the retained image signals S1, S2,..., Sn from leaking, a storage capacitor 70 is formed between the pixel electrode 9 and the capacitor line 3b, and is connected in parallel with the liquid crystal capacitor. . Thus, when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal, the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules changes depending on the voltage level. As a result, the light incident on the liquid crystal is modulated to enable gradation display.

(Cross-section structure)
Next, a detailed configuration of the liquid crystal display device 1 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a part of the pixel region of the BB cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, and some components such as a pixel switching TFT element are partially considered in view of the drawing. Are omitted.

  In the liquid crystal display device 1, as shown in FIG. 4, a liquid crystal layer 50 is sandwiched between an element substrate 10 and a counter substrate 12 disposed to face the element substrate 10. A polarizing plate 37 provided on the outer side of the element substrate 10 (opposite side of the liquid crystal layer 50), a polarizing plate 38 provided on the outer side of the counter substrate 12 (opposite side of the liquid crystal layer 50), and the outer surface side of the polarizing plate 37 And an illumination device 55 (see FIG. 7) that irradiates illumination light from the outside of the element substrate 10.

  The element substrate 10 passes through the element substrate 10 on the surface of the substrate body 10A on the liquid crystal layer 50 side, is reflected at the interface between the element substrate 10 of the element substrate 10 and air, and returns to the liquid crystal layer 50 side. A first light shielding film 11a for partially shielding the light is provided. The first light shielding film 11 a is provided to prevent the return light from entering the pixel switching TFT element 30 and is provided in a range where the light shielding effect on the pixel switching TFT element 30 can be obtained.

  Further, a pixel switching TFT element 30 that controls switching of the pixel electrode 9 is provided on the surface of the substrate body 10A through a first interlayer insulating layer 19 formed on substantially the entire surface so as to cover the first light shielding film 11a. Is arranged. The first interlayer insulating layer 19 is made of silicon oxide or the like, and is electrically insulated by being interposed between the first light shielding film 11a and the pixel switching TFT element 30.

  The pixel switching TFT element 30 includes a semiconductor layer 1a formed on the first interlayer insulating layer 19, a gate electrode 27, and a data line 6a. The semiconductor layer 1a includes a channel region 1a ′ of the semiconductor layer 1a in which a channel is formed by an electric field from the gate electrode 27, a drain region 1d and a source region 1e of the semiconductor layer 1a, and a gate insulating film 2 covering the surface. It is insulated from the gate electrode 27. Further, a gate electrode 27 is disposed so as to face the channel region 1a 'in the semiconductor layer 1a.

  A second interlayer insulating layer 4 in which a contact hole 8 leading to the drain region 1d and a contact hole 5 leading to the source region 1e are formed on the substrate body 10A including the gate electrode 27 and the gate insulating film 2 is formed. Has been. That is, the data line 6 a is electrically connected to the source region 1 e through the contact hole 5 that penetrates the second interlayer insulating layer 4.

  Further, a third interlayer insulating layer 7 having a contact hole 8 leading to the drain region 1d is formed on the data line 6a and the second interlayer insulating layer 4. That is, the drain region 1 d is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 9 formed on the third interlayer insulating layer 7 through the contact hole 8 that penetrates the second interlayer insulating layer 4 and the third interlayer insulating layer 7. ing. The pixel electrode 9 is provided corresponding to the first region 25A and the second region 25B shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, the description of the pixel switching TFT element 30 in the second region 25B is omitted.

  An alignment film 18 made of SiO2, polyimide, or the like is formed on the substrate body 10A so as to cover the pixel electrode 9. The alignment film 18 is rubbed along the extending direction of the scanning line 3a (not shown) orthogonal to the data line 6a.

  On the other hand, the counter substrate 12 has a translucent substrate body 12A such as glass, quartz, or plastic as a base, and a second light shielding film (not shown) is provided on the inner surface side (liquid crystal layer 50 side) of the substrate body 12A. The first parallax barrier P1 (light shielding functional layer), the second parallax barrier P2 (light shielding functional layer), and the counter electrode 28 are provided in this order.

  The first parallax barrier P1 in the present embodiment is configured by a first barrier group b1 including a plurality of first light-shielding barriers B1 (light-shielding portions) disposed at a predetermined interval on the surface of the substrate body 12A. A color filter CF is provided to cover the first barrier group b1. As shown in the figure, the first light-shielding barrier B1 and the color filter CF appear alternately in the surface direction of the substrate, and a plurality of first light-shielding barriers B1 exist in each of the first and second regions 25A and 25B. It has become. The color filter CF is made of acrylic, for example, and contains a color material corresponding to the color displayed in each of the first and second regions 25A and 25B.

  The second parallax barrier P2 is a second barrier group b2 including a plurality of second light-shielding barriers B2 (light-shielding portions) arranged at predetermined intervals on the back surface (the surface opposite to the liquid crystal layer 50) of the counter electrode 28. It is composed of A transparent resin layer 39 is provided on the surface of the color filter CF of the first parallax barrier P1 so as to cover the second barrier group b2. As shown in FIG. 4, the second light shielding barrier B2 and the transparent resin layer 39 are alternately provided in the surface direction of the substrate, and a plurality of second light shielding barriers B2 exist in each of the first and second regions 25A and 25B. Will do. The transparent resin layer 39 is made of a translucent material such as SiO 2 (silicon oxide).

  In the first parallax barrier P1 and the second parallax barrier P2, the longitudinal direction of the first light shielding barrier B1 and the second light shielding barrier B2 having a rectangular shape in plan view is in the vertical direction of the image display area 16 (see FIG. 1). The structure is an extended stripe barrier system. The viewing angle direction in which the display by the first region group 26A is observed is different from the viewing angle direction in which the display by the second region group 26B is observed.

  Further, an alignment film 17 is formed on the substrate body 12 </ b> A provided with the counter electrode 28 on the liquid crystal layer 50 side so as to cover the counter electrode 28.

  The element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 12 described above are bonded to each other via a sealing material (not shown), and liquid crystal is injected from a liquid crystal injection port formed in the sealing material, so that the liquid crystal panel 40 is obtained.

  The liquid crystal panel 40 is provided with polarizing plates 37 and 38 on the outer surface sides of the counter substrate 12 and the element substrate 10, respectively, and is arranged so that the light transmission axes L and N are orthogonal to each other. As described above, the polarizing plates 37 and 38 are bonded together in a crossed Nicol state so that the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 12 are sandwiched between both sides of the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 12 to obtain the liquid crystal display device 1 of the present embodiment. Yes.

  Next, the first parallax barrier P1 and the second parallax barrier P2, which are characteristic portions of the present embodiment, will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 shows a first region 25A adjacent to the left and right direction of the image display region 16 (short side direction of the first region 25A) as a representative from the first region group 26A and the second region group 26B shown in FIG. The second region 25B is illustrated. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing in detail the positional relationship between the first light shielding barrier B1 of the first parallax barrier P1 and the second light shielding barrier B2 of the second parallax barrier P2.

  The first barrier group b1 and the second barrier group b2 in the present embodiment are arranged over substantially the entire image display region 16. The pixel pitch of the liquid layer cell of this embodiment is 180 μm (dot pitch is 60 μm). As shown in FIG. 5, the first light shielding barrier B1 constituting the first barrier group b1 has a line width W of 7 μm and a space S between the first light shielding barriers B1 of 3 μm. Similarly, the second light shielding barrier B2 constituting the second barrier group b2 has a line width W of 7 μm and a space S between the second light shielding barriers B2 of 3 μm. The gap G in the thickness direction of the liquid crystal panel 40 between the first barrier group b1 and the second barrier group b2 is 5 μm. The second light shielding barrier B2 of the second barrier group b2 is different from the first light shielding barrier B1 of the first barrier group b1 by a predetermined distance in the surface direction of the substrate, and the offset F is 2.5 μm. .

  As shown in FIG. 4, each of the regions (inter-pixel regions C1, C2) between the first region 25A and the second region 25B adjacent in the left-right direction of the image display region 16 (see FIG. 1) has a size. Different inter-pixel barriers U1, U2 are arranged to face each other. The inter-pixel barrier U1 has a width corresponding to the inter-pixel regions C1 and C2. On the other hand, the inter-pixel barrier U2 is formed with a width that makes the center position of the inter-pixel barrier U1 coincide with that of the above-described inter-pixel barrier U1 and protrudes from the both sides in the width direction of the inter-pixel barrier U1, for example. The first and second light shielding barriers B1 and B2 adjacent to the inter-pixel barriers U1 and U2 have an arrangement interval of 3 μm with respect to the inter-pixel barriers U1 and U2 like the other light-shielding barriers B1 and B2. Arranged.

  In the present embodiment, the boundary between the pixel electrodes 9 that exist in the first region 25A and the second region 25B and are adjacent in the horizontal direction of the screen (the horizontal direction of the image display region 16) is used as a reference axis. Specifically, this reference axis corresponds to the inter-pixel regions C1 and C2 that are adjacent in the horizontal direction of the screen. The positional relationship (arrangement) between the first light-shielding barrier B1 and the second light-shielding barrier B2 in the thickness direction of the substrate with respect to the inter-pixel regions C1 and C2 is the first region 25A and the first region 25A in the horizontal direction of the screen. The two regions 25B are symmetric. In the two-screen display, the first area 25A and the second area 25B may be asymmetric with respect to the horizontal direction of the screen, for example, when asymmetric display is performed on the driver seat side and the passenger seat side.

  As described above, in the first region 25A and the second region 25B, it is common that the offset position of the second light shielding barrier B2 with respect to the first light shielding barrier B1 is a position different by 2.5 μm in the surface direction of the substrate. ing. However, the positional relationship of the second light shielding barrier B2 with respect to the first light shielding barrier B1 is contrasted between the first region 25A side and the second region 25B side with the inter-pixel barriers U1 and U2 extending along the boundary line as the center. It is arranged to become the target.

  The inter-pixel barriers U1 and U2 disposed in the inter-pixel regions C1 and C2 are opposed to the disposition relationship of the inter-pixel barriers U1 and U2 disposed in the adjacent inter-pixel region C1 or the inter-pixel region C2. The arrangement of the inter-barriers U1, U2 is reversed. That is, in the inter-pixel region C1 in the image display region 16 shown in FIG. 1, the inter-pixel barrier U1 is disposed on the first parallax barrier P1 side, and the inter-pixel barrier U2 is disposed on the second parallax barrier P2 side. ing. On the other hand, in the inter-pixel region C2 adjacent to the inter-pixel region C1, the inter-pixel barrier U2 is disposed on the first parallax barrier P1 side, and the inter-pixel barrier U1 is disposed on the second parallax barrier P2 side.

  Thus, in the first region 25A and the second region 25B, the relative position of the second light shielding barrier B2 with respect to the first light shielding barrier B1 is a contrasting arrangement with the inter-pixel regions C1 and C2 as boundaries.

  The inter-pixel barriers U1 and U2 serve to prevent color mixing due to the light of the first region group 26A and the light of the second region group 26B. Further, the first light-shielding barrier B1 and the second light-shielding barrier B2 make the light emission direction of the first region group 26A different from the light emission direction of the second region group 26B depending on the mutual positional relationship. The first light-shielding barrier B1 of the first parallax barrier P1, the second light-shielding barrier B2 of the second parallax barrier P2, and the inter-pixel barriers U1 and U2 are respectively associated with the first region 25A and the first region by photolithography. It consists of a pattern aligned in two areas 25B and inter-pixel areas C1, C2. The gap G between the first light blocking barrier B1 of the first parallax barrier P1 and the second light blocking barrier B2 of the second parallax barrier P2 is adjusted by the transparent resin layer 39 of the second parallax barrier P2. be able to.

  The liquid crystal display device 1 of the present embodiment is provided with a plurality of parallax barriers P1 and P2 as described above. When the liquid crystal display device 1 performs two-screen display, the two-layer parallax barriers P1 and P2 allow the image displayed in the first region group 26A to be displayed in front view as shown in FIG. The light is incident on the eyes of the observer H1 located on the right side and is prevented from entering the eyes of the observer H2 located on the left side of the liquid crystal display device 1. Further, the image displayed in the second region group 26 </ b> B is incident on the eyes of the viewer H <b> 1 located on the right side of the liquid crystal display device 1 by entering the eyes of the viewer H <b> 2 located on the left side of the liquid crystal display device 1. It is preventing.

Next, characteristics of the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 6 is a graph in which the horizontal axis is the polar angle (deg), the vertical axis is the light transmittance (%), the characteristics of the first region group are indicated by solid lines, and the characteristics of the second region group are indicated by broken lines. This will be described below. The solid line in the figure indicates the transmittance of the first region group 26A, and the broken line indicates the transmittance of the second region group 26B.

  According to FIG. 6, assuming that the transmittance in a state where the parallax barrier is not provided is 100%, in the liquid crystal display device 1 of the present embodiment, the maximum transmittance in the first region group 26A and the second region group 26B is both 30. %. The separation angle θ between the first region group 26A and the second region group 26B is 80 °. Thereby, the direction in which the display images of the first region group 26A and the second region group 26B are observed is substantially completely separated in the left-right direction of the image display region 16 shown in FIG. The liquid crystal display device 1 of this embodiment provided with two layers of parallax barriers P1 and P2 was able to perform two-screen display with a maximum transmittance of 30% and a separation angle θ of 80 °.

  In the liquid crystal display device 1 of the present embodiment, the parallax barriers P1 and P2 are accurately aligned with respect to the first regions 25A and the second regions 25B, and are formed by photolithography. Can be prevented. Further, since the gap G between the light shielding barriers B1 and B2 of the first and second parallax barriers P1 and P2 can be accurately managed by the thickness of the transparent resin layer 39, display unevenness can be prevented. In addition, three-dimensional display is also possible by appropriately designing the arrangement of the light shielding barriers B1 and B2 in the first and second parallax barriers P1 and P2. In particular, since the separation angle can be reduced by increasing the gap G, three-dimensional display can also be supported. When the liquid crystal display device 1 performs three-dimensional display, the parallax barriers P1 and P2 prevent, for example, an image displayed in the first region group 26A from being incident on the observer's right eye and entering the left eye. The image displayed in the two-region group 26B is incident on the left eye of the observer and is prevented from entering the right eye.

  Further, the liquid crystal display device 1 of the present embodiment can be formed with a thickness substantially the same as the cell thickness of a one-screen display liquid crystal display device that does not include the parallax barriers P1 and P2. That is, a configuration in which the first barrier group b1 and the second barrier group b2 are provided in the transparent resin layer 39 and the color filter CF, which are constituent elements of the liquid crystal display device 1, to form the first and second parallax barriers P1 and P2. Therefore, the function of limiting the traveling direction of light can be provided without increasing the number of layers to be stacked.

  The liquid crystal display device 1 of the first embodiment described above has a maximum transmittance of 30%. In order to increase the maximum transmittance, if the width of the light shielding barriers B1 and B2 is narrowed and the arrangement interval between the adjacent light shielding barriers B1 and B2 is increased, the aperture ratio is increased and the transmittance is improved. However, in a certain viewing angle direction, a phenomenon called a black stroke occurs in which both the image of the first region group 26A and the image of the second region group 26B are observed. For this reason, the second embodiment described below is configured such that a higher transmittance can be obtained while avoiding the phenomenon of the black stroke.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The basic configuration of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment described below is the same as that of the first embodiment, except that three parallax barriers are stacked in the cell thickness direction of the liquid crystal panel. Therefore, hereinafter, only the configuration of each parallax barrier will be described, and description of common portions will be omitted. FIG. 8 shows the first region 25A adjacent to the left and right direction of the image display region 16 (the short side direction of the first region 25A) as a representative from the first region group 26A and the second region group 26B shown in FIG. The second region 25B is illustrated.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the liquid crystal display device 72 of the present embodiment includes a first parallax barrier P1, a second parallax barrier P2, and a third parallax barrier P3 (light shielding functional layer) on the substrate body 12A of the counter substrate 12. ) In this order. The first parallax barrier P1 includes a first light shielding barrier B1 and a color filter CF. The second parallax barrier P2 is composed of the second light shielding barrier B2 and the transparent resin layer 39, and the third parallax barrier P3 is composed of the third light shielding barrier B3 and the transparent resin layer 49.

  When the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal cell is 180 μm (dot pitch is 60 μm), the line width W of each light shielding barrier B1, B2, B3 is 2 μm, and the space S between each light shielding barrier B1 (B2, B3) is 3 μm. . The offset of the second light-shielding barrier B2 with respect to the first light-shielding barrier B1 is 1.4 μm, and the offset of the third light-shielding barrier B3 with respect to the second light-shielding barrier B2 is 1.4 μm. The offset of the barrier is 2.8 μm. The gap G between the first light shielding barrier B1 and the second light shielding barrier B2 and the gap G between the second light shielding barrier B2 and the third barrier B3 are all 2.5 μm.

  The inter-pixel barriers U1, U2, U3 located in the inter-pixel region C1 are arranged with their center positions matched. Specifically, an inter-pixel barrier U1 is disposed in the parallax barrier P1, an inter-pixel barrier U2 is disposed in the parallax barrier P2, and an inter-pixel barrier U3 is disposed in the parallax barrier P3. Both ends of the inter-pixel barrier U1 protrude from the both ends of the second inter-pixel barrier U2 by a predetermined amount, and both ends of the second inter-pixel barrier U2 also protrude from the both ends of the third inter-pixel barrier U3 by a predetermined amount. Thus, in the inter-pixel region C1, the widths of the inter-pixel barriers U1, U2, U3 are designed to satisfy U1> U2> U3. On the other hand, in the inter-pixel region C2, the width of the inter-pixel barriers U1, U2, and U3 is designed to satisfy U1 <U2 <U3.

  Also in the present embodiment, the first region 25A side and the second region 25B side are centered on the inter-pixel barriers U1, U2, U3 extending along the inter-pixel regions C1, C2 (boundary lines). The second light-shielding barrier B2 and the third light-shielding barrier B3 are arranged so as to be contrasted with respect to the one light-shielding barrier B1.

  In the present embodiment, when the liquid crystal display device 72 performs a two-screen display, each parallax barrier P1, P2, P3 displays an image displayed in the first region group 26A in a front view as shown in FIG. 7, for example. The light is incident on the eyes of an observer H1 located on the right side of the liquid crystal display device 72 and is prevented from entering the eyes of an observer H2 located on the left side of the liquid crystal display device 72. In addition, the image displayed in the second region group 26 </ b> B is incident on the eyes of the observer H <b> 2 located on the left side of the liquid crystal display device 72 and incident on the eyes of the observer H <b> 1 located on the right side of the liquid crystal display device 72. To prevent. When the liquid crystal display device 72 performs three-dimensional display, the parallax barriers P1, P2, and P3 cause, for example, an image displayed in the first region group 26A to enter the right eye of the observer and enter the left eye. The image displayed in the second region group 26B is made incident on the left eye of the observer and is prevented from entering the right eye.

FIG. 9 shows the characteristics of the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment.
In FIG. 9, the horizontal axis represents the polar angle (deg), the vertical axis represents the light transmittance (%), the characteristics of the first region group 26A are indicated by solid lines, and the characteristics of the second region group 26B are indicated by broken lines. .
According to FIG. 9, assuming that the transmittance in a state where no parallax barrier is provided is 100%, in the liquid crystal display device 72 of this embodiment, the first region group 26A and the second region group 26B both have a maximum transmittance of 60. %. The separation angle θ between the first region group 26A and the second region group 26B is 80 °. Thereby, the directions in which the display images of the first region group 26A and the second region group 26B are observed are separated almost completely. The liquid crystal display device 72 of this embodiment provided with three layers of parallax barriers P1, P2 and P3 was able to perform two-screen display with a maximum transmittance of 60% and a separation angle θ of 80 °.

  According to the liquid crystal display device 72 of the present embodiment, by providing the three-layer parallax barriers P1, P2, and P3, the aperture ratio can be improved while maintaining the separation angle as compared with the first embodiment. The aperture ratio can be improved by narrowing the line width W of the light shielding barriers B1, B2, and B3 of the parallax barriers P1, P2, and P3. However, if the line width W of the light-shielding barriers B1 and B2 is reduced with the configuration of the liquid crystal display device 1 of the first embodiment (two-layer parallax barriers P1 and P2), the overall aperture ratio is improved, but light is reduced. The angle regulation will be reduced. For this reason, in the present embodiment, a decrease in the light angle regulation due to the narrowing of the line width W of the light shielding barriers B1, B2, and B3 is prevented by providing the third parallax barrier P3.

  Similarly, by further increasing the number of parallax barriers P to 4 layers and 5 layers, the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal display device is improved, and higher transmittance can be obtained. Since the thickness of each parallax barrier P is much thinner than the thickness of an external parallax barrier or lenticular lens conventionally used, there is no fear that the thickness of the entire liquid crystal cell is greatly increased.

  The first and second embodiments described above are liquid crystal display devices that enable two-screen display or three-dimensional display. A liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment described below is a liquid crystal display device that enables the viewing angle of a display screen to be limited.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The basic configuration of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment described below is the same as that of the first embodiment, but the first barrier of the first parallax barrier and the second barrier of the second parallax barrier are the surfaces of the substrate. The difference is that the positions in the direction are opposed to each other. Accordingly, only the barrier arrangement will be described below, and description of common parts will be omitted. FIG. 10 shows a first region 25A adjacent to the left and right direction of the image display region 16 (short side direction of the first region 25A) as a representative from the first region group 26A and the second region group 26B shown in FIG. The second region 25B is illustrated.

As shown in FIG. 10, the liquid crystal display device 73 of the present embodiment has a configuration in which a first parallax barrier P <b> 1 and a second parallax barrier P <b> 2 having the same configuration are stacked in this order on a substrate body 12 </ b> A of a counter substrate 12. It has become.
For example, when the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal cell is 180 μm (dot pitch is 60 μm), the line width W of each of the light shielding barriers B1 and B2 is 7 μm, and the space S is 3 μm. The offset F of the second light shielding barrier B2 with respect to the first light shielding barrier B1 is 0 μm, and the gap G between the first light shielding barrier B1 and the second light shielding barrier B2 is 5 μm. As described above, in this embodiment, the light-shielding barriers B1 and B2 of the parallax barriers P1 and P2 are arranged so that their center positions coincide with each other in the connection direction. Note that inter-pixel barriers U1 and U2 having a size corresponding to the gap between the inter-pixel areas C1 and C2 are located in the inter-pixel areas C1 and C2.

FIG. 11 shows the characteristics of the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment.
The horizontal axis in FIG. 11 is the polar angle (deg), the vertical axis is the light transmittance (%), the characteristic of the first region group is indicated by a solid line, and the characteristic of the second region group is indicated by a broken line.
According to FIG. 11, assuming that the transmittance in a state where no parallax barrier is provided is 100%, in the liquid crystal display device 73 in the present embodiment, the maximum in the first and second region groups 26A and 26B (image display region 16). The transmittance is 30%. The light emission angle θ from each of the first and second region groups 26A and 26B is ± 50 ° with respect to the normal direction of the substrate, that is, the viewing angle in the left-right direction of the image display region 16 shown in FIG. The polar angle is ± 50 ° or less. The polar angle is the light emission angle with respect to the normal direction of the substrate.

  In the liquid crystal display device 73 of the present embodiment, the light transmitted through the liquid crystal layer 50 passes between the light shielding barriers B1 and B2 of the first parallax barrier P1 and the second parallax barrier P2, and the first and second parallaxes. Images displayed in the area groups 26A and 26B are incident on both eyes of the observer. The light that has passed through the light shielding barriers B1 and B2 of the first parallax barrier P1 and the second parallax barrier P2 is emitted within a range of ± 50 ° with respect to the normal direction of the liquid crystal cell. Therefore, the observer cannot observe the image displayed in the first region group 26A from an angle direction of ± 50 ° or more with respect to the normal direction of the liquid crystal display device 1.

  According to the liquid crystal display device 73 of the present embodiment, the angle of light can be regulated by providing two layers of parallax barriers P1 and P2 in which the positions of the light shielding barriers B1 and B2 coincide with each other in the plane direction of the substrate. . As described above, the observer can observe the image only from the direction positioned within the range of the normal direction ± 50 ° of the liquid crystal display device 73. Therefore, by using the liquid crystal display device 73 of this embodiment for a display device of a notebook personal computer or a mobile phone, it is possible to obtain an effect of preventing the screen from being looked into. Moreover, the transfer to a windshield can be prevented by using it for a vehicle-mounted display. In this case, the liquid crystal display device 73 is mounted so that the light blocking barriers B1 and B2 of the parallax barriers P1 and P2 are connected in the vertical direction of the observer. Thus, by changing the viewing angle restriction direction, it is possible to prevent the image from being transferred to the windshield.

[Fourth Embodiment]
Next, a fourth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The basic configuration of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment shown below is the same as that of the third embodiment, except that the barrier width is narrowed and the number of parallax barriers is increased in order to further improve display luminance. Different. Therefore, only the parallax barrier will be described below, and description of common parts will be omitted. FIG. 12 shows a first region 25A adjacent to the left and right direction of the image display region 16 (short side direction of the first region 25A) as a representative from the first region group 26A and the second region group 26B shown in FIG. The second region 25B is illustrated.

As shown in FIG. 12, the liquid crystal display device 74 of the present embodiment has a first parallax barrier P1, a second parallax barrier P2, and a third parallax barrier P3 having the same configuration on the substrate body 12A of the counter substrate 12. Are stacked in this order.
For example, when the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal cell is 180 μm (dot pitch is 60 μm), the line width W of each barrier is 2 μm, and the space S is 3 μm. The offset of the second light shielding barrier B2 with respect to the first barrier is 0 μm, and the offset F of the third light shielding barrier B3 with respect to the second light shielding barrier B2 is also 0 μm. Further, the gap G between the first and second light shielding barriers B1 and B2 and between the second and third light shielding barriers B2 and B3 is 5 μm. As described above, in the present embodiment, the light shielding barriers B1, B2, and B3 of the parallax barriers P1, P2, and P3 are arranged with their center positions aligned in the respective connection directions. Note that inter-pixel barriers U1, U2, and U3 corresponding to the size of the gap between the inter-pixel areas C1 and C2 are located in the inter-pixel areas C1 and C2.

FIG. 13 shows the characteristics of the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment.
The horizontal axis in FIG. 13 is the polar angle (deg), the vertical axis is the light transmittance (%), the characteristics of the first region group are indicated by solid lines, and the characteristics of the second region group are indicated by broken lines.
According to FIG. 13, the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment is an omnidirectional angle of polar angle 50 ° or more, and the maximum transmittance is 60%.

  In the present embodiment, the light transmitted through the liquid crystal layer 50 passes between the respective light shielding barriers B1 (B2, B3) included in the parallax barrier P1 (P2, P3), and the first and second region groups. An image displayed at 26A enters both eyes of the observer. The light that has passed through the light shielding barriers B1, B2, and B3 of the first, second, and third parallax barriers P1, P2, and P3 is emitted within a range of ± 50 ° with respect to the normal direction of the liquid crystal cell. . Therefore, the observer cannot observe an image from an angle direction of ± 50 ° or more with respect to the normal direction of the liquid layer cell.

  Further, according to the liquid crystal display device 74 of the present embodiment, the maximum transmittance of the first region group 26A is improved to 60%. Thus, by providing the three-layer parallax barriers P1, P2, and P3 by narrowing the line width W of the light shielding barriers B1, B2, and B3, the transmittance can be increased and the luminance of the screen can be improved.

  Similarly, higher transmittance can be obtained by further increasing the number of stacked parallax barriers P. At this time, the line width W of the barrier B, the space S, the gap G between the barriers B of each parallax barrier P stacked in the thickness direction of the liquid layer cell, and the like are appropriately set.

  In the configuration of the liquid crystal display device of the above-described embodiment, the transmittance can be improved by increasing the number of stacked parallax barriers P, but there is a limit to this. Therefore, in the following embodiment, an embodiment in which the same degree of transmittance as that of a liquid crystal display device without the parallax barrier P is obtained will be described.

[Fifth Embodiment]
Next, a fifth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the above embodiment, the counter substrate side has a plurality of parallax barriers. However, in this embodiment, not only the counter substrate side but also the element substrate side has a parallax barrier. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a general IPS mode liquid crystal display device.

  As shown in FIG. 14, in the liquid crystal display device 75 of the present embodiment, the pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58 having a plurality of stripe-shaped electrode fingers exist on the element substrate 10 on substantially the same plane, and the counter substrate 12. There are no electrodes on the side. The liquid crystal operates by a lateral electric field E generated between the pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58. The pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58 are usually formed of a transparent electrode such as indium tin oxide (hereinafter abbreviated as “ITO”), but may be formed of metal, for example. Since the horizontal electric field E is generated between the electrode ends of the pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58, the liquid crystal on each of the electrodes 57 and 58 is hardly affected by the horizontal electric field E, so that it is difficult to operate. Therefore, since the transmittance is originally low on the electrodes 57 and 58, even if it is formed of metal, the transmittance is not greatly affected. Therefore, in this embodiment, the pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58 are formed of metal and used as a barrier.

FIG. 15 is a plan view of the liquid crystal display device 75 of this embodiment, and FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line MM in FIG. 15 and 16, only the characteristic part of the present embodiment is shown, and the components of the liquid crystal display device 75 are not shown.
As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the liquid crystal display device 75 of the present embodiment is formed by forming striped pixel electrodes 57 and common electrodes 58 having a predetermined line width W on the element substrate 10 in the same layer. The data line 6a located in the lower layer extends along the extending direction. A plurality of interlayer insulating layers and the like are actually formed on the element substrate 10 shown in FIG. 16, but the illustration except for the third interlayer insulating layer 7 is omitted for convenience of explanation. The pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58 are formed on the third interlayer insulating layer 7.

  And in each area | region 25A, 25B, it is comprised so that the pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58 may exist alternately in the extension direction of the scanning line 3a. The pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58 are both made of metal for the reasons described above. By forming the pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58 from a metal, a light shielding function is provided. In addition, one of the plurality of pixel electrodes 57 is disposed immediately above the data line 6 a located below the pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58. By arranging the pixel electrode 57 made of metal on the data line 6a located in the inter-pixel regions C1 and C2, the pixel electrode 57 functions as an inter-pixel barrier U. In this manner, the parallax barrier P5 having the electrodes 57 and 58 as the barrier B is provided on the element substrate 10 side.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, on the counter substrate 12 side, a light blocking barrier B1 (the position of B1 is strange in FIG. 16) and a parallax barrier P1 made of a color filter CF is provided. It has been. The line width W of the light shielding barrier B1 is set to the same width as the line width W of the pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58, and the offset F with respect to the pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58 on the element substrate 10 side is also set as appropriate. And In the inter-pixel regions C1 and C2, there is an inter-pixel barrier U1 in which the central position of the common electrode 58 serving as the inter-pixel barrier U on the element substrate 10 side is matched. The line width W of the inter-pixel barrier U1 is set according to the offset F of the light shielding barrier B1 with respect to the pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58. In other words, both end portions in the width direction of the inter-pixel barrier U <b> 1 are set to project by a predetermined amount from the end portions in the width direction of the pixel electrode 57 facing each other.

  Further, the gap G between the pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58 and the light shielding barrier B <b> 1 is determined by the thickness of the color filter CF and the liquid crystal layer 50. In the image display area 16, adjustment is made depending on whether the display is a two-screen display or a three-dimensional display.

  According to the liquid crystal display device 75 of the present embodiment, when the light from the illumination device passes through the color filter CF through the pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58, the light passes through the light shielding barrier B1 of the parallax barrier P1. Thus, the images of the first region group 26A and the second region group 26B can be separated at a predetermined separation angle θ (see FIG. 7). As described above, in the case of the IPS mode liquid crystal display device 75, the pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58 on the element substrate 10 side are formed of metal to function as the light shielding barrier B, and the pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58 are opposed to each other. By appropriately arranging each position with respect to the light shielding barrier B1 of the parallax barrier P1 on the substrate 12 side, two-screen display or three-dimensional display can be made possible.

  The number of stacked parallax barriers P on the counter substrate 12 side may be increased in order to improve the transmittance of the liquid crystal display device 75. At that time, the shape and positional relationship of each barrier B in the pixel electrode 57, the common electrode 58, and the parallax barrier P are set as appropriate. Thereby, a high transmittance liquid crystal display device can be realized.

  Further, the light-shielding barrier B1 of the parallax barrier P1 may be disposed so as to face the pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58, and the viewing angle of the image display region 16 may be limited.

  Note that the pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58 may be disposed in different layers instead of being formed in the same layer. Further, if each light-shielding barrier B1 of the parallax barrier P1 is disposed directly above the pixel electrode 57 and the common electrode 58, the viewing angle can be limited as in the third embodiment.

[Sixth Embodiment]
Next, a sixth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The present embodiment described below is a display device using an organic light emitting diode (OLED) element such as an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) or a light emitting polymer as an electro-optical material.

  The organic EL display device according to the present embodiment includes an organic electroluminescence element substrate 77 (hereinafter referred to as “display element substrate”) that is a light-emitting panel, and a color filter CF substrate 78 that is disposed to face the organic electroluminescence element substrate 77. An EL panel 76 is provided.

  As shown in FIG. 17, the organic EL panel 76 includes a plurality of light-emitting elements (display elements) that are organic electroluminescence elements each having a light-emitting layer 83 sandwiched between an anode 81 and a cathode 82 facing each other. The display element substrate 77 has a color filter substrate 78 that is disposed opposite to the display element substrate 77 and includes a color filter CF. On the color filter substrate 78, a first parallax barrier P1 and a second parallax barrier P2 are laminated in this order on the surface (the surface on the liquid crystal layer side). The configuration of each of the parallax barriers P1 and P2 is the same as the configuration of any of the embodiments other than the fifth embodiment described above. On the other hand, the light emitting elements provided on the display element substrate 77 are formed so as to be positioned in the respective regions 25A and 25B, and the light emitting layer 83 is sandwiched between the anode 81 and the cathode 82.

  The anode 81 and the cathode 82 are made of ITO or other conductive material. Since this embodiment has a top emission type structure in which light emitted from the light emitting layer is extracted from the cathode 82 side, the cathode 82 is made of a translucent conductive material such as ITO. Further, the anode 81 has a highly reflective metal material such as Al or Ag, a translucent material such as Al / ITO, and a highly reflective metal material so that light emitted from the anode 81 side can be extracted from the cathode 82 side. Can be suitably employed.

  The light emitting layer 83 includes a hole transport layer 83a, a white light emitting layer 83b, and an electron transport layer 83c, and is laminated on the anode 81 in this order. As a material for forming the light emitting layer 83 (light emitting material), a polymer light emitter or a low molecular organic light emitting dye, that is, a light emitting material such as various fluorescent materials or phosphorescent materials can be used. Among the conjugated polymers that serve as the light-emitting substance, those containing an arylene vinylene or polyfluorene structure are particularly preferable.

  As in the present embodiment, the parallax barrier can be applied not only to the liquid crystal display device but also to the light emitting display, and the display screen can be divided and the viewing angle can be limited.

In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change can be added in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention.
For example, a liquid crystal display device may combine the structure in each said embodiment suitably.
Further, in the third and fourth embodiments, the sub-pixel region 25 may not be divided into the first region 25A and the second region 25B.

(Electronics)
FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing an example of an electronic apparatus according to the invention. A mobile phone 1300 shown in this figure includes a liquid crystal display device capable of viewing angle restriction display according to the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention as a small-sized display unit 1301, and includes a plurality of operation buttons 1302, an earpiece 1303, And a mouthpiece 1304.
The display device of each of the above embodiments is not limited to the mobile phone, but is an electronic book, a personal computer, a digital still camera, a liquid crystal television, a viewfinder type or a monitor direct view type video tape recorder, a car navigation device, a pager, and an electronic notebook. , Calculators, word processors, workstations, video phones, POS terminals, devices equipped with touch panels, etc., and can be suitably used as image display means. In any electronic device, it is bright, has high contrast, and has a wide viewing angle. In addition, high-quality reflection display or transflective display without color unevenness and display unevenness is possible.

It is a plane lineblock diagram showing the liquid crystal display concerning an embodiment of the present invention. It is AA arrow sectional drawing of FIG. FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing the liquid crystal display device. It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the liquid crystal display device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the positional relationship of the barrier which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a graph which shows the characteristic of the liquid crystal display device concerning a 1st embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the advancing state of the light of the liquid crystal display device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the liquid crystal display device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a graph which shows the characteristic of the liquid crystal display device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the liquid crystal display device which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a graph which shows the characteristic of the liquid crystal display device which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the liquid crystal display device which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a graph which shows the characteristic of the liquid crystal display device which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the liquid crystal display device of a general IPS mode. It is a top view of the liquid crystal display device which concerns on 5th Embodiment. FIG. 16 is a sectional view taken along line MM in FIG. 15. It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the liquid crystal display device which concerns on 6th Embodiment. It is an external appearance perspective view which shows a mobile telephone provided with a liquid crystal display device. It is a schematic block diagram of the conventional electro-optical apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Liquid crystal display device (electro-optical device), 10 ... Element board | substrate, 10A ... Base | substrate body, B1, B2, B3 ... Light-shielding part, P1, P2, P3 ... Parallax barrier (light-shielding functional layer), 16 ... Pixel display area 25A ... first region, 25B ... second region, 26A ... first region group, 26B ... second region group, 40 ... liquid crystal panel (display panel), 50 ... liquid crystal layer (electro-optic layer), CF ... color filter 1300 ... Mobile phone (electronic equipment)

Claims (12)

A substrate having a plurality of pixel regions and holding an electro-optic layer;
A plurality of light shielding portions formed at intervals in the surface direction of the substrate, and a plurality of light shielding functional layers formed at intervals in the thickness direction of the substrate,
The plurality of light shielding functional layers absorb light emitted in a direction inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the substrate out of light emitted from the electro-optic layer side to the substrate, and with respect to the substrate An electro-optical device that transmits light emitted in a direction inclined at another angle. A counter substrate facing the substrate through the electro-optic layer;
The electro-optical device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the light shielding function layers are stacked on the substrate. A counter substrate facing the substrate through the electro-optic layer;
The electro-optical device according to claim 1, wherein one of the plurality of light shielding functional layers is formed on the counter substrate.     The light shielding part of one light shielding functional layer among the plurality of light shielding functional layers is shifted from the light shielding part of the other light shielding functional layer in the surface direction of the substrate. The electro-optical device according to claim 1, wherein the electro-optical device is disposed. The plurality of pixel regions include first and second pixel region groups,
For the light emitted in the first pixel region group, the plurality of light shielding functional layers transmit light emitted in a direction inclined at a predetermined angle on one side with respect to the normal direction of the substrate, and Absorbing light emitted in a direction inclined at a predetermined angle on the other side with respect to the normal direction of the substrate;
With respect to the light emitted from the second pixel region group, the plurality of light shielding functional layers transmit light emitted in a direction inclined at a predetermined angle to the other side, and have a predetermined value on the one side. The electro-optical device according to claim 4, which absorbs light emitted in a direction inclined at an angle.     The light-shielding part of one light-shielding functional layer among the plurality of light-shielding functional layers is located at a position that coincides with the light-shielding part of the other light-shielding functional layer in the surface direction of the substrate. The electro-optical device according to claim 1, wherein the electro-optical device is disposed.     Regarding the light emitted in the pixel region, the plurality of light shielding functional layers transmit light emitted in a direction inclined at a first angle with respect to the substrate, and have a normal direction to the substrate. The electro-optical device according to claim 6, wherein light that is emitted in a direction inclined at a second angle is absorbed.     The electro-optical device according to claim 1, further comprising a light emitting layer as the electro-optical layer. An electrode for driving the electro-optic layer;
The electro-optical device according to claim 1, wherein the electrode also serves as the light shielding portion.     The electro-optical device according to claim 9, wherein the electrode includes a plurality of electrode fingers in the pixel region, and the electrode fingers also serve as the light shielding portion.     11. The electro-optical device according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding portion of one of the plurality of light shielding functional layers is covered with a color filter.     An electronic apparatus comprising the electro-optical device according to claim 1.

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