JP2008141273A - 2-frequency double crossed polarization slotted waveguide array antenna and double crossed polarization communication system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an antenna capable of duplexing cross polarization communication while utilizing radio wave resources as efficiently as possible and a communication system using it. <P>SOLUTION: For the antenna, four slotted waveguide array antennas are arrayed in a grid shape of two rows and two columns turning their opening surfaces in the same direction, the polarization planes of the respective antennas are orthogonal between the antennas adjacent in the row direction and the column direction, and the frequencies used are different between the rows or between the columns. The antennas are provided facing each other between radio stations, and a transmitter and a receiver are connected such that the polarization plane of the two antennas at different frequencies to be used as a transmission antenna by one radio station and the polarization plane of the two antennas at different frequencies to be used as a reception antenna by the other radio station are the same for each using frequency and it is similar for the antennas to be used as the transmission antenna by the other radio station and the antennas to be used as the reception antenna by one radio station. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an orthogonally polarized wave waveguide slot array antenna capable of simultaneously performing orthogonally polarized wave communication capable of simultaneous transmission and reception at the same frequency on two lines, and a communication system technology using the same.

The following orthogonal polarization communication system is known as a system in which one radio station and the other radio station can simultaneously transmit and receive at the same frequency (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the radio stations on both sides (base stations A and B) each have a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna that operate at the same frequency and whose planes of polarization intersect, and one radio station (base station) The polarization plane of the transmission antenna 4A of A) and the polarization plane of the reception antenna 3B of the other radio station (base station B) are aligned vertically, and the transmission antenna 4B of the radio station (base station B) on the other side is aligned. And the polarization plane of the receiving antenna 3A of the radio station (base station A) on one side are arranged so as to be aligned with horizontal polarization.

  Therefore, even if the frequency characteristics of the antenna itself are the same, the radio wave transmitted from the transmitting antenna is difficult to be received by the receiving antenna of the local station. That is, sneaking from the transmitting antenna to the receiving antenna is suppressed.

On the other hand, the polarization plane of the transmission antenna of one radio station and the polarization plane of the reception antenna of the other radio station are aligned, and the polarization plane of the transmission antenna of the other radio station and the reception antenna of one side are aligned. Since the planes of polarization are aligned, the transmission waves from the counterparty radio station are well received by the receiving antenna.
As a result of aligning the polarization planes as described above, the planes of polarization of the transmission antennas of both radio stations are not uniform, so that the transmission radio wave from the counterpart radio station is not easily received by the transmission antenna.

As a result of the above, even if the radio station on one side and the radio station on the other side transmit at the same frequency, the receiving antenna of its own station suppresses the reception of its own transmitting radio wave and improves the transmitting radio wave of the other station. It will be received.
Therefore, even if the transmission frequency of the local station and the partner station is the same, in other words, in each radio station, it is possible to perform bidirectional communication simultaneously with transmission and reception even if the transmission frequency and the reception frequency are the same.
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2006-203541 ([0009] to [0014], FIG. 1)

The orthogonal polarization communication system as described above is an extremely effective system for effective utilization of limited radio resources. Therefore, the inventors of the present application and the applicants described that the orthogonal polarization communication system is duplicated. Thought.
In the first configuration, both the base station A and the base station B are simply doubled by adding the same configuration to the configuration in FIG. 4, and the second configuration is added in the base station A. The received antenna is vertically polarized, the added transmitting antenna is horizontally polarized, the added transmitting antenna is vertically polarized in the base station B, and the added receiving antenna is horizontally polarized.

However, the above-described configurations cause the following problems.
First, in the first configuration, the polarization planes of the transmission antenna and the reception antenna intersect in any base station, but the polarization planes of the two transmission antennas are the same, and the polarization planes of the two reception antennas. Are the same.
Therefore, two radio waves transmitted from two transmitting antennas connected to different transmitting devices of either base station are received together by two receiving antennas connected to different receivers of the counterpart base station. In this state, the signals are mixed and input to the two receivers, resulting in a so-called interference state.

  Further, in the second configuration, since the additional receiving antenna is vertically polarized in the base station A and the transmitting antenna 4A in FIG. 4 is vertically polarized, it has the same polarization, and the additional receiving antenna is the transmission of its own station. Since the radio wave is received from the antenna 4A, and the additional transmission antenna is horizontally polarized, there is a problem that the radio wave transmitted from this time is received by the reception antenna 3A in FIG.

  These problems can be solved if the frequency used in the original configuration of FIG. 4 and the frequency used by the additional configuration are greatly separated, but this is a preferable solution from the viewpoint of efficient use of radio resources. is not.

  In view of the problems of the background art described above, an object of the present invention is to realize an antenna capable of duplexing cross polarization communication and a communication system using the antenna while utilizing radio wave resources as efficiently as possible. There is.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention has the following configurations.
In the first configuration of the present invention, four waveguide slot array antennas are arranged in a 2-row and 2-column square shape with the aperture faces in the same direction. The dual-frequency double-orthogonal polarization waveguide slot array antenna is characterized in that the antennas adjacent to each other in the column direction are orthogonal to each other and the used frequency is different between rows or columns.

  The second configuration of the present invention has the dual-frequency double-orthogonal polarization waveguide slot array antenna of the first configuration in each of one radio station and the other radio station, and both antennas are opposed to each other. The polarization planes of two antennas with different frequencies used by one radio station as transmitting antennas and the polarization planes of two antennas with different frequencies used by the other radio station as receiving antennas are the same for each frequency used, and one radio station The polarization planes of two antennas having different frequencies used by the station as reception antennas and the polarization planes of two antennas having different frequencies used by the other radio station as transmission antennas are the same for each frequency used, and each of the two radio stations has two polarization planes. Each of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is connected to a transmitting device and a receiving device corresponding to the frequency used by the antenna, respectively. A wave communication system.

  In the first configuration of the present invention, four waveguide slot array antennas are used, but this waveguide slot array antenna has a characteristic that frequency band characteristics are narrower than other antennas. That is, there is a characteristic that a sufficient band for information transmission can be secured, but abruptly attenuates when the band deviates from the band.

  Such waveguide slot array antennas are arranged in a 2-row and 2-column rice field with the opening surfaces facing in the same direction, and the polarization planes of adjacent antennas in the row and column directions are orthogonal to each other. Since it is isolated, it can be diagonally arranged even with the same polarization, and it can be isolated more than vertically or horizontally, and the use frequency is shifted for each row or column. Two sets of orthogonally polarized antennas can be constructed in units of rows or columns, and the frequency shift is due to the fact that the frequency band characteristics of the waveguide slot array antenna are narrow. Effective use of radio resources because the separation width is small compared to the frequency separation width when obtaining isolation between both frequency signals and the frequency occupation width is small. There is an effect to say that contribute to use.

  The second configuration of the present invention is a multi-orthogonal polarization communication system using the antenna of the first configuration for one radio station and the other radio station, and constitutes two sets of orthogonal polarization communication systems. However, since the frequency used is different between the two, in each radio station, the wraparound from the transmitting antenna having the same polarization plane to the receiving antenna of the own station can be practically ignored, and transmission from the two transmitting antennas of the partner station is possible. For reception of radio waves, radio waves having different frequencies are not received even if the plane of polarization is the same, so that interference can be virtually ignored, and two sets of orthogonal polarization communication systems are established, and the first There is an effect that it contributes to the effective utilization of radio wave resources by using the antenna of the configuration.

  In forming the dual-frequency orthogonally polarized wave waveguide slot array antenna of the present invention, the four antennas are integrated so that the opening surfaces of the four antennas are squares of the same size, and the squares are arranged in a square shape. The waveguide is formed by dividing one side of the base of four antennas into a square shape, and for each divided region, a feed waveguide and radiation matched to the polarization and frequency of that portion. A waveguide slot array antenna in which four antennas are integrated by providing a groove serving as a waveguide for use, and covering and fixing the base plate with a slot array plate in which slots are punched corresponding to the respective feed waveguides. Is the best embodiment.

With such a configuration, the base body can be manufactured by die casting, and mass production and low cost can be realized.
Also, the interval between the two operating frequencies is set as narrow as possible by utilizing the narrow bandwidth of the waveguide slot array antenna so that sneak in the local station and interference during communication can be virtually ignored. This is the best embodiment for utilizing a finite frequency band without waste.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an opening surface of a dual-frequency double-orthogonal polarization waveguide slot array antenna of the present invention.
In this front view, only the slot array plate 3 provided with the slot 2 can be seen, but a substrate provided with a feeding waveguide and a groove for a radiating waveguide is in close contact with the slot array plate 3.
As shown in the figure, the base body is divided into four regions in a square shape, and each region corresponds to the polarization plane and the operating frequency of each of the slot array antennas 1a to 1d formed by that portion. A feeding waveguide groove and a radiating waveguide groove are formed.

A row of slots 2 corresponding to each region of the slot array plate 3 is provided in correspondence with the radiation waveguide groove. In the figure, solid line shown in the center of each slot array antenna 1a~1d is a line indicating the plane of polarization of the slot array antenna, f _1, f ₂ denotes a frequency to use each slot array antenna.
Specifically, assuming that the horizontal direction in FIG. 1 is the horizontal direction, the slot array antenna 1a is horizontally polarized and the frequency used is f ₁ , the slot array antenna 1b is vertically polarized and the frequency used is also f ₁ , and accordingly. These two antennas constitute a pair of orthogonally polarized slot array antennas.

Similarly, the slot array antenna 1c is vertically polarized and the frequency used is f ₂ , the slot array antenna 1d is horizontally polarized and the frequency used is f ₂ , and another set of orthogonally polarized slot arrays is used with these two antennas. The antenna is configured.

  The dual-frequency double-orthogonal polarization slot array antenna of the present invention has a configuration in which four waveguide slot array antennas are arranged in a 2-row, 2-column-shaped square shape with the opening surfaces directed in the same direction. The plane of polarization of each antenna is orthogonal between adjacent antennas in the row and column directions.

Further, the slot array antennas 1a and 1d having the same plane of polarization and 1b and 1c are diagonally arranged, and isolation is obtained as compared with the case of vertical alignment or horizontal alignment.
At this time, it is possible to improve the isolation between the orthogonal polarizations by matching the symmetrical center lines of the slot arrangements of adjacent antennas.
The frequency is different between rows in FIG. 1, but may be different between columns.

FIG. 2 is a diagram in which the two-frequency double-orthogonal polarization waveguide slot antenna 1 of FIG. 1 is installed in one radio station and the other radio station, and a transmitter and a receiver are connected to each.
Both antennas are provided facing each other. A signal output from the transmission device 4 of one radio station at the frequency f ₁ is transmitted from the slot array antenna 1a, received by the slot array antenna 1a of the same polarization plane of the other radio station, and input to the reception device 10. . Similarly, a signal output from the transmission device 5 at the frequency f ₂ is input to the reception device 11.

Then, a signal from the transmission device 4 is not input to the reception device 11, and a signal from the transmission device 5 is not input to the reception device 10. This is because the polarization planes are different.
At this time, the radio wave transmitted from the slot array antenna 1a does not enter the receiving device 8 because the plane of polarization of the slot array antenna 1b is different, and does not enter the receiving device 9 because the frequency of the slot array antenna 1d is different. . Similarly, the transmission signal of the transmission device 5 does not circulate to the reception device 8 because the frequency is different even if the plane of polarization is the same to the slot array antenna 1b, and even if the frequency is the same to the slot array antenna 1d. Since the plane of polarization is different, it does not wrap around the receiving device 9.
The above transmission / reception relationship and the fact that no wraparound occurs are exactly the same for transmission from the transmission devices 6 and 7 in the other radio station.

Thus, transmission from the transmission device 4 to the reception device 10 and transmission from the transmission device 6 to the reception device 8 can be simultaneously transmitted and received at the frequency f ₁ , and transmission from the transmission device 5 to the reception device 11 and transmission device are possible. Transmission from 7 to the receiving device 9 can be simultaneously transmitted and received at one frequency f ₂ wave.
Further, since the waveguide slot array antenna has a narrower band than other antennas, the spacing for practically ignoring the sneaking and interference between the frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ can be reduced. Therefore, the necessary frequency bandwidth can be reduced, which contributes to the efficient use of the frequency band.
As described above, the case of FIG. 2 is a case where the polarizations of two transmissions in one radio station are made different, but the same effect as in the case of FIG. 2 can be obtained even if the polarizations of the two transmissions are the same. .

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a connection in the case where the two transmissions have the same polarization in the radio station, and the two receptions have the same polarization.
In this case, since the two sets of polarized waves are different between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in the own station, the problem of wraparound in the own station does not occur.
In addition, although the two receiving antennas have the same polarization, the use frequencies are different such as f ₁ and f ₂ , so there is no possibility of interference when receiving from the other station.
Therefore, the connection relationship between each of the slot array antennas 1a to 1d, the transmission device, and the reception device may be any of FIG. 2 and FIG.

  Further, each transmitter and receiver can be miniaturized so that they can be tightly mounted on the back of the waveguide slot array antenna to be connected, the transmission line can be extremely shortened, and the antenna can be used as a transmitter. And it plays the role of a radiator of the receiving device, and an extremely good result can be obtained.

It is a front view which shows the opening surface of the 2 frequency double orthogonal polarization waveguide slot array antenna of this invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a two-frequency orthogonal polarization communication system in which the dual-frequency double-orthogonal polarization waveguide slot array antenna of the present invention is installed in one radio station and the other radio station, and a transmitting device and a receiving device are connected to each. is there. FIG. 3 is a block diagram in which the connection of the transmitting device and the receiving device with respect to the waveguide slot array antenna of frequency f ₂ is exchanged with respect to the connection of FIG. 2. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the conventionally known 1 frequency orthogonal polarization communication system.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 2 frequency double orthogonal polarization waveguide slot array antenna 1A, 1B receiver 1a-1d Slot array antenna 2 Slot 2A, 2B Transmitter 3 Slot array board 3A, 3B Receive antenna 4-7 Transmitter 4A, 4B Transmit antenna 8 ~ 11 Receiver

Claims (2)

  Four waveguide slot array antennas are arranged in a 2-row and 2-column rice field with the opening surfaces facing in the same direction, and the polarization planes of each antenna are orthogonal between adjacent antennas in the row and column directions. The frequency used is different between rows or columns. A dual-frequency double-orthogonal polarization waveguide slot array antenna.   Each of the one radio station and the other radio station has the dual-frequency double-orthogonal polarization waveguide slot array antenna according to claim 1, both antennas are opposed to each other, and the frequency used by one radio station as a transmission antenna The planes of polarization of two antennas having different frequencies and the planes of polarization of two antennas having different frequencies used by the other radio station as receiving antennas are the same for each frequency used, and 2 different frequencies used by one radio station as receiving antennas. The plane of polarization of one antenna and the plane of polarization of two antennas with different frequencies used by the other radio station as the transmitting antenna are the same for each frequency used, and each of the two transmitting antennas and receiving antennas of both radio stations has A multi-orthogonal polarization communication system, characterized in that a transmitting device and a receiving device corresponding to a frequency used by an antenna are connected.

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