JP2008138352A - Fine spinning frame - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fine spinning frame equipped with a spindle device in which a radial force produced on precession movement is separated from spindle bearings and which can economically be manufactured and simply assembled. <P>SOLUTION: A spindle 30 including a spindle upper side portion 10 and a separate driving device is provided. The separate driving device is composed of an electric motor including a rotor 4 attached and connected to a spindle shaft portion 2 and a stator 5 connected to a bearing housing 11. The spindle shaft portion is supported through bearings 6, 7 attached to the bearing housing. The spindle 30 is movably attached to a machine frame 15 by attaching means 3 above the electric motor. The attaching means 3 is formed to enable a spindle precession rotated to draw a conical plane 73. Therein, a precessional rotation point 9 for forming a tip of the conical plane is placed at the height of a spindle-attached portion. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The invention relates to a spindle device, at least one spindle, each comprising a spindle upper part serving as a support for the spinning winding tube and a separate drive device arranged below the spindle upper part. The individual drive device is composed of an electric motor having a rotor and a stator disposed in a bearing housing, and the rotor is mounted and coupled to the spindle shaft portion so as not to be relatively rotatable. The stator is coupled to the bearing housing in a non-rotatable manner, and the spindle shaft portion is provided inside the bearing housing or supported via an upper bearing and a lower bearing attached to the bearing housing. Spindles that act directly or indirectly on the machine frame, in particular as spindle supports. Le (Spindelbank) or to spinning machine that includes a spindle device of the type attached to the holding device attached to the spindle rail.

  Ring spinning machines equipped with individual spindle drives as an alternative to belt drives have already been known for a long time, but to date there are various reasons compared to conventional belt drives for various reasons. It has not yet spread.

  Correspondingly, there are numerous publications in this field dealing with the problem of the drive unit concept or the mounting of such spindle units with individual drives on the machine frame, ie the spindle rail, among others. is doing.

  However, many of the known concepts for attaching spindles with individual drives to the spindle rail do not take into account the coma force (Kreiselkraefte) that occurs when the spindle rotates, or very little I only consider it. Such coma force causes a precession of the coma axis when an imbalance occurs. However, unbalance and radial yarn winding force are unavoidable when forming a wound body on a spindle winding tube. That is, there is always a slight non-uniformity during spinning, and this non-uniformity can be attributed inter alia to the yarn to be wound. Such non-uniformity then causes a corresponding radial force during spinning. Such radial forces result in corresponding friction in the spindle shaft bearings if the structure of the spindle mounting is inconvenient. This manifests itself in increased energy requirements and bearing wear. This is particularly true for high speed regions, for example 25000-30000 r. p. m. On the contrary, in the case of the funnel spinning method (Trichterspinnverfahren), a maximum of 60000 r. p. m. It can be said that the spindle is operated in the rotation speed range.

  German Offenlegungsschrift 100 27089 describes, for example, a spindle supported by a spindle rail with an individual drive of an electric motor type supported in a bearing housing. In this case, the bearing housing of the spindle is movably supported on the spindle rail via a flexible axial support portion. However, this solution is provided in the upper spindle section so that the high lateral displacement of the spindle in the upper spindle section caused by the rotation point arranged on the spindle base does not exceed a certain amount. Requires exercise restriction.

  EP-A-0 406 720 describes a spindle of a spinning machine with an electric motor-type individual drive device in a bearing housing. The bearing housing is attached to the spindle rail with at least two damping elements spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction. Since the above structure cannot receive the coma force based on the suspension of the spindle in the holding device to a satisfactory extent by the rolling bearing of the spindle shaft portion, the problem described at the beginning also occurs in this case.

German Offenlegungsschrift 10 35 197 1 describes a spindle with an individual motor drive with an electric motor in a motor housing. In this case, the motor housing is held in the outer housing in an elastically and damped manner at at least two points away from each other. Despite the damped holding of the spindle, a radial force is still acting on the bearing, which reduces the life of the bearing.
German Patent Application Publication No. 10027089 European Patent Application No. 0406720 German Patent Application Publication No. 10351971

  Therefore, the problem underlying the present invention is to improve the spindle device of the type described at the outset so that the radial force generated during precession is separated from the spindle bearing and the spindle device can be manufactured economically. And it is providing the spinning machine provided with the spindle apparatus which the assembly | attachment becomes easy.

  In order to solve this problem, in the configuration of the present invention, the spindle is movably attached to the machine frame directly or indirectly by attachment means above the electric motor, and the attachment portion or coupling portion is attached to the spindle. , Rotating around a conical surface, preferably configured to allow free precession, provided that the precession rotation point forming the cone tip is located at the height of the spindle mounting I tried to be.

  Unlike a conventional piece, the spindle or spindle device has two mass centers of mass which are arranged at different heights, based on the type of support in the bearing housing. The first mass center of gravity is in this case referred to as the rotating mass center of gravity, which is the mass center of gravity of the spindle mass that rotates about the spindle axis during the spinning process. The spindle rotating mass has a high speed rotation, for example 25000 r. p. m. Rotation with a spindle speed of The spindle rotating mass includes all masses that are non-rotatably mounted on the spindle shaft, such as a cup with a winding tube and a rotor for an electric motor, except for a stator and a bearing housing. Not.

  The second mass body centroid, called the precession mass centroid, is the mass centroid of the spindle mass that precesses. This precession exercises a slow rotation around the precession rotation point. The precession mass includes all masses that are fixed directly or indirectly to the machine frame via the elastic attachment means. This rotating mass includes in particular the rotating spindle mass as well as the stator part of the electric motor, a complete bearing part and a bearing housing. That is, the mass of the precession mass body is larger than the mass of the spindle rotation mass body.

The precession mass is located below the spindle rotation mass center because the additional precession mass for the spindle rotation mass is located within the electric motor in the lower spindle section. . Therefore, the mass moment of inertia J _S for spindle rotation is smaller than the mass moment of inertia J _P for the rotation of the precession.

  The precession rotation point is advantageously located at the same height or above the precession mass center of gravity in the full cup. The precession rotation point is above the center of gravity of the precession mass in a full cup, preferably at a height corresponding to less than 11% of the total spindle length, preferably less than 7%. It is located at a height corresponding to less than 3%. The total spindle length is defined by the length extending in the longitudinal direction between the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the spindle shaft portion.

  However, the precession rotation point may be disposed below the center of gravity of the precession mass in a full cup. The precession rotation point is in this case below the precession mass center of gravity in the full cup, preferably at a height corresponding to less than 11% of the total spindle length, advantageously at a height corresponding to less than 7%. In particular, it is located at a height corresponding to less than 3%.

  If necessary, the precession mass is intentionally added to the spindle, in particular the lower section of the spindle, for the purpose of fixing the position of the precession mass center of gravity, for example by means of a weight attached to the bearing housing Can do.

  The spindle is mounted over its vertical extension length by elastic mounting means or coupling means in only one horizontal plane. The underlying bearing housing does not have a separate contact point with the machine frame components or the machine frame itself.

  Based on the placement of the mounting portion above the motor that forms the first precession mass and below the upper portion of the spindle with the cup that forms the second precession mass, centered on the precession rotation point Optimal mass distribution is achieved.

The bearings are preferably housed together with the drive in one component unit. This component unit is preferably closed to the outside by a cylindrical bearing housing. Regarding the position of the spindle bearing relative to the electric motor, three possible embodiments are conceivable:
In the first embodiment, the upper bearing is disposed above the electric motor or rotor, for example, at the upper end of the bearing housing, and the lower bearing is disposed below the electric motor or rotor, for example, the lower end of the bearing housing. Is arranged. Thus, the mass body on which the electric motor is moved is ideally arranged between the two bearings. The upper bearing is preferably fixed in position on the upper cover element of the bearing housing or is integrated into this upper cover element, in particular it is exposed to the outside so that it can be modified directly. It has become. The lower bearing is preferably fixed in position on the lower cover element or integrated in this lower cover element, in particular it is exposed to the outside so that it can be modified directly It has become. For the purpose of replacing damaged bearings, this bearing can be replaced with the cover element in units or removed from the cover element directly from the outside if the bearing is exposed to the outside .

  In the second embodiment, the upper bearing and the lower bearing are arranged below the electric motor or the rotor. Both bearings may in this embodiment be arranged in the form of a single bearing assembly that is itself closed. In this case, the bearing assembly can be detachably fixed to and removed from the spindle as a unit. In this way, a simple replacement of the damaged bearing is possible. This is important in the case of bearings with oil-free lubrication with correspondingly limited lifetimes.

  In the third embodiment, the upper bearing and the lower bearing are arranged above the electric motor or the rotor. In this case, the electric motor or rotor is cantilevered. Similar to the second embodiment, both bearings may also be arranged in this embodiment in the form of a single bearing assembly which is itself closed.

  The upper bearing is advantageously arranged at the same height as or below the spindle mounting, particularly in the first and third embodiments.

  The motor may be a three-phase AC motor, but it is advantageous if it is a DC motor, in particular a BLDC (brushless DC motor) with a Hall sensor. It is advantageous if the bearing housing corresponds to the motor housing at the same time. However, it is also possible for the electric motor to be housed in a separate motor housing. In this case, the motor housing is integrated into the bearing housing, and the spindle shaft is guided through the coherently extending, preferably cylindrical opening, provided in the motor housing. It is fixed so that relative rotation is impossible. That is, the stator may be coupled directly or indirectly to the bearing housing so as not to rotate relative to the bearing housing.

  The spindle is directly or indirectly attached to the machine frame. The mounting can be done via a bearing housing or a cover element on the upper side of the bearing housing.

  "Mechanical frame" broadly means a component of a spinning machine designed to hold a spindle, such as a spindle pedestal or spindle rail. “Indirect” refers to an intermediate component such as a holding device which on the one hand holds the spindle movably and on the other hand is fixedly fixed to the machine frame. The intermediate component is designed so that the intermediate component as well as the components of the machine frame are not moved by precession or radial forces that are caused by spindle imbalance or by yarn tension. It is desirable that However, the intermediate component can also be sufficiently fixed to the machine frame via corresponding damping elements. However, the damping element does not absorb the coma force (single music force), but only works to attenuate the vibration.

  The attachment means has a resilient, in particular rubber-elastic and / or spring-elastic coupling element. Since the mounting means has a permanent return capability, the spindle center and vertical spindle position do not change in relation to time. The attachment means may comprise a rubber element or an elastomer element or a spring element. Combinations of material elastic and spring elastic elements are also conceivable. These elements are advantageously formed in an annular shape. The element may be present in the form of a ring segment. The coupling element may be coupled to the coupling partner, for example, in a material connection, for example by vulcanization.

  In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the spindle is connected to the spindle rail via a holding device formed as an outer housing or an outer housing. In this case, the bearing housing of the spindle is preferably fitted concentrically in the outer housing and is pivotally connected to the outer housing via attachment means. A gap is formed between the outer housing and the bearing housing, which allows the spindle to perform a free precession without interference. This annular gap may have a width of 1 to 5 mm, in particular 1.5 to 3 mm. The bearing and the outer housing are advantageously formed in a cylindrical shape. The outer housing is advantageously rigidly and immovably connected to a spindle rail or another component of the machine frame.

  The outer housing is advantageously closed in its lower section via the housing bottom and in its upper section via a housing cover that surrounds the spindle shaft to form one closed chamber. is there. The outer housing may be provided with only the bottom of the housing, and may form a pot-shaped accommodation portion that opens upward.

  At least the lower section of the gap between the bearing housing and the outer housing may be filled with a damping medium. The damping medium serves to damp the precession of the bearing housing. The damping medium may be a fluid, in particular a low-viscosity to high-viscosity liquid, such as a damping oil or a pasty liquid. The gap may comprise means for slowing the circulation or movement of the damping medium and thus amplifying the damping action. Such means may be present, for example, in the form of a spiral insert or in the form of an insert with a labyrinth-like comb structure or an open-pored foam material. There may also be damping means in the form of open and / or closed pore foam materials, for example polyurethane foam materials, which are arranged between the bearing housing and the outer housing.

  Advantageously, the spindle with the bearing housing and the outer housing together with the mounting means form one pre-assembled component unit, the “spindle device”. The spindle device can be assembled to the machine frame with little effort, and in this case, the outer housing has a coupling point for immovably attaching the outer housing to the machine frame. The lower end of the outer housing is attached to a spindle rail and may be screwed or welded to the spindle rail, for example. However, it is desirable that the spindle device can be fixed to the machine frame so that it can be centered with respect to the ring rail. The component unit is advantageously dust-tightly closed via the outer housing, including the spindle suspension.

  The outer housing can form together with the spindle, in particular one component unit which is completely closed, but the outer housing which is not moved by the coma force acts primarily as a holding device or intermediate component But remember that it is not part of the spindle that can be displaced by the top force.

  In the case where the spindle does not have the encapsulation portion, the bearing housing or the outer housing of the spindle may be fitted into a circular opening provided in the spindle rail.

  Since the elastic mounting means can only absorb axial tensile forces and pressing forces on a limited scale, in an advantageous refinement of the invention, between the bearing housing and the outer housing, for example a stopper A limiting device of the form This stopper abuts the spindle with the bearing housing when an excessive axial tensile load or axial pressing load occurs, thus preventing subsequent axial loading on the resilient mounting element. Such an axial force is generated, for example, in the doffing process. It is desirable that the spindle does not move more than 1 mm in the axial direction during doffing.

  However, in another advantageous refinement of the invention, the spindle device has an encapsulation for the purpose of reducing the air transport by the rotating spindle. In each case, this encapsulating part surrounds the spindle device under the current Kops-Fadenablage. In the case of a ring spinning machine, the encapsulating portion is attached to the lower surface of the ring rail, for example. The encapsulating part may be cylindrical or conical with a diameter increasing downward. Instead of a conical configuration, the encapsulating part may have a cylindrical base body with a hopper-like widened part in its lower end section.

  The upper spindle bearing is advantageously a rolling bearing. The lower spindle bearing is also advantageously a rolling bearing, in which case the bearing is a combined radial / thrust bearing. The lower bearing and the upper bearing may be the same type of rolling bearing or different types of rolling bearings.

  The rolling bearing may be a ball bearing, a double ball bearing, a needle bearing, a spherical roller bearing (Tonnenlager) or a conical bearing. Furthermore, the rolling bearing may be a hybrid bearing provided with a non-conductive rolling element. Such rolling elements may be made of, for example, a non-metallic material such as ceramics or plastic. The ceramic may be an oxide ceramic or a non-oxide ceramic, such as silicon nitride. The hybrid bearing is advantageously a ball bearing. The outer race and / or inner race of the bearing may be electrically insulated, for example by a non-conductive covering. The hybrid bearing has the following advantages. That is, there is no bearing current that may occur based on the inductive effect of the adjacent electric motor. The bearing may have oil lubrication or grease lubrication. This oil lubrication or grease lubrication advantageously has oilless lubrication. This can be, for example, a commercially available double V or double Z bearing. It is desirable that the bearing play existing in the bearing is set as small as possible.

  The invention further comprises a spindle unit for use in a spinning machine of the type previously described, each comprising a spindle upper part serving as a support for a wound or twisted winding, and a lower part of the spindle upper part. The individual drive device is provided with a spindle with an individual drive device, the individual drive device comprising an electric motor with a rotor and a stator arranged in a bearing housing, the rotor comprising a spindle shaft The stator is directly or indirectly coupled to the bearing housing so that it cannot rotate relative to the bearing housing, and the spindle shaft portion is provided inside the bearing housing, or the bearing. The present invention relates to a type supported by an upper bearing and a lower bearing attached to a housing.

  In the spindle unit according to the present invention, the spindle unit has a holding device, and is movably coupled to the holding device by a mounting means above the electric motor, and the mounting means or the coupling portion is connected to the holding device. A precession rotation point that is configured to allow a precession of a spindle disposed inside or attached to a holding device to rotate about a predetermined conical surface, but forming a conical tip Is located at the height of the spindle mounting portion. The spindle unit can also include the features, variations and embodiments of the spindle or its holding device described herein in connection with the spinning machine.

  Unlike known solutions in which the spindle is mounted on the machine frame via the shoulder by means of elastic mounting means, according to the invention, the spindle is advantageously from below or side via the mounting means. It is suspended from one side to an intermediate component or holding device or directly to a machine frame. During lateral mounting, the spindle is guided through an opening or passage provided in the machine frame or intermediate component, in which case an annular gap is formed between both components, Elastic attachment means are arranged in the gap.

  The mounting means for suspending the spindle is preferably arranged in one horizontal plane as much as possible. Thus, the spindle behaves substantially like a top with a free suspension when activated. Such a suspension, which ideally corresponds to a quasi-cardan suspension, offers the advantage that no resonance speed or axial deflection occurs.

  The spindle is in contact with the machine frame only at one point corresponding to the suspension point over its vertical extension length. This point is also the rotation point of the spindle precession. The spindle must not be in contact with the machine frame or intermediate components or the holding device elsewhere except at this point of rotation, or it must not be connected to the machine frame, and the rubber-elastic or spring-elastic damper. It must not be connected through. One exception is in some cases formed by a viscous damping medium. In this case, the viscous damping medium may be arranged between the bearing housing and the outer housing.

  Since the spindle shaft can be driven by the generated radial force based on the movable bearing type of the bearing housing, the spindle draws a predetermined conical surface as a “free top” in the sense of precession mentioned above. Thus, frictional forces that could otherwise occur on the bearing are sufficiently avoided. Since the unbalance is force compensated by precession, there is no additional bearing force. This manifests itself in a correspondingly reduced bearing wear and a reduction in the energy required for driving the electric motor. The mobility of the bearing housing is achieved by elastic mounting. This elastic attachment gives the spindle shaft a corresponding radial retractability based on its followability or flexibility, allowing displacement movement. The radial force acting on the spindle is transmitted from the spindle shaft to the bearing housing via the rolling bearing without substantial friction. This bearing housing thus supports the precession of the spindle shaft together correspondingly.

  Since the stator performs precession with the rotor as part of the precession mass, the air gap between the rotor and stator remains substantially constant during operation. Correspondingly, the electric motor can be made compact with a small air gap between the rotor and the stator.

  Conventionally known systems for individual spindle drives are about 25000-30000 r. p. m. Allows maximum rotation speed. In the case of funnel spinning, 60000 r. p. m. Or, a larger rotational speed is expected. The spindle device according to the present invention accommodates such a high rotational speed range. That is, the bearing housing according to the present invention of the bearing housing can be used to achieve a decisive reduction in friction and thus a reduction in the required energy and wear and a significant increase in the production speed of the spinning machine. The individual spindle drive according to the invention is suitable for all spinning machines operated with spindles, for example ring spinning machines, funnel spinning machines (Trichterspinnmaschinen) or loop spinning machines (Schlaufenspinnmaschinen). Furthermore, the individual spindle drive according to the invention is also suitable for twisting machines and double twister or two-for-one twisting machines (Doppeldrahtzwirnmaschinen).

  In the following, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  A spindle device 70 with a movable, in particular elastic suspension 79, schematically illustrated in FIG. 1, is a so-called cardan suspension having no self-supporting force in terms of the principle of operation. Equivalent to “Koma (top)” with The spindle has a rotational axis 71 that is freely supported, and this rotational axis 71 corresponds to the spindle shaft portion. This spindle shaft portion is driven by an electric motor 78 housed in the bearing housing. Above and below the electric motor 78, but below the suspension, a bearing portion 76 on the upper side of the spindle and a bearing portion 77 on the lower side are provided. The spindle, including the cup, the bearing housing with the electric motor, and the bearing part, forms a precession rotating mass 72 having a precession mass centroid 83 located slightly below the precession rotation point 75. . The spindle is attached to a machine frame 74, for example a spindle pedestal or spindle rail, via a suspension 79, for example a rubber elastic element, or is attached via a holding device fixed to the spindle rail. A precession rotation point 75 at a fixed position is located at the height of the suspension portion 79, and the rotating spindle around the precession rotation point 75 is "coma (top)" when unbalanced. ”So as to draw a conical surface 73. The precession rotation point 75 forms a conical tip. Since the precession rotation point 75 is not located at the tip or base of the spindle but between the two end points, each precessing spindle has one upper conical surface 82, A lower conical surface 73 opposite to the upper conical surface 82 is formed. The conical tips of both conical surfaces 82 and 73 coincide at the precession rotation point 75. The spindle swing is represented by angle 81 and is related to the strength of the precession or the unbalance. The maximum displacement of the lower end point of the spindle is in this case about 1-2 mm.

  It is desirable that the spindle arrangement be as close as possible to the free frame arrangement. “Free coma” is characterized in particular by the fact that its precession rotation point is located at the center of gravity of the precession mass. If the elastic suspension of the top is located at the center of gravity of the precessing mass, this top will not be subjected to the moment of force due to gravity (kraeftefrei). However, the vertical position of the precession mass center of gravity of the spindle device moves upward based on the increase in cup mass during cup formation over the spinning process. Accordingly, it has been found that it is advantageous to arrange the precession rotation point so that the center of gravity of the precession mass is located slightly below the precession rotation point in the case of a full cup. In other words, the spindle's elastic rotation point attachment in the machine frame is as close as possible to the ideal “coma that is not subject to the moment of force due to gravity (kraeftefrei. Kreisel)”. It is desirable to be located slightly above the center of gravity of the difference mass body.

  FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a spindle device 1 according to the invention of a ring spinning machine. The ring spinning machine includes a ring rail 16, and the ring rail 16 includes a ring 17 and a ring traveler 18 that freely rotates along the ring 17. The spindle 30 has a spindle upper portion 10, which includes a clamp crown and a spindle mandrel that supports a winding tube for forming the cup 8. An electric motor is disposed below the spindle upper portion 10. The electric motor is coupled to the rotor 4 disposed so as not to rotate relative to the spindle shaft 2 and to the bearing housing 11 so as not to rotate relative thereto. And a stator 5. An upper bearing 6 formed as a rolling bearing is arranged above the rotor 4 and below the spindle upper portion 10. Below the rotor 4, a lower bearing 7 which is also formed as a rolling bearing is arranged. The bearing housing 11 is formed as a closed tubular hollow body and surrounds the electric motor. The bearing housing 11 is closed at the lower part via a lower cover 22 arranged at the height of the lower bearing 7 and at the upper part via an upper cover 23 arranged at the height of the upper bearing 6. Has been. The upper bearing 6 and the lower bearing 7 are fitted into recesses provided outside the corresponding covers 22; 23, respectively, and are coupled to the covers 22; In this case, since the bearing unit is exposed to the outside, it is guaranteed that the bearing unit 11 can be directly operated without opening the bearing housing 11.

  The bearing housing 11 of the spindle 30 is preferably fitted in a cylindrical outer housing 21 and is connected to the outer housing 21 via elastic mounting means 3 at the height of the upper bearing 6. 21 is attached to be movable. Therefore, the rotation point 9 of the precession is located substantially at the height of the upper bearing 6. The bearing housing 11 and the outer housing 21 form a gap-shaped hollow chamber or gap 12 on both the side and the bottom side. The gap 12 is firmly fixed to the spindle support or the spindle rail 15 by an angle member 27. The rotating precession of the bearing housing 11 in the outer housing 21 thus made possible. The outer housing 21 is also formed as a closed tubular hollow body and surrounds the entire bearing housing 11 including the upper bearing 6 and the lower bearing 7. The outer housing 21 is closed by a housing bottom 14 on the lower side and a housing cover 24 on the upper side.

  The elastic attachment means 3 is disposed between the upper cover 23 of the bearing housing 11 and the housing cover 24 of the outer housing 21, and couples the covers together. The elastic attachment means 3 is a rubber elastic annular body extending around the spindle shaft portion. The spindle 30 is attached to the outer housing 21 or its housing cover 24 in a suspended structure from below. That is, the connection point between the attachment means 3 and the bearing housing 11 is located below the connection point between the attachment means 3 and the outer housing 21.

  The lower section of the gap 12 between the bearing housing 11 and the outer housing 21 may be filled with damping oil 13 as required. The damping oil 13 can attenuate the precession performed by the spindle 30 inside the outer housing 21 as necessary.

  Below the ring rail 16, it is advantageous if a cylindrical encapsulating part 19 fixed on the lower side of the ring rail 16 is arranged for the purpose of reducing pneumatic conveyance by the cup during the spinning process. The encapsulating portion 19 surrounds a portion of the spindle 30 located below the ring rail 16. The encapsulating part 19 may be screwed to the ring rail 16 via an angle member 28, for example. The capsule encapsulating part 19 may have an edge bent part. In this case, the capsule encapsulating part 19 is fixed to the ring frame via the edge bent part. The encapsulating part 19 has a correspondingly larger diameter than the outer housing 21. It is advantageous if an air gap is formed between the encapsulation part 19 and the outer housing 21.

  The encapsulation part 19 may have a hopper-shaped end section 28a (indicated by a broken line). This geometry facilitates the downward flow of air 29a. This is particularly important when the hopper-shaped end section 28b of the encapsulating part 19 is located at the height of the upper end of the bearing housing 11 during the cup formation process. Based on the hopper shape, a larger air passage is provided that goes downward. The air passage portion generates a suction effect 29b that goes downward in a manner similar to the chimney effect, together with the air motion generated by the rotation of the cup. Due to this suction effect, dirt, in particular fluff, is led out from the spindle device downward. Of course, the configuration of the encapsulation portion 19 is not limited to such one embodiment. On the contrary, the encapsulating part is very general and can be used separately from such a suspension or mounting of a spindle with a spindle motor for a spinning machine with an individual spindle drive. Further, the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 is also applied to a spindle apparatus without a capsule enclosing unit.

  The bearing housing 11 and the electric motor supported in this bearing housing 11 together with the outer housing 21 and the spindle upper part 10 form one component unit, which component unit is fastened with corresponding fastening means, for example screws. It is firmly coupled to the spindle rail 15 via the angle member 27.

  The annular elastic mounting means 50 shown in FIG. 3 has a steel spring member 52 that extends around the spindle shaft 58 in a wavy and horizontal direction. For example, the steel spring member 52, which may be formed in a line shape or a belt shape, is guided in a groove provided in the outer housing 53 or a component connected to the outer housing 53 at an arc segment on the outer side thereof. Is held in the axial direction. The arc sections on the inner side of the steel spring member 52 are guided in grooves provided in the spindle or the bearing housing 55 or a component connected to the bearing housing 55 and are held in the axial direction. The steel spring member 52 extends over the entire circumference around the plurality of pin-like elements 59 and 60 while being displaced in a waveform. These pin-shaped elements 59 and 60 are disposed in the groove and hold the steel spring member 52 in the radial direction. The pin-like elements 59 and 60 prevent the steel spring member 52 from shifting in the radial direction toward the center. The outer housing 53 and the bearing housing 55 form a gap 54, and this gap 54 guarantees a required degree of freedom of movement for precession movement. However, since the holding portion of the steel spring member 52 is formed so that the steel spring member 52 can move around the pin in the circumferential direction, the spindle moves from a position concentric with the outer housing to the side. Can be moved. In this case, under the movement of the steel spring member 52 in the circumferential direction, the steel spring forms a larger wave amplitude on the side where the wide gap is formed than on the side where the small gap is formed. The steel spring member 52 is located at the height of the precession rotation point 61. In some cases, the capsule enclosing portion 51 may be disposed so as to surround the outer housing 53.

  FIG. 4a schematically shows another embodiment of the movable mounting part of the spindle. The outer housing 104 of the spindle device 101 forms a shoulder portion, and one or a plurality of attachment means 103 are mounted on the shoulder portion. The bearing housing 105 of the spindle forms a flange, which extends so as to overlap the shoulder of the outer housing 104 and is mounted on the mounting means 103. The outer housing 104 is fixedly coupled to the machine frame. Furthermore, the spindle shaft 102 is schematically illustrated. Unlike the spindle mounting portion shown in FIG. 2, in this case, the bearing housing 105 of the spindle is mounted on the outer housing 104 via an elastic mounting means 103. That is, the coupling point between the mounting means 103 and the bearing housing 105 is located above the coupling point between the mounting means 103 and the outer housing 104.

  FIG. 4b schematically shows yet another embodiment of the movable spindle mount. A resilient mounting means 203 couples the outer housing 204 of the spindle device to the bearing housing 205 in a lateral arrangement. That is, the coupling point between the mounting means 203 and the bearing housing 205 is located at the same height as the coupling point between the mounting means 203 and the outer housing 204 in one horizontal plane. The outer housing 204 is fixedly coupled to the machine frame. Furthermore, the spindle shaft 202 is schematically illustrated.

  FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the spindle device 31 according to the invention. This spindle device 31 is different from the spindle device shown in FIG. 2 in the arrangement of bearings 36 and 37, but has the same configuration as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 in other points. Detailed description of these configurations will be omitted.

  The spindle 42 has a spindle upper portion similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 (not shown in detail). An electric motor is disposed below the upper portion of the spindle. The electric motor includes a rotor 34 disposed so as not to rotate relative to the spindle shaft 32 and a stator 35 coupled to the bearing housing 41 so as not to rotate relative thereto. And. An upper bearing 36 and a lower bearing 37 provided on the bearing housing 41 of the spindle 42 are located below the rotor 34 or the electric motor. The spindle bearings 36 and 37 are formed as rolling bearings and are disposed between the inner housing wall 91 and the outer housing wall 92. The bearings 36 and 37 together with the housings 91 and 92 form one quick change type (rapid exchange type) bearing unit 97. The upper end portion and the lower end portion of the bearing unit 97 may be closed via cover elements, respectively. The inner housing wall 91 forms a cylindrical hollow chamber for accommodating the spindle shaft portion 32. The bearing housing 41 is formed as a closed tubular hollow body and surrounds the electric motor and the quick change type bearing unit 97.

  The quick-change bearing unit 97 is advantageously mounted on the spindle shaft 32 in a non-rotatable but detachable manner by means of a form connection (Formschluss) and / or a friction connection (Kraftschluss). The quick-change type bearing unit 97 may be fitted on the spindle shaft portion 32 in a shape-connected manner, that is, by fitting based on the engagement, and may be prevented from slipping off by the screw coupling portion 93. The screw coupling portion 93 may have a nut fixed to the lower end portion of the spindle shaft portion 32, for example.

  In order to replace the quick exchange type or quick change type bearing unit 97, the bearing housing 41 is removed from the outer housing 21 and opened, for example, by removing the lower cover 94. Thereafter, in some cases, the screw coupling portion 93 is loosened, and the defective quick-change type bearing unit 97 is pulled out from the spindle shaft portion 32. The new quick change bearing unit 97 can then be assembled as described above.

  FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the spindle device 131 according to the present invention. This spindle device 131 is different from the spindle device 1 shown in FIG. 2 and the spindle device 32 shown in FIG. 4 in the arrangement of bearings 136 and 137, but in the other points, the implementation shown in FIG. Since it has the same configuration as the example, detailed description of these configurations will be omitted.

  The spindle 142 has a spindle upper portion (not shown). An electric motor is disposed below the upper portion of the spindle. The electric motor includes a rotor 134 that is disposed so as not to rotate relative to the spindle shaft portion 132, and a stator that is coupled to the bearing housing 141 so as not to rotate relative to the shaft. 135. An upper bearing 136 and a lower bearing 137 provided in the bearing housing 141 of the spindle 142 are located above the rotor 134 or the electric motor. The spindle bearings 136 and 137 are formed as rolling bearings and are disposed between the inner housing wall 191 and the outer housing wall 192. Both bearings 136 and 137 together with the housings 191 and 192 form one quick exchange type or quick change type bearing unit 197. The upper end portion and the lower end portion of the bearing unit 197 may be closed via cover elements, respectively. The inner housing wall 191 forms a cylindrical hollow chamber for accommodating the spindle shaft portion 132. The bearing housing 141 is formed as a closed tubular hollow body and surrounds the electric motor and the quick change type bearing unit 197.

  The quick exchange type or quick change type bearing unit 197 is attached to the spindle shaft part 132 so that it cannot be rotated relative to the spindle shaft part 132 by a form connection type (Formschluss) and / or a frictional connection type (Kraftschluss). It is advantageous. The quick change type bearing unit 197 may be fitted on the spindle shaft portion 132 by, for example, shape connection, that is, by fitting based on the engagement, and may be prevented from slipping off by the screw coupling portion.

  In order to replace the quick change type bearing unit 197, the bearing housing is opened, and the defective quick change type bearing unit 197 is pulled out from the spindle shaft portion 132. Subsequently, as described above, a new quick change type bearing unit 197 can be assembled.

  FIG. 6 further shows a limiting device 200 for limiting the axial movement of the bearing housing 141 with respect to the outer housing 121 and thus limiting the axial load of the attachment means 133. The restriction device 200 has a protrusion 123 or an annular flange disposed on the bearing housing, and the protrusion 123 or the flange is guided in a groove-shaped recess 122 provided in the outer housing 121. . The distance between the upper wall or the lower wall of the recess 122 and the protrusion 123 allows the precession without hindrance, that is, contactless precession, but in the axial direction. Then, it is adjusted so as to ensure the movement limitation in both the upward direction and the downward direction. In this way, the elastic mounting means 133 is prevented from being overloaded by the axial duffing force. The limiting device 200 is not limited to this embodiment, but can be used for other embodiments and variations.

  The spindle apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2, 5 and 6 can also be used in a funnel spinning machine (Trichterspinnmaschinen) or a loop spinning machine.

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a spindle according to the present invention having a substantially moment-free suspension that is not subject to a moment of force due to gravity; FIG. 1 is a transverse sectional view showing a first embodiment of a spindle device according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a specific embodiment of the elastic suspension of the spindle. It is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the spindle suspension. It is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the spindle suspension. It is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the spindle device according to the present invention. It is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the spindle device according to the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Spindle apparatus 2 Spindle shaft part 3 Mounting means 4 Rotor 5 Stator 6,7 Bearing 8 Cup 9 Rotation point 10 Spindle upper part 11 Bearing housing 12 Gap 13 Damping oil 14 Housing bottom part 15 Spindle rail 16 Ring rail 17 Ring 18 Ring traveler 19 Encapsulation part 21 Outer housing 22, 23 Cover 24 Housing cover 27, 28 Angle member 28a, 28b End section 29a Air 29b Suction effect 30 Spindle 31 Spindle device 32 Spindle shaft part 34 Rotor 35 Stator 36, 37 Bearing 41 Bearing housing 42 Spindle 50 Attaching means 51 Encapsulating portion 52 Steel spring member 53 Outer housing 54 Gap 55 Bearing housing 58 Spindle shaft portion 5 , 60 Pin-shaped element 61 Precession rotation point 70 Spindle device 71 Rotation axis 72 Precession rotation mass body 73 Conical surface 74 Machine frame 75 Precession rotation point 76, 77 Bearing portion 78 Electric motor 79 Suspension portion 81 Angle 83 Differential mass center of gravity 91, 92 Housing wall 93 Screw coupling portion 94 Cover 97 Bearing unit 101 Spindle device 102 Spindle shaft portion 103 Mounting means 104 Outer housing 105 Bearing housing 121 Outer housing 122 Recessed portion 123 Projection portion 131 Spindle device 132 Spindle shaft portion 133 Mounting means 134 Rotor 135 Stator 136, 137 Bearing 141 Bearing housing 142 Spindle 191, 192 Housing wall 197 Bearing unit 200 Limiting device 202 Spind Shaft portion 203 attachment means 204 the outer housing 205 Bearing housing

Claims (25)

  A spindle device (1), each comprising a spindle upper part (10) serving as a support for the spinning winding tube and an individual drive device arranged below the spindle upper part (10) The spindle (30) is provided, and the individual driving device is composed of an electric motor having a rotor (4) and a stator (5) disposed in the bearing housing (11). ) Is mounted and coupled to the spindle shaft portion (2) so as not to be relatively rotatable, and the stator (5) is directly or indirectly coupled to the bearing housing (11) so as not to be relatively rotatable. The shaft portion (2) is provided inside the bearing housing (11) or supported via an upper bearing (6) and a lower bearing (7) attached to the bearing housing (11). A spindle of the type in which the spindle (30) is directly or indirectly attached to the machine frame, in particular to the spindle rail (15) or a holding device (21) attached to the spindle rail (15) In the spinning machine provided with the device (1), the spindle (30) is movably attached to the machine frame (15) directly or indirectly by the attachment means (3) above the electric motor, And the attachment means (3) belonging to the attachment portion are formed to enable precession of the spindle (30) rotating around the conical surface (73), provided that the tip of the cone A spinning machine characterized in that the precession rotation point (9, 75) forming the shaft is located at the height of the spindle mounting portion.   The precession rotation point (9,75) is located at the same height as the precession mass centroid (83) or above the precession mass centroid (83). The spinning machine according to 1.   The upper bearing (6) is arranged above the electric motor or rotor (4) and the lower bearing (7) is arranged below the electric motor or rotor (4). Or the spinning machine according to 2.   The spinning machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the upper bearing (136) and the lower bearing (137) are arranged above the electric motor or rotor (134).   The spinning machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the upper bearing (36) and the lower bearing (37) are arranged below the electric motor or rotor (34).   The upper bearing (36; 136) and the lower bearing (37; 137) are formed as a pre-assembled construction assembly (97; 197), the construction assembly (97; 197) being fixed means The spinning machine according to claim 4 or 5, which is detachably fixed to the spindle shaft portion (32; 132) by means of a shape connection type and / or a frictional connection type as a unit via (93).   The spindle (30) is elastically attached to the machine frame (15) directly or indirectly at the same height as the upper bearing (6) or above the upper bearing (6). The spinning machine according to 1 or 6.   Spinning machine according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the attachment means comprises an elastic, in particular rubber-elastic and / or spring-elastic coupling element (3).   Spinning machine according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the spindle (30) is attached to the machine frame via one or more attachment points located in one horizontal plane.   10. A spinning machine according to claim 1, wherein the attachment means (3) comprises an elastic ring element or ring segment.   The spindle (30) is coupled to the spindle rail (15) via a holding device formed as an outer housing (21), and the bearing housing (11) of the spindle (30) is accommodated in the outer housing (21). Are preferably fitted concentrically and pivotally connected to the outer housing (21) via attachment means (3), between the outer housing (21) and the bearing housing (11), 11. Spinning machine according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a gap (12) is formed which allows precession of the spindle (30).   12. Spinning machine according to claim 1, wherein the holding device (21), in particular the outer housing, is fixedly connected to a machine frame, in particular a spindle rail (15).   The spindle (30) is connected to the outer housing (21) via mounting means (3) at the same height as the upper bearing (6) or above the upper bearing (6). The spinning machine according to 11 or 12.   14. A spinning machine according to claim 11, wherein the lower section of the outer housing (21) is closed by a housing bottom (14) to form a pot-shaped spindle housing.   The gap (12) between the bearing housing (11) and the outer housing (21) is filled with a damping medium (13) at least in the lower section. Spinning machine.   16. Spinning machine according to claim 15, wherein the damping medium (13) is a highly viscous liquid, for example damping oil.   The spindle (30) and the outer housing (21) together with the mounting means (3) form an advantageously closed component unit, which outer housing (21) is machined. 17. Spinning machine according to any one of claims 11 to 16, comprising a connection point (27) for immobilizing it on the frame (15).   The spinning machine according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the lower bearing (7) and / or the upper bearing (6) is a rolling bearing.   19. The lower bearing (7) and / or the upper bearing (6) is a hybrid bearing with a non-conductive rolling element, preferably made of a non-metallic material such as ceramics or plastic. Spinning machine.   Spinning machine according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the spindle (30) is suspended from the machine frame (15) directly or indirectly from below via attachment means (3).   21. Spinning machine according to claim 1, wherein the spindle (30) is attached to a stationary rigid component (21) of the machine frame (15).   Spinning machine according to any one of claims 17 to 21, wherein the machine frame (15) is provided with means for centering and fixing the spindle device (1) relative to the ring rail (16). .   23. A spinning machine according to claim 1, wherein limiting means (200) are provided for limiting the axial movement possibility of the spindle (142).   A spindle unit (1), each comprising a spindle upper part (10) serving as a support for a wound or twisted wound pipe, and an individual drive device arranged below the spindle upper part (10) The individual drive device comprises an electric motor with a rotor (4) and a stator (5) arranged in a bearing housing (11), The rotor (4) is mounted and coupled to the spindle shaft portion (2) so as not to be relatively rotatable, and the stator (5) is directly or indirectly coupled to the bearing housing (11) so as not to be relatively rotatable. The spindle shaft portion (2) is provided inside the bearing housing (11), or the upper bearing (6) and the lower bearing ( In particular, the spindle unit (1) used in the spinning machine according to claim 1, wherein the spindle unit (1) has a holding device (21), The spindle (30) is movably coupled to the holding device (21) by the mounting means (3) above the electric motor, and the coupling portion and the mounting means (3) belonging to the coupling portion are the holding device. The spindle (30) arranged inside (21) or attached to the holding device (21) is configured to allow precession rotating around a conical surface (73); However, the precession rotation point (9, 75) forming the cone tip is located at the height of the spindle mounting portion.   A spindle device (1), each comprising a spindle upper part (10) serving as a support for the spinning winding tube and an individual drive device arranged below the spindle upper part (10) The spindle (30) is provided, and the individual driving device is composed of an electric motor having a rotor (4) and a stator (5) disposed in the bearing housing (11). ) Is mounted and coupled to the spindle shaft portion (2) so as not to be relatively rotatable, and the stator (5) is directly or indirectly coupled to the bearing housing (11) so as not to be relatively rotatable. The shaft portion (2) is mounted inside the bearing housing (11) or is supported via bearings (6, 7) attached to the bearing housing (11). A ring rail (16) and a spindle with at least one spindle device (1) of the type 0) attached directly or indirectly to a holding device (21) attached to the spindle rail (15) In a ring spinning machine having a rail (15), a capsule enclosure (19) corresponds to the spindle device (1), and the capsule enclosure (19) is fixed to the lower side of the ring rail (16). The ring spinning machine is characterized in that the encapsulating portion (19) surrounds the spindle device below the current cup yarn winding portion.

Images