JP2008111214A - Antipilling fiber reversibly changing air permeability - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an antipilling woven fabric reversibly changing air permeability, having excellent antipilling properties, and rapidly and reversibly changing the air-permeability by the change of humidity and water content. <P>SOLUTION: The woven or knitted fabric reversibly changing the air permeability includes 30 mass% or more of a swelling acrylic conjugate fiber satisfying the following conditions (1), (2) and (3): (1) a side-by-side conjugate fiber comprising (A) an acrylic polymer component having high swelling degree and (B) an acrylic polymer component having a low swelling degree in a mass ratio of (20:80) to (80:20); (2) a tensile strength equal to or more than 2.0 cN/dtex; and (3) the product of a value of a knot strength (cN/dtex) and a value of knot elongation (%) not smaller than 25 and not larger than 40. The woven or knitted fabric reversibly changes the woven density of a woven texture or the knitted density of a knitted texture in a water-swelled case and in a not-swelled case, and the difference of the air permeabilities of the woven or knitted fabric between the equilibrium conditions at 65 mass% and 10 mass% humidities at 25°C is equal to or more than 10%. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

    The present technology relates to a knitted or knitted fabric that has a reversible change in air permeability and moisture resistance and has anti-pill properties.

  Many functional materials have been developed in the past, and for functional products, development that combines fiber materials, fabric structures, functional post-processing, etc. has been actively promoted in order to develop even higher functionality. Yes. In recent years, proposals for new functional materials have evolved in the form of compounding and higher order, and in the apparel, many so-called dynamic functional proposals have been made in which functionality changes according to changes in the wearing environment. For example, a heat storage material or the like pursuing improvement in heat retention according to the amount of absorbed light energy is an example.

  However, fashion trends and consumer needs in recent years have become extremely diversified and sophisticated, and in order to provide functional materials in line with consumer demands, further improvements in texture and specialized functionality are required. A proposal is needed. One of the specialized functions is a function of adjusting the climate in the clothes, and so-called breathing clothes are desired. The breathability of clothes changes reversibly in response to dynamic changes in the temperature, humidity, moisture, etc. in the clothes, and the temperature and humidity in the clothes are controlled to always adjust to a comfortable state.

Development of products using fiber materials that reversibly change depending on temperature, humidity, and moisture is desirable for such breathing clothes. Natural fibers such as cotton and wool have properties that change reversibly according to moisture and moisture, but the material has strong water retention, so the change between drying and water retention is not rapid, and the air permeability in clothes Change is slow and the difference is small. On the other hand, there has been proposed a woven or knitted fabric in which the air permeability changes with a synthetic fiber using a material whose crimp rate changes according to humidity. For example, there is a proposal using an acetate fiber (see Patent Document 1). However, the combination of the characteristics of the fiber material and the characteristics of the woven or knitted fabric is important in order for the breathability of the clothes to respond quickly to changes during drying and water retention, and in this respect it cannot be said to be a sufficient proposal. Furthermore, with regard to acetate fibers, an alkaline post-treatment process is an essential requirement, and since the fiber strength is weak, it is inferior in friction resistance when it is made into a woven or knitted fabric. There was a demand for excellent woven and knitted fabrics.
Further, there is a proposal using a composite fiber of modified polyethylene terephthalate and nylon (refer to Patent Document 2), but it has been technically difficult to impart anti-pill performance necessary for clothing materials due to fiber characteristics.

JP 2002-180323 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-41462

  The object of the present invention is to solve such problems in the prior art, have anti-pill properties, and change air permeability rapidly and reversibly in response to changes in moisture and moisture. It is to provide a breathable reversible knitted fabric.

The gist of the present invention is a woven or knitted fabric containing 30% by mass or more of a swellable acrylic composite fiber satisfying the following (1), (2) and (3), and the woven density of the woven structure or the knitted density of the knitted structure However, it changes reversibly between water swelling and non-swelling, and the moisture content at 25 ° C. of the woven or knitted fabric is 10% or more when the difference in air permeability between equilibrium at 10 mass% and equilibrium at 10 mass% is 10% or more. To provide knitting.
(1) A side-by-side composite fiber in which the high swelling acrylic polymer component (A) and the low swelling acrylic polymer component (B) are in a mass ratio of 20:80 to 80:20.
(2) Tensile strength is 2.0 cN / dtex or more.
(3) The product of the value of nodule strength (cN / dtex) and the value of nodule elongation (%) is 25 or more and 40 or less.

  The present invention relates to a swellable acrylic composite composed of acrylic polymer components having different swellability as a material whose fiber form and length are reversibly changed during moisture absorption, water absorption and drying in a fiber material. It is a woven or knitted fabric that uses fibers, has anti-pill properties that are essential for clothing materials, and can reversibly adjust the weather in clothing by changing the state of moisture absorption, water absorption and drying, In addition, the present invention provides a breathable reversible woven or knitted fabric having a good texture. The woven or knitted fabric having excellent performance according to the present invention is particularly suitable for sports and innerwear as a material that controls the temperature and humidity in clothes and always maintains a comfortable state. It is suitable for products and the like.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The high swelling acrylic polymer component (A) used in the present invention comprises 85% by mass or more of acrylonitrile units, 2 to 8% by mass of unsaturated monomer units copolymerizable with acrylonitrile, and a hydrophilic comonomer. An acrylonitrile-based copolymer comprising 2 to 5% by mass of a unit, and the degree of swelling of a fiber obtained by spinning with a high-swelling acrylic polymer component (A) alone under the conditions described later is 5% or more. Say things. On the other hand, the low swelling acrylic polymer component (B) is 90% by mass or more of acrylonitrile units, 4-9% by mass of acrylonitrile copolymerizable unsaturated monomer units, and 0-1 of hydrophilic comonomer units. It is an acrylonitrile-based copolymer composed of mass% and has a fiber swelling degree of less than 1% obtained by spinning with a low swelling degree acrylic polymer component (B) alone under the conditions described later.

  In the high swelling degree acrylic polymer component (A), if the hydrophilic comonomer unit is less than 2% by mass, the degree of swelling of the fiber obtained by spinning alone is less than 5%, which is not preferable. If it exceeds 5 mass%, the product of the value of knot strength (cN / dtex) and the value of knot elongation (%) exceeds 40, and the anti-pill property of the resulting woven or knitted fabric is undesirably reduced. On the other hand, when the hydrophilic comonomer unit exceeds 1% by mass in the low swelling acrylic polymer component (B), the swelling degree of the fiber obtained from the low swelling acrylic polymer component (B) alone and the high swelling acrylic In order to make the difference from the swelling degree of the fiber obtained from the single polymer component (A) alone 2% or more, the content of the hydrophilic comonomer unit in the high swelling acrylic polymer component (A) is 5% by mass. It is necessary to increase the amount, which is not preferable for the reason described above.

  Here, the unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with acrylonitrile is not particularly limited. For example, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and derivatives thereof, vinyl acetate, acrylamide, methacrylamide, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinylbenzenesulfone. Acid soda, methacrylsulfonic acid soda, acrylamidomethylsulfonic acid soda, and the like can be used. The hydrophilic comonomer is a monomer having a hydrophilic functional group copolymerizable with acrylonitrile, and examples thereof include vinylbenzene sulfonic acid soda, methacrylic sulfonic acid soda, and acrylamidomethyl sulfonic acid soda. The degree of polymerization of the highly swollen acrylic polymer component (A) and the highly swollen acrylic polymer component (B) is its specific viscosity (0.5 g of polymer is dissolved in 100 ml of dimethylformamide and measured at 30 ° C.). Is preferably in the range of 0.12 to 0.21.

The measurement of the swelling degree which consists of a high swelling degree acrylic polymer component (A) single-piece | unit or a low swelling degree acrylic polymer component (B) single piece is described below. A single acrylic polymer is dissolved in dimethylacetamide to form a spinning stock solution having a solid content of 25% by mass. Fibers spun under spinning conditions of 50% by mass and 40 ° C. are heated to 3.5% in hot water. Stretched twice, applied oil, dried and crimped by ordinary methods, then relaxed in pressurized steam of 1.5 Psi, then in a dry heat atmosphere at 115 ° C. at 1.15 times A stretching process is performed, crimping is performed, and the mixture is allowed to cool to room temperature to obtain a 3d acrylic fiber. Next, with respect to the obtained fiber, a weight of 0.4 mg / dtex was attached to the fiber end, the fiber length when the other end was fixed and suspended was set to L1, the load of the fiber was removed, and 30 ° C. After being immersed in water for 1 hour, the moisture is wiped off, a 0.4 mg / dtex weight is attached to the end of the fiber, and the fiber length when suspended with the other end fixed is defined as L2 and swelled according to the following formula The degree was calculated. The average value of the degree of swelling obtained by repeating this measurement five times was taken as the degree of swelling of the polymer component alone.
Swelling degree = (L2-L1) / L1 × 100

  The swellable acrylic composite fiber according to the present invention has a degree of swelling of the fiber due to the above-mentioned high swelling degree acrylic polymer component (A) alone and a degree of swelling of the fiber made of the low swelling degree acrylic polymer component (B) alone. The polymer components are combined so that the difference is 2 to 9%, and the high swelling acrylic polymer component (A) and the low swelling acrylic polymer component (B) are 20:80 to 80:20 in mass ratio. It is obtained by performing composite spinning side by side so that The swelling obtained when the difference between the swelling degree of the fiber due to the high-swelling degree acrylic polymer component (A) alone and the swelling degree of the fiber consisting of the low-swelling degree acrylic polymer component (B) alone is less than 2% As a result, the moisture change at 25 ° C. of the woven or knitted fabric is less than 10% when the moisture content at 65 ° C. equilibrium is less than 10%. Undesirably, if it exceeds 9%, abnormal crimp occurs and the texture is remarkably lowered, which is not preferable. Moreover, when the mass ratio of the high swelling degree acrylic polymer component (A) and the low swelling degree acrylic polymer component (B) is not in the range of 20:80 to 80:20, the swelling acrylic composite fiber is irregular. This is not preferable because the crimps tend to deteriorate and the texture tends to deteriorate.

  The swellable acrylic composite fiber according to the present invention has a tensile strength of 2.0 cN / dtex or more and a product of a value of knot strength (cN / dtex) and a value of knot elongation (%) of 25 or more and 40 or less. It is necessary to be. If the tensile strength is less than 2.0 cN / dtex, it tends to cause frequent fly during spinning, which is not preferable. In addition, if the product of the value of knot strength (cN / dtex) and the value of knot elongation (%) is less than 25, when the swellable acrylic composite fiber is spun, the fly tends to occur frequently. A woven or knitted fabric containing 30% by mass or more of a swellable acrylic composite fiber has a moisture content at 25 ° C. of less than 10% because the difference in air permeability between 65% by mass and 10% by mass is not preferable. If the product of the value of strength (cN / dtex) and the value of nodule elongation (%) exceeds 40, the anti-pill property tends to decrease, which is not preferable.

  The breathable reversible woven or knitted fabric of the present invention needs to contain 30% by mass or more of the above swellable acrylic composite fiber. When the content of the swellable acrylic composite fiber is less than 30% by mass, the moisture content at 25 ° C. of the obtained woven or knitted fabric is less than 10% in air permeability difference between 65% by mass and 10% by mass in equilibrium. This is not preferable. Further, the fiber used other than the swellable acrylic composite fiber in the breathable reversible woven or knitted fabric is not limited as long as it is a fiber having anti-pill property, but a normal anti-pill acrylic fiber is preferably used. it can.

  The method for producing the swellable acrylic composite fiber used in the present invention is performed in the same manner as the method for producing a normal side-by-side acrylic composite fiber. The polymer spinning dope is prepared by combining the high swelling acrylic polymer component (A) and the low swelling acrylic polymer component (B) with a usual solvent of an acrylonitrile polymer, preferably an organic solvent such as dimethylacetamide, dimethyl The viscosity when dissolved in formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide or the like and measured at 50 ° C. is 50 to 100 poise (JIS Z8803 falling ball viscosity method measuring temperature 50 ° C.). If it is less than 50 poise, the tensile strength is less than 2.0 cN / dtex and the pill property is good, but problems such as the occurrence of fly occur during spinning. On the other hand, if it exceeds 100 poise, it is difficult to make the product of the value of knot strength (cN / dtex) and the value of knot elongation (%) 40 or less, which is not preferable. Furthermore, it is more preferable to set it as 80-100 poise in the point of the balance between the water swelling of the anti-pill property expression and the swellable acrylic composite fiber and the crimp development property when not swollen. After spinning in a coagulation bath side-by-side in a spinning stock solution of the high-swelling acrylic polymer component (A) alone and a spinning stock solution of the low-swelling acrylic polymer component (B) alone, obtained at 60 ° C. or higher. The first stretching process is performed in the hot water. The stretching ratio in the first stretching process is preferably 3.5 to 5.0 times. If the draw ratio is less than 3.5 times, the tensile strength is less than 2.0 cN / dtex, which is not preferable. If it exceeds 5.0 times, the value of knot strength (cN / dtex) and the knot elongation (%) Since the product with the value exceeds 40, it is not preferable. After the first stretching process, a relaxation relaxation process is performed after applying an oil agent and performing a drying process. In addition, the drying treatment and relaxation relaxation treatment are the heat treatment used in the production of the conventional acrylic fiber and the drying treatment by the net process and the relaxation treatment methods such as dry heat relaxation treatment, hot plate relaxation, steam relaxation, alone or in combination. It can be carried out. Furthermore, the fiber after the relaxation relaxation treatment is subjected to secondary stretching treatment at 1.15 to 1.25 times in an atmosphere having a wet heat temperature of 120 ° C. to 140 ° C. or a dry heat temperature of 180 ° C. to 200 ° C., The stretching relaxation treatment is performed at the same time as the crimps generated during the relaxation relaxation treatment are removed. If the wet heat temperature is less than 120 ° C, the dry heat temperature is less than 180 ° C, or the draw ratio is less than 1.15 times, the tensile strength is less than 2.0 cN / dtex, which is not preferable, and the wet heat temperature exceeds 140 ° C. When the dry heat temperature exceeds 200 ° C., or when the draw ratio exceeds 1.15 times, the product of the nodule strength (cN / dtex) and the nodule elongation (%) is 40. Since it exceeds, it is not preferable. Thereafter, mechanical crimping is applied for spinning processability.

  The breathable reversible woven or knitted fabric of the present invention uses the spun yarn composed of the swellable acrylic composite fiber or the blended yarn composed of the swellable acrylic composite fiber and other fibers, and the swellability in the woven or knitted fabric. Weaving or knitting is performed so that the acrylic composite fiber is contained in an amount of 30% by mass or more. The woven or knitted fabric thus obtained has a reversible change in the woven or knitted structure during water swelling and non-swelling, and the air permeability and moisture when the moisture content of the woven or knitted fabric at 25 ° C. is 65 mass% equilibrium. It is possible to set the air permeability difference at a rate of 10 mass% equilibrium to 10% or more.

  The breathable reversible woven or knitted fabric of the present invention can effectively utilize the swellable acrylic composite fiber depending on the yarn configuration and the woven / knitted structure of the breathable reversible knitted fabric. If the difference in air permeability between moisture absorption, water absorption and drying is obtained, the degree of freedom of the yarn constituting the woven or knitted fabric and the space portion may be utilized. That is, one of the most suitable forms is a knitted fabric formed by a loop having a coarse density. However, it can be determined in consideration of practicality such as price, air permeability change effect, form stability, durability, and effective utilization of the composite fiber.

  When the breathable reversible knitted or knitted fabric of the present invention is used for a textile product, it is most preferable to use it for a site on the skin side. The breathable reversible woven or knitted fabric of the present invention absorbs moisture and sweat generated from the skin side and is suitable for comfort fiber products such as sports and inner products due to changes in air permeability. In such a textile product, it is most preferable to use 100% of a breathable reversible woven or knitted fabric, but it may be a partially used product such as limited use on a part where the body is sweated, such as a side of a human body.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples. In addition, the measurement of each characteristic value is
The following method was followed.
(Air permeability)
In an environment variable room of 20 ° C. and 65% RH, according to JIS L1018 general knitting test method (Fragile type test), measured with TEXTEST, a permeability tester FX3300, 25 ° C., moisture content of woven or knitted fabric Air permeability (P) (cm ³ / cm ² / sec) at 65% by mass, air permeability (Q) at 25 ° C. and moisture content of 10% by mass after drying the woven or knitted fabric (cm ³ / cm ²⁾ / sec). In addition, in order to confirm reversibility when the woven or knitted fabric is dried and then dried again, the air permeability when wetted to 25 ° C. and a moisture content of 65% by mass is the same as the measurement of the air permeability (P). The air permeability (P1) (cm ³ / cm ² / sec) was used.
Air permeability difference = ((P) − (Q)) / (P) × 100
○: Air permeability difference is 10% or more ×: Air permeability difference is less than 10% (texture)
Ten judges judged whether the surface of the fiber was soft or good from the feel when the fiber surface was touched by hand.
○: All judges judged good
×: 4 or more of the judges judged to be defective

(Dyeing property)
Visual evaluation was performed by 10 judges, and the presence or absence of stained spots was judged as either good or bad.
○: All judges judged good
×: 4 or more of the judges judged to be defective

(Anti-pill property)
The test was carried out by Method A (60 rpm, 5 hours later) according to the ICI type test method, and classified into 1 to 5 grades according to the change in the appearance of the woven or knitted fabric.
○: 3.5 or higher by ICI test method ×: Less than 3.5 by ICI test method (overall evaluation)
In the evaluation results of air permeability, texture, dyeability, and anti-pilling property, ○ was 1 point and X was 0 point, and the total of the points was shown.

(Examples 1-7, Comparative Examples 1-17)
Two types of polymers having the compositions shown in Table 1 were dissolved in dimethylacetamide (DMAc) so as to have a solid content concentration of 24% by mass to prepare a spinning dope. Using the obtained spinning solution, a composite spinning circular die was used so as to have a fineness of 2.2, and a side-by-side type was discharged and solidified in a solvent-water wet spinning bath, and then first stretched in hot water. A post-oil agent was adhered, dried with a dry heat roller at 150 ° C., and then crimped. Subsequently, after performing relaxation treatment under steam, the film was cut to a length of 51 mm after being subjected to secondary stretching and crimping. The spun yarn was processed to 1/68 and further dyed with boiling water at 100 ° C. for 60 minutes using 2% owf of the dye Catillon Blue CDRLH (Hodogaya Chemical). The dyed yarn was made into a tubular knitted fabric at 100% to evaluate the air permeability and the anti-pill property. It has been found that the knitted fabric according to the present invention is excellent in air permeability difference between water swelling and non-swelling, its reversibility and anti-pilling property.

Table 1

Table 2

(Examples 1, 8-9, Comparative Examples 17-18)
The spun yarns of Example 1 and Comparative Example 17 were blended at a mass ratio shown in Table 3 and tailored into a tubular knitted fabric, and the air permeability and anti-pill property were evaluated. It has been found that the knitted fabric according to the present invention is excellent in air permeability difference between water swelling and non-swelling, its reversibility and anti-pilling property.

Table 3

Claims (2)

A woven or knitted fabric containing 30% by mass or more of a swellable acrylic composite fiber satisfying the following (1), (2) and (3), wherein the woven density of the woven structure or the knitted density of the knitted structure is A breathable reversible woven or knitted fabric that reversibly changes when not swelled, and the moisture content at 25 ° C. of the woven or knitted fabric is 10% or more in air permeability difference between the equilibrium at 65 mass% and the equilibrium at 10 mass%.
(1) A side-by-side composite fiber in which the high swelling acrylic polymer component (A) and the low swelling acrylic polymer component (B) are in a mass ratio of 20:80 to 80:20.
(2) Tensile strength is 2.0 cN / dtex or more.
(3) The product of the value of nodule strength (cN / dtex) and the value of nodule elongation (%) is 25 or more and 40 or less. The swelling acrylic composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the swelling degree of the fiber due to the high swelling degree acrylic polymer component (A) alone and the swelling degree of the fiber made of the low swelling degree acrylic polymer component (B) alone Breathable reversible woven or knitted fabric, which is a swellable acrylic composite fiber obtained by combining side-by-side with a combination of polymer components such that the difference is 2 to 9%.