JP2008107472A - Display body and printed matter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a forgery prevention technique achieving higher forgery prevention effects. <P>SOLUTION: The display body 1 has a diffraction grating area 2 where a relief diffraction grating is formed, and a layer including protrusions and/or recesses linearly formed in the same direction and light scattering areas 20a, 20b formed in another direction on the main surface. The light scattering areas 20a, 20b have images different from each other. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a display body and a printed matter including the display body. In particular, the present invention relates to a display body that is used for preventing counterfeiting of various cards, securities, and various brand products, and displays an image using a diffraction grating pattern, a hologram, or the like, and a printed matter including the display.

  A pattern for displaying an image by light scattering (hereinafter referred to as a light scattering pattern) is usually formed by performing uneven processing on the surface of a substrate. As this uneven | corrugated processing method, the method of etching a base material, the method of roughening the surface part of a base material with a chemical | medical agent, the method of forming an unevenness | corrugation on the base material surface with an electron beam (EB) drawing apparatus etc. are mentioned, for example.

  Among these methods, in the method using etching and the method using chemicals, the density of the concave portion and / or the convex portion is set between a certain minute region on the surface where the concave portion and / or the convex portion are to be formed and another minute region. It is difficult to change. Therefore, it is difficult to vary the degree of scattering in these regions by controlling the density of the concave portions and / or convex portions. On the other hand, when the EB drawing apparatus is used, the density and shape of the concave portions and / or convex portions formed in the minute region can be arbitrarily controlled.

  Patent Document 1 describes a display body in which a diffraction grating pattern and a light scattering pattern are formed on the same surface using an EB drawing apparatus. This display has the following effects.

(A) Since the display is not based on only diffracted light, there are few restrictions on the observation conditions.
(B) Since scattered light is also used for display, it is not an image expression that gives a brilliant impression.
(C) Since both the diffraction grating pattern and the light scattering pattern are constituted by concave portions and / or convex portions, the patterns can be formed by embossing, and alignment of these patterns is not necessary.

However, a relief type diffraction grating can be formed relatively easily if there is equipment such as a laser. Further, the visual effect of the light scattering pattern included in the previous display body can be obtained, for example, by a printed layer containing transparent particles and a transparent resin having a different refractive index. Therefore, it cannot be said that the anti-counterfeit effect of the display body is necessarily sufficient.
JP-A-5-273500

  An object of the present invention is to realize an anti-counterfeit technology that achieves a higher anti-counterfeit effect.

  According to a first invention for solving the above-described problem, a diffraction grating region in which a relief-type diffraction grating is formed, and a plurality of linear convex portions and / or concave portions in which directions are aligned are formed in each of the above-mentioned items. A display body comprising a layer including a plurality of light scattering regions having different directions on one main surface, wherein the plurality of light scattering regions form images different from each other.

  According to a second aspect of the invention, each of the diffraction grating region and the light scattering region includes a plurality of cells, and displays an image in which the plurality of cells are pixels. It is a display body of invention.

  Further, in the third invention, the plurality of cells constituting the diffraction grating region include a spatial frequency, an orientation, and a depth or height of a groove forming the diffraction grating, and the cell with respect to the cell. At least one of the area ratios of the diffraction grating includes cells different from each other, and the plurality of cells constituting the light scattering region include the density, size, shape, and depth or height of the protrusions and / or recesses. In addition, the display body according to the second aspect of the present invention includes a cell in which at least one of an area ratio of a portion where the convex portion and / or the concave portion is formed with respect to the cell is different from each other.

  According to a fourth aspect of the invention, the plurality of linear convex portions and / or concave portions are randomly arranged in at least one of the light scattering regions. Any one display body.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the at least one light scattering region, the plurality of linear convex portions and / or concave portions have the same length and width. Any one display body.

  The sixth invention is characterized in that the plurality of cells constituting the light scattering region include cells having different lengths and / or widths of the plurality of convex portions and / or concave portions. It is a display body of 2nd or 3rd invention.

  The seventh invention is the display body according to any one of the first to sixth inventions, wherein the plurality of convex portions and / or concave portions are formed at an average interval of 10 μm or less. .

  The eighth invention is the display body according to any one of the first to seventh inventions, wherein the plurality of light scattering regions include two light scattering regions whose directions are orthogonal to each other. .

  The ninth invention is characterized in that the layer further includes a region in which a plurality of convex portions and / or concave portions having a planar shape of a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon are formed on the main surface. The display body according to any one of the first to eighth aspects of the invention.

  The tenth invention further includes a reflective film or a semi-transmissive reflective film covering the main surface, and the layer is made of a light transmissive material, and any one of the first to ninth inventions is characterized. It is one display body.

  The eleventh invention is a printed matter comprising any one of the display bodies according to the first to tenth inventions, and a printed substrate that supports the display body. .

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the forgery prevention technique which achieves a higher forgery prevention effect is realizable.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In each figure, the same reference numerals are given to components that exhibit the same or similar functions, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing a display body according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of the display shown in FIG.

  The display body 1 includes a layer 2. The layer 2 includes, for example, a light transmissive material layer 50 and a reflective material layer 51. As shown in FIG. 2, an adhesive layer 52 may be provided on the surface of the reflective material layer 51 opposite to the light transmissive material layer 50. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the light transmissive material layer 50 side is the front side, and the adhesive layer 52 side is the back side.

  The reflective material layer 51 covers the back surface of the light transmissive material layer 50. An uneven structure is provided at the interface between the light transmissive material layer 50 and the reflective material layer 51. This uneven structure will be described later. The adhesive layer 52 is formed on the reflective material layer 51.

  For example, the light transmissive material layer 50 serves as a base of the reflective material layer 51. Further, the light transmissive material layer 50 protects the concavo-convex structure from dirt and scratches on the surface, and thereby plays a role of maintaining the visual effect of the display body 1 over a long period of time. Furthermore, the light-transmitting material layer 50 makes it difficult to replicate by not exposing the concavo-convex structure. One of the light transmissive material layer 50 and the reflective material layer 51 may be omitted.

  As a material of the light transmissive material layer 50, a thermoplastic resin, an ultraviolet curable resin, or the like is suitable for forming a concavo-convex structure by transfer using an original plate. When embossing is used, a precise mass-produced replicated product can be easily obtained by forming a concavo-convex structure corresponding to the diffraction grating region 10 and the light scattering regions 20a and 20b described later on the original plate with high accuracy.

  The permeable material layer 50 may have a structure of two or more layers in consideration of the surface strength and the ease of forming the uneven structure. Further, when a metal is used as the material of the reflective material layer 51, in order to change the metallic luster color derived therefrom to a color different from this, a dye or the like is mixed into the transmissive material layer 50, and a specific wavelength is added to this dye. It is also possible to absorb the light.

  The reflective material layer 51 plays a role of increasing the reflectance of the interface provided with the concavo-convex structure. As a material of the reflective material layer 51, for example, a metal material such as Al or Ag can be used. The material of the reflective material layer 51 may be a transparent material having a refractive index different from that of the light transmissive material layer 50 such as a dielectric material. The reflective material layer 51 is not limited to a single layer, and may be a multilayer film.

  The adhesive layer 52 is provided to attach the display body 1 to an article to be prevented from forgery. The adhesive layer 52 may have a structure of two or more layers in consideration of the adhesive strength between the display body 1 and an article to be prevented from forgery and the smoothness of the adhesive surface.

  In FIG. 2, a configuration in which the display body 1 is observed from the light transmissive material layer 50 side is illustrated, but a configuration in which the display body 1 is observed from the reflective material layer 51 side can also be employed.

Next, the uneven structure formed in the layer 2 will be described.
The layer 2 includes a diffraction grating region 10, a first light scattering region 20 a, a second light scattering region 20 b, and a region 30.

  In the diffraction grating region 10, a diffraction grating pattern composed of a relief type diffraction grating is formed at the interface between the light transmissive material layer 50 and the reflective material layer 51. For example, the diffraction grating is formed by arranging a plurality of grooves. The term “diffraction grating” means a structure that generates a diffracted wave when illuminated with illumination light. For example, in addition to a normal diffraction grating in which a plurality of grooves are arranged in parallel and at equal intervals, interference recorded in a hologram Including stripes. Further, the groove or the portion sandwiched between the grooves is referred to as a “lattice line”.

  The depth of the groove constituting the diffraction grating is, for example, in the range of 0.1 to 1 μm. Further, the grating constant of the diffraction grating is, for example, in the range of 0.5 to 2 μm.

  In each of the light scattering regions 20a and 20b, a plurality of linear convex portions and / or concave portions having the same direction are formed at the interface between the light transmissive material layer 50 and the reflective material layer 51. And the direction of a linear convex part and / or a recessed part differs mutually in the area | region 20a and the area | region 20b.

  When the region 20a or 20b is illuminated from the normal direction of the region, this region emits scattered light in the widest emission angle range in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the linear convex portion and / or the concave portion, Scattered light is emitted within the narrowest exit angle range in a plane that is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the linear convex portion and / or concave portion and perpendicular to the main surface of the previous region. Hereinafter, the size of the angle range in which the light scattering region emits scattered light having a certain intensity or more is expressed by the term “light scattering ability”. For example, when the term “light scattering ability” is used, the optical characteristics described above are as follows: “Each of the regions 20a and 20b exhibits a minimum light scattering ability in the longitudinal direction of the linear protrusion and / or recess. It shows the maximum light scattering ability in the direction perpendicular to “. Further, a property in which there is a sufficient difference between the maximum light scattering ability and the minimum light scattering ability is referred to as “light scattering ability anisotropy”.

  The length of the linear convex part and / or the concave part is, for example, 10 μm or more. Moreover, the width | variety of these convex part and / or a recessed part shall be in the range of 0.1-10 micrometers, for example. And the height or depth of these convex part and / or a recessed part shall be in the range of 0.1-10 micrometers, for example.

  In the region 30, an uneven structure is not formed at the interface between the light transmissive material layer 50 and the reflective material layer 51. That is, in the region 30, the interface between the light transmissive material layer 50 and the reflective material layer 51 is a flat surface.

  The layer 2 can be composed of a plurality of segments respectively corresponding to the regions 10, 20 a, 20 b and 30, for example. Alternatively, the layer 2 is composed of, for example, a large number of cells arranged in a matrix, the diffraction grating region 10 is composed of a part of these cells, and the region 20a is composed of the other part of these cells. Furthermore, the region 20b may be configured by another part, and the region 30 may be configured by the remaining cells. When the layer 2 is composed of a plurality of cells, an image can be displayed using each of these cells as a pixel. Hereinafter, the cells constituting the diffraction grating region 10 are referred to as “diffraction grating cells”, and the cells constituting the regions 20a and 20b are referred to as “light scattering cells”.

  When the layer 2 is composed of a plurality of types of cells, it is easy to predict an image obtained by rearranging the cells if the visual effect of each cell is known. Therefore, the cell to be used in each pixel can be easily determined from the digital image data. Therefore, in this case, the display body 1 can be easily designed.

In order to make the visual effect different from segment to segment or from pixel to pixel, the items described below can be used.
First, the visual effect obtained in the diffraction grating region 10 will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a relationship between illumination light incident on the diffraction grating and diffracted light emitted from the diffraction grating.

  When the illumination light 71 is incident on the diffraction grating 11 at an incident angle α ′ from a direction perpendicular to the grating line, the diffraction grating 11 emits first-order diffracted light 73 that is representative diffracted light at an emission angle β. The reflection angle or exit angle α of the specularly reflected light (0th order diffracted light) 72 by the diffraction grating 11 has the same absolute value as the incident angle α ′ and is symmetric with respect to the normal (α and β are clockwise in the positive direction). And). The angle α and the angle β satisfy the relationship represented by the following formula (1), where d (nm) is the grating constant of the diffraction grating 11 and λ (nm) is the wavelength of the illumination light 71.

d = λ / (sin α−sin β) (1)
As can be seen from the above equation (1), when white light is incident, the exit angle of the first-order diffracted light varies depending on the wavelength. That is, the diffraction grating 11 has a spectral action, and the color of the diffraction grating region 10 changes to seven colors by changing the observation position.

In addition, the color perceived by the observer under a certain observation condition changes according to the lattice constant d.
For example, it is assumed that the diffraction grating 11 emits the first-order diffracted light 73 in a direction perpendicular to the grating surface. That is, it is assumed that the emission angle β of the first-order diffracted light 73 is 0 °. In this case, if the incident angle of the illumination light 71 and the exit angle of the 0th-order diffracted light 72 are α _N , the equation (1) is simplified as follows.

d = λ / sin α _N (2)
As apparent from the equation (2), in order to make the observer perceive a certain color, the wavelength λ corresponding to the color, the incident angle α _N of the illumination light 71 and the lattice constant d are expressed by the equation (2). It is sufficient to set so as to satisfy the relationship shown in For example, white light having a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm is illumination light 71, the incident angle α _N of illumination light 71 is 45 °, and the spatial frequency of the diffraction grating, that is, the reciprocal of the lattice constant, is 1800 to 1000 lines / mm. When a diffraction grating distributed within the range is used, a portion where the spatial frequency is about 1600 lines / mm looks blue, and a portion where the spatial frequency is about 1100 lines / mm looks red. Therefore, the display colors can be made different by making the spatial frequency of the diffraction grating different between segments or cells.

  Note that the diffraction grating is easier to form when the spatial frequency is smaller. Therefore, in many of the normal diffraction gratings used for the display body, the spatial frequency is set to 500 to 1600 lines / mm.

  In the above description, it is assumed that the illumination light 71 is incident on the diffraction grating 11 from a direction perpendicular to the grating line. From this state, when the diffraction grating 11 is rotated around its normal line while keeping the observation direction constant, the effective value of the grating constant d changes according to the rotation angle. As a result, the color perceived by the observer changes. When this rotation angle becomes sufficiently large, the observer cannot perceive diffracted light in the previous observation direction. Therefore, the display colors can be made different by making the orientations of the grid lines different between the segments or the cells.

  Further, when the depth of the groove constituting the diffraction grating 11 is increased, the diffraction efficiency changes. And if the area ratio of the diffraction grating with respect to a segment or a cell is enlarged, the intensity | strength of diffracted light will become larger.

  Therefore, if the spatial frequency and / or orientation of the diffraction grating is varied between segments or cells, different colors can be displayed on the segments or cells, and observable conditions can be set. When at least one of the depth of the groove forming the diffraction grating 11 and the area ratio of the diffraction grating 11 to the segment or cell is made different between segments or cells, the luminance of the segment or cell is made different. Can do. Therefore, by using these, it is possible to display images such as full-color images and stereoscopic images.

  Next, the visual effect obtained in the light scattering regions 20a and 20b will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 4 is a plan view schematically showing an example of the light scattering region.
The light scattering region 20 shown in FIG. 4 includes a plurality of light scattering structures 25. These light scattering structures 25 are a plurality of convex portions and / or concave portions, each of which is linear and whose direction is aligned within each light scattering region 20. That is, in each light scattering region 20, the light scattering structures 25 are arranged substantially in parallel.

  In each light scattering region 20, the light scattering structures 25 may not be arranged completely in parallel. As long as the light scattering region 20 has sufficient light scattering ability anisotropy, in the light scattering region 20, for example, the longitudinal direction of some of the light scattering structures 25 and the other part of the light scattering structures 25. The longitudinal direction may intersect. Hereinafter, among the directions parallel to the main surface of the light scattering region 20, a direction in which the light scattering region 20 exhibits the minimum light scattering ability is referred to as an “orientation direction”, and the direction in which the light scattering region 20 exhibits the maximum light scattering ability. Is called the “light scattering axis”.

  In the light scattering region 20 shown in FIG. 4, the direction indicated by the arrow 26 is the orientation direction, and the direction indicated by the arrow 27 is the light scattering axis. For example, when the light scattering region 20 is illuminated from an oblique direction perpendicular to the orientation direction 26 and the light scattering region 20 is observed from the front, the light scattering region 20 looks relatively bright due to its high light scattering ability. . On the other hand, when the light scattering region 20 is illuminated from an oblique direction perpendicular to the light scattering axis 27 and the light scattering region 20 is observed from the front, the light scattering region 20 is relatively dark due to its low light scattering ability. appear.

  As is clear from this, for example, when the light scattering region 20 is illuminated from an oblique direction and observed from the front, the brightness changes when the light scattering region 20 is rotated around its normal direction. . Therefore, for example, when the same structure is adopted for the light scattering region 20a and the light scattering region 20b shown in FIG. 1 and only the direction of the light scattering axis is different between the regions 20a and 20b, the region 20a is the most. The region 20b appears relatively dark when it appears bright, and the region 20b appears relatively bright when the region 20a appears darkest. When the region 20b looks brightest, the region 20a looks relatively dark, and when the region 20b looks darkest, the region 20a looks relatively bright.

  That is, by making the light scattering axis 27 different between the region 20a and the region 20b, a difference in brightness can be generated between them. Therefore, this makes it possible to display an image. In particular, an image displayed in each region can be obtained by making the angle difference between the light scattering axes 27 of the region 20a and the region 20b sufficiently (for example, 30 ° or more) or by making each light scattering anisotropy sufficiently large. Can be observed under different observation conditions.

The brightness of the light scattering region 20 can be controlled by other methods.
For example, the larger the width of the light scattering structure 25, the smaller the light scattering ability in the direction of the light scattering axis 27. On the other hand, when the light scattering structure 25 is lengthened, the light scattering ability in the orientation direction 26 is reduced.

  The shape of the light scattering structure 25 may be the same in one light scattering region 20. Alternatively, one light scattering region 20 may include a plurality of convex portions and / or concave portions 25 having different shapes.

  In the light scattering region 20 including only the light scattering structure 25 having the same shape, the light scattering ability can be easily designed. Further, such a light scattering region 20 can be easily formed with high accuracy by using a fine processing apparatus such as an electron beam drawing apparatus or a stepper. On the other hand, according to the light scattering region 20 including the light scattering structures 25 having different shapes, scattered light having a gentle light intensity distribution over a wide angular range can be obtained. Therefore, a change in light and dark depending on the observation position is small, and a stable white color can be displayed.

  Moreover, the higher the degree of orientational order of the light scattering structure 25, the greater the light scattering ability anisotropy of the light scattering region 20.

  In the light scattering region 20, the light scattering structure 25 may be regularly arranged to some extent, or may be randomly arranged. For example, when the interval in the direction parallel to the light scattering axis 27 of the light scattering structure 25 is made random, the light intensity distribution of the scattered light in the direction perpendicular to the orientation direction 26 becomes gentle. Therefore, changes in whiteness and brightness according to the observation angle are suppressed.

  Further, if the interval between the light scattering structures 25 is reduced in the direction parallel to the light scattering axis 27, more of the incident light can be scattered, so that the scattered light can be scattered without deteriorating the light scattering ability anisotropy. The strength of can be increased. For example, if the average interval of the light scattering structures 25 in the direction parallel to the light scattering axis 27 is 10 μm or less, a light scattering intensity sufficient to realize a display with good visibility can be obtained.

  If the average interval is made sufficiently small, when the light scattering region 20 is composed of a plurality of light scattering cells, it is possible to make the size of the light scattering cell about 100 μm. In this case, an image can be displayed with a fineness below the resolution of the human eye under normal observation conditions. That is, a sufficiently high-definition image can be displayed.

  In FIG. 1, two light scattering regions 20a and 20b whose light scattering axes are substantially orthogonal to each other are arranged, but three or more light scattering regions having different light scattering axes may be arranged.

  FIGS. 5A to 5C are plan views showing a configuration example of the light scattering region. 5A to 5C, each white portion corresponds to a convex portion or a concave portion.

  In the light scattering region 20 of FIG. 5A, the light scattering structure 25 is oriented in the y direction. In the light scattering region 20 of FIG. 5B, the light scattering structure 25 is oriented in a direction rotated 45 ° counterclockwise from the y direction. In the light scattering region 20 of FIG. 5C, the light scattering structure 25 is oriented in the x direction orthogonal to the y direction.

  In this way, when three or more light scattering regions having different light scattering axes are arranged, for example, gradation display or changing the orientation of the display body 1 makes the image change more complicated. be able to. For example, by changing the orientation of the display body 1, the image can be changed in an animation manner.

  FIGS. 6A and 6B are plan views schematically showing another configuration example of the light scattering region.

  In the light scattering region 20 of FIG. 6A, the light scattering structure 25 is oriented in the y direction. In the light scattering region 20 of FIG. 6B, the light scattering structure 25 is oriented in the x direction.

  The light scattering structure 25 shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B is wider than the light scattering structure 25 shown in FIGS. Therefore, the scattered light emitted from the light scattering region 20 shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B is more aligned than the scattered light emitted from the light scattering regions 20 shown in FIGS. Less spread in the direction perpendicular to direction 26.

  When the spread of the scattered light is small, the scattered light when observed from a specific position becomes strong. Therefore, a plurality of regions having the same direction of the light scattering axis 26 and different widths of the light scattering structure 25, for example, FIG. An image composed of the light scattering region 20 shown in a) and the light scattering region 20 shown in FIG. 6A appears as an image with light and shade when observed from a predetermined position.

  The light scattering regions 20a and 20b shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are not limited to the light scattering regions 20 shown in FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (c) and FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b). Various configurations can be employed.

  As described above, the images displayed by the light scattering regions 20a and 20b in FIG. 1 have a clear switching effect. That is, the two images displayed by the two light scattering regions 20a and 20b having the light scattering axes 27 different from each other can be clearly observed separately without being mixed. Further, by providing a plurality of light scattering regions 20 having different light scattering axes 27, the same number of images as the provided light scattering axes 27 can be displayed on the display 1. Thereby, it is also possible to cause an animated image change due to a change in the observation position.

  The light scattering structure 25 may be a binary (binary) structure in the depth or height direction, or may be a structure that changes continuously.

  The light scattering region 20 including the light scattering structure 25 having a binary structure can be relatively easily manufactured using an apparatus having a fine processing capability, and the shape and the like can be easily set. The light scattering region 20 including the light scattering structure 25 having a continuously changing structure can be easily manufactured by recording speckles on a photosensitive material, for example, a photoresist using interference of laser light. The area of the portion where the light scattering structure 25 is formed with respect to the area of the light scattering region 20 is 50% in the case of a binary structure, and 100% in the case of a structure that changes continuously, that is, there is no smooth surface. In this case, the scattering efficiency of the light scattering structure 25 in the light scattering region 20 is the highest.

  The layer 2 of the display 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes two light scattering regions 20a and 20b having different light scattering axes. The light scattering region 20a displays the character "9", and the light scattering region 20b displays the border of the character "9" as an image.

  In the display body 1 of FIG. 1, the light scattering axes of the light scattering regions 20a and 20b are orthogonal to each other. As described above, when the light scattering region 20a or 20b is observed from a direction perpendicular to the alignment direction 26, the light appears to spread, and a bright image can be observed regardless of the observation angle. Therefore, when the display body 1 is observed from a direction perpendicular to the alignment direction 26 of the light scattering region 20a, only the character “9” looks whitish and the border looks dark. On the other hand, when the display body 1 is observed from a direction perpendicular to the alignment direction 26 of the light scattering region 20b, only the border of “9” looks whitish. That is, since the display body 1 of FIG. 1 includes two light scattering areas 20a and 20b having different light scattering axes, the brightness of the areas 20a and 20b is reversed according to the orientation of the display body 1.

  Since the display body 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes two light scattering regions 20a and 20b in which the directions of the light scattering axis 27 are different from each other, a predetermined image is observed from different directions corresponding to the scattering axis. it can. Such a change in the image observed at the observation position can also be expressed by the diffraction grating region 10, but unlike the rainbow-colored appearance by the diffraction grating region 10, the whiteness is almost uniform in a relatively wide observation position range. Looks like.

  In the above, white scattered light has been described by taking as an example the case where the transparent material layer 50 in FIG. 2 does not have a specific absorption band in the visible region. When the transmissive material layer 50 contains a dye or the like, the scattered light from the light scattering region 20 becomes a scattered light having a wavelength component that is transmitted through the transmissive material layer 50.

  The display body 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 further includes a region 30 in which an uneven structure is not formed, in addition to the diffraction grating region 10 and the light scattering regions 20a and 20b. In the region 30, the image that can be observed does not change even if the observation position is changed. When the layer 2 is composed of the transparent material layer 50 and the reflective material layer 51 shown in FIG. 2, the region 3 is the reflective material layer. 51 metallic appearances are displayed.

  That is, the display 1 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 has the diffraction grating region 10 having a visual effect that the appearance changes greatly depending on the observation position and the light scattering axis 27 orthogonal to each other, and is stable with image switching. Since the two light scattering regions 20a and 20b having the observation effect and the region 30 whose appearance does not change depending on the viewpoint are combined, the visual effect is complicated. Furthermore, since the display body 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 displays an image separately in each region, it is compared with a display body that displays an image only in one of the diffraction grating region 10 and the light scattering regions 20a and 20b. Thus, it has a more complicated visual effect and can be distinguished easily and reliably from similar products, thereby improving the anti-counterfeit effect.

  The display body 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can display various images having different colors, brightness, and the like by appropriately designing the diffraction grating region 10 and the light scattering regions 20a and 20b. Therefore, the diffraction grating region 10 and the light scattering regions 20a and 20b can be designed according to the color and brightness of the image to be displayed. Further, in the display body 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, since both the diffraction grating 11 and the light scattering structure 25 are configured by unevenness, the configuration, positional relationship, and function of both are maintained only by copying the unevenness. Precise and easy manufacturing can be performed. The display body 1 manufactured with high accuracy has an increased reliability with respect to a display body that is a genuine product, and the certainty of authenticity determination is increased.

  Further, since the display body 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes the diffraction grating region 10 and the light scattering regions 20a and 20b, the appearance of the image changes depending on the observation position. This visual effect cannot be reproduced by color copying the display body 1. Further, even if the display body 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is forged or imitated, it is difficult to accurately reproduce a precise concavo-convex structure having two types of effects. In addition, the light scattering structure of the display 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 cannot be duplicated even by an optical duplication method using diffracted light from the diffraction grating 11.

  Therefore, due to the characteristic visual effects and the difficulty of counterfeiting / imitation, the display body 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is, for example, a securities or various kinds as a high security optical medium that can easily determine authenticity. Applicable to cards, passports, etc.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 7 is a plan view schematically showing a display body according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  The display body 1 shown in FIG. 7 is the same as the display body 1 described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 except that the following configuration is adopted. That is, in the display body 1 shown in FIG. 7, the diffraction grating region 10 and the light scattering regions 20a and 20b are each composed of a plurality of cells arranged in a matrix. In other words, in the display body 1 shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of cells display images as pixels in each region.

  In the display body 1 shown in FIG. 7, the diffraction grating region 10 includes a plurality of diffraction grating cells 12a to 12f having different orientations.

  In FIG. 7, since cells having the same reference numerals have substantially the same azimuth of the diffraction grating, the cells emit diffracted light corresponding to the respective azimuths. Therefore, cells with the same reference numerals display images as pixels having the same visual effect. On the other hand, the diffraction grating cells 12a to 12f have different visual effects because the directions of the diffraction gratings are different. That is, the display body 1 of FIG. 7 includes six diffraction grating regions having different visual effects. Therefore, the diffraction grating region of the display body 1 in FIG. 7 looks different depending on the observation conditions.

  In the display 1 shown in FIG. 7, the light scattering region 20a is composed of a plurality of light scattering cells 21a parallel to the direction in which the orientation direction of the light scattering structure is rotated 45 ° counterclockwise from the x direction. The light scattering region 20a forms an image “9” with the plurality of light scattering cells 21a as pixels. On the other hand, the light scattering region 20b includes a plurality of light scattering cells 21b in which the orientation direction of the light scattering structure is orthogonal to the orientation direction of the light scattering structure included in the light scattering cell 21a. The light scattering region 20b forms an image that borders the “9” image displayed by the light scattering region 20a with the plurality of light scattering cells 21b as pixels.

  In the light scattering regions 20a and 20b of the display body 1 shown in FIG. 7, since the orientation directions of the light scattering structures in the light scattering cells 21a and 21b constituting them are orthogonal, their light scattering axes are orthogonal. Therefore, when the display body 1 of FIG. 7 is illuminated from the direction rotated 45 ° counterclockwise with respect to the x direction and observed from the front, scattered light is strongly observed in the light scattering region 20b, while the light scattering region is Since no scattered light is observed or very weakly observed at 20a, the image “9” appears dark. Further, when the display body 1 of FIG. 7 is illuminated from the direction rotated 45 ° clockwise with respect to the x-axis direction and observed from the front, scattered light is strongly observed in the light scattering region 20a, and in the light scattering region 20b. Since the scattered light is not observed or is observed very weakly, the “9” image appears whitish and the surroundings appear dark. That is, every time the angle of illumination is rotated by 90 °, the brightness of the “9” image and the surrounding image are reversed.

  The sizes of the diffraction grating cells 12a to 12f and the light scattering cells 21a and 21b are preferably 300 μm or less. In particular, when the display body 1 is small, it is preferably 100 μm or less in consideration of close viewing. If each cell is smaller than these numbers, it becomes impossible to distinguish the cells with the naked eye under normal observation conditions, and an improvement in the anti-counterfeiting effect and an improvement in design and decoration can be realized.

  The diffraction grating cells 12a to 12f and the light scattering cells 21 and 21b are preferably the same size. By using cells of the same size as pixels, it becomes easy to create an image of the display body 1 from image data.

  As described above, the display 1 shown in FIG. 7 includes the light scattering cells 21a and 21b having the diffraction grating region 10 composed of the diffraction grating cells 12a to 12f having different orientations and the light scattering axes 27 orthogonal to each other. Since each of the two light scattering regions 20a and 20b respectively configured to display an image individually, a display body that displays an image with only one or two of the diffraction grating region 10 and the light scattering regions 20a and 20b; Compared with more complex visual effects. As a result, it is possible to distinguish from similar products very easily and reliably.

  In addition, since the display 1 shown in FIG. 7 forms an image using the diffraction grating cells 12a to 12f and the light scattering cells 21a and 21b as pixels, the arrangement of the diffraction grating and the light scattering structure for each pixel from the digital image data. Thus, the image of the display body 1 can be easily made complex and high-definition. Thereby, while improving a visual effect, the forgery prevention effect can be heightened further.

  In addition, since the diffraction grating 11 and the light scattering structure 25 are both configured by unevenness, the display body 1 shown in FIG. 7 is precise while maintaining the configuration, positional relationship, and function of both only by replicating the unevenness. Easy manufacture can be performed. As described above, the display body 1 manufactured with high accuracy increases the reliability of the display body that is a genuine product, and increases the certainty of the authenticity determination.

  Furthermore, even if the display body 1 shown in FIG. 7 is counterfeited or imitated, it is difficult to accurately reproduce a precise structure having these visual effects. Further, the light scattering structure of the display body 1 shown in FIG. 7 cannot be duplicated even by an optical duplication method using diffracted light from the diffraction grating 11.

  Therefore, due to the characteristic visual effect and the difficulty of counterfeiting / imitation, the display 1 shown in FIG. 7 is a high-security optical medium that can easily determine authenticity, such as securities, various cards, and passports. It can be used for

Next, a modification of the display body 1 shown in FIG. 7 will be described.
FIG. 8 is a plan view schematically showing a modification of the display shown in FIG.

  The display body 1 shown in FIG. 8 is the same as the display body 1 described with reference to FIG. 7 except that the following configuration is adopted. That is, the display layer 2 shown in FIG. 8 has two diffractive grating regions 10a and 10b having different orientations, two light scattering regions 20a and 20b whose light scattering axes are orthogonal to each other, and an uneven structure. And no region 30.

  In the display 1 shown in FIG. 8, the diffraction grating region 10a constituted by the diffraction grating cell 12a has an image of “0”, and the diffraction grating region 10b constituted by the diffraction grating cell 12b has an image of “:”. The light scattering region 20a composed of the light scattering cell 21a forms an image “1”, and the light scattering region 20b composed of the light scattering cell 21b forms an image “9”.

  In the display body 1 shown in FIG. 8, the light scattering axes of the light scattering region 20a and the light scattering region 20b are substantially orthogonal. Therefore, only one image is observed at a certain observation position, and only the other image is observed at another observation position. That is, images of both the light scattering region 20a and the light scattering region 20b are not observed.

  In the display body 1 shown in FIG. 8, the orientations of the diffraction grating regions 10a and 10b are different from each other. Therefore, the observation position where the diffraction grating region 10a appears to be rainbow-colored is different from the observation position where the diffraction grating region 10b appears to be rainbow-colored.

  Further, in the display body 1 of FIG. 8, the diffraction grating region 10b and the light scattering region 20b have the inner concavo-convex structure oriented in substantially the same direction, so depending on the observation position, both images may be observed. Only one of the images is observed.

  The display body 1 shown in FIG. 8 includes a region 30 in which neither a diffraction grating nor a light scattering structure is formed. The appearance of this region 30 does not change depending on the observation position.

  As described above, the display 1 shown in FIG. 8 has light having two diffraction grating regions 10a and 10b each composed of diffraction grating cells 12a and 12b having different orientations and light scattering axes 27 orthogonal to each other. Since the two light scattering regions 20a and 20b each composed of the scattering cells 21a and 21b individually display images, a more complicated visual effect can be obtained compared to a display body in which one or more of these regions are omitted. Have. As a result, it is possible to distinguish from similar products very easily and reliably.

  In addition, since the diffraction grating 11 and the light scattering structure 25 are both configured by unevenness, the display body 1 shown in FIG. 7 is precise while maintaining the configuration, positional relationship, and function of both only by replicating the unevenness. Easy manufacture can be performed. The display body 1 that is stably manufactured with high accuracy increases the reliability of the display body that is a genuine product and increases the certainty of authenticity determination.

  Furthermore, even if the display body 1 shown in FIG. 8 is counterfeited or imitated, it is difficult to accurately reproduce a precise structure having these visual effects. Further, the light scattering structure of the display body 1 shown in FIG. 8 cannot be duplicated even by an optical duplication method using diffracted light from the diffraction grating 11.

  Therefore, due to the characteristic visual effect and the difficulty of counterfeiting / imitation, the display body 1 shown in FIG. 8 can be used as a high security optical medium that can easily determine authenticity, such as securities, various cards, and passports. It can be used for

  The display body 1 described above further includes a light scattering region including convex portions and / or concave portions having other shapes in addition to the light scattering regions 20a and 20b including the linear light scattering structure 25. May be.

  FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B are perspective views schematically showing an example of a light scattering region including convex portions and / or concave portions having a shape other than a linear shape.

  The light scattering region 20 ′ in FIG. 9A includes a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped convex portions 25 a. The alignment direction 26 'of the plurality of convex portions 25a is substantially parallel to the x direction. The light scattering region 20 ′ in FIG. 9B includes a plurality of elliptical convex portions 25 b. The alignment direction 26 'of the plurality of convex portions 25b is substantially parallel to the x direction.

  In the light scattering region 20 ′ of FIGS. 9A and 9B, the light scattering axis 27 ′ is substantially parallel to the y direction. However, the convex portions 25a and 25b included in the light scattering region 20 ′ of FIGS. 9A and 9B have a small ratio of the dimension in the x direction to the dimension in the y direction, for example, within a range of 1 to 5. Therefore, the light scattering ability anisotropy is small as compared with the linear convex portion and / or the concave portion 25 described above. Therefore, in the light scattering region 20 ′ of FIGS. 9A and 9B, although the scattered light is observed, the change in appearance according to the observation position is small.

  Therefore, the visual effect of the display body 1 can be further complicated by adding such a light scattering region 20 '.

  The display body 1 described above can be attached to an article such as a printed matter and used as a forgery prevention medium.

  FIG. 10 is a plan view schematically showing an example of an article that supports a display body.

  An article 100 shown in FIG. 10 is a magnetic card. This article 100 includes a base material 90 on which printing has been performed and a display body 1 supported by the base material 90. The display body 1 included in the article 100 is the display body 1 described above.

  The article 100 shown in FIG. 10 has a plurality of optical characteristics different from each other, that is, an image of the display body 1 having a visual effect by the diffraction grating region and a visual effect by a plurality of light scattering regions, and an image by printing applied to the card 90. Since the display image consisting of these elements can be visually confirmed, it is easy to distinguish from the non-genuine product. Since counterfeiting and imitation of the display body 1 is difficult as described above, an anti-counterfeiting effect on the article 100 can be expected.

  The article of FIG. 10 is one form of an application example of the display body of the present invention, and the application form of the display body of the present invention is not limited to the form of FIG. For example, when the display body of the present invention is applied to an article such as a printed matter, it may be cut into paper in a form called a thread (also called a strip, a filament, a thread, a safety strip, or the like). Moreover, since the display body of this invention can include the adhesion layer 52 as shown in FIG. 2, it can be easily affixed and applied to various articles | goods.

The top view which shows roughly the display body of 1st Embodiment of this invention. The schematic sectional drawing along the II-II line of the display body shown in FIG. The figure which shows an example of the relationship between the illumination light which injected into the diffraction grating, and the diffracted light which the diffraction grating inject | emitted. The top view which shows an example of a light-scattering area | region roughly. (A)-(c) is a top view which shows the structural example of a light-scattering area | region. (A) And (b) is a top view which shows roughly the other structural example of a light-scattering area | region. The top view which shows roughly the display body of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The top view which shows roughly the modification of the display body shown in FIG. (A) And (b) is a perspective view which shows roughly the example of the light-scattering area | region containing the convex part and / or recessed part of shapes other than linear. The top view which shows roughly an example of the articles | goods which supported the display body.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Display body, 2 ... Layer, 10 ... Diffraction grating area, 11 ... Diffraction grating, 12 ... Diffraction grating cell, 20a ... Light scattering area, 20b ... Light scattering area, 21 ... Light scattering cell, 25 ... Light scattering structure, 26 ... Main orientation direction, 27 ... Light scattering axis, 50 ... Transparent material layer, 51 ... Light reflection layer, 90 ... Base material.

Claims (11)

A diffraction grating region in which a relief-type diffraction grating is formed and a plurality of linear convex portions and / or concave portions in which directions are aligned are formed in each, and a plurality of light scattering regions in which the directions are different from each other. A display body comprising a layer included in a surface, wherein the plurality of light scattering regions form different images.   The display body according to claim 1, wherein each of the diffraction grating region and the light scattering region includes a plurality of cells, and displays an image using the plurality of cells as pixels. The plurality of cells constituting the diffraction grating region include at least one of a spatial frequency, an orientation, and a depth or height of a groove forming the diffraction grating, and an area ratio of the diffraction grating to the cells. One containing different cells,
The plurality of cells constituting the light scattering region are formed by the density, size, shape, and depth or height of the convex portions and / or concave portions, and the convex portions and / or concave portions of the cells. 3. The display body according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the area ratios of the portions includes different cells.   4. The display body according to claim 1, wherein, in at least one of the light scattering regions, the plurality of linear convex portions and / or concave portions are randomly arranged. 5.   5. The display body according to claim 1, wherein, in at least one of the light scattering regions, each of the plurality of linear convex portions and / or concave portions has the same length and width. .   The said several cell which comprises the said light-scattering area | region contains the cell from which the length and / or width | variety of these several convex part and / or a recessed part mutually differ. The display body.   The display body according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of convex portions and / or concave portions are formed at an average interval of 10 μm or less.   The display body according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of light scattering regions include two light scattering regions whose directions are orthogonal to each other.   9. The layer according to claim 1, wherein the layer further includes a region in which a plurality of convex portions and / or concave portions having a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or a polygonal shape are formed on the main surface. The display body according to claim 1.   The display body according to claim 1, further comprising a reflective film or a semi-transmissive reflective film covering the main surface, wherein the layer is made of a light transmissive material. A display body according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
A printed matter comprising: a printed substrate supporting the display body.

Images