JP2008106619A - Composite magnus wing - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To attain improvement of dynamic lift of a wind power generator and an aircraft by developing a wing shape capable of generating the dynamic lift over low to high wind speed areas since in a conventional fixed wing, the dynamic lift is large at the high wind speed area but the dynamic force at the low/middle wind speed area is small and the dynamic lift by magnus effect is large at the low/middle wind speed area but a magnus cylinder becomes air resistance at the high wind speed area. <P>SOLUTION: The composite magnus type wing generates the dynamic lift of the fixed wing and the magnus force by mounting the rotation magnus cylinder to a middle of the fixed wing. The composite wing can generate the dynamic lift in a wide range from the low wind speed area to the high wind speed area by the dynamic lift by the magnus force at the low wind speed area and the dynamic lift by the fixed wing at the high wind speed area. Power generation at the wider wind speed area than conventional becomes possible by adopting it to a rotation wing of the wind power generator and performing control of the rotation number of the magnus wing. If it is adopted for the wing of the aircraft, it becomes a short fixed wing and taking off/landing in a short distance becomes possible. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a wind power generator that uses a combined force of a Magnus force generated by a rotating Magnus cylinder and a lift generated by a fixed wing as a generator rotation moment, and an aircraft that uses the lift as a lift.

As a lift generating device used for a flying device, a main component is a fixed wing used for a jet or a propeller. The following documents are examples of applying a Magnus cylinder instead of an aircraft fixed wing.
JP 61-113595 JP 61-105299 A

Currently, there are the following documents as Magnus type wind power generators using the Magnus effect as equipment suitable for a wide range of wind speeds from a low wind speed region to a high speed region.
Russian Federation Patent 219494C2 Russian Federation Patent 2118699 US Patent 4,366,386 JP2005-256605 JP2005-256606

In particular, in the wind power generator developed by Mecharo Akita and disclosed in JP 2005-256606, fins are wound in a spiral shape around a cylindrical Magnus cylinder of the same diameter, which greatly improves efficiency compared to the conventional Magnus cylindrical generator. It has been demonstrated that it can be achieved. The performance of this spiral cylindrical Magnus type wind power generator is equivalent to or better than that of a propeller type wind power generator.

The principle of lift generation by the Magnus cylinder is that the generated lift can be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the cylinder. The generation of lift is large at low and medium wind speeds, but it has a large cross-sectional area at high speeds. There is a disadvantage that the air resistance of the. On the other hand, the fixed wing has a small generated lift in the low and medium wind speed range, but has a large generated lift in the high speed range. The present invention provides a new lift generator capable of generating a large lift in a wide range from a low speed region to a high speed region by combining a fixed blade and a Magnus cylinder.

Propeller-type wind power generators cannot generate power at low wind speeds, so it is not possible to improve annual facility utilization and power generation, and wind power generators cannot be installed in areas with many low wind speeds. It was. Further, in order to prevent the propeller from being damaged due to excessive rotation, the propeller type wind power generator stops the power generation by changing the pitch of the propeller so as not to generate power when the wind speed exceeds the cutout wind speed. The present invention enables power generation in a wide range from a low wind speed region to a strong wind speed region by employing a wind power generator having a composite Magnus blade.

The lift generated by the fixed wing of a conventional aircraft generates a large lift in the high wind speed range, but there is a problem that the generated lift is small in the low wind speed range. For this reason, modern aircraft require large, long fixed wings and long runways for takeoff and landing. The present invention solves the above-described problems by adopting a composite Magnus wing, and provides downsizing and landing at a short distance and a fixed wing of an aircraft.

In a Magnus cylinder placed so that the rotation axis of the cylinder is perpendicular to the direction of wind flow, fixed wings are attached before and after the Magnus cylinder, and the Magnus force generated when the Magnus cylinder rotates in the wind speed. A combined Magnus airfoil lift generator characterized by obtaining a combined lift of lift and lift by a fixed wing (Claim 1).

In the Magnus type wind power generator in which a plurality of rotating Magnus cylinders are provided on the horizontal rotating shaft of the generator, and each of the rotating Magnus cylinders is supported in a radial manner, each of the Magnus cylinders rotates independently. The composite Magnus wing type wind power generator using the composite Magnus wing of claim 1 (Claim 2)

3. A composite Magnus wind turbine generator according to claim 2, further comprising a control mechanism for controlling the number of rotations of the wind power generator by controlling the rotation speed and direction of rotation of the cylinder of the composite Magnus blade. )

In the lift generation of aircraft flight equipment,
A Magnus wing type aircraft, characterized in that one or more Magnus Cylinders, each of which independently rotates, are attached to the fixed wing of the aircraft to obtain lift necessary for flight to obtain lift based on the principle of a composite Magnus wing. 4)

In a Magnus aircraft with Magnus wings that rotate independently on the front and rear, left and right of the fuselage, lift is generated during take-off and landing by controlling the rotation speed and rotation direction of the left and right Magnus wings. 5. A Magnus wing type aircraft according to claim 4, further comprising a control mechanism that raises, lowers, and turns by generating a vortex (claim 5).

  In the composite Magnus wing type lift generating device according to claim 1, the fixed wings at the front and rear of the Magnus cylinder have a mechanism capable of freely changing the angle with respect to the direction of the axial wind. A composite Magnus wing type lift generator characterized by having a device capable of optimizing and controlling the combined lift of the lift by the Magnus force generated during rotation and the lift by the front and rear fixed wings (Claim 6).

A composite Magnus wing type wind power generator or a Magnus wing type aircraft using the composite Magnus wing type lift generator according to claim 2, wherein the composite Magnus wing is used as a magnus by using the composite Magnus wing type lift generator of Claim 6. A composite Magnus airfoil wind generator and a Magnus airfoil aircraft characterized by controlling the lift of the composite Magnus wing by controlling the rotation number of the cylinder and the front and rear fixed wing angles (claims 7 and 8).

In the composite Magnus blade according to the first aspect, the lift generated by the fixed blade and the Magnus force generated by the Magnus cylinder are generated, and the sum of the lift of the fixed blade and the lift by the Magnus force is the lift. Furthermore, the flow accelerated on the upper surface of the fixed blade is faster than the surrounding flow, and the generated Magnus force is larger than the Magnus force when there is no fixed blade. For this reason, a synergistic effect is generated compared to the case where the fixed wing and the Magnus cylinder are used alone, and the entire lift is increased.

In the compound Magnus wing type wind power generator adopting the compound Magnus wing described in claim 2, a combined rotary moment of the propeller blade and the Magnus cylinder can be used, and it can be used in a wide range from a low wind speed region to a high wind velocity region. Since the wind speed can be used effectively, there is an effect of increasing the amount of wind power generation in the year. Further, if the power generation output is the same, the composite Magnus wing type wind power generator has the effect of miniaturization because the diameter of the rotor blade is shortened.

In the Magnus wing type wind power generator employing the composite Magnus wing described in claim 3, the rotational speed of the wind power generator can be controlled by adjusting the Magnus force generated by the rotation of the Magnus cylinder. Further, when the wind is strong, the rotation moment generated by rotating the Magnus cylinder in the reverse direction can be reduced to prevent the wind power generator from over-rotating, and the cut-out wind speed can be increased. For this reason, there is an effect that the wind speed region where the wind power generator can generate power is expanded, and the amount of power generated annually increases.

In an aircraft adopting the composite Magnus wing described in claim 4, the lift of take-off and landing can be obtained by combining the fixed wing lift and the lift of the Magnus cylinder, and the Magnus cylinder stops during cruise flight. In order to fly only with the lift of a fixed wing, it becomes possible to reduce the required fixed wing area and wing length. As a result, the composite Magnus wing can shorten the wing length and has the effect of making the aircraft compact.

Since aircraft require very high lift during take-off and landing, the composite Magnus wing is an aircraft wing suitable for short-range take-off and landing. For example, conventional fixed-wing aircraft have large wings that are unnecessary during normal flight due to takeoff and landing, but these large fixed wings only serve as resistance during normal flight, which is an issue for improving economic efficiency. It has become. Large wings require excessive space when moving and parking at the airport after landing, and miniaturization of aircraft wings is an important issue in aircraft development. Since the aircraft of the composite Magnus wing can be reduced in size, it has the effect of preventing airport overcrowding and reducing the area of the airport site.

  In conventional aircraft, attitude control such as turning to the left and right, ascending and descending was based on the function of the vertical tail and the flap. However, in the aircraft using the Magnus wing of claim 5, the rotation number and rotation direction of the Magnus cylinder are adjusted. This has the effect of enabling posture control. Since attitude control by the composite Magnus wing method is possible even in the low speed range, the possibility of developing aircraft with flight characteristics different from those of conventional aircraft is expected.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the lift by the Magnus force and the lift of the front and rear fixed blades are maximized with respect to the wind speed by changing the angle of the front and rear fixed blades of the composite Magnus blade to an optimum angle depending on the wind speed direction. Thus, it becomes possible to obtain a large lift in a wide range of wind speeds.

In claims 7 and 8, when the composite Magnus wing of claim 6 is used for a wind power generator or an aircraft, the lift of the fixed wing and the lift by the Magnus force can be optimized. It becomes possible.

The conventional fixed wing and the Magnus cylinder have different wind speed regions for generating lift, and by using them complementarily, it is possible to generate lift in a wide range of wind speeds. Such a conventional Magnus wing obtained by combining a conventional fixed wing and a Magnus cylinder can be used as a wing of a wind power generation facility or an aircraft, and its principle and specific examples will be described below. The embodiment is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this example.

FIG. 7 (a) shows a lift generating mechanism in a conventional fixed wing. The wind flow hits the fixed wing, and the flow is divided into an upper part and a lower part at the leading edge of the wing. In the upper part of the wing, the speed is increased along the curvature of the fixed wing to the trailing edge. On the other hand, in the lower part, the flow becomes slower and the trailing edge. The principle of lift generation is explained by Bernoulli's theorem.
Assuming that the air density ρ, the upper wind speed V ₁ , the upper static pressure is p ₁ , the lower wind speed V ₂ , and the lower static pressure is p ₂ , the Bernoulli's theorem can be expressed as shown in Equation (1).
1 / 2ρ (V ₁ ) ² + p ₁ = 1 / 2ρ (V ₂ ) ² + p ₂ formula (1)
Lift _{L w} per unit area generated in the fixed wing _{L w = p 2 -p 1 =} 1 / 2ρ (V 1) 2 -1 / 2ρ (V 2) 2 Equation (2)
Since the upper wind speed V ₁ and the lower wind speed V ₂ are determined by the cross-sectional shape of the fixed blade, the surrounding wind speed is V, and the lift coefficient α is obtained for each blade cross-sectional shape and can be expressed as shown in Equation (3).
L _w = 1 / 2ραV Formula ² (3)

Figure 7 (b) shows the lift L _m by Magnus force generated in the cylinder.
Assuming that the air density ρ, the wind speed V, the upper static pressure is p _1m , the lower static pressure is p _2m , and the peripheral velocity u of the Magnus cylinder, it can be expressed as follows from Bernoulli's theorem.
1 / 2ρ (V + u) ² + p _1m = 1 / 2ρ (V−u) ² + p _2m (4)
Magnus force _{L m} is _{L m = p 2m -p 1m =} 1 / 2ρ (V + u) 2 -1 / 2ρ (V-u) 2 Equation (5)
When the cylindrical rotation angular velocity ω and the cylindrical diameter d are given, u = ωd / 2 (6)
L _m = 1 / 2ρ [(V + ω · d / 2) ² − (V−ω · d / 2) ² ] = ρVωd Equation (7)
And is proportional to the wind velocity V, the cylindrical rotation angular velocity ω, and the cylindrical diameter d.

FIG. 1 shows a composite Magnus blade when a fixed blade and a Magnus blade are combined. Hereinafter, the mechanism will be described. The wind flow V hits the front fixed wing, and at the leading edge, the flow is divided into an upper part and a lower part. At the upper part of the fixed wing, the speed is increased along the curvature of the wing to V ₁ and reaches the front end of the upper Magnus cylinder. The flow is further accelerated by the rotation of Magnus, leading to the trailing edge. On the other hand, leading to a lower front end of slows down Magnus cylinder with the flow V ₂ at the bottom. The flow velocity is further reduced by the rotation of Magnus and reaches the rear fixed wing, and then reaches the trailing edge.
The Magnus force L _mH of the composite Magnus wing is L _mH = p _2H -p _1H = 1 / 2ρ (V ₁ + u) ² −1 / 2ρ (V ₂ −u) ² formula (8)
From the relationship of V ₁ >V> V ₂ , the Magnus force L _mH > L _{m is satisfied} , and the lift force (L _w + L _m ) greater than the sum of those using the fixed blade and the Magnus cylinder alone (L _w + L _m ) _w + L _mH ) is generated, and a combined effect is obtained.

It has a different lift force generation characteristics and the lift L _w and the Magnus force L _m by fixed-wing. The vertical axis lift L _w and Magnus force L _m of the fixed wings 3, the wind speed V horizontal axis to equation (3) shows the relationship of the formula (7). To lift L _w is proportional to the square of the wind speed V, when the wind speed V is small lift L _w is small, the lift L _w wind speed increases becomes very large. On the other hand, Magnus force L _m increases linearly in proportional to the wind speed V. Therefore, in a low-wind speeds can be greater than the lift L _w with fixed blades.
Assuming that the fixed blade lift L _wa and the Magnus force L _ma at the wind speed Va, the combined lift becomes a magnitude obtained by adding a synergistic effect to L _wa + L _ma . When the angular velocity of rotation of the Magnus cylinder is doubled from ω to 2ω in the low and medium wind speed regions, the generated Magnus force L _maa also doubles in principle. However, in practice, the resistance due to air turbulence caused by the Magnus cylinder increases, so the value is lower than twice, and it is necessary to consider that the rotation number of the Magnus cylinder has an optimum point. However, in general, by increasing the rotation speed of the Magnus cylinder in the low and medium wind speed regions, it is possible to obtain higher lift than the conventional fixed blade.

The structure of a conventional Magnus type wind power generator will be described with reference to FIG. There is a nacelle 20 at the upper end of a column 22 fixed to the foundation 24 on the ground. The nacelle 20 is freely oriented in the wind direction with the shaft 50 as a rotation axis. A generator 30 is installed in the nacelle 20 in a horizontal direction, and a plurality of Magnus blades 36, 38, and 40 are radially attached to the rotating shaft of the generator for driving the shaft. The number of Magnus blades is not limited to three, and may be one or more.
Each Magnus cylinder mounting portion 44 has a drive 34 such as an electric motor. By rotating each of the cylindrical Magnus blades 36, 38, 40 in the wind (WIND) as indicated by arrows A, the cylindrical Magnus. A rotational force in the direction of the arrow B is generated on the blades 36, 38, 40. This force is a rotational force due to the Magnus force, and the product of the Magnus force and the radius from the rotation shaft becomes a rotational moment, which becomes a force for rotating the wind power generator 30. The Magnus cylinder of the conventional Magnus type wind power generator has a simple cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. 8 and has a small Magnus effect and low power generation efficiency.

In recent years, a Magnus cylinder (referred to as a spiral fin-type Magnus blade 47) in which a spiral fin 46 is wound around a cylinder as shown in FIG. 9 has been developed, and efficiency far exceeding that of a conventional simple cylinder Magnus blade has been obtained. . A wind power generator using the spiral fin type Magnus blade 47 is currently under test, and it has been reported that the Magnus blade itself has generated 3.8 times the lift of the propeller type, which is equivalent to or higher than the general-purpose propeller type wind power generator. It has been announced that it exhibits high efficiency.

FIG. 2 shows a case where the present composite Magnus blade is applied to a wind power generator. Since the present invention has the characteristics of the conventional propeller type wind power generator and the cylindrical Magnus blade wind power generator, it is a wind power generator that can exhibit high efficiency in a wide wind speed range from low wind speed to high wind speed. There is a nacelle 20 at the upper end of a column 22 fixed to the foundation 24 on the ground. The nacelle 20 is freely oriented in the wind direction with the shaft 50 as a rotation axis. A generator 30 is installed in the nacelle 20 in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of composite Magnus blades 51, 52, 53, 54 for driving the shaft are radially attached to the extension shaft of the generator. Yes. The number of composite Magnus blades is not limited to four, and may be one or more.
A drive unit 34 such as an electric motor is provided at the attachment portion 44 of each composite Magnus blade 51, 52, 53, 54. In the wind (WIND), each Magnus cylinder 51a, 52a, 53a, 54a is indicated by an arrow i. By rotating, the composite Magnus blades 51, 52, 53, and 54 generate a rotational force in the direction indicated by the arrow B. The fixed wing also receives wind and generates a rotational force in the direction of arrow B. The product of the combined rotational force and the radius from the rotation shaft becomes a rotation moment, and the wind power generator 30 is rotated.

FIG. 4 shows a plan view and a cross-sectional view of the composite Magnus wing. The plan view shows a structure in which a composite Magnus blade 51 is attached to the generator rotating shaft 31. The wings 51c may be fixed or may perform variable pitch control. The Magnus cylinder 51a is rotated by the drive unit 34 about the rotation shaft 51b, and is fixed to the fixed blade 51c by bearings 51d and 51e. A gap is provided so that the Magnus cylinder 51a and the fixed wing 51c do not come into contact with each other. However, since this gap causes a loss of air, the gap needs to be narrowed so as not to come into contact. The cross-sectional view shows a cross section from the arrow finger. FIG. 5 shows a projection view of the composite Magnus wing.

The wind power generator employing the composite Magnus blade of the present invention can effectively use wind in a wider wind speed region. This is because the propeller type is proportional to the square of the wind speed V as shown in Equation 3, so that the rotational force increases as the wind speed increases. On the other hand, since the Magnus blade is proportional to the product of the wind speed V and the rotation angular velocity ω of the Magnus blade, it is possible to obtain the necessary rotational force by the Magnus force by increasing the rotation angular velocity ω even in the low wind velocity region. As a result, the wind power generator that employs the composite Magnus blade is a more efficient power generator than the propeller type wind power generator even at low and medium wind speeds. Further, since the rotating diameter of the Magnus wing can be shortened, the size can be reduced.

The wind power generator has a method of controlling the rotational speed of the generator to a constant rotational speed in order to maintain the power frequency generated by the power generator at a constant value. When the composite Magnus blade is employed, the rotational speed of the composite Magnus blade generator can be controlled to be constant by controlling the rotation speed of the Magnus cylinder. FIG. 6 (a) shows a method for controlling the rotational speed of the generator. When the actually measured rotational speed is larger than the control rotational speed, the rotational speed of the Magnus cylinder is decreased to reduce the rotational force. On the other hand, when the actually measured rotational speed is smaller than the control rotational speed, the rotational speed of the Magnus cylinder is increased to increase the rotational force.

A wind power generator that uses a composite Magnus wing is a strong facility against strong winds and typhoons. This can be said from the aspect that the Magnus rotation shaft supports the propeller blade and not only increases the structural strength but also shortens the length of the propeller blade. Furthermore, if the generator speed is likely to exceed the limit value due to strong winds, it is possible to reduce the total rotational force of the composite Magnus wing by rotating the Magnus cylinder in the reverse direction and to suppress the generator speed. It becomes. FIG. 6B shows the control method.

The control method will be described with reference to FIG. Let V _S1 be the cut-out wind speed region of the propeller blade. When this speed is exceeded, the propeller blades of the wind power generator are set to a stall angle (an angle at which work is not performed) and escaped without using the wind speed to prevent over-rotation of the propeller blades. In the case of a composite Magnus wing, the lift of the propeller wing can be reduced from a solid line to a one-dot chain line by rotating the Magnus cylinder in the opposite direction. Accordingly, the cut-out wind speed V _{C1 of} the propeller blades moves to V _C2 , so that power generation in a wide wind speed range is possible. A specific control method is shown in the generator speed control at the time of strong wind in FIG. This method can be used in combination with the pitch angle control of the propeller type wind power generator, and as a result, a wider range of flexible control than before can be achieved.

FIG. 10 shows an example in which the composite Magnus wing is incorporated in the main wing of an aircraft. A main wing 101 is provided on both sides of the fuselage 100, and a Magnus cylinder 102 is incorporated in the main wing 101. A propeller 105 is mounted on the tip of the engine 104 and driven. The rotating shaft is extended from the engine 104, and the Magnus cylinder is rotated by the rotation speed governor 106. The left and right Magnus cylinder rotation number adjusting device 103 is a device that controls the attitude of the airplane by matching the rotation numbers of the left and right Magnus cylinders or by generating a difference in the rotation number. In the case of the airplane shown in FIG. 10, the left / right turn is performed by using the difference in rotation of the Magnus cylinder or by the vertical tail 108. In the case of right turn, the rotation speed of the right-wing Magnus cylinder is decreased, the rotation speed of the left-wing Magnus cylinder is increased, and the vertical tail 108 is used. The ascending / descending is performed by increasing / decreasing the rotation number of the left and right Magnus cylinders and the conventional horizontal tail 107. The rotation speed of the left and right Magnus cylinders may be increased when ascending, and the rotation speed of the Magnus cylinder may be decreased when descending, or the rotation direction may be reversed.

FIG. 11 shows an aircraft in which the conventional vertical tail and horizontal tail are eliminated, and the composite Magnus wing vertical tail 111 and the composite Magnus wing horizontal tail 110 perform left / right turn and up / down attitude control. The turning to the left and right is made by controlling the direction of rotation of the cylinder of the vertical vertical composite magnus blade 111. For example, by rotating in the direction of the arrow (b), a force is generated to push the tail of the aircraft in the direction of (b), so the aircraft turns left. It is only necessary to rotate in the opposite direction for a right turn.
Ascending and descending, when the rotation of the Magnus cylinder of the horizontal tail 110 is rotated in the direction of the arrow (c), an upward lift is generated in the tail, so that the nose of the aircraft falls and assumes a descending posture. If the aircraft rotates in the opposite direction, a downward lift is generated on the tail, so the nose of the aircraft rises and moves up.

FIG. 12 shows a Magnus wing using a plurality of Magnus cylinders. The lift due to the Magnus effect is proportional to the cylinder diameter as shown in equation (7). For this reason, it is only necessary to increase the cylinder diameter, but if the diameter is simply increased, the air resistance increases, and in an aircraft, it is not necessary to increase the cylinder diameter unnecessarily to reduce the air resistance during normal flight. Can not. For this reason, by installing Magnus cylinders in several stages, it is possible to obtain the same lift as increasing the cylinder diameter. When a plurality of Magnus cylinders are provided, the effect of increasing or decreasing the wind speed in the preceding Magnus cylinder can be further utilized in the next Magnus cylinder. If neglecting the minute resistance loss in the Magnus cylinder, the wind speed on the upper surface of the first Magnus cylinder is V + u, the wind speed on the upper surface of the second Magnus cylinder is V + u + u, while the wind speed on the lower surface of the Magnus cylinder is V-u, the wind speed of the lower surface of the two-stage Magnus cylinder is V-u-u, and the generated Magnus force Fm1 <Fm2 increases gradually. Thus, lift can be generated by a plurality of small-diameter Magnus cylinders.

A plurality of small-diameter Magnus cylinders can be stored in a wing during normal flight, and can be put out on the wing upper surface or the lower wing surface to function as a lift generating device when needed during takeoff and landing. This is because the aircraft needs high lift only during take-off and landing, and the wings required during normal flight are small, so pull out the Magnus cylinder only during take-off and landing and generate lift and store it when it is not needed Thus, there is an effect that air resistance during normal flight can be reduced.

  FIG. 13 shows an example of an aircraft that can be controlled by the composite Magnus wing. This aircraft is an aircraft that performs vertical take-off and landing and short take-off and landing by changing the angle of the engine attached to the fixed wing together with the fixed wing, and is called a tilt rotor system. At the time of vertical take-off, the fixed wing and the engine are made vertical and take off vertically like a helicopter, and then the fixed wing and the engine are changed to a horizontal position to operate as a vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft). Also, when used as a short-range take-off and landing aircraft (STOL aircraft) that takes fixed landing wings and engines at a constant angle of attack and takes off and landing by short-distance running, the load capacity of personnel and cargo can be significantly increased compared to VTOL aircraft. .

By adopting the composite Magnus wing in a tilt-rotor type aircraft, the take-off and landing performance of the aircraft can be improved, and flight characteristics different from the conventional one can be obtained. At the time of vertical take-off shown in FIG. 13 (a), the Magnus cylinder generates a backward Magnus force due to rotation in the direction B, and generates a forward Magnus force due to rotation in the direction B. If this is used, the fixed wing and the engine remain in the vertical state, and at the same time, it is possible to move forward and backward in the horizontal direction while taking off vertically.
As shown in FIG. 13 (b), by rotating the fixed wing and engine Magnus cylinder in Lee direction in a state in which have a constant angle of attack, lift L is the aircraft by thrust L _w and Magnus cylinder by a propeller A composite lift L _{wm of m} is generated. The lift is larger than the lift L _w when the vertically engine fixed wing, when used as a short take-off and landing aircraft (STOL machine), load of the personnel and cargo increases. Advancing and retreating are possible by adjusting the thrust in the horizontal direction by changing the angle of the engine of the fixed wing or changing the direction of the combined lift _Lwm by changing the rotation speed of the Magnus cylinder.
As described above, an aircraft adopting a composite Magnus wing is optimal as a vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft) or a short-range take-off and landing aircraft (STOL aircraft). During takeoff, the wind speed and the composite Magnus wing produced by the propeller allow the aircraft to take off without taking off too much and take off.

FIG. 14 shows an example in which the present invention is applied as a lift generating device for a flying device of an earth / space return aircraft such as a space shuttle. The spacecraft depends on the refining body (lifting fuselage) for generating lift, and glides like a glider and returns. However, since the lifting body has a small lift and cannot fly freely like a glider, the restrictions on landing are large, and the landing point cannot be freely selected. However, by adopting composite Magnus wing, lift force during take-off and landing is generated by composite Magnus cylinder, and lift during normal flight is generated by the lift generation fuselage, making it a non-winged aircraft that can fly, so a wide landing point Can be selected. When launching or re-entering the earth, the surface of the fuselage is exposed to extremely high temperatures due to friction with air. Therefore, it is recommended to store the Magnus cylinder in the fuselage so that it is not affected by heat. Further, if the inside of the Magnus cylinder is used as a containment container for fuel, crew air, etc., the space of the Magnus cylinder can be effectively utilized.

There are the following three methods for controlling the composite Magnus blade.
1. 1. A system that incorporates a Magnus cylinder in the fixed wing and controls the rotation speed and direction of the Magnus cylinder. 2. A system that incorporates a Magnus cylinder into the fixed wing, controls the rotation speed and direction of the Magnus cylinder, and controls the pitch angle of the fixed wing according to the wind speed. Fixed blades are provided on the front and rear of the Magnus cylinder, and the front and rear blades of the Magnus cylinder have a mechanism that can adjust the angle with respect to the wind speed, and control the rotation speed and rotation direction of the Magnus cylinder, and the front and rear according to the wind speed. Adjusting the angle of the blade against the wind speed direction

FIG. 15 shows an example in which the angle of the fixed wing before and after the composite Magnus wing is changed depending on the direction of the wind. It is possible to attach the front wing 200 in front of the Magnus cylinder 51a and the rear wing 201 in the rear, and change the angle of the fixed wing with the front wing rotation shaft 200a and the rear wing rotation shaft 201a as axes. When the wind speed is low, as shown in FIG. 15B, the lift force as the blade is increased by increasing the angles α and β of the front and rear stationary blades. At high wind speeds, as shown in FIG. 15 (a), the air resistance is reduced by reducing the angles α and β of the front and rear fixed blades, and the total lift by the fixed blades and the Magnus force is optimized for the wind speed. Is to control. The axis for changing the angle of the front and rear fixed blades may be provided separately, or may be taken from the rotation axis of the Magnus cylinder.

FIG. 16 shows an example in which the above method is applied to a composite Magnus blade of a wind power generator. The Magnus cylinder 51a rotates around the fixed shaft 51b that does not rotate via the bearings 51d and 51e. The rotation force is transmitted from the drive unit 34 through the gears 31a and 51f. The front wing 200 and the rear wing 202 control the angle with respect to the wind by the support shafts 200b and 201b with the fixed shaft 51b as a fulcrum. The controller and the control driving machine are installed inside the inner fixed wing 202 and the outer fixed wing 203. In such a system, it is possible to obtain a large lift in a wide wind speed region by controlling the lift by the Magnus force and the lift of the front and rear fixed blades to the maximum with respect to the wind speed.

It is the composite Magnus wing of the present invention (part 1). It is the front view and side view of a wind power generation facility which use the composite Magnus wing of the present invention. It is a related figure of the lift of a fixed wing and a Magnus effect, and a wind speed. It is a top view and a sectional view of a compound Magnus blade for wind power generation equipment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram (the 1) of the compound Magnus wing for wind power generators of the present invention. It is a Magnus blade control system of the wind power generation equipment of the present invention. It is the lift principle of fixed wing and Magnus effect. This is a conventional Magnus type wind power generation facility (cited from US Pat. No. 4,366,386). This is a spiral fin cylindrical Magnus wing for wind power generation (development of Mekaro Akita, JP 2005-256605, 2005-256606). It is an aircraft (part 1) that employs the composite Magnus wing of the present invention. This is an aircraft (part 2) employing the composite Magnus wing of the present invention. It is the composite Magnus wing | blade (the 2) of this invention. This is an aircraft (part 3) employing the composite Magnus wing of the present invention. This is an aircraft (part 4) employing the composite Magnus wing of the present invention. It is the composite Magnus wing of the present invention (part 3). It is a schematic diagram (the 2) of the compound Magnus wing for wind power generators of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

20 Nacelle 22 Post 24 Base 28 Cover 30 Generator 31 Generator Rotating Shaft 32 Spinner 34 Magnus Blade Spinning Drive 36 Cylindrical Magnus Blade 1
38 Cylindrical Magnus Wings 2
40 Cylindrical Magnus Wings 3
44 Magnus blade sliding part (ad)
46 Spiral Fin 47 Spiral Fin Magnus Wing

51 Compound Magnus Wing 1
51a Magnus cylinder 51b Magnus cylinder rotation shaft 51c Fixed blade 51d Magnus cylinder bearing 1
51e Magnus cylindrical bearing 2
52 Compound Magnus Wings 2
52a-52e 53 Same as 51 53 Composite Magnus Wing 3
Same as 53a-53e 51 54 Composite Magnus Wing 4
Same as 54a-54e 51

100 fuselage 101 main wing 102 Magnus cylinder 102a Magnus cylinder rotation shaft 102b Magnus cylinder support bearing 103 Magnus cylinder 104 engine 105 propeller 106 rotation speed control device 107 horizontal tail 108 vertical tail 109 drive shaft 110 compound Magnus blade horizontal tail 111 compound Magnus Wing vertical tail

200 Front wing 200a Front wing rotation shaft 200b Front wing support shaft 201 Rear wing 201a Rear wing rotation shaft 201b Rear wing support shaft 202 Inner fixed wing 203 Outer fixed wing

Claims (8)

In a Magnus cylinder placed so that the axis of rotation (hereinafter referred to as rotation) is orthogonal to the direction of wind flow,
Fixed magnus characterized in that fixed wings are attached before and after the Magnus cylinder to obtain a combined lift of the magnus force generated when the Magnus cylinder rotates in the wind speed and the lift of the fixed wing due to the wind speed. Airfoil lift generator In the Magnus type wind power generator in which a plurality of Magnus cylinders that rotate by providing a rotation driving unit independently for each horizontal rotation shaft of the generator are arranged in a radial manner,
A compound Magnus wing-type wind power generator using the compound Magnus wing of claim 1 for each independently rotating Magnus cylinder In the composite Magnus wing type wind power generator,
3. A compound Magnus wing type wind power generator according to claim 2, further comprising a control mechanism for controlling the number of rotations of the wind power generator by controlling the number of rotations and direction of rotation of the compound Magnus wing cylinder. In an aircraft lift generator,
Featuring a combined Magnus wing in which one or more Magnus cylinders that rotate the generation of the lift necessary for flight are attached to the fixed wing of the aircraft to obtain a combined lift of the Magnus force and fixed wing. Magnus wing aircraft In Magnus type aircraft with Magnus wings that rotate independently on the front and rear, left and right of the fuselage,
It has a control mechanism that generates lift during take-off and landing by controlling the rotation number and rotation direction of the left and right Magnus wings, and makes it possible to raise, lower, and turn by making a difference in the lift between the front and rear and left and right Magnus wing type aircraft according to claim 4, characterized in that In the composite Magnus airfoil generator shown in claim 1,
The front and rear fixed wings of the Magnus cylinder have a mechanism that can freely change the elevation angle with respect to the direction of the wind, and the lift by the Magnus force generated when the Magnus cylinder rotates in the wind speed and the front and rear Combined Magnus Airfoil Lift Generator with Control Device that Optimizes and Controls Combined Lift with Fixed Wing Lift In the composite Magnus wing type wind power generator using the composite Magnus wing type lift generator,
The composite Magnus wing uses the composite Magnus wing lift generator of claim 6 and controls the combined lift of the composite Magnus wing by controlling both the rotation speed of the Magnus cylinder and the front and rear fixed blade elevation angles. A composite Magnus wing-type wind power generator according to claims 2 and 3 In a Magnus wing aircraft using a composite Magnus wing lift generator,
The composite Magnus wing uses the composite Magnus wing lift generator of claim 6 and controls the combined lift of the composite Magnus wing by controlling both the rotation speed of the Magnus cylinder and the front and rear fixed blade elevation angles. The Magnus wing type aircraft according to claim 4, wherein

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