JP2008100125A - Air/water separator and boiler using it - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air/water separator capable of obtaining steam having a high dryness (capable of keeping the high dryness) even if the flow speed of steam increases. <P>SOLUTION: The air/water separator 10 has a main body part 11, a steam outlet part 21 provided at the upper position of the main body part 11 and a water falling part 22 provided at the lower position of the main body part 11 and is equipped with a steam inlet part 19 provided at the lateral position of the main body part 11 and a shield part 12 provided in the vicinity of the side surface of the main body part 11 opposed to the steam inlet part 19. Further, the shield part 12 has a shape conforming to the side surface shape of the main body part 11 and an almost uniform gap is provided between the main body part 11 and the shield part 12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a steam-water separator and a boiler configured using the steam-water separator.

  Conventionally, a boiler having a can having a group of water tubes arranged in an annular shape is well known. In such a boiler, a burner (combustion device) is generally arranged at the center of the water tube group. It is installed. In the boiler according to the prior art, heat exchange is performed with the high-temperature combustion gas generated by the combustion device using each water tube surface as a heat transfer surface, and water in the water tube is heated. The water in the water pipe is heated to become steam, and the steam thus generated is taken out of the boiler via an upper header provided at an upper position of the water pipe group.

  Although it is preferable that the steam to be taken out has a high dryness, in some cases, the can water boiled in the water pipe of the boiler may be taken out together with the steam. Therefore, in a general steam boiler, a steam / water separator (steam / water separator) is provided on the downstream side of the upper header (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  The steam-water mixture generated in the water pipe is introduced into the steam-water separator via the upper header, and in this steam-water separator, the steam-water mixture is separated into steam (dry steam) and moisture. The steam separated by the steam separator is supplied to the steam use location from above the steam separator. Moreover, the water | moisture content isolate | separated with the steam-water separator is returned in a water pipe as can water from the lower part of a steam-water separator via a lower header.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-5404

  However, the steam-water separator according to the prior art has a problem that when the amount of evaporation of the boiler increases and the flow rate of the steam taken out via the upper header increases, it is impossible to obtain steam having a high dryness. It was.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and even when the steam flow rate is increased, it is possible to obtain steam having high dryness (high dryness can be maintained). It is an object to provide a steam / water separator. Moreover, this invention makes it a subject to provide the boiler comprised using this steam-water separation apparatus.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and includes a main body portion, a steam outlet portion provided at an upper position of the main body portion, and a precipitation portion provided at a lower position of the main body portion. A steam / water separator having a steam inlet provided at a side position of the main body and a shield provided near a side surface of the main body facing the steam inlet. It is a feature.

  According to such a configuration, the air / water mixture introduced from the steam inlet portion into the main body portion collides with the side surface of the main body portion facing the steam inlet portion. Instead of being rolled up as it is and taken out from the steam outlet, it once flows between the main body and the shield. That is, according to such a configuration, the air-water mixture that collides with the side surface of the main body at high speed is not directly directed to the steam outlet portion by being blocked by the shielding portion, but is vaporized by the shielding portion. It will be separated into (dry steam) and moisture. The separated steam (dry steam) goes around the shielding part and is taken out from the steam outlet part, and the separated moisture is dropped onto the precipitation part through the shielding part. As described above, the present invention has the shielding portion in the vicinity of the side surface of the main body portion facing the steam inlet portion, and thus, as described above, the air-water mixture flowing into the main body portion at high speed can be effectively reduced. It can be separated into steam and moisture.

  In the steam-water separator according to the present invention, the shielding part has a shape along a side surface shape of the main body part, and a substantially uniform gap is provided between the main body part and the shielding part. The configuration is preferable.

  Furthermore, in the steam-water separator according to the present invention, a configuration in which the main body portion has a cylindrical shape and the shielding portion is formed using a plate-like member having an arcuate cross section is preferable.

  Moreover, in the steam-water separator concerning this invention, the structure by which the baffle board orthogonal to the inflow direction of a steam is provided in the said steam outlet part vicinity is preferable.

  According to such a configuration, since the baffle plate is also provided in the vicinity of the steam outlet portion in addition to the shielding portion described above, the steam-water separation effect can be further enhanced. Specifically, a part of the steam (air / water mixture) flowing toward the steam outlet part collides with the front side of the baffle plate, and the upper position of the main body part along the wall surface of the main body part. The steam (air / water mixture) that has reached the point of contact also comes into contact with the back side of the baffle plate. That is, in this way, when the air / water mixture collides with and comes into contact with the baffle plate, the air / water mixture is separated into steam (dry steam) and moisture. Therefore, according to this preferable configuration, it is possible to more effectively separate the air / water mixture (separation of steam and moisture) by the shielding portion and the baffle plate.

  The boiler according to the present invention is made to solve the above-described problems, and is characterized by including a steam-water separator having any one of the above-described configurations.

  According to such a configuration, it is possible to obtain a boiler capable of obtaining steam having a high dryness (maintaining high dryness) even when the flow rate of steam is increased.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even if the flow velocity of a vapor | steam rises, it can obtain the steam which has high dryness (it can maintain high dryness), and can obtain a steam-water separation apparatus. Moreover, according to this invention, the boiler which can obtain the steam of high dryness can be obtained by using this steam-water separation apparatus.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.

  First, the first aspect of the present embodiment is a steam / water separator having a main body, a steam outlet provided above the main body, and a precipitation part provided below the main body. The steam inlet portion provided at a side position of the main body portion and the shielding portion provided in the vicinity of the side surface of the main body portion facing the steam inlet portion are provided.

  Further, in the first aspect, the air / water separator according to the second aspect of the present embodiment is such that the shielding portion has a shape along the side surface shape of the main body portion, and is substantially between the main body portion and the shielding portion. A uniform gap is provided.

  Furthermore, the steam-water separation device according to the third aspect of the present embodiment is a first aspect or a second aspect, in which the main body portion has a cylindrical shape and the shielding portion uses a plate-like member having an arc-shaped cross section. Is formed.

  Moreover, the steam-water separation apparatus concerning the 4th aspect of this embodiment WHEREIN: The baffle board orthogonal to the inflow direction of a steam is provided in the vapor | steam exit part vicinity in any one of a 1st aspect to a 3rd aspect.

  Next, the boiler concerning the 5th aspect of this embodiment is provided with the steam-water separator which has the structure in any one of the 1st aspect mentioned above to the 4th aspect.

<First Example>
Hereinafter, the steam-water separator and boiler according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1: has shown the schematic of the boiler provided with the steam-water separation apparatus concerning the 1st Example of this invention. In FIG. 1, the steam separator 10 is shown as a longitudinal sectional view. 2 and 3 are schematic views of the steam / water separator according to the present embodiment. Here, FIG. 2 shows an explanatory view of a longitudinal section of the steam separator according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 3 shows an explanatory view of a transverse section taken along line III-III of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, a steam take-out pipe 2 for taking out steam generated inside the boiler 1 through an upper header is provided above the boiler 1. A steam separator 10 is provided on the downstream side of the pipe 2.

  The steam-water separator 10 includes a cylindrical main body container 11 (corresponding to the “main part” of the present invention), a shielding plate 12 provided in the main body container 11 (corresponding to the “shielding part” of the present invention), a main body A steam inlet pipe 19 (corresponding to the “steam inlet part” of the present invention) provided at a side position of the container 11 and a steam outlet pipe 21 (an “steam outlet part” of the present invention) provided above the main body container 11. ) And a downcomer 22 (corresponding to the “precipitation part” of the present invention) provided at a position below the main body container 11.

  As is clear from FIG. 3 and the like, the shielding plate 12 according to the present embodiment has a shape along the side surface shape of the main body container 11, and is substantially uniform between the main body container 11 and the shielding plate 12. A gap is provided. More specifically, the shielding plate 12 is configured using a plate-like member having an arc-shaped cross section (see FIG. 3). The shielding plate 12 is attached to the inner wall surface of the main body container 11 using fixed plates 13 and 14.

  The steam inlet pipe 19 provided at a side position of the main body container 11 has one end opened in the main body container 11 and the other end connected to the steam take-out pipe 2 using a flange. In the present embodiment, the steam generated in the boiler 1 is introduced into the main body container 11 constituting the steam-water separator 10 through the steam inlet pipe 19. The steam inlet pipe 19 is attached in a slightly inclined state with respect to the main body container 11 so that the steam introduced into the main body container 11 swirls in the main body container 11. For example, the steam inlet pipe 19 is inclined and attached so that steam can be introduced in the tangential direction of the inner surface of the main body container 11.

  The steam outlet pipe 21 according to the present embodiment has a lower end attached to an upper position of the main body container 11 and an upper end communicated with a steam supply location. Further, the downcomer 22 according to the present embodiment has an upper end attached to a lower position of the main body container 11, and a lower end connected to the lower header of the boiler 1.

  Now, the steam-water separation apparatus 10 and the boiler 1 concerning a present Example are comprised as mentioned above, and have the following effects based on the structure. Hereinafter, the effects will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

  In the steam / water separator 10 according to the present embodiment, steam (gas / water mixture) generated in the boiler 1 passes through the upper header, the steam take-out pipe 2, and the steam inlet pipe 19 in the main body container 11. Introduced into. Then, the air / water mixture introduced into the main body container 11 swirls within the main body container 11.

  When the air / water mixture is swirled in the main body container 11, the moisture B having a large specific gravity is dropped downward along the inner wall of the main body container 11 by centrifugal force and gravity. In this way, the water B separated from the air-water mixture is returned to the water pipe as can water through the downcomer 22 and the lower header of the boiler 1.

  Further, by rotating the air / water mixture in the main body container 11, most of the water (saturated water) is separated (gravity separation), and as a result, the vapor is separated from the air / water mixture. The separated steam flows upward in the central portion of the main body container 11, and the upward steam C is sent to the steam supply location via the steam outlet pipe 21.

  Furthermore, a part of the air / water mixture introduced into the main body container 11 (air / air mixture A) was provided at a position facing the steam inlet pipe 19 (position opposite to 180 degrees) while swirling. It introduce | transduces into the clearance gap area 15 between the shielding board 12 and the main body container 11 wall surface. According to such a configuration, since the movement of the fluid is suppressed by the shielding plate 12, the air / water mixture (steam containing moisture) that has bounced off the wall surface of the main body container 11 is directly used as the steam outlet. There is no flow out of the tube 21.

  That is, according to the present embodiment, the air / water mixture introduced into the main body container 11 from the steam inlet pipe 19 collides with the side surface of the main body container 11 facing the steam inlet pipe 19. The air-fuel mixture is not rolled up and taken out from the vapor outlet pipe 21 but once flows between the main body container 11 and the shielding plate 12. That is, according to such a configuration, the air / water mixture A that collides with the side surface of the main body container 11 at a high speed is blocked by the shielding plate 12, so that it does not go directly to the steam outlet pipe 21 but the shielding plate 12. By this, it is separated into steam (dry steam) and moisture. The separated steam (dry steam) goes around the shielding plate 12 and is taken out from the steam outlet pipe 21, and the separated moisture D drops along the shielding plate 12 to the precipitation pipe 22. Since the present embodiment thus has the shielding plate 12 in the vicinity of the side surface of the main body container 11 facing the steam inlet pipe 19, as described above, the air / water mixture flowing into the main body container 11 at high speed is effective. Therefore, it can be separated into steam and moisture.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the shielding plate 12 is not installed in the vicinity of the steam inlet pipe 19, but in the main body container 11, the position farthest from the steam inlet pipe 19 (at the place where the steam inlet pipe 19 is installed). A shielding plate 12 is provided in the vicinity of the side surface of the opposing main body container 11. That is, the shielding plate 12 according to the present embodiment is not provided at a location that blocks the shortest distance between the steam inlet pipe 19 and the steam outlet pipe 21 and does not hinder the flow of steam, and thus is taken out from the steam outlet pipe 21. The pressure loss of the generated steam (dry steam) can be minimized.

  As described above, according to this embodiment, it is possible to perform air / water separation using the shielding plate 12 in addition to air / water separation by centrifugal force and gravity. In particular, even when a large amount of steam is generated in the boiler 1 (the amount of evaporation increases) and high-speed steam (steam containing saturated water) is introduced from the steam inlet pipe 19, the shielding plate 12 is provided. Therefore, the steam-water separation process can be efficiently performed while suppressing the rebound of the steam. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the steam-water separator 10 that can obtain steam having a high dryness (a high dryness can be maintained) even if the flow rate of the steam is increased. . Moreover, the boiler 1 which can obtain highly dry steam can be obtained by using this steam separator 10.

<Second Example>
Next, a steam-water separator and boiler according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 4: has shown the schematic of the boiler provided with the steam-water separation apparatus concerning the 2nd Example of this invention. In FIG. 4, the steam separator 40 is shown as a longitudinal sectional view. 5 and 6 are schematic views of the steam-water separator according to the present embodiment. Here, FIG. 5 shows an explanatory view of a longitudinal section of the steam separator according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 6 shows an explanatory view of a transverse section taken along line VI-VI of FIG.

  In the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. In the following description, components that are different from those in the first embodiment are mainly described. Do.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in this embodiment, a steam take-out pipe 2 for taking out steam generated in the boiler 1 through an upper header is provided at an upper position of the boiler 1. A steam separator 40 is provided on the downstream side of the pipe 2.

  The steam / water separator 40 includes a cylindrical main body container 41 (corresponding to the “main part” of the present invention), a shielding plate 12 provided in the main body container 41 (corresponding to the “shielding part” of the present invention), a main body A steam inlet pipe 19 (corresponding to the “steam inlet part” of the present invention) provided at a side position of the container 41 and a steam outlet pipe 21 (an “steam outlet part” of the present invention) provided above the main body container 41. ), The downcomer pipe 22 (corresponding to the “precipitating part” of the present invention) provided at the lower position of the main body container 41, the baffle plate 47 provided in the vicinity of the steam outlet pipe 21 in the main body container 41, and the like. Configured.

  In the steam-water separator 40 according to the present embodiment, a vertical pipe 46 protruding into the main body container 41 is provided at a position below the steam outlet pipe 21, and the vertical pipe 46 has a direction in which steam flows. An orthogonal baffle plate 47 is provided.

  In addition, about the main body container 11, the shielding board 12, the steam inlet pipe 19, and the steam outlet pipe 21, it has the structure and function similar to 1st embodiment.

  Now, the steam-water separation apparatus 40 and the boiler 1 according to the present embodiment are configured as described above, and have the following effects based on the configuration. Hereinafter, the function and effect will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6. Since the steam-water separator 40 according to the present embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the vertical pipe 46 and the baffle plate 47 are provided, the operation and effects based on these components will be mainly described.

  In the steam / water separator 40 according to the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the steam (gas / water mixture) generated in the boiler 1 is converted into the upper header, the steam outlet pipe 2, and the steam inlet pipe 19. Is introduced into the main body container 11. Then, the air / water mixture introduced into the main body container 11 swirls within the main body container 11.

  When the air / water mixture is swirled in the main body container 11, the moisture B having a large specific gravity is dropped downward along the inner wall of the main body container 11 by centrifugal force and gravity. In this way, the water B separated from the air-water mixture is returned to the water pipe as can water through the downcomer 22 and the lower header of the boiler 1.

  Further, by rotating the air / water mixture in the main body container 11, most of the water (saturated water) is separated (gravity separation), and as a result, the vapor is separated from the air / water mixture. The separated steam flows upward in the central portion of the main body container 11, and the upward steam C is sent to the steam supply location via the vertical pipe 46 and the steam outlet pipe 21.

  By the way, according to the present embodiment, of the steam that has flowed upward, the steam that flows outside the steam outlet pipe 21 collides with the front side of the baffle plate 47 or on the back side of the baffle plate 47. It will go around. Even if it collides with the front side of the baffle plate 47 or wraps around the back side of the baffle plate 47, the steam comes into contact with the outer side surface of the vertical pipe 46 and at least one of the baffle plates 47, and this contact As a result, steam-water separation is promoted.

  That is, the steam E separated from the steam after coming into contact with the baffle plate 47 and the like goes around the baffle plate 47 and the vertical pipe 46 and is sent to the steam supply location via the vertical pipe 46 and the steam outlet pipe 21. . On the other hand, the water F that has been separated from the air is dropped onto the downcomer 22 through at least one of the vertical pipe 46 and the baffle plate 47 (see FIG. 5).

  The steam-water separator 40 according to the present embodiment includes the vertical pipe 46 and the baffle plate 47 having the functions described above, and also includes the shielding plate 12 described in the first embodiment. Therefore, according to the present Example, the steam-water separation process of the steam taken out from the boiler 1 can be performed more effectively by using these.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to perform air / water separation using the shielding plate 12 and air / water separation using the baffle plate 47 and the like in addition to air / water separation by centrifugal force and gravity. is there. In particular, even when a large amount of steam is generated in the boiler 1 (the amount of evaporation increases) and high-speed steam (steam containing saturated water) is introduced from the steam inlet pipe 19, the shield plate 12 is provided. Therefore, the steam-water separation process can be efficiently performed while suppressing the rebound of the steam. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the steam-water separator 40 that can obtain steam having a high dryness (a high dryness can be maintained) even if the flow rate of the steam is increased. . Moreover, the boiler 1 which can obtain the steam of high dryness can be obtained by using this steam separator 40.

<Other examples>
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and examples, and various modifications can be made as necessary within a range that can be adapted to the spirit of the present invention. Both are included in the technical scope of the present invention.

  In the said Example, although the shielding plate 12 demonstrated the case where it comprised using the plate-shaped member of cross-sectional arc shape (semicircle shape), this invention is not limited to this structure. Therefore, the present invention has a configuration in which the shielding plate is provided in the vicinity of the side surface of the main body container facing the steam inlet pipe 19 (where the shielding plate blocks the shortest distance between the steam inlet pipe 19 and the steam outlet pipe 21). The shape is not limited to a semicircular shape, and may be any shape as long as it conforms to the side surface (wall surface) shape of the main body container.

It is the schematic of the boiler provided with the steam-water separator concerning the first example of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the longitudinal cross-section of the steam-water separation apparatus concerning 1st Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the cross section which follows the III-III line of FIG. It is the schematic of the boiler provided with the steam-water separator concerning the 2nd example of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the longitudinal cross-section of the steam-water separation apparatus concerning the 2nd Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the cross section which follows the VI-VI line of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Boiler 2 ... Steam extraction pipe | tube 10 ... Air-water separator 11 ... Main body container 12 ... Shielding board 13,14 ... Fixed plate 15 ... Crevice area 19 ... Steam inlet pipe 21 ... Steam outlet pipe 22 ... Precipitation pipe 40 ... Air water Separation device 41 ... Main body container 46 ... Vertical pipe 47 ... Baffle plate

Claims (5)

A steam separator having a main body, a steam outlet provided at an upper position of the main body, and a precipitation part provided at a lower position of the main body,
An air-water separator comprising: a steam inlet portion provided at a side position of the main body portion; and a shielding portion provided near a side surface of the main body portion facing the steam inlet portion. The shielding portion has a shape along a side surface shape of the body portion;
The steam-water separator according to claim 1, wherein a substantially uniform gap is provided between the main body portion and the shielding portion. The main body has a cylindrical shape;
The steam-water separator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the shielding part is formed using a plate-like member having an arcuate cross section. The steam-water separator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a baffle plate perpendicular to the inflow direction of steam is provided in the vicinity of the steam outlet. The boiler provided with the steam-water separation apparatus of any one of Claim 1 to 4.

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