JP2008093490A - Method for adsorbing sulfur oxide - Google Patents

Method for adsorbing sulfur oxide Download PDF

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JP2008093490A
JP2008093490A JP2006177884A JP2006177884A JP2008093490A JP 2008093490 A JP2008093490 A JP 2008093490A JP 2006177884 A JP2006177884 A JP 2006177884A JP 2006177884 A JP2006177884 A JP 2006177884A JP 2008093490 A JP2008093490 A JP 2008093490A
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mercury
sulfurous acid
acid gas
gas
sodium percarbonate
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Akito Matsuyama
明人 松山
Kazuo Okada
和夫 岡田
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ES KK
NAT INST FOR MINAMATA DISEASE
NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR MINAMATA DISEASE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT
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ES KK
NAT INST FOR MINAMATA DISEASE
NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR MINAMATA DISEASE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for adsorbing and removing gaseous sulfur dioxide from air, exhaust gas or the like, particularly, a method for adsorbing and removing gaseous sulfur dioxide and gaseous mercury separately when gaseous mercury is mixed. <P>SOLUTION: Gaseous sulfur dioxide can be adsorbed and removed by bringing sodium percarbonate into contact with air, exhaust gas or the like in which gaseous sulfur dioxide is contained. When gaseous mercury is contained, a gaseous mercury adsorption apparatus is arranged in the succeeding stage since gaseous sulfur dioxide is removed but gaseous mercury passes. As a result, gaseous sulfur dioxide and gaseous mercury can be adsorbed and removed separately. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、空気中或いは排気ガス等に含まれる亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物を吸着して除去する方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for adsorbing and removing sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas contained in air or exhaust gas.

亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物を効率的に除去する方法として、石灰石を粉砕・整粒してできた炭酸カルシウムを使用する方法が用いられてきた。これら従来法は、排気ガスや空気中の亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物を大気放出基準以下にまで除去できる点では、非常に優れた方法である。また、副成物としてできる石膏は、石膏ボードやセメントの原料として有効活用されている点も大いに評価できる。   As a method for efficiently removing sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas, a method using calcium carbonate obtained by grinding and sizing limestone has been used. These conventional methods are very excellent in that sulfur oxides such as exhaust gas and sulfurous acid gas in the air can be removed below the atmospheric emission standard. In addition, gypsum made as a by-product can be highly evaluated for its effective use as a raw material for gypsum board and cement.

しかしながら、上記従来技術は湿式法であり、大量の石膏を生じるのが重大な問題である。石膏は、天然産の石膏と、化学工業等から製出する化学石膏とに大別される。諸外国では天然産の石膏が主として使われているのに対し、日本では大量に生じる化学石膏の有効活用のため、大半は化学石膏が使われている。   However, the above prior art is a wet method, and it is a serious problem to generate a large amount of gypsum. Gypsum is roughly classified into natural gypsum and chemical gypsum produced from the chemical industry. In other countries, natural gypsum is mainly used, whereas in Japan, chemical gypsum is mostly used to effectively use large amounts of chemical gypsum.

一方、近年国内の石膏ボードだけでも、廃棄物量として100万トン/年以上廃棄されており、埋立処分場の確保が課題になっている。また、処分場からの硫化水素の発生を防ぐため、米国各州では石膏ボードの埋立処分を禁止する動きが広まっているし、EUではより厳しい埋立基準規制が敷かれている。これを受け、わが国でも規制強化される可能性がある。   On the other hand, in recent years, domestic gypsum boards alone have been disposed of over 1 million tons / year as waste, and securing landfill sites has become a challenge. In addition, in order to prevent the generation of hydrogen sulfide from the disposal site, there is a widespread movement to prohibit the disposal of gypsum board in the US states, and the EU has stricter landfill standard regulations. In response, there is a possibility that regulations will be tightened in Japan.

本発明は前記各問題点を解決するためになされたものであり、空気や排気ガス等から亜硫酸ガスを効率的かつ効果的に吸着して除去し、廃棄物総量を抑制する方法を提供することを目的としている。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and provides a method for efficiently and effectively adsorbing and removing sulfurous acid gas from air, exhaust gas, etc., and reducing the total amount of waste. It is an object.

前記課題を解決するために、本発明は、空気や排気ガス等から亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物を効率的かつ効果的に除去すると共に、廃棄物総量を抑制するため、過炭酸ナトリウムを用いた、乾式の亜硫酸ガス除去方法を特徴としている。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention uses sodium percarbonate to efficiently and effectively remove sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas from air and exhaust gas and to suppress the total amount of waste. It features a dry sulfurous acid gas removal method.

本発明によれば、亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物を吸着した吸着剤(硫酸ナトリウム)は水に溶かし、必要に応じて塩酸、酢酸等でpH調整して放流することにより、亜硫酸ガス処理に伴う副産物の発生量を、従来法の1割以下と大幅に削減できる。   According to the present invention, the adsorbent adsorbing sulfur oxide such as sulfurous acid gas (sodium sulfate) is dissolved in water and adjusted to pH with hydrochloric acid, acetic acid or the like as necessary, and discharged, thereby accompanying sulfurous acid gas treatment. The amount of by-products generated can be significantly reduced to less than 10% of the conventional method.

本発明によれば、亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物を効率的かつ効果的に除去することができ、且つ生成副産物量を従来法の1割以下に抑えられる。さらに、水銀含有物の処理時には水銀ガスも発生するが、亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物と分別して除去回収できる。   According to the present invention, sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas can be efficiently and effectively removed, and the amount of produced by-products can be suppressed to 10% or less of the conventional method. Furthermore, mercury gas is also generated during the treatment of mercury-containing materials, but can be removed and recovered separately from sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas.

本発明の実施の一形態について、詳細に説明する。   An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物を含む空気或いは排気ガス等を、過炭酸ナトリウムを充填した槽を通過させることにより、亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物を吸着除去する方法である。なお、槽内に充填する過炭酸ナトリウムは、主成分が過炭酸ナトリウムであればよい。   This is a method of adsorbing and removing sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas by passing air or exhaust gas containing sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas through a tank filled with sodium percarbonate. In addition, the sodium percarbonate with which a tank is filled should just be a sodium percarbonate as a main component.

以上、本発明について、好適な実施形態の一例を説明した。しかし、本発明は、前記実施形態に限られず、過炭酸ナトリウムへの吸着方法については、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で、適宜設計変更が可能である。
[亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物吸着除去方法]
本発明による亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物の吸着除去方法は、亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物除去工程と水銀ガス除去工程に大別される。
(1)亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物除去工程
本工程は、亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物を含む空気、排気ガス等を、過炭酸ナトリウム等を充填した槽等にて過炭酸ナトリウム等と接触させることにより、乾式で、亜硫酸ガスを吸着除去する工程である。予め水銀ガスを含んでいないことが明らかな場合には、本工程のみでも十分である。
(2)水銀ガス吸着除去工程
本工程は、亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物と水銀ガスの混在が予想される場合に有効な工程であり、前記過炭酸ナトリウムで亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物を吸着除去させた空気、排気ガス等を水銀吸着剤に接触させて、水銀ガスを吸着除去する工程である。水銀ガスの吸着除去法は、従来法でも対応可能である。また、水銀は金属水銀として回収し、再利用することも可能である。
[亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物の吸着除去方法のメカニズム]
次に、本発明による亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物の吸着除去方法のメカニズムを、亜硫酸ガスを事例として説明する。
Heretofore, an example of a preferred embodiment has been described for the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the design of the adsorption method for sodium percarbonate can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
[Sulfur oxide adsorption removal method such as sulfurous acid gas]
The method for adsorbing and removing sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas according to the present invention is roughly divided into a sulfur oxide removing process such as sulfurous acid gas and a mercury gas removing process.
(1) Sulfur oxide removal process such as sulfurous acid gas In this process, air containing sulfur oxide such as sulfurous acid gas, exhaust gas, etc. are brought into contact with sodium percarbonate etc. in a tank filled with sodium percarbonate etc. This is a process of adsorbing and removing sulfurous acid gas in a dry manner. If it is clear that no mercury gas is contained in advance, this step alone is sufficient.
(2) Mercury gas adsorption and removal process This process is effective when sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas and mercury gas are expected to be mixed, and adsorbs sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas with sodium percarbonate. In this process, the removed air, exhaust gas, etc. are brought into contact with the mercury adsorbent to remove the mercury gas by adsorption. The conventional method can be used for the adsorption removal method of mercury gas. Mercury can also be recovered as metal mercury and reused.
[Mechanism of adsorption removal of sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas]
Next, the mechanism of the method for adsorbing and removing sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas according to the present invention will be described using sulfurous acid gas as an example.

1モルの亜硫酸ガスと1モルの過炭酸ナトリウムが接触すると、反応して1モルの硫酸ナトリウムを生成して中和する。その他生成物としては、水、炭酸ガス、酸素がある。なお、水銀ガスが混在していても、過炭酸ナトリウムは水銀ガスと反応しないので、次工程で水銀を吸着除去回収できる。また、硫酸ナトリウムは、水溶性だから容易に水に溶ける。つまり、亜硫酸ガスを吸着した亜硫酸ガス吸着剤(硫酸ナトリウム)を水に溶かし、必要に応じて塩酸、酢酸等でpH調整して放流することにより、亜硫酸ガス処理に伴う副産物は殆ど生じさせないようにできる。
When 1 mol of sulfurous acid gas and 1 mol of sodium percarbonate come into contact with each other, they react to produce 1 mol of sodium sulfate and neutralize. Other products include water, carbon dioxide and oxygen. Even if mercury gas is mixed, sodium percarbonate does not react with mercury gas, so mercury can be removed by adsorption in the next step. Moreover, since sodium sulfate is water-soluble, it is easily dissolved in water. In other words, by dissolving the sulfurous acid gas adsorbent (sodium sulfate) adsorbing sulfurous acid gas in water, adjusting the pH with hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, etc. as necessary, and discharging it, almost no by-products associated with sulfurous acid gas treatment are generated. it can.

[第1実施例]
本発明の亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物の吸着方法の効果を確認するため、表1に示す処理条件により、工業用硫化鉄を加熱して亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物を発生させ、スクラバーのpH変化を把握した。その結果、300℃、45分加熱で、硫化鉄に含まれる硫黄の0.5%程度が亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物に加熱変性したものと推定された。なお、一般的には、硫化鉄は300℃程度の加熱では亜硫酸ガス等に変性しないとされているが、僅かずつではあるが亜硫酸ガス等に加熱変性すること、加熱温度が高い方が亜硫酸ガス等の発生量も多いことが明らかになった。
[First embodiment]
In order to confirm the effect of the method for adsorbing sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas of the present invention, industrial iron sulfide is heated under the treatment conditions shown in Table 1 to generate sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas, and the scrubber pH I grasped the change. As a result, it was estimated that about 0.5% of the sulfur contained in iron sulfide was heated and modified to sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas by heating at 300 ° C for 45 minutes. In general, it is said that iron sulfide is not denatured into sulfurous acid gas or the like when heated at about 300 ° C., but is slightly denatured by heating to sulfurous acid gas or the like, and the higher the heating temperature, the sulfurous acid gas. It became clear that the amount of generation was also large.

Figure 2008093490
[第2実施例]
本発明の亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物の吸着方法の効果を確認するため、表2に示す処理条件により試薬用硫化鉄を加熱して亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物を発生させ、スクラバーのpH変化を把握した。その結果、試薬の硫化鉄でも工業用の硫化鉄と同様に、亜硫酸ガスが生成されることが明らかになった。
Figure 2008093490
[Second Embodiment]
In order to confirm the effect of the adsorption method of sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas of the present invention, the iron sulfide for reagents is heated under the treatment conditions shown in Table 2 to generate sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas, and the pH change of the scrubber I figured out. As a result, it has been clarified that sulfur sulfide gas is produced in the reagent iron sulfide as well as industrial iron sulfide.

Figure 2008093490
[第3実施例]
本発明の亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物の吸着方法の効果を確認するため、表3に示す処理条件により、各種亜硫酸ガス吸着剤と工業用硫化鉄との混合物を加熱して、スクラバーのpH変化を把握した。その結果、消石灰、炭酸ナトリウムも亜硫酸ガス吸着効果はあるものの、大幅な効果は期待できないこと、過炭酸ナトリウムは消石灰、炭酸ナトリウムに比べ、大幅な効果が期待できることが明らかになった。
Figure 2008093490
[Third embodiment]
In order to confirm the effect of the method for adsorbing sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas of the present invention, the mixture of various sulfurous acid gas adsorbents and industrial iron sulfide was heated according to the treatment conditions shown in Table 3 to change the pH of the scrubber. I figured out. As a result, it was revealed that slaked lime and sodium carbonate also have a sulfurous acid adsorption effect, but a significant effect cannot be expected, and that sodium percarbonate can be expected to have a significant effect compared to slaked lime and sodium carbonate.

Figure 2008093490
[第4実施例]
本発明の亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物の吸着方法の効果を確認するため、表4に示す処理条件により硫化鉄を加熱して亜硫酸ガス等を発生させ、亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物の吸着剤として過炭酸ナトリウムを詰めたカラムを通過させ、スクラバーのpH変化を把握した。その結果、過炭酸ナトリウムにより、亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物は殆ど吸着されていることが明らかになった。
Figure 2008093490
[Fourth embodiment]
In order to confirm the effect of the method for adsorbing sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas of the present invention, iron sulfide is heated under the treatment conditions shown in Table 4 to generate sulfurous acid gas and the like, and an adsorbent for sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas And passed through a column packed with sodium percarbonate, and the pH change of the scrubber was grasped. As a result, it was revealed that sulfur oxide such as sulfurous acid gas was almost adsorbed by sodium percarbonate.

Figure 2008093490
[第5実施例]
本発明の亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物の吸着方法の効果を確認するため、表5に示す処理条件により、水銀含有廃棄物及び硫化鉄を加熱して水銀ガス及び亜硫酸ガス等を発生させ、過炭酸ナトリウムを詰めたカラムを通過させ、スクラバーのpH変化を把握すると共に、水銀の収支を調べた。水銀収支の結果は、表6に示すように91%がスクラバーで回収され、過炭酸ナトリウムへの吸着量は微量であることが明らかになった。つまり、亜硫酸ガスは過炭酸ナトリウムに、水銀ガスは酸性過マンガン酸カリウム溶液入りスクラバーにて選別して吸着できることが明らかになった。なお、本実施例では、水銀は酸性過マンガン酸カリウム溶液入りスクラバーにて回収したが、その他の水銀吸着剤を使うことも可能である。
Figure 2008093490
[Fifth embodiment]
In order to confirm the effect of the method for adsorbing sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas of the present invention, mercury-containing waste and iron sulfide are heated to generate mercury gas and sulfurous acid gas under the treatment conditions shown in Table 5, The column was filled with sodium carbonate, and the pH change of the scrubber was grasped and the balance of mercury was examined. As a result of mercury balance, as shown in Table 6, it was found that 91% was recovered by the scrubber and the amount of adsorption to sodium percarbonate was very small. In other words, it was revealed that sulfurous acid gas can be adsorbed to sodium percarbonate and mercury gas can be selected and adsorbed by a scrubber containing an acidic potassium permanganate solution. In this example, mercury was recovered with a scrubber containing an acidic potassium permanganate solution, but other mercury adsorbents can also be used.

Figure 2008093490
Figure 2008093490

Figure 2008093490
Figure 2008093490

本発明は、燃料、廃棄物等の燃焼時に発生する亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物の吸着剤、大気中に含まれる亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物の吸着剤として、非常に好適である。それ以外、水銀汚染土壌処理、水銀含有廃棄物処理、水銀含有製品製造、或いは水銀精製等に伴って生じる亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物と水銀ガスを含む処理ガスから、亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物と水銀を分別吸着除去する方法、或いはスクラバー水の酸性化を抑制する方法としても、適用可能であることは言うまでもない。   INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is very suitable as an adsorbent for sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas generated during combustion of fuels and wastes, and as an adsorbent for sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas contained in the atmosphere. In addition, sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas from sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas and mercury gas generated by mercury contaminated soil treatment, mercury-containing waste treatment, mercury-containing product manufacturing, or mercury purification, etc. Needless to say, it can also be applied as a method for separating and removing mercury and mercury or a method for suppressing the acidification of scrubber water.

また、自動車等のエンジンから発生する亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物の吸着方法としても、適用可能であることは言うまでもない。   Moreover, it cannot be overemphasized that it is applicable also as an adsorption method of sulfur oxides, such as sulfurous acid gas generated from engines, such as a car.

Claims (4)

空気中に含まれる亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物を過炭酸ナトリウムを用いて効率的に吸着除去することを特徴とする硫黄酸化物の吸着方法。 A sulfur oxide adsorption method, wherein sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas contained in the air are efficiently adsorbed and removed using sodium percarbonate. 燃料、廃棄物等の燃焼時に発生する亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物を過炭酸ナトリウムを用いて効率的に吸着除去することを特徴とする硫黄酸化物の吸着方法。 A sulfur oxide adsorption method, wherein sulfur oxides such as sulfurous acid gas generated during combustion of fuel, waste, etc. are efficiently adsorbed and removed using sodium percarbonate. 水銀汚染土壌処理、水銀含有廃棄物処理、水銀含有製品製造、或いは水銀精製等に伴って生じる水銀ガスと亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物が混在する処理ガスや排気ガスの内、亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物を過炭酸ナトリウムを用いて効率的に吸着除去し、次いで前記水銀ガスを水銀ガス吸着剤等で吸着除去することを特徴とする硫黄酸化物の吸着方法。 Sulfur such as sulfurous acid gas among the processing gas and exhaust gas mixed with sulfur oxides such as mercury gas and sulfurous acid gas generated by mercury-contaminated soil treatment, mercury-containing waste treatment, mercury-containing product manufacturing, or mercury purification A method for adsorbing sulfur oxide, characterized in that an oxide is efficiently adsorbed and removed using sodium percarbonate, and then the mercury gas is adsorbed and removed with a mercury gas adsorbent or the like. 亜硫酸ガス等の硫黄酸化物を吸着した過炭酸ナトリウムを水に溶かし、中和して排水することにより廃棄物量を減容化することを特徴とする方法。 A method of reducing the volume of waste by dissolving sodium percarbonate adsorbing sulfur oxide such as sulfurous acid gas in water, neutralizing and draining.
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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105233687A (en) * 2015-10-21 2016-01-13 华北电力大学(保定) Method for removing elemental mercury in coal-fired flue gas
CN113101978A (en) * 2021-04-12 2021-07-13 上海三融环保工程有限公司 Desulfurization catalyst applied to cement plant and preparation method thereof

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