JP2008082296A - Test device of turbocharger - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a test device of a turbocharger capable of testing the turbocharger by easily adjusting the number of revolutions of the turbocharger to a predetermined value. <P>SOLUTION: This test device of a turbocharger 12 is provided with: a combustor 24 generating a combustion gas and supplying the generated combustion gas to a turbine 14; a combustion air flow control valve 30 controlling the flow rate of air for combustion fed to the combustor 24; a compressor discharge flow control valve 34 controlling the flow rate of the air discharged from a compressor 16; a revolution number detection means 46 detecting the number of revolutions of the turbocharger 12; and a flow control valve control means 40 feedback-controlling the opening of the combustion air flow control valve 30 to make the number of revolutions of the turbocharger 12 detected by the revolution number detection means 46 coincide with a predetermined value in a state where the opening of the compressor discharge flow control valve 34 is fixed at a predetermined value. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a turbocharger test apparatus, and more particularly to a turbocharger test apparatus capable of obtaining data with a constant rotation speed of the turbocharger.

  In order to investigate the performance and function of the turbocharger, a turbocharger test apparatus has been used conventionally. For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a turbocharger testing apparatus that supplies a high-temperature combustion gas to drive a turbocharger to be tested. In this device, the middle of the path for supplying the high-temperature combustion gas generated in the combustor to the turbine chamber of the turbocharger to be tested and the middle of the path for sending the combustion gas discharged from the turbine chamber to the outside communicate with each other. The flow rate of the combustion gas flowing through this communication path can be adjusted.

JP-A-10-196383

  By the way, in the turbocharger test, various data may be obtained by matching the rotation speed of the turbocharger with a predetermined value. Therefore, a mechanism that easily matches the rotation speed of the turbocharger to a predetermined value is desired.

  However, although the device described in Patent Document 1 has a mechanism for adjusting the flow rate of the combustion gas supplied to the turbine, it does not have a mechanism for matching the rotational speed of the turbocharger to a predetermined value. .

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a turbocharger testing apparatus that makes it possible to easily adjust the number of revolutions of a turbocharger to a predetermined value for testing.

  In order to achieve the above object, a turbocharger test apparatus according to the present invention is a turbocharger test apparatus in which a turbine and a compressor are coaxially connected to each other to generate combustion gas, and the generated combustion gas is used as the turbine. , A combustion air flow rate control valve that controls the flow rate of combustion air sent to the combustor, a compressor discharge flow rate control valve that controls the flow rate of air discharged from the compressor, and the turbo The rotational speed detection means for detecting the rotational speed of the charger, and the rotational speed of the turbocharger detected by the rotational speed detection means in a state where the opening degree of the compressor discharge flow rate control valve is fixed at a predetermined opening degree. Flow rate control valve control means for feedback controlling the opening degree of the combustion air flow rate control valve so as to match the value. And butterflies.

  According to the above configuration, in a state where the opening of the compressor discharge flow rate control valve is fixed to a predetermined opening, the combustion is performed so that the rotation speed of the turbocharger detected by the rotation speed detection means matches a predetermined value. Since the opening degree of the air flow control valve is feedback-controlled, the combustion air flow control valve can be automatically controlled to easily adjust the rotation speed of the turbocharger to a predetermined value.

  In addition, the turbocharger test apparatus includes a fuel control valve that adjusts an amount of fuel supplied to the combustor, temperature detection means that detects a temperature of combustion gas supplied to the turbine, and a compressor discharge In a state where the opening degree of the flow control valve is fixed at a predetermined opening degree, the opening degree of the fuel control valve is feedback-controlled so that the temperature of the combustion gas detected by the temperature detecting means matches a predetermined value. And a fuel control valve control means. Thereby, the temperature of the combustion gas is easily adjusted to a predetermined value.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a turbocharger test apparatus (hereinafter referred to as a test apparatus) 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  A turbocharger 12 serving as a specimen used for a test in the test apparatus 10 includes a turbine 14 and a compressor 16. The wheel 18 of the turbine 14 is coaxially connected to the impeller 22 of the compressor 16 via a shaft 20 supported by a bearing. Although not shown, an oil supply unit that supplies oil to the shaft 20 is provided.

  The test apparatus 10 has a combustor 24 for supplying combustion gas to the turbine 14. The combustor 24 is provided at the upstream end of the combustion gas supply passage GS. An air supply passage AS and a fuel supply passage FS are connected to the upstream side of the combustor 24. Air in the atmosphere is introduced into the air supply passage AS from the air source 26 (arrow a1 in FIG. 1). In the present embodiment, the air source 26 is a compressor, and air is supplied from the air source 26 at a predetermined pressure. The flow rate of combustion air sent from the air source 26 to the combustor 24 is adjusted by the first control valve 30. The first control valve 30 corresponds to the combustion air flow rate control valve of the present invention. On the other hand, fuel is introduced into the fuel supply passage FS from a fuel supply unit 28 comprising a fuel tank and a pump for supplying fuel at a predetermined pressure. The amount of fuel (arrow a2 in the figure) supplied from the fuel supply unit 28 to the combustor 24 is adjusted by the second control valve 32. The second control valve 32 corresponds to the fuel control valve of the present invention. In addition, although the fuel used in this embodiment is a liquid fuel, other types of fuel may be used.

  The ignition means provided in the combustor 24 ignites an air-fuel mixture composed of air supplied through the air supply passage AS and fuel supplied through the fuel supply passage FS. The entire amount of the combustion gas generated in the combustor 24 is supplied to the turbine 14 via the combustion gas supply passage GS (arrow a3 in the figure). That is, the combustor 24 generates combustion gas and supplies the generated combustion gas to the turbine 14. The combustion gas that gives the rotational driving force to the wheel 18 of the turbine 14 is released to the atmosphere through the combustion gas exhaust passage GE (arrow a4 in the figure).

  On the other hand, when the wheel 18 of the turbine 14 rotates, the impeller 22 of the compressor 16 connected coaxially rotates. The compressor 16 takes in air from the outside based on the rotational driving force of the wheel 18 and discharges the introduced air. Air is introduced (sucked) into the compressor 16 connected to the turbine 14 via the air introduction passage AI (arrow a5 in the figure). Then, the compressed air is sent out (discharged) through the air delivery passage AD connected to the downstream side of the compressor 16 (arrow a6 in the figure). In order to adjust and control the flow rate of the air discharged from the compressor 16, a third control valve 34 is provided in the air delivery passage AD. In addition, the 3rd control valve 34 is a manual type in this embodiment, and respond | corresponds to the compressor discharge flow control valve of this invention.

  Note that each of the first control valve 30 and the second control valve 32 can be independently controlled. Each of the first control valve 30 and the second control valve 32 can be controlled manually or automatically. The first control valve 30 and the second control valve 32 have a jog dial function, and can be smoothly switched to either the manual operation or the automatic operation. In the present embodiment, for example, when any of the valves 30 and 32 is operated by the operator when the valves 30 and 32 are automatically operated, the automatic control is canceled and the operator's manual operation is performed. Smooth switching to operation (manual control). Each of the first control valve 30 and the second control valve 32 is integrally provided with an actuator for adjusting the opening degree and a position sensor for detecting the opening degree.

  The test apparatus 10 includes a control device 40 for controlling the first and second control valves 30 and 32 and the like. The control device 40 includes a computer including a CPU, ROM, RAM, A / D converter, input interface, output interface, and the like. The input interface includes a position sensor for detecting the opening degree of the first control valve 30, a position sensor for detecting the opening degree of the second control valve 32, and downstream of the first control valve 30 in the air supply passage AS. A flow meter 42 for detecting the air flow rate and thus the flow rate of the combustion gas, a temperature sensor 44 for detecting the temperature of the combustion gas provided in the combustion gas supply passage GS, and the turbocharger 12. , A rotational speed sensor 46 for detecting the rotational speed of the turbocharger 12, a flow meter 48 for detecting the air flow rate of the compressor 16 provided in the air introduction passage AI, and a discharge from the compressor 16. A pressure sensor 50 for detecting the pressure of the air, that is, the outlet pressure is electrically connected. Based on output signals (detection signals) from these various sensors, the control device 40 electrically outputs signals from the output interface to the first control valve 30 and the second control valve 32 according to a preset program. Then, the rotation speed of the turbocharger 12 and the temperature of the combustion gas are adjusted. However, the opening degree of the first control valve 30 and the second control valve 32 is adjusted by each actuator that is integrated with each other and that is controlled by an output signal from the control device 40. In the present embodiment, the flow meters 42 and 48 are orifice flow meters.

  Note that the control device 40 operates according to an instruction from the outside. Specifically, the control device 40 controls the first control valve 30 and the second control valve 32 when a switch (not shown) is turned on by an operator or the like with the power turned on.

  FIG. 2 shows an example of the relationship between the air flow rate of the compressor 16 (compressor air flow rate) and the load of the compressor 16 (compressor load) when the rotation speed of the turbocharger 12 is constant. When the compressor air flow rate is simply increased in the state at the operating point α on the line L in FIG. 2, for example, the state shifts to the state at the operating point β, and the rotational speed of the turbocharger 12 cannot be kept constant. In order to increase the compressor air flow rate while keeping the rotation speed of the turbocharger 12 constant, it is necessary to increase the driving force of the impeller 22 of the compressor 16 by the amount of compressor load that generally increases corresponding to the increase amount.

  The driving force of the compressor 16 is increased or decreased by increasing or decreasing the flow rate of the combustion gas supplied to the turbine 14. Therefore, when the compressor air flow rate is changed, if the combustion gas flow rate is changed by an amount corresponding to the change, the rotation speed of the turbocharger 12 is kept constant. For example, when the compressor air flow rate is increased from the compressor air flow rate at the operating point α to the compressor air flow rate at the operating point β and the driving force of the compressor 16 is increased, the turbocharger 12 The state at the operating point γ on the line L is shifted to.

  The compressor air flow rate is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the third control valve 34. On the other hand, the driving force of the compressor 16 is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the first control valve 30 because it is based on the flow rate of the combustion gas supplied to the turbine 14 as described above. Therefore, the rotational speed of the turbocharger 12 can be made constant by changing the opening degree of the first control valve 30 in response to changing the opening degree of the third control valve 34.

  Based on these relationships, in this embodiment, when it is desired to set the rotation speed of the turbocharger 12 to a desired rotation speed (predetermined value), the opening degree of the third control valve 34 is manually opened in accordance with the desired rotation speed. Then, the first control valve 30 is automatically controlled. Further, in order to make the data obtained by the test by the test apparatus 10 more accurate, the temperature of the combustion gas supplied to the turbine 14 is kept at a predetermined value. Note that the temperature of the combustion gas is controlled to be constant at 600 ° C. in this embodiment.

  This control will be described below. FIG. 3 conceptually shows an operation procedure of the first to third control valves 30, 32 and 34.

  First, the operator determines a target value for the rotational speed of the turbocharger 12. The operator manually operates (manually controls) the first to third control valves 30, 32, and 34 so that the rotation speed of the turbocharger 12 is close to the target value. When the rotational speed of the turbocharger 12 is close to the target value, the operator inputs the target value to the control device 40 in that state, and switches on automatic operation (automatic control) (switch: ON). . However, after the automatic operation is switched on, the operator does not touch the third control valve 34 in principle. That is, after the automatic operation is started, the operator does not touch the first to third control valves 30, 32, and 34 until the data acquisition is completed, and the opening degree of the third control valve 34 is particularly determined at that time. Is fixed at a predetermined opening (step S301). At this time, the predetermined opening degree at which the opening degree of the third control valve 34 is fixed is an opening degree that is appropriately determined by the operator from the target value of the rotational speed of the turbocharger 12.

  As described above, the control device 40 controls the first control valve 30 in a state where the opening degree of the third control valve 34 is fixed to an opening degree that substantially corresponds to the target value of the rotational speed of the turbocharger 12. When the automatic operation is started, the control device 40 performs the first control so that the rotation speed of the turbocharger 12 detected based on the output signal from the rotation speed sensor 46 matches a predetermined value, that is, the target value. The opening degree of the valve 30 is controlled (step S303). This control is performed by feedback control. The control device 40 opens the first control valve 30 based on a difference between the detected rotational speed of the turbocharger 12 and the target value, for example, the degree of deviation, so that the rotational speed matches the target value. Increase or decrease the degree.

  When the rotational speed of the turbocharger 12 matches the target value, the second control valve 32 is controlled. The control device 40 controls the opening degree of the second control valve 32 so that the temperature of the combustion gas detected based on the output signal from the temperature sensor 44 coincides with a predetermined value which is 600 ° C. in this embodiment. (Step S305). Similar to the control of the first control valve 30, this control is performed by feedback control. Thereby, the temperature of combustion gas will correspond to 600 degreeC.

  As shown in FIG. 3, Step S <b> 301 to Step S <b> 305 are repeatedly performed, and the control device 40 controls the first control valve 30 and the second control valve 32. At this time, as described above, the third control valve 34 is not controlled, and the opening degree of the third control valve 34 is fixed. Therefore, by following the procedure of FIG. 3, the first control valve 30 and the second control valve 32 are repeatedly feedback controlled.

  Note that the control of the first control valve 30 and the control of the second control valve 32 can be performed simultaneously, but in the present embodiment, the second control is performed after the control of the first control valve 30 is performed. A program is set up to control the valve 32 and then repeat these controls alternately. Accordingly, only one of the first control valve 30 and the second control valve 32 is adjusted from time to time, so that the adjustment is performed more easily and quickly. The control of the first control valve 30 and the control of the second control valve 32 may each be performed once.

  As described above, when the first control valve 30 and the second control valve 32 are automatically operated, if at least one of them is manually operated, the automatic control is canceled and the operator's manual operation is canceled. The program of the control device 40 is set so that the control can be switched (switch: OFF). Otherwise, when the automatic control is performed, for example, when the rotational speed of the turbocharger 12 does not converge to a predetermined value and the rotational speed of the turbocharger 12 changes in a direction away from the predetermined value, manual control is performed. The program of the control device 40 is set so as to be switched. The rotation speed of the turbocharger 12 changes in a direction away from a predetermined value, for example, when the third control valve 34 is operated by an operator or the like.

  As described above based on the embodiment, the opening degrees of the first control valve 30 and the second control valve 32 are separately adjusted by automatic control while the opening degree of the third control valve 34 is fixed. Then, the rotation speed of the turbocharger 12 and the temperature of the combustion gas are set to predetermined values, respectively. Therefore, the rotation speed of the turbocharger 12 and the temperature of the combustion gas can be easily set.

  As described above, the rotational speed of the turbocharger 12 is easily matched with a predetermined value, that is, a target value, so that the rotational speed of the turbocharger 12 is kept constant, and various data (combustion gas flow rate, compressor 16 air flow rate) are obtained. , The outlet pressure of the compressor 16 and the like) can be obtained quickly and easily. For example, based on the data obtained in this way, it is possible to create a graph representing the flow rate characteristics of the compressor 16 as shown in FIG. For example, various values of the compressor air flow rate and the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 at that time are detected while the rotation speed of the turbocharger is kept constant at the rotation speed n1, and the compressor air flow rate and the compressor 16 are detected from these detected values. A curve N1 showing the relationship with the pressure ratio is obtained. Similarly, curves N2 and N3 are obtained by taking data with the rotation speed of the turbocharger 12 kept constant at the rotation speeds n2 and n3. As a result, the surge line S can be determined, and the surging area A is determined. In the present embodiment, the pressure ratio of the compressor 16 is obtained from the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 and the atmospheric pressure separately measured as the inlet pressure of the compressor 16. By obtaining the data based on the output signals from the various sensors while keeping the rotation speed of the turbocharger 12 constant, it is possible to know the supercharging characteristics in various operating conditions by simulating the engine mounted state. Become. In order to investigate various performances and functions of the turbocharger 12, the control device 10 may be provided with various sensors other than those described above.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated based on embodiment, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. In the above embodiment, not only the rotation speed of the turbocharger 12 but also the temperature of the combustion gas is controlled. However, the opening degree of the second and third control valves 32 and 34 is fixed and the turbocharger 12 is controlled. Only the first control valve 30 may be controlled so that the rotation speed of the first control valve 30 coincides with a predetermined value. In this case, the second control valve 32 may be a simple manual valve.

  In the above embodiment, the third control valve 34 is simply a manual type. However, the third control valve 34 is controlled manually or automatically like the first control valve 30 and the second control valve 32. It may be configured. And it may be made to perform by automatic control to control so that the opening degree of the 3rd control valve 34 may become the opening degree corresponding to the number of rotations of turbocharger 12 roughly.

  The combustor 24 may be configured in any manner as long as it has a function of burning an air-fuel mixture composed of supplied fuel and air. The combustor can be a burner. The air source 26 may have any configuration as long as air can be supplied to the combustor 24. Similarly, the fuel supply unit 28 may have any configuration as long as fuel can be supplied to the combustor 24. The flow meters 42 and 48 are not limited to orifice flow meters, and may be any other flow meters.

  In the above embodiment, the present invention has been described with a certain degree of concreteness, but various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention described in the claims. It must be understood that. That is, the present invention includes modifications and changes that fall within the scope and spirit of the appended claims and their equivalents.

1 is a conceptual system diagram of a turbocharger testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a graph conceptually showing an example of a relationship between a compressor air flow rate and a compressor load. It is the figure which showed notionally an example of the operation procedure of a 1st to 3rd control valve. It is an example of the flow characteristic figure of a compressor.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Test apparatus 12 Turbocharger 14 Turbine 16 Compressor 18 Wheel 20 Shaft 22 Impeller 24 Combustor 26 Air source 28 Fuel supply unit 30 1st control valve 32 2nd control valve 34 3rd control valve 40 Control apparatus 42, 48 Orifice flowmeter 44 Temperature sensor 46 Rotational speed sensor 50 Pressure sensor GS Combustion gas supply passage AS Air supply passage FS Fuel supply passage GE Combustion gas exhaust passage AI Air introduction passage AD Air delivery passage

Claims (2)

In a turbocharger test apparatus in which a turbine and a compressor are connected coaxially,
A combustor that generates combustion gas and supplies the generated combustion gas to the turbine;
A combustion air flow rate control valve for controlling the flow rate of combustion air sent to the combustor;
A compressor discharge flow rate control valve for controlling the flow rate of air discharged from the compressor;
A rotational speed detection means for detecting the rotational speed of the turbocharger;
The combustion air flow rate control valve is set so that the rotation speed of the turbocharger detected by the rotation speed detection means matches a predetermined value in a state where the opening degree of the compressor discharge flow rate control valve is fixed at a predetermined opening degree. Flow rate control valve control means for feedback control of the opening degree of,
A turbocharger testing apparatus comprising: A fuel control valve for adjusting the amount of fuel supplied to the combustor;
Temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the combustion gas supplied to the turbine;
With the opening of the compressor discharge flow rate control valve fixed at a predetermined opening, the opening of the fuel control valve is adjusted so that the temperature of the combustion gas detected by the temperature detecting means matches a predetermined value. Fuel control valve control means for feedback control;
The turbocharger testing device according to claim 1, further comprising:

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